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SATURDAY. JULY 31. 1909. Ths llumter Watchman was found ?d In 111A and the True Southron in H*f. Tha Watchman and Southron oo t hau the combined circulation and tnftooao* of both of the >ld papers, avr \ t* manifestly the best advertising t< Ham la Sumter. he frequency of defecations In >ty offices In South Carolina dem ??' rate? the necessity of a more rigid a more systematic Inspection of e offices. A careless or I nco nine? ty I official is scarcely more desirable tht t a dishonest one. for the counties ?r m the end as greatly from i.. m pete my as from dishonesty. A < check should be kept and all <-'?uoty oi*clals who handle public * should be held to a strict ac **>u t ? ? ? mter can boast of the poorest moat unsightly sidewalks In the Stat?- but this Is one subject concern? ing vrhkch our hot air artists preserve % o^mtstent and consistent silence. Th*i * Is nothing to be gained by talk? ing bout it. but It Is time something .? '.*. done to remedy conditions not ablo to the town. ? ? ? ? Uvan's Island and Wrlghtsvllle T*?*srn have been very popular with Hum ir people thlls season. Neither taaoi aa dry enough to prove that dtlon prohibits. ? ? ? success of the proposed T. M. will depend upon the man em i as secretary. The failure to ?m the T. m. C. A. on a perma >asbj ivhen the effort was made ?er y?ars was due not to there wo need for such an instltu bt Sim i-t but because the men d la charge were not fitted for 4fre ? era by training or personality. ? ?jng men of Sumter need a Y. . M. C. A. and the movement now on fljsjgt . ?ould not be allowed to fail for ' support. The business men of ? who bavc always contributed ?hl r ly towards the support of base ' ? ntf other similar undertakings ? m letter afford to give as much. ? ar r? nsa, to the Y. M. C. A., than to AjsOy her enterprise of which we tloo PIS' ? t ? A ?. ill equipped and well conducted ' A Is an asset of the greatest ?I a town and Is of permanent t>. It helps make good men and It Isens out of boys who other w\Y' *ow up to be bums and loafers. hi A I. Heat don. whose resigna? tion i Health Officer and Secretary of 11 Board of Health was announc sday. has served the city for *r ittn a decade, and In that time ha* : -tdered services of real and last in ie to HiitntK. Tb.s will be ad M?U i by every resident of Sumter aad '. r. Reardon has had frequent arked testimonials of the sp? ulen that has been felt by prac ?II of his fellow cltlsens of his as a public official and as an In isl for the betterment, up 4 ond advertisement of this ?e ill know that Sumter ha* ha I a more loyal clt'^n or more nbu ?aatk: boaster than Mr. Rear d for what he has done and lor v>b*t he hss tried to do for the the community we yield him fa' n<l grateful credit. As one of tr ? asr health officers of the St.it. lie "".ibltshed for himself a veil oi? 11. reputation for progress ve ? r>srgy and efficiency and on this sni the citlsens of Sumter?all of lb Mr. Reardon's very good and end*?legret to give him up feut ti the circumstances It Is a pat* SJet :** t to all that Mr. Krai don's ? n ?f thN time was both ly and necessary, and that he ot have remained In office ?ubarrassment to the r.ut.l tb And to bimself. He has IV* city well and efficiently In years, and bin friends and j s?' n-r?, lb it- a hom no m ir in On. has more than Bmmett Rear vi b f ir hlSi all possible surees#| rhm t lew lino of endeavor which 'Win hereafter engage his activities. _HU k?i -'S and appreciates, we h. .? I oi MunHOf are all his '?od- nd that they rejoice in hi* success and prosperity p|d ow with mh*- <'.* anger kiio feel th OibT .?? slni-en Otarmup ty whs aas^., y >rs of at ll IP ? ?fullie*? Ts^r*'. can fa ? 1*1?'* interest t aa !