The watchman and southron. (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, July 21, 1909, Image 4
C)p ??aUjnnan m? ?Soutbnm.
ffltNteOAY, JULY 21. 1909.
The flumter Watchman waa found?
ed la lit* and tha True Southron In
1994. The Watchman and Southron
Baw ban the combined circulation and
nee of both of tha old papers,
hi manifestly the best advertising
lass la Burnt sr.
a time ago Supt. Cain was the
of more or less Ill-will of some
of ta>* applicants for teachers' cer?
tificates because they did not get
them The number who received cer?
tificates was nine, from twenty-two
applicants
Those who failed to meet the re
quk assents were sincere In their feel?
ings about the matter, of course. But
have they seriously considered the
groat responsibility that rests upon
fhe teacher* The teacher deals with
haraan character, human souls. And
yet. when a young person has Just
finished high school, and knows noth?
ing practically of any kind of voca?
tion, he decide* 0 teach "to get a
money"?deals in character
before he knows how to deal
la anything else. Consider the grave
a*cnsatty of having a very thorough
WTsparatiaa for teachers. In the re?
seat educational convention at Den?
ver. Dr. Henry O Williams. Dean of
the Mats Normal Schools of Athens.
Ohio, saade the following statement
la a speech oa scientific teaching:
"There are some rural teachers
who doa't know the ABC of educa?
tion, yet they are called "professors."
as Is the corn doctor or the dog
He was tailing the cold truth. Bv
werytKx'y has to admit the statement
as erne Dealing In human souls Is
too serious s rocatlon for eiperlment
Knowing a few text-books Is
ig how to teach. There Is
a setrace. In teaching which
bo studied before entering on
da Oes of a teacher. Special meth
Of teaching different subjects,
of school organisation,
ass etiology and many other
details should be carefully
No per sea Is fitted to teach
fa aay grade who has Just finished
the tenth grade. Two years work In
asaso normal school or In the educa?
tional espartos oats of our Irterury In
ettmttoes Is la absolute se ?sslty in
order lh*f '*??? ' i ' r ' > '.
ftctent. #fe
U taken s> least^jB yeais of r >i
lege study to show n rv- j >i. how lit?
tle hs really knoetgjfJTHe gets the
posit!**, egotistical element knocked
oat of hiss. He must reach the last
of aay statement or theory
s accepts It as true or false,
ether advantage of the school
while making preparations
fee teaching, la the benefit of college
lUeas. the ?best, the moat select
elssaaat of the State and surrounding
iwealths, la college, one aa
dth the "cream" of young
and womanhood.
II Is hoped that every ons who wss
an fortunate la the last examination
for teachers will determine to make
preparation* for teaching, and
aad take the examination again.
OOaaty and State need more and
tiler teachers
Dyeing 11? ?1 Flowers.
rery once la a while some florist
gets busy and puts some odd colored
blosses?? ta his window as an extra
attraction to the display." said a club
'I Just noticed one down the
It consisted of a bunch of im
Ms green carnations. At first
a Is see a good many people thought
they were made of paper, hut they
got tetereeted when they found out
that they were 'natural.' Now. any?
body who wants to have el y of these
freak flowers can g?*t them by buying
kind of aniline Ink. any color
Carnations are tht easiest to
enter?whits ones, of course. Put
their stamps In a glass filled with Ink.
Thslr Steens are soft, and In a short
wnllo the larger veins In their petals
err tiled with the lok. Don't let them
absorb too much color. The are
prettier with Just ?> much. Then re
asovs them snd put them In a vase
of sell water Ulli as of the Valley
had themselves ' o this scheme also,
la feel, aay while, soft stemmed
flnwor m*y be uned."?Philadelphia
tlAMHHAIJj f1HAIJ.IV.Nt;*:!
to the Samte* Junior*?
ouians After Tliolr Scalp.
Tha Lu?ly Item s In receipt of the
f*>flowing cWatlengo from the Air
lees h si I Club, of Charleston.
