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$|)t (ftLudjmiui an) Soulbron. "S?T??OAY, FCtllUARY 27. I9S9. The Sumter Watchman was found ad in Hat and the True Southron In life. The Watchman and Southron bow haa the combined circulation and tnHaenee of both of the old papera. aad la manlfeatly the best advertialng medium In Sumter. The man who can forecast accurate? ly what the legislature will do with the prohibition question would be a au re-enough prophet. ? "a ? Cm It be true that Carnegie la final e ng President Rooeevelt* hunt law trip to Africa? Tbia would be an undignified proceeding tor an ex president but it would be lean of? fensive than for the cost of his plea? sure trip to be taxed up against the 8mithaonlan Institute. ? ? ? If Senator Otbi faila to get hi* tftate-wtde bill through the Senate he taay aa well reconcile himself to the aad fart that John Richards la the big i tolas In prohibition circles. ? ? ? In Mr. Dlckson. of Tennessee. Mr. Taft haa secured u Democrat for his cabinet whose democracy will not be aggbarreasing. A Democrat who does not vote with bis party Is pretty good timber for a Republican cabinet. ? ? ? Wore it not for the persistence of the i.,nor men who are still trying to collect what the old State dispen? sary owes them we could almost for? got that there had ever been a great moral InstltuUon and that a ce'tafn candidate forfAttorney General pled? ged himself to put atrlpea on the dis? pensary grafter. ? ? ? Hunter needs cement aide walks far mor< than It does an imposing and coat I*.- office building for city offlrlala. possessing as it does a fifty thousand dollar city hall; and Just as soon as the city can get the money It is pled? ged o psy one half the cost of ce? ment pavements that property own? ers <n the principal afreets have al *?ady put down or will pit down v ien ther* Is some prospect of the y paying Its pro rata of the cost. Dl MOCRATIC HOUSE IN 1910. Mryski rorocaata Victory for Ills Party la Next House of Represent aU.es, I New York. Feb. 23.?Widespread II -.erost among politicians haa been .)rooted b/ an article by William Jen? nings Bryan in the March number of Niamey's Magaslne. entitled "The Fu i re of the Democratic party." Mr. yan in bta paper carefully analyxea y e political conditions of the present d\jr, discussing the policies of his rty at length It la more than possible?It is svsn probable." he declare*, "th-.t the ? ue?> of representatives to he elected 1910 will be Democratic Hojnding a word of warn in; to t re*!dent-elect Taft, he continues: "The president-elect canr ot possi? bly natlsfy the expectation of both ele? ment* of tne Republican party. With g Republican aenste and a Republi? can hoste controls! by what Mr. RooaeveH calls reactionaries ho* can he eocape conflict either with the Re? publican leider?? or with the Rep ibll can vo'ers ot tie- Mississippi Valley." In rilftcuwlng the tendency toward reform legislation. Mr. Bryan says: "The Democratic party I? In sym? pathy with the growing demand for fsjjudlal legislation; It Is therefore rowing with the lids, for the tide la award. Democrat* I ..nixing the reapor*'blllty of their position, and strong in the. confidenco they feel In the righteousness of their cause, are prepared to wage a winning fight against an opposition already panic stricken ' Influential Democrats declare Mr. Bryan's article to be the m? it Impor? tant political paper printed alnce the election of Mr. Taft laat November. ?.I V MIX WlH K HEM.S ENTVTE Ur.r l*1siitatlon In (;eorgetoivn, o \\ ttk-h Cleveland M?nte?!. Changes Hassan, Georgetown. Feb. IS.?The largest hind sale transacted in tbla County in many years wan cloned at a late hour Saturday night, when the property of Oen. B. P. Alexsnder. comprising 15. eeS acres sf land on the Santee river aad tl.e ocean, was deeded over to Mr. J. L. Wheeler, a north-? n capi? talist, now a resident of Marlon. 0, C. who is the owner of very v iluable mining properties hi t'njmda Th" purchase price wan $125.000. SEVEN PWSEX.EItS PEHISII. Terrible Wrcvk on the Pennnvlvaiila In Delaware Wilmington. Del.. Feb gg men were killed or burned to gee til early today In a bead-on collision be tween an gflagagf and two ba-oinotlv.