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WATChTMAX. lbtaeb ?IT [datea Aag. 8.188 ani Soutbron. asbnyy W< ??Y? MMLItHINfi COMPANY ?tTfTMR, & C. tor annum?la advance, irtisrlbneniinia: Hrw insertion.il.tt mnertion.50 lor ferne months, or ho loll at reduced retee. Mm which tub fe will ho charged 1% and trlbutee of Men to Areost ?Joow h?An effort, which Hhely to inscnd, will ho mads eeesten of ths Uglslature con ?oat wash to curt soms rathsr dofotta In tho| present arson Which are Having the prosecution of [ uy mo caee Omaaftaslonar hi to have Investigated; In two Important case* ' /else hp*ti?te county the gang at sow ha log stayed, al evMuniaa baa been gathered to moot serious eirmee. It ?hat the* ttf'le so con thnt a man may burn his with criminal Intent, law as power tees to touch he la ye his hands on the money, and then he may prone anted for the union Itelf, ihj^tor fraud, le other benu Indictineuy for attll not lie against one so? nny buslnose build th|n the statutory ? V 4 person found flu nn Isolated 1 hut may be the s>e?ttteat!ery for life, nereon oaog'it setting f-enillton dollar otnce hundreds of rm*^*x** only for nHec.iW?f. Oae u( th^ ca?* htld In auapense has to a prominent man accused of fire to s three-story business on the principal street of ring up-state city, to cover up a In his accounts. The aolloi stopped the arrest because he that the law would allow prose - only fir melhlou* mischief. Other ha* to deal with a man horn a strong chain of clr UMial evidence has been forged >ve that he fired hie store for irpose of collecting Insurance tan times as much as the le of 'the property destroy? er* ol It. It. Commission. h proofs of the forthcoming report of the railroad corn are out today. The "recom ,ons" are brief, being em ln one short paragraph, as would repeat the recommon submitted by us In our last I report In that report we tended, and would again urge, i) counsel be provided for the Ion; that an Inepector of be properly provided for, let an annual appropriation be to enable the commission to ly represent the State In ap for red res* before the Interstate ?Joe commission. In order to 9$m an effh irnt secretary, whose IP* Important duties require no ry salon and an Immense lit ??f Jjfbor, we woul I urge lo? in the present salary for this ?n from 41.350 to at least $1,800. ium b) necessary to secure and a competent and suitable man place." VFfOllXI Y i.F>Klt\l. HIIOT AT. i*jL I4!u*? nttxl in imrk at mate's jSiniM slQT in Night Hide* Trial. Bp Ion < !tv. Tenn , Jan. 2.?An at npt to as*as?dnate Attorney Oeneral afwfll waa made at ?:I0 o'clock lo sjbt near hi* home here. He was tlpw?d fiom the depot by a man. vg ihot ?tc him twice as he noarcd 4'hi me. Union City le not well html, and s? the man ran firing the ate the Attorney General could not -jph* aase I lent A little behind the '.piracy Gene*aJ was the local As stand Freses correspondent, who igt iwloe at the would-be murder but missed him. t alarm was eiwUd and a cordon of soldiers snd pose of dt Isens searched the nstgh rhood. but without avail. A delegation of cltleens from An eeon will call on President-elect ft in Augusta Jan. 14. i 1 Vahr. ?.|f.ey k?kw' ?t 4 %%^M .I'll ?bed April, ISM). 'Be Just an _^_ 1._SUMTE] RELIEF WORK PROGRESSING FIRES STILL BURNING IN SMIT? TEN ITALIAN TOWN'S. Death* Number Over 200,000? ReUef Work of Government Be? ginning Co Tell, Though Hundreds of Thousands are Destitute. Rome, Jan. 1.?What chiefly con* oems the government and the people Is the progress that Is bslng made to werde the relief of those who have suffered by the dreadful earthquake In southern, Italy and Sicily. Consid? erable advdnce In this respect has been made at Messina, where, accord? ing to official reports received here the supply service Is beginning to work satisfactorily. The different re? gions on the coast have been allotted to various warships and other ships as centres from which to reach other beam, and launches convey and dis? tribute rations and water to the dif? ferent villages. The minister of justice has wired from Messina to Premier Giollttl that largo bodies of troons have arrived and are now occupying all parts of the towns. The appalling extent of the disaster renders anything like a systematic search of the ruins impos? sible, hot persons are being dragged out all day long and are quickly trans? ported to the relief ships as soon as thtlr wounds have received atten? tion. There were slight shocks felt In the earthquake none today, completing the ruin of the crumbling buildings. These shocki are contributing to the alarm of th? population. One quite severe shock was felt at t o'clock In the morning and another at night, Fires are si 111 burnlng> although much rain1 has fallen. The latest Investigations on both sides of the straits make it certain that many more than half of the pop? ulation of tha coast towns and villages have been killed. Prof. Blcco, direc? tor of the observatory at Mount Aetna, estimates that the victims of the earthquake exceed 100.000. Hundreds of dangerous criminal? hgve haW arrested by the troops and are under close guard. Great relief was felt here when ttu announcement was made that the Li? ps rl Islands, which were reported to have disappeared with their popula? tion of 28.000, suffered little or no damagesge from the earthquake. Public opinion is seriously concern? ed with regard to the safety of the king and queen and the