*? i plan of 5smsm h.r'iway h> ?i fTaturabi i by v Oara-r * V+rry > I for htm . t Ml I d ths pop I t of the i for him ? petlty and tile of ad t ->| m,in. I ii' ? Ii -1 being tak ct a tlrnt Is city and teburg and te o ? a' ntvntt oieuuraglng roads. The ? ? fr r to Stato >w ir d condition oat v it first-class aope< >t be excrs soot Uateburg to it Q| r would have tftcaJ iad the hill d d ^>uld require Farmers' Union News ?AND ? Practical Thoughts for Practical Farmers (Conducted by E. W. Dabbs, President Furnier.?,' Union of Sunder County.) The Watchman and Southron having decided to double its service by seml-eveekly publication, would improve that service by special features. The first to be inaugurated is this Department for the Farmers' Union and Practical Farmers which I have been requested to conduct. It will be my aim to give the Union news and official calls of the Union. To that end officers, and members of the Union are requested to use these columns. Also to publish such clipping^from the agricultural papers and Govern? ment Bulletins as I think will be of practical benefit to cur readers. Ori? ginal articles by any of our readers te Hing of their successes or failures w 11 be appreciated and published. Trusting this Department will be of mutual benefit to all concerned, THE EDITOR. All communications for tl is Department should be sent to E. W. Dabbs. Mc : csv I lie. 8. C. Koine Ra/ulom Thoughts. I havo frequently been aaketl, "How do you grow Fall Irish pota? toes ?" My reply is " I do not grow them; the few I have are volunteers." I mide it a practice for many years to plnnt Irlsi potatoes in August. But only twice in my life can I say it was a lucceas. On both occasions, after pisntlng. the ground was well mulch? ed with wheat straw, so that when settled down, it was six inchea thick. In the fall of the year we could scr'.ch into the straw, and just be? tween the straw and soil were some of the finest, cleanest potatoes on<; could wish. Of late years, however, I have depended on the potatoes left in dig? ging the early crop, and get a few "mes-ies" of nice potatoes Just before and after frost. May be the article below will help some of us to grow ?ome. It will not help me for I have every available fcot of land in peas of one variety or another and expect to have green peas until frost. ? i a By the way, It is much better to sow cow peas as other early veget? ables are removed than let the lemd get foul with grass and weeds. They are convenient f >r the housekeeper, and tut the soil in the best possible condition for winter gardening. ? ? ? Set eollards in the deep furrow-/ plowed out in dinging the Irish pots toes. Put them down as deep an pos ihie 3 by 3 feet and later work the mil to them. Five cents worth ot' seed will produce 500 to 1.000 plants. And If they grow as big as mine 200 to 300 will supply the table from Dec. 1st to March 1st. Some of them head-up. If eollards have a wilted look, you may U>e sure the "Yankee" bugs ("harlequin cinch bug" la the correct name I believe') are sapping the life out of them. Spray with di 'ut?d kerosene oil?but hand-picking is the most effective means, and should be done before they bcome nu? merous. If not checked the eollards will be ruined. E. W. D. FALL CHOP OF IRISH POTATOES. Seie t MoIhC. 1/oomc, Rieh Soil. Plant In August. With Sound Seed Well Sprouted, and Cultivate Level and Often. Messrs. Editors: Cool, moist, soil, such as may be provided during Feb rurai> and early March, furnishes the Mi ?1 condition for securing a good planting for the fall crop. we lind the soil hot and frequently dry, I CO list 6 arable grading, but the cost: of this work would not be large In com? parison with the value of the high wny. The road from the river to Co luanb a i? reported to be in excel ?nt eondition and it is said the Kichland Comity authorities are ready to do all that Is necessary to make the high? way all that it should be and to un?e with Sumter County in re-establish? ing and maintaining the ferry at Gar? ner's. This r<>ad would be as direct a rovite as the railroad anil the n\ le age would be no greater, so that for an automobile the trip to Columbia would be a matter of two hours or l-ss At the SjSJtS4 t ,i lerry would be im - essary. as it could be established roe leas than a bridge, but a bridge uould oome In a short time as soon as the travel on i?