* on the Delaware dlvNIon ?f the Pennnylvanla railroad at DelgMaf, one hundred miles south of this city. Two para wer * Injured. Farmers' Union News ?AND ? Practical Thoughts for Practical Farmers (Conducted by K. W. Dabbs, President Fanners' Union of Sumter County.) The Watchman and Southron having decided to double its service by semi-weekly publication, would Improve that service by special features. The flr.Jt to be inaugurated is this Department for the Farmers' Union and Practical Farmers which I have been requested to conduct. It will be my aim to give the Union news and oflleial calls of the Union. To that end officers, and members of the Union are requested to use these columns. Also to publish such clippings from the agricultural papers and Govern? ment Bulletins as I think will be of practical benefit to our readers. Ori? ginal articles by any of our readers telling of their successes 'or failures will be appreciated and published. Trusting this Department will be of mutual benefit to all concerned, THE EDITOR. All communications for this Department should be sent to E. W. Dabbs, siayesvllle, S. C. The Manure Spreader Not Vet Ap- the North rich from the cottonseed predated. i meal sold there for feed, while our ????? j lands have become too poor to make "Before getting a spreader most of j a crop till again galvanized into ac ihe articles I read in their favor j ilvlty, not life by more fertilizer, looked like over-drawn pictures; but '? ? ? ? now, considering the value of man- | Shall we then abandon the use Of ere and how the spreader so com- commercial fertilizers? By no means, pletety shreds and evenly spreads it, J They furnish the most readily avail making two loads worth as much as able means for the restoration of the three and changing manure hauling lost humus?when used to promote from despised drudgery to the choice Job for the boys, und enabling them to be ahead with their work and grow larger and better crops, I can say I never read an article that came more than half way up to my present estimation of their value." I wish to indorse the above para? graph. The possession of a manure spreader adds to the desire to save manure. Ths permanent enrichment of our soil by ths use of animal man? ures, thereby changing the mechani? cal as well as chemical condition of the soli, Is one of the objects we ought to keep In view. The day of throwing out exhausted land and clearing new Und has passed, we trust, for the good of the country. E. W. D. Manure and Fertilizers. The burden of most of the letters I get from Southern farmers is, "How much and what sort of fertilizer to use" for this, that, or the other crop. The Southern cotton farmers are kept poor, while the fertilizer manu? facturers get rich, because of the en? tire dependence of the farmers on commercial fertilizers. I have for more than thirty years been urging on the farmers the wastefulness of the practice, and have been trying to .?.how them that by practicing a good rotation of crops, growing legume forage, exhanging their cotton seed for meal and hulls, they can increase .nd maintain the productiveness of their land without the purchase of an ounce of nitrogen in a fertilizer. This has been demonstrated in the evper ???nee of many of the best farmers In ti i wheat-growing sections of M i v .in.I l here they have gent rails inloned the purchase of any fer? tilizer except plain acid phosphate n.l p >tash. god this only for their main crop of wheat, no fertilizer be? ing bought for any other crop. And yoti while they haw 04 en doing this twenty or snore ream, tin y have j ? n their lunds go ap from 1"> bus be'.a of wheat per acre to 40 Of more jshr's. and their oom crops from 40 bushels to 7."? DUShfls D01 acre. Hut these farmers grow clover and ! now requires Other hgumes and faad stock and K'^sive Farmer, make manure, and as I have often aald. stock feeding in some form lies at the very foundation of all success? ful farming, no matter what the money crop may be. aas the growth of the crops which feed the .soil and feed the stock, add nitro? gen to the soil, and give us the hu? mus-making manure, which year af? ter year will maintain the fertility of the soil and gradually make the farmer independent of the fertilizer trust, the merchant and the money lender. I would not wish for one moment to be understood as advising the abandonment of commercial fertili? zers. In fact, I am in favor of their more liberal use, and know that thou? sands of farmers are losing money by merely putting in a couple of hun? dred pounds of the 8?2?2 to make a little more cotton. Increasing the humus