Air Dorn? Baseball Club, of
challenges any strictly
r organised baseball team of
fJaaster to play at a near date. We
havs aa age limit >f twenty years for
players sad would rather get a team
*r aaset this average age. All teams
iitahleg to phty with please communi
cats with Mas Ooldman, Care Char?
leston Bill Posting Co , Charleston.
9L C.
Tours truly.
MAX GOLDMAN
Farmers' Union News
?AND
Practical Thoughts for Practical Farmers
(Conducted by E. W. Dab be, President Farmers' Union of Sumter
County.)
The Watchman and Southron having decided to double its service by
semi-weekly publication, would improve that service by special features.
The first to be inaugurated is this Department for the Farmers' Union and
Practical Farmers which I have been requested to conduct. It will he my
aim to give the Union news and official calls of the Union. To that end
officers, and members of the Union are requested to use these columns.
Also to publish such clippings from the agricultural papers and Cover n
ment Bulletins as I think will be of practical benefit to our readers. Ori?
ginal articles by any of our readers telling of their successes or failures
will be appreciated and published. I
Trusting this Department will be of mutual benefit to all concerned,
THE EDITOR.
All communications for tl Is Department should be sent to E. W. Dabbs.
Mayesvllle, S. C.
Some Random Thoughts.
A few features of Sea Island farm?
ing and I must close this series of
letters. On many farms of the ls
i
lands the dependance for litter for
the stables Is the dead marsh grass
that tbe tides drift upon the beaches.
Every barnyard, except the one at the
Junction of Wappoo Cut and Stono
River where the bluff does not permit
of reaching the beach with a cart, has
Its piles of marsh grass. Every ne?
gro tenant had his pile of It It is
rich In phosphorus and is preferred
to pine straw by the farmers on that
account. Then too, many of them
have no woodland to rake litter on.
I did not see a pig on James Is?
land and only one lone little one on
the Island cut off from James Island
by Elliotts Cut, a part of Wappoo
Creek, and the Inland waterway from
Charleston to Beaufort. They say
hogs are a nuisance. There are some
sheep and goats, and every farm has
Its bunch of rows. The finest bunch of
sheep I saw were on Johns Island.
There were aeveral years ago two
dairy farms on the si ind, hut one
waa discontinued M unprofitable. The
owner Of the other claim* it Ii profit?
able but ^me of hl? brother farm
erg say the cotton supports the dairy.
Rieh lanfit .Veil, if you could see
lbs growth of weeds in one season
on all rested lands, and the dense
hedge rows alongside every public
road, from 10 to 20 feet wide and 10
to 20 feet high, so thick a man could
not get through, except with a hatch?
et, you would say It was rich too.
I laughed at some of my friends and
told them they allowed the hedges to
grow so as to hide the crops, but It
Is to have wind breaks. On only
two roads did '1 see any shade trees,
that was on the road from Ft John?
son and the private road to Mr. Hin
son's. Other private roads may have
shade trees, but I did not see them.
As for the public roads the negroes
cut the trees for fire wood as fast as
they attain stove wood size. Many
oi them using cotton stalks for wood.
The reaaons given for resting the
cotton lands are: to grow humus and
to afford pasture that the cattle may
pack the sol); the two, tramping by
cattle, and the humus, preventing its
blowing away. Such treatment al?
ways giving an additional yield of 50
to 100 pounds of lint cotton per acre
which at 40 to 60 cents per pound
gives a greater rental than cultivation
could do. It was stated by several
farmers that every instance where
cotton was planted continuously
showed poorer yields.
Another feature that every Interior
farmer criticises is the vast amount
of hand labor. The seed are planted
1 y hand. The hoeing I was told If
about 19 per acre, from four to six
hoeings at $1.60 to 22.00 per acre. A
ho? must never touch a plant, the
leant little skinning or bruising and
that plant Is done for.