<- road assumed the proportlOM that the advocates of the highway anticipate, A bridge across tl?e Wateree has long been needed and th? Counties of Kichland and ? nmter can weil afford to build it el soon as the roads are in condition to Invite travel between the two coun? ties The Chamhof of Commerce has taken up the proposition and a melt? ing has been called to consider/ the pl in. The citizens of Sumter should in'erest themselves In the matter, nt tend the meeting and use every effort to arouse Interest and enthusiasm amongst the people of the section of the county to he most benefittOd by tiu> reconstruction of the Sumte Stateburg river road and the estab | lishn "' i a Aral els St modern htgl laj of the S?utc. condition very unfavorable for germ? ination?a condition, too, which. if long continued, may cause the tubers to decay before germination takes place. To obviate as far as possible the matter of dry soil, start in time to select a plot of ground and to prepare it for the reception and re? tention of a good water supply. You are familiar, no doubt, with acres bere and there on your farm which are drouth resistant?rich, mellow, well-drained but moist land such as is best suited for the late roasting ear or turnip patch. Such soil is frequently to be found in the valley near the branch, or possibly an old cow pen or a portion of the garden may be suitable. Select, if possible, a piece of land that was heavily man? ured, well prepared and thoroughly cultivated in some spring crop, like cabbage, turrips or beans. As soon as the spring crop is re? moved plow and harrow until it is in good mechanical condition. It la usually liest to re-plow and harrow several times during June and July, leaving the surface level each time it is disturbed. The finer the soil particles are made the more water the land will hold for plant growth, and the longer It will retain its moist, mellow condition. Selection of Seed. The potatoes used for planting should b?> sound and in prime con? dition for sprouting. It is the prac? tice with some to dig the sprint; CTOp as potatoes are wanted for th( table and to plant the small tubes immediately In the rows from which they were taken. In favorable soil and with cool, showry weather dur? ing August or early September, a good stand might result. The writer has succeeded best with potatoes dug soon after the tops die. As dig? ging progresses, potatoes selected for planting are removed at once, spread out thinly under a shed or a spread? ing shade tree and lightly covered with straw or half-rotted leaves. Here the tubers undergo a curing or ripening process. As a rule, un? sound potatoes will show signs of decay within few days after digging. These are promptly removed. After three or four weeks the potatoes will have "wilted." To still improve them for pluntlng, the covering of straw la removed to admit light. Exposure t? light ifft parts a lull green color to the potato. Tbi "greening" process -tems to render the potato* less sub? ject to rot in the soil. The. Time to Plant August 1st to August ir>th is our season for planting. With soil and seed la good condition the latter date is preferred. Two or three weeks before planting, the potatoes are Oartfully examined to see if eyca ai" slatting. If they show no signs <?' growthi they art covered lightly vlth >and or m t'low Boll? and water is applied copli ualy, After this nrat ap plication Of water the bed is kepi fflO'st but not WCt. With properly cm i d potatoes, ten lavs or two weeks in the spi outing lied should attffloe i i atari moat oi the eyea Into g'owttr i.e sure t>> plant before aproiica are ai'fllclentiy Serge to rub off it hand It;.'. All ' ill no! start at once of course. The mort advanced might to planted when ready and th > oth ptm returned to the planting bed to i e planted h ft w daya later. ?Vtitle i to I] bushels per ae:v might suf? fice to secure a good stand In ihe spring, it is w is.' to use not less than twenty buahela per acer In planting the aecond crop, This means no more rows and no more hills in the row than for spring planting. but thai each potato or piece of potato planted during August should be about tWOe the size of those Used In spring planting At best. Ihe adverta conditions at? tending August planting render it neceaaary thai each potato plant be provided with a good supply of food from the mother tuber until it la Sufficiently strong to draw its nour? ishment from the soil. Cultivate orten With shallow Hun ulna Tu plemcnts j When all r? ? r fo planting, (re number that surface of soil is level .1. open furrows 3 feet apart and about i inches deep, and drop potatoes Oil bottom of freshly opened furrow, one piece in a place, 12 to 15 inches apart in the row, and cover until the fur? row is about half filled with soil. Fi>*in the soil well over each hill wl*h the foot, ho? or toller, and the w vk of pluming is dene. f ulttvalion is easy, simple and in? expensive. Use the harrow frequent until plants are 5 or 6 inches high, after which the cultivator and sweep will be better implements for keeping the soil ridged to the plants. Very little work Is needed with the hoe. We have found no better varieties for fall planting than Triumph, Rose ?nd Peerless. In the northern half of Mississippi potato plants are seldom killed by cold before November 15th and dig? ging may b delayed until December 1st. Dig, however, before cold weath? er rains begin. Irish potatoes may be kept in perfect condition during win? ter by banking in cone-shaped piles. 