content in the soil, and there? fore enabling it to retain moisture for the solution of the fertilizers, will enable the farmer to use a larger amount profitably. a ' e s But what I do insist upon is, that where a farmer works his land in a good rotation, uses phosphoric acid and potash liberally to promote the greater production of the legumes, and feeds his cottonseed meal and roughage to stock, he has never any need for paying 20 cents per pound for nitrogen in a low-grade fertilizer The nitrogen costs as much in these low grade fertilizers as the rest of the plant food in them, so he can for the same money buy much more of the acid phosphate, basic slag or floats, and potash, and can use these far more liberally. No matter how liberally you apply phosphoric acid and potash, there Is no danger that they will get away from you as the nitrogen is sure to do, for the soil w ill hold on to these till some plant calls for them. Degume crops fed to stock, and the growth of the legumes Increased by liberal applications Of phosphates and potash, will give us manure, and manure will Increase the humus in the soil, and the soil once stocked with humus, and the rotation adhered to, will make our lands rich and productive, and while growing big crops of corn, oats and wheat, we can grow cotton at half the cost it Prof. Massey in Pro ARE VOC BAYING THIS MONEY? The Minnesota Station found thai in a rotation with legume crops for ten years, and no fertilizers bought, but the manure used from the feed? ing of the legumes, the land had 300 pounds per acre more nitrogen in It than when the rotation started. On the cotton lands of the South where men grow cotton year after year on the same land, and dribble in a little commercial fertilizer bought on credit at a big price, the ten years would sh<?w that the land Is far poorer not F.very Horse You Own I*rodueos $27 Worth of Manure a Year and Ev? ery Cow $2:1.20 Worth ?r property Handled?Don't Lose Half or It by Lettin,. It Heat or Drain Away. Commercial fertilizers have proven themselves of great value and are destined to play even a greater part In our farm economy, but It is only when used as supplement! to the home product that this will be so. it is only when used with green manure and barnyard manure that the most permanent Improvements can be ac? complished. It therefore, behooves only In nitrogen but In all forms of ' the farmers of the South to give more Plant food, and the farmers are as attention to the conservation of farm pour as when the ten years began, manure. The small value frequently The uplands of the South, which have refilled from the use of barnyard for a long period been worked in cot- manure arises from the fact that it ion only, have fOCOiat literally dead | was not properly saved and handled soils. They are dead because the hu-] and the manure had lost the greater mus that is the home of the bacteria j Pfft of Its plant food. If the manure UM living millions of minute plante ? allowed to heat, a large quantity Of tb.ii wmk In the Interest of tin* farm? er, has been used up and burnt out, and |fca bacteria have been starved out. Fertilizers simply furni b plant food In a readily avail table form( and old nothing eis?- |0 the SOU, There will be no lire In the old dead soil till means are used for the r?sto:u I eg of the humus, the home and food of the bacteria. Tin- Southern cotton fields grs tnnklng the old fields of BurODS and the nitrogen is driven off into tin at? mosphere. On the other hand, if the manure is left exposed to the elements, the uiiter from rains easily and rapidly b at lies OUt the folublc plant food So In order to get the most Valuable manure, these sources of loss must be avoided. There are several ways Of accomplishing this. Probably the best plan, where It Is practicable, is i i haul the manure direct to the land and plow It in. Again, especially with horse manure, etc., it is good to al? low the manure to remain in the stable, using plenty of litter. The ani? mals tramp it down, thus excluding air, and as it is kept dry, it will ke-^p with practically no loss. The litter used in bedding is not only of value itself as a fertilizer, hut serves to ab? sorb all liquids and prevent their loss. If not practicable to pursue either of these methods, then a cheap shed can be provided and the manure stored in It until ready for use. There is one precaution that must be observed when