The plowing consists mainly of one
or two furrows in the middle of a
five foot row, and the hoes follow be?
hind and draw the loose soli up tc
the plant picking out grans near the
plants by hand. When laid by It h
on a big round bed at least two feet
above the centre of alley.
To begin with the weeds and old
stalks of two years before were bar?
red off by a turn plow and listed
down into the alley by hoes, covering
a space two feet wide In the old alley
On this tne stable manure and fer
tlllxers are spread an? bedded on b>
two horxe plows, the two foot spacf
under the plants being unbroken. 11
Is said this Is done to cause the plant
to ripen Its fruit. If the land is brok?
en underneath the plants it will try tc
grow into a tree at the expense oi
fruit, and fall to mature.
Several fields of asparagus from
which thousands of dollars worth o1
"grass" had been ahlpped were among
the prettiest sights I saw In the farm?
ing line The rows arc 7 feet wide
and the shoots as thick as one's fing?
ers, cover a apace of 18 inches to 2 feel
wide on the top of the bed, and arc
as tall as a man's shoulders. Small
harrow? were being used to clean the
middle of the row. In a few days
cowpeas will be sown thickly in the
alleys. Next January the dead tops
'will be removed for Utter, a great
many of the twigs and the peavines
plowed down into the alley, the
"grass" barred off as close as possible,
fertilizer applied, the dirt removed
from the "crowns' by hoes. After
standing a few days they begin to
plow the dirt back on the "grass"
crowns until it Is 12 inches deep, so
the .items of this much prized veget?
able when put on the market are
about 12 inches long and one Inch
thick, If properly fertilized.
There arc a great many other
phases of farming down there I could
write about, bu^ one other, the seed
problem, struck me as being unique.
Only as very especial acts of friend?
ship will one planter let another have
any of his seed at all. This seemed to
me very selfish, and hardly believable
of a people, who work together so
harmoniously along other lines. Some
years ago they would sell their seed
to Georgia, Florida and West Indian
planters, but not to one another. The
competition from these sources be?
came so keen that they quit shipping
the seed. It seems that only on these
Islands between Charleston and Beau?
fort can the plant be kept up to the
high standard of 40 to 60 cents a
pound and other points need to re?
new their seed; so by keeping the
seed at home and lettjng every man
see to his own selection they hope to
control the market.
A word as to water transportation,
and I muat close this letter. In my
judgment that Is really the greatest
advantage our coastal friends have
over us here In the interior. A boat
costing $300.00 including a gasoline
engine of 6 or 7 horse-power, will
carry two tons of freight or twenty
passengers, six or seven miles an hour
against tide and about double that
with the tide. A landing place can
be built at very little more cost than
we have to keep up our private roads.
The gasoline will npt cost as much
as the feed of one mule team, and It
would take two mule teams and wag?
ons, costing $1.000 to $1,200, to haul
as much freight. The government
keeps up these roads of the waters,
survey ng and marking the channels;
dredging, revetting and Jettying,
wherever necessary. I saw the stakes
and flags of a recent government sur?
vey of the Inland water from Johns'
Island to the city. At great expense
the channels are shortened by cut-offs
at the bends. All this without any
cost to the people who live along the
waterways, if this is a function of
government, and unbroken precedent
for a hundred years makes It so, I be
Kin to think the national government
should build the roads, at least the
I most Important ones. Say, direc
roads from one County Court House
to another, North and South and Eas?
and West. Our interior towns should
I not rest until every stream that ha.s
tins water flow is opened to boat*, and
in other ways by railroad and trolley,
open up direct avenues of traffic with
the seaports?the termini of tue
world's great high-way?the ocean.
Ollf ol the delightftil expert2r-.eei
of this trip by my little girls and my?
self was to be shown over the nne:4
ship Of the Clyde Line, the Mohawk,
In company with the harbor master
I The oiflcers of these ships are alwa>*
very courteous and lau Ismen ttlOtlld
avail themselves of tho opportunity
to ge ;hrough one at least once.
j E. W. D.