25 to 40 bushels to the bank, and cov? ering with straw, corn-stalks and soil after the manner of banking sweet potatoes; or they may be placed In a cool dark cellar or other apartment where they will not freeze. A. B. McKAY, Horticulturist, Mississippi Experiment Station in Progressive Farmer. WOULD TAX SOFT DUNKS. Georgia Legislators Plan to Have So? da Founts I?uy Good Part of State's Expenses. Atlanta. Ga., July 28.?If the Geor? gia legislature incorporates into the general tax bill all the provisions In? troduced by members, it soon will be nearly as hard to get a drink of soda water in the State as it is now to get a drink of whiskey. Face to face with a deficit and with salaries and bills unpaid, the solons are grubbing desperately to find reve? nue producers. Since the advent of I prohibition the STJft drink industry , has become the biggest thing in the State. Hence, it offers the easiest so? lution of the problem. Here are some of the tax clauses already passed by the house: Five dollars a year upon each faucet of a soda-water fountain, $500 per year for each manufacturer of carbonated water, $25 per year upon each bot? tling machine in the State, a revenue -tamp costing 5 cents for each gallon of syrup or tincture or extract man? ufactured or sold. All of these taxes are in addition to the tax levied by the cities, town: and villages in which the dealer re -ides and these towns have not over? looked the soft drink dealers in thell plans for raising revenue. Thes? levies, too. are in addition to certain specific taxes which have been direct? ed against certain big manufacturers >f well known bottled drinks. Several members say they have measures being drawn which will help to increase the funds. Conser? vative members are alarmed and de? clare that unless the assembly goes slow it will cut off nearly all the state's revenue instead of increasing It. There Is a strong demand for grad? ates from agricultural colleges, pos? sibly a more continuous and urgent d< mand than for any other class of graduates. The farmer boy will make no mistake in arranging to take an agricultural course. It will be useful to him In getting a temporary posi? tion in order to win back the money ezpendad in his education, and also useful as long as he lives in the cul tivatlon and management of his own farm.?Progressive Farmer. V.aj. J^hn F. Jones, of Blackburg, 3, ('., has signed conti acts With tb> Payne Electric Dredge Co., wherebv he acquires license rights for th use of their system ?'f dredges on som< 2,000 acres of gold and monazite bearlng lands, in Golden Valley, Rut herfordton County, X. C. The yield is high, being $:>0 in gold to the cubic yard. Other minerals of value are pr< sent. No: Not nah. ?'Catching any fish, bub?" "Naw! Nothln' hut carp."?Chica? go Tribune. Accommodated. Prom one who signs "Subscriber," Santa Clara, California: "Referring to your editorial on i ooks, your Issue of .June 10, will yon kindly print 'the best pun in the Eng? lish language therein.' I inquire for to know." It occurs In the last verses of Thomas Hood's Faithless Nelly Nt iiy Brown*': ??ms death, which happened in his berth, At forty-odd befell; They went and told the sexton, Ami the sexton tolled the bell." The pronunciation of final judg? ment on this pun does not preclude '? terest In other can-lladtrr. C< I I lit i's. CONFEREES END LABORS. FIXING RATES IS CONCLUDED? it is Up to the President Now?Ald rfcta and Payne Hurry Out to Fort Meyer to Get Tail's "O. K." on the Report?Leaders Satisfied-Coal Senators Fail. Washington, July 28.?After work? ing for nearly three weeks at what proved to be one of the longest an ' most anxious tasks ever expriem ?! in tariff