the shed is used, and especially if the droppings from the horses pre? dominate. Under these circum? stances, the manure is apt to heat. This should be avoided by dampening It Commercial fertilizers do not add vegetable matter, do not start soil fer menation, and do not correct mechan? ical defects of the ?oil. A ton of well-preserved manure from a well fed horse contains about 9.8 pounds of nitrogen, 5.2 pounds of phosphoric acid. 9.6 pounds of potash?plant food that would cost $2.21 bought as commercial fertilizer. A horse weigh? ing one thousand pounds will produce about twelve ton; of manure per year, and this manure is consequent? ly worth 7.6c per day, or about $27 per year. The manure from the av? erage cow is worth 6.5c per day, or 128.20 per year.?Dr. Seaman A. Knapp in Progressive Farmer. ADVICE TO THE GROWERS. President Taylor of Hie Glnnors' As? sociation Talk.-. Sense. President J. A. Taylor of the Na? tional Glnnors1 association, has just issued the following letter to the cotton growers: "A year ago I strongly urged yoj to reduce the acreage in cotton an! grow more feedstuffs. It seems from the acreage report last year that only a part of the growers reduced their acreage, and in some sections a small increase was shfAvn. The result has been about as I predicted, the lowest prices we have had for several years. It now looks as if the crop will bring around $550,000,000, or o<er $50, 000,000 less than last year's crop, which was nearly 2,000,000 bales smaller; and taking the cost of grow? ing the extra 2,000,000 bales, it means a loss to the South of over a hundred million dollars. "The time has arrived when you must decide on the acreage of this season. I strongly urge you to reduce your acreage in cotton at least 10 per cent, and raise more grain and hay so you will be more independent at marketing time. When the spinner is assured there is enough cotton grown to supply his needs, he is very independent and will only buy at cheap prices. With a possibility of a shortage, he is a very eager buyer. "While the consumption for 'the first half of the cotton year ending March 1st will likely be a little less than half the crop, the consumption the last half will be very much larger, so that we will likely have about the same visible supply that we had last lea Son, so that WS should raise next season at least a million bales lest than the consumption in order to get good prices for it. "NOW. don't think that every one else will rsdUCS and you can plant more and get a big price, for that U what too many of you did last sea? son. It will take a uniform reduction in order to get the proper results. You should only plant enough so that with the most favorable condition* the crop would not exceed 12,500,000, and then i? weather conditions reduce the yield to 11,000,000 you will get more money for it than If you raised 12,500,000. "I hope that every merchant read? ing this article will call his farmer customers' attention to it and urge reduction. It is the extra hundred million dollars the cotton crop brings that makes trade good through the South. I suggest that meetings be held in every school house in the South Saturday, March 7th, so that uniformity of action may be taken." THE DISPENSARY CASE. Several Other Matters Ilcforc the U. S. Supreme Court May Cause Slight Delay. Washington, Feb. 23.?Appear? ances now indicate that the lawyers, including Attorney General Lyon, his associates, Messrs. Stevenson, Roun tree and Abney and a number of at? torneys for the liquor interests will have to remain here all this week and into next before they will get a hearing before the Supreme Court on the dispensary case. They arrived here last night and were at the Su? preme Court today, but, in addition to a number Of decisions which had to be read, they learned that several cases were down for hearing before the dispensary case. Bishop Ouerry has written Dr. Meli, accepting the invitation extend? ed to him by the faculty of Clsmson college tO deliver the baeealaureat sermon on commencement Sunday this year. TO CALL WORLD'S CONFERENCE. Hoosevelt Sturts International servation Movement. Con Washington, Feb. 19.?So thor? oughly impressed is President Roose? velt with the necessity for the con? servation of the national resources of the world that he today directed Sec? retary of Sttite Bacon, at the sugges? tion of the North American Conser? vation Conference in session