J "Made In Atlanta" is an article
worth our serious consideration
Many Sumter County farmers could
well take some special line of cropi
or stock and build up a reputation
I on them that would beat growing
staple crops as a money proposition
and would tend to that diversity Ir
our agriculture which would mike ui
Independent.
The great trouble Is to determln*.
just what crop or stock to make out
specialty and then of more impor?
tance, to stick to It until we produce
none but the best of that class.
I E. W. D.
"Matie In Atlanta.
We had the pleasure of attending
the unique convention of the J. K.
Orr Shoe Co., held at the Hotel Ara?
gon, on June 21 and 22nd, celebrat?
ing their Anniversary. Here we saw
300 merchants from all parts of the
South called together as patrons of
this linn. We do UOt t rite this ar?
ticle to boost the J. K. Orr Shoe
Company, nor as an Indirect adver?
tisement, but we want to use the suc?
cess of this concern as a timely ob?
ject lesson to our farming class. The
Mayor of Atlanta in his address of
welcome said: "Twenty-five years ago
we held the Cotton Expostion here in
Atlanta, and I was impressed with
the possibilities In the manufacturing
of cotton and thought of embarking
in this line of business, but on con?
sulting Mr. Edward Atkinson he told
me that the South could not compete
with the Northeastern States and
their skilled labor?so I abandoned
the idea of going into the cotton mill
business. Others; however, were not
so easily deterred: as was I, and they
went ahead and today the South is
holding her own fn competition with
NfW England arod England in the
manufacturing of our staple into
cloth. The J. K. Orr Shoe Company
had much less showing for success in
the manufacturing of shoes, but with
indomitable energy and with eternal
perseverance, they have kept at work
making a good article, appealing to
our people to patronize a home insti?
tution, until they have now an envia?
ble success, and d<* a business whose
volume would do credit to any North?
ern business concern. Taking up the
Si >gan?"Made in Atlanta" they have
made this a household word in. ill
cnton growing States. Other marra
fnrturlng enterprises seeing their suc?
cess have been encouraged to start
up imtil the recent panic of 1907 bas
been robbed of half of its "verrom"
and disaster so far as the State of
Georgia was concerned, by the people
femployed and the money retained in
the South through these home manu?
facturing institutions. We have nc
fight against foreign institutions?but
we are heart and soul for Southern
development?and this can only come
in ihe degree that it should through
the patronizing of home industries
and the sending abroad of Southern
products. We glory in the *'Made In
At'anta" spirit. This spirit should
not confine itself to the cities or the
factories. We need It upon every
farm. Each farm should be named
?and should send forth some product
to the consuming world stamped as
the "Red Seal Shoes," with the name
of this farm and carrying with It the
guarantee of high-class workmanship
and an individuality perculiarly its
own. We arc glad too of the reputa?
tion the Georgia peach and the Geor?
gia melon enjoys abroad. These an?
nually bring millions of dollars into
circulation in our borders. We coufl
grow other crps equally remunera?
tive. We vant to do all in our power
to encourage the individual farmer to
take a pride in sending forth into the
markets of the world some product
of the highest class, bearing his
stamp as grown upon his farm or
raised upon his farm. We have al?
most an endless variety to choose
from. There is, the breeding of
horses, mules, cattle, hogs, sheep and
chickens. Then you can grow corn,
wheat, rye, barley, hay, cottonseed,
peaches apples, figs, grapes, berries,
melons, cantaloupes and peas for seed
of sale. Then you can make cream,
butter, honey, canned goods and pick"
les. We need not name them all. The
farm need not be simply a cotton
patch or a produce of cheap, raw pro?
ducts. The finer the product the bet?
ter tho price. The finished article
must always sell for more than the
unfinished one. The farm can also
be a factory and send forth products
commanding two profits?that on pro?
duction and that on manufacturing.