building, the majority mem? bers of the conference committee on the Payne-Aldrich bill brought their labors to a sudden close at 6 o'clock tonight. Without a moment's dela\. the senate and house leaders, whose names are carried by the bill, stoned away by automobile with the inten? tion of laying their report before President Taft, who had gone to Fort Meyer to see what had been intended to be the last official aeroplane flight of the Wright brothers. All day long the conferees had struggled with the question of bringing down the bouse rates on gloves and the senate rates I on lumber to figures they felt wou meet with executive approval. In this effort they failed. Lumber was made duitatle at rates only a little below those named by the senate bill and there was o very s'ght shading from the house rates on gloves of good quality. Although it j was not admitted by the conferees, j the general impression drawn from tiie hurried trip to Fort Meyer was I tvrat Messrs. Aldricfi and Payne had I been authorized by their colleagues I <o Incorporate In the conference re? port such figures as could be agreed I upon with the presfdent in so far a I they come within range of what the j leaders believe acceptable in the I house and senate. ' I Returning from the conference at I Fort Meyer, Messrs. Aldricfi and J Payne seemed to be entirely satisfied I with the outcome of their mission, I although neither would discuss the I conclusions reached". [ It wasw announced officially that the I Democratic members of the confer j ence committee would be called Into I the session tomorrow, r In view of President Tail's utter I ances, senate and house leaders wert* J predicting tonight that the conference j rates on gloves and lumber would I not prove satisfactory to him. J It required a roll call to. fix the I rates on lumber, which are as fol I lows: I Lumber, rough. $1.40 a thousand I feet. The house rate was $1 and the I senate rate $1.50. The The senate j differentials were adopted, j Gloves were made duitable at rates I considerable in advance of the dutic?? I fixed by the senate bill, which for the I most part were the same as the Ding I ley rates. Unquestionably the session today was I the business of the three weeks to be I held in conference. Dozens of sena I tors sought audiences and were re I ceived by the senate members of the I committee and there called also many j members of the house, encouraging j the members favoring anti-free raw I materials. In the corridors swarmed agents of j special interests who seemed to real? ize that the crucial period of the con I ference had arrived. Senators Elk ins and Scott of West j Virginia and Clark of Wyoming en I deavored to get the conferees to make j the rate of 4 5 cents a ton on coal .p ply to the short ton, which, it is said, j would make a difference of about 5 J cents a ton and would operate ho ftd I vance the rate to the equivalent of 50 I cents. The senators interested in get I ting all the protection possible for j coal were not successful in their mis I sion. Just before the close of the sesion the rate on print paper was fixed al I *?,.75 a Ion. This is only 25 cents I less than the senate rate and $1.75 J more than the house rate. It is $2.25 I a ton less than the existing rate. There was some discussion today of the iron ore question. Senator Bur I rows made an effort to get the rat? fixed at 20 cents instead of 15 cent! j a ton. ! Hides were left on the free list. I contingent upon the adoption of the rule in the house making in order the I action of the conferees in going be? low the house rates in fixing the I rates on leather. J If tiie report is laid before the house on Friday, according to the present programme, it will be printed and taken up on Saturday. It is not believed that the house will discuss it more than one day. In this case the senate nu'.y begin with the report on Monday. It is believed it can be dis? posed of next week. Notice is given the public that tin* road across Second Mill is open for travel. A way has been CUt around the bridge. There will be a special meeting for young men <>niy at the Lyric next Sunday afternoon at \ o'clock. Ad? mission by ticket only. Tickets free, and can he obtained from Mr. W. A. Weathers, 13 East i'alhoun Street. \*n one under 16 ^.i^ of agi admit* Impressions of a