here, to extend a formal invitation to foreign powers to participate in an interna? tional conference to deal with thisl Coast lane, had one foot crushed Sat Oftirerw Fleeted. A meeting of the board of dir^ct?jr? of the Sumter Trust and Mortgage Company was held great relay aft :? noon for the purpose of electing of? fice; s. The following oJ&csra wvt4 chosen to serve during the ensuing year: Pr?sident? R. L Manning: vice prss idcMt, Muri )?: ICe!se; Secretary and treasurer. Perry aToser;. Jr.; Attor? neys. D. D. IXoisa 1*4 L C. Strauss. Mr. Sid Celllae. fireman on th<? Bishopville branch of the Atlantic important problem to be held at The Hague next September. All of the forty-five nations represented at The Hague Peacs Conference will be in? vited to participate. The announcement of this proposed international gathering was made by President Roosevelt following a luncheor:, which he today, gave in honor of the commissioners from this country, Canada and Mexico, who are in attendance upon the North Ameri? can Conservation Conference. In ad? dition Ambassador Bryce, of Great Pritain, Senator Knox and others were present.' Senator Knox, who is to be secretary of state in^Mr. Taft s cabinet, and upon whom will devolve the duty of furthering the movement, is in hearty sympathy with the idea of a world's conference. urday afternoon at Bishopville while attempting to get aboard his engine. He was brought to the Sumter Hospi? tal for treatment and it was found that his foot was so seriously injured that amputation was aecaesarjr. He is do? ing as well as could be expected in the circumstances. Peach, pear and plum trees are in blossom and the outlook for a fruit crop this year is not good. STRAYED?From my premises one dark bay horse mule, on Tuesday. Finder please return to Marion Moise. 2-23-lt. FOR SALE?One extra fine roller top desk. Two first-class steel ranges, 1 couch, two refrigerators. Alt cheap. W. T. Rowland. 2-26-lt It is announced that arrangements have been perfected by which com? panies A, B, C and D, comprising the Carolina Nalional Guard, twenty-five officers and 2SO men, with Liuet. Col. Cogswell commanding, will attend the inauguration of President Taft and take part in the parade. MONEYMAKER COTTON, improved by T. J. Kirven makes one-third more than any other variety with same expense. Seed 50 cts per bushel; if sacked and shipped. 53 cts. bushel. T. J. Kirven, Provi? dence, S. C. 2-10-lm Chicago, 111., Feb. 21.?Isham Ran? dolph, one of the seven engineer*, who accompanied President-elect Taft to the Panama Canal Zone, to day said that he could see no reason why the Par.ama Canal should not be completed by 1914, one year earlier than the time generally set for com? pletion. r NOTICE. Estate of W. C. Dana Stiles, deceased. All persors having claims against said Estate, will present them duly attested, and all in any wise indebted to said Estate will kindly settle same with, WILLIAM C. STILES, Administrator. 2-15?W &. S?4t. NOTICE. All persors having claims against the Estate of Mrs. Maude McBride E'abbs, deceased, will present their claims duly attested, and all persons indebted to the same will make pay? ment to E. W. DABBS, Qualified Executor. 2-17-W & S. 4t. E. J. a W. K. DUNNE, ARCHITECTS. Plans end Specifications for all Clashes of Buildings. Personal attention given the Supervision of all Work. Law Range ephone 390. Sumter, S. C. 60 YEARS' EXPERIENCE Patents TRADC MAHIIU Designs Copyrights Ac. Anyone sending s sketch and description rosy qutckly ascertain our opinlou free whether an iiiTcntlon Is probably pai*"J?ble. Communica? tions strictly conflden'lab HANDBOOK on Patents seta free. Oldest acency for securliigpatenta. Patent? taken tbr< ugh Muun & Co. recelre tptclcU notice., without charge, in the Scientific American. A handsomely Illustrated weekly. IJinrest cir? culation of an? Potentine Journal. Terms, fa a year: four months, I - Sold by ail newsdealers. MUNN&Co.38'*"**'- New York Branch Offlco, 625 If 8U Washington. P.C. aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa ? a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a E. P. REED LOW SHOES FOR UtiitS JUST RIGHT LOW SHOES FOP. MEN O'DONNELL 6 COMPANY We take pleasure in announcing the arrivals of our new Spring and Summer line of the Celebrated E. P. Reed Low Shoes for Ladies, and the Just Right Low Shoe for Men. 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