We need waking up along this line.
Our conoer tion of farming is too low.
Our skill upon the farm is entirety
inadequate We need more ambition
among our farmers to?1. Produce a
higher class of products. 2. To pro?
duce a greater variety; and 3. To
feel a pr:di in sending it out to ma ?
ktt as our very own, stamped wi h
cur .abor, our skill and our Individ?
uality. Tb-? editor fee 1c a special pr? le
Ir? each iVrkshlre ;>tg ho sends for.h
to raftotti sections t) better the I! ?nd
In that community. We feel a just
pride in each Jersey heifer we send
to be a blessing and a pet upon some
man's farm. Each time we sell a
Plymouth Rock cockerel to grace
some man's poultry yard?we feel that
same tangible virtue has gone forth
to better the world, and to make life
the more worth living. While down
In south Georgia recently we were
talking with a progressive farmer,
and we enjoyed hearing him tell with
praise of how a north Georgia farm?
er and one who advertises corn, had
sent him such fine specimens of the
variety that he advertised. We like
this. A farmer should feel a thrill of
joy In producing a fine specimen of
any article and a double sens*' of
pleasure In sending nothing Inferior
from hit farm to be placed upon the
markets of the world. To say "such
and such a thing" was grown upon
my farm or raised uporf my farm,
should constitute one of the farmer's
chief sources of pleasure. Let the
J. K. 0;r Shoe Company and ether
worthy manufacturing concerns co.i
tJr.ue their cry of "Made in Atlanta?
Me.de in the South," but for us and
our house let's have for our slogan,
"Made upon my Farm."?Southern
Cultivator, July 15.
NEW INVENTION.
Torpedo Can l>e Controlled by Wire
lees.
Think of calmly standing on the
seashore and by means of a p tall key
and no connecting wires being able to
annihilate an entire navy. This has
been rendered possible by the inven?
tion of a submerged torpedo propell?
ed and controlled by wireless electrici?
ty transmitted by the wireless method
?the work of Carl Abrahamson of
Sar, Diego, Ca!.
The invention is so simple that
they overlooked it so long. The pro?
pelling force is manipulated on the
same principle as the wireless tele?
graph. Electricity is transmitted from
aerial wires on shore to aerials sup?
ported by cork floate and connected
with the propeller wheel of the tor
ped which is submerged A current
powerful enough to sen'1 a sixteen
foot torpedo, of the type used b/ the
American navy, through the water at
a speed of 32 miles an hour can be
transmitted, says the inventor.
Control of the device Is secured by
magnets set on each side of the pro?
peller and connected with the steer?
ing gear. These magnets are of dif?
ferent degrees of sensitiveness and
are susceptible to varying degrees of
power in electric currents. The steer?
ing is thus made possible by a varia?
tion In the amount of power sent to
the torpedo.?From "Weird Feata of
Wireless," in the August Technical
Magazine. t
The lofty soul is often best mani?
fested in the lofty service.
r
96 Sheets
Linen Paper
50 Linen
Envelopes
O'DONNELL 6 CO.
Vacation Sale of
PAPER AND
ENVELOPES.
A Limited Quantity Only!
O'Donnell* Co.
v.
Lime, Cement,
Shingles, Laths, Acme Plaster, Fire Brick,
Drain and Sewer Pipe, Building Material of
all Kinds, Cow, Hog and Chicken Feed,
Hay, Grain, Horses?**Mules.
Buggies, Wagons and Harness. Wholesale
and Retail. :: :: :: :: :: ::
??
BEST LIVERY IN SUMTER.
SUMTER, SC.
?MIKKIHI1II1IHMMHHIHHMHMI
? TT T K receive every few days by express an assortment JJ
X Nunnaly's Fine Candies, in all size boxes. M
m =====
There is none better.
H Telephone 283
M
m
SWEAT'S DRUG STORE.
W. W. SIBERT.
8 S. Mill St. ?
?