Traveler. Wehawkln. X. Y. Bditor Item:?As I am traveling Xorth for the first time I thought I would offer you a few of my impres? sions. It consumed twenty hours to trav? el from Sumter to this print*. I got to glimpse things just before arriv? ing at Richmond. The country from Richmond up to seventy-live miles north of Bal t; more s< ma deserted. Only a few patches of corn that looked more like weeping .Willows than corn, also, a f< W, very few, patches of sweet po? tatoes, Irish potatoes and toma? to, s. I would judge that nineteen twentieths of the land was forest or old fields. The forests are composed of sweet gum, white ai d red oak, maple and very short leafed pines. There are a few farm houses ; ! >ng the way and it is hard to im : agine where the profit cam* from to j erect them them, for aVng 200 miles i there are not crops em ugh to war? rant a one hundred dollar lien. It will be a sorry day for our na? tion when all of her people quit the farm, and once they tale their de? parture they never return, therefore, 1 take it that to mention the farm and farmers is the very highest ex? pression of patriotism. The passenger station in Washing? ton is acres and acres . ong and so simply arranged that no traveler needi err. Pteg striking Wilmington, Del... all was factories and frame dwellings to .Icrsey City. I wonder how men are found in sufficient numbers to operate them. I have not had the opportunity to med any one yet, all arc so bent on getting further. The people are not as all-round as good loking as we aie, but there is this difference, they are serious and eager. Up the Hudson op the West Shore is a trip of wonderful scenery. The river runs through a valley with hills on each side, some reach an altitude o 1,000 feet of sheer precipices of solid granite. One can see in the dis? tance valleys and some of the highest points shrouded in clouds. These people up here are very busy. I find trains rushing up and down on both sides of the river over double tracks every fifteen minutes. The frieght and pnssenger trains both carry numerous cars and coaches, but the coaches are not crowded with passengers. The peo? ple here seem to be bent on living for one sees here whole train loads of milk, live stock, chickens, fruit, etc. Where we have negro workmen, here all are white. I find them in? clined to abuse the company manage? ment. If our people felt and talked like these people they could not be prevented from doing something to? ward remedying conditions. Oats in this section are just ripening and are about knee hi^h, corn about large enough to plow the first time and planted thick in the drill and in two and three foot rows. Xegroes up here do not look as black as ours, but have a pale sickly cast of coun teance, but are strong and well be? haved, in fact, every one is well be? haved, and accommodatingly polite, in the way of information. I omitted to cay that the Hudson is filled with steamboats and sailing crafts loading and unloading freight at every point. Factories still abound all along the way from XeW York up here 125 miles. I am now at Ca? naan, (pronounced Canto). This C< untry N a series of knolls, one half of it is cleared. Xearly all of it is in g:ass. which seems to be the main crop. The men are not as fine looking as ours, neither In size nor complexion. The older ones have the alcohol face similar to what one might remember of the well to do farmer before the war In our country. , I notice some corn tassels today nt is inches to 3 feet tall: I find the elm oak. and water willow here. Apple orchards abound and strange to say the oats right under the trees are just as good as anywhere in the field. The girls are not as graceful in carriage as ours, although they have very intelligent faces. They wear smaller hats than ours but with more dowers. Trains here are not announced. Ev? ery one seems to be wall trained and fully informed and act so speedily thirty seconds will unload and load the passengers. All that are to land are standing ready jammed together I at the doors of the car before it stops and out they go and in they come all In ? frenzy. It reminds me of Conductor Planntgan'S wire to the load office of his railroad: "Off again, on agin, gone agin.?Flannigln." ICORH ANON. CASTOR IA for Infants and Children. The Kind You Have Always Bought Bears the Bignatai - of