possible dan? ger from tottering walls. The king frequently has tried to persuade the queen to rest or return to Rome, but she always refuses, declaring that It would break her heart to abandon her husband in his labors \ for the I country In its anguish. \ New Year's day in Italy Is Usually the occasion of festivities and rejoic? ing as widespread as on Christmas Imposing ceremonies are celebrated in the churches where the people crowd to give thanks for past mercies and to implore still further mercies for the new year. The king spends his day receiving greetings from the for? eign diplomats, his ministers and offi? cials of state; the pope admits privi? leged hundreds to histmass and dur? ing the remainder of the day receive* good wishes. But these ceremonies and the festal spirit were wanting to? day. Instead of rejoicing Rome Iff filled with lamentations, pictured on the countenance of all Is grief for the destruction of two b -autlful regions of the mother country where thou sands now He dead. The flags wave at half mast and the bells of a thou? sand churches ring, not for the "Te Deuro," hut toll sad knells for re? qulem masses. Reports from all parts of Italy Indi? cate aagenerous spirit In aiding the stricken. The king has placed the royal palaces at Naples and Caserta at the disposal of* the Injured. Plnccss Yolanda, the 7-year-old daughter of the king, having had the reason explain? ed, carried about a contribution box among her little friends at a party given In her honor at the Quirenal this afternoon. She* put In the box her tiny gold ring, which was given to her on Christmas by her grand* mother, Dowager Queen Margarita: her younger sister, Princess Mafalda gave a gold chain, while Prince Um? berto, the heir apparent, who Is now 4 years old, contributed a beadles* doll. As an Instance of his quick grasp of the situation. King Victor Emman? uel, soon after his arrival at Messina, wired to Premier Giollttl to send ships loaded with quicklime. So far as has been possible quicklime has been need on the dead; many bodies have been burned and others burled. In the relief work the officers and men of the foreign warships have been untiring and their courage le beyond d Fear not?Let all the ends Thon A in R. S. G . WEDNESDi words. The crew of the British crui? ser Drake gave up everything they possessed for the benefit of the refu? gees, and practically forgot rest and sleep for more than 36 hours In their devotion to duty. Reports are published that it is the king's intention to sell his property In Sicily and devote the proceeds to the assistance of the sufferers. It is also stated that the pope will suppress the dioceses of Messina and Reggio, adding them to Catania and Catan saro, respectively. A dispatch from Catania says that it !s proposed to build a new suburb to that city and christen It Messina, quartering thero In all the survivors of the fallen city. NICARAUGTJA GOES TO WAR? Report That an Invasion of Honduras New Orleans, La., Jan. 8.?The Times-Democrat publishes today a story based on reports received from Central America, which are to this effect: "Nicaragua Is marching troops .from the frontier into the vicinity of Cho luctrea, Honduras, to overthrow the government of Miguel Davllla, Presi? dent of Honduras. It is reported that the Nlcaraguan, Dr. Arras, has re? cently received almost .140,000 In army supplies, medicines,' etc., ship? ped by secret agents of Zelaya In this city, and that all preparations are be? ing made for n long'campaign. "The Informants of the Times Democrat stated that It was generally understood that the revolution was a four-cornered affair, with the Hqn duran malcontents attacking the Ze? laya forces, backed by supplies and men from Salvador. It is also al? leged that the Guatemalan Gov? ernment had supplied men and arms." The consular representatives in New Orleans of the Governments concern? ed deny any knowledge of the move? ment reported. SENATOR TILLMAN'S ADDRESS. Compulsory Education Law Opposed ] n Remarks Before the Stute Teachers. Columbia, Jan. 2.?Senator Tillman last night delivered an address before the State Teachers' association, in which he opposed the passage of a compulsory education law. Senator Tillman held that the passage of this law would give the negro the same chance for an education as the white people and therefore, although he be? lieved In education, he felt that the situation confronting the people of the South was such that such a law should not be passed on account of the danger to the white people. Passing on to the address by Mr. Taft in which the president-elect stat? ed that he would break the solid South, the senator dwelt on this as the promise of negro equality and the threat that with federal offices he would buy off the influence and opin? ion and principle of the South and thus create a Republican party. The address was listened to with closest attention and at times ap? plauded. BEACH HARGI8 RELEASEED. Court Directs That He Be Granted Freedom on Bail in the Sum of $25,000. Irvine, Ky., Jan. 1.?Beach Hargis, charged with the murder of his fath? er, former Judge James Hargis, was ordered released on $25,000 ball to? day by Judge J. P. Adams, the Jury at the first trial of the defendant hav? ing disagreed. Mvs. Louellen Hargis, widow of Judge Hargis and mother of his slay? er, n id her two brothers, Floyd and John Day of Johnson, will sign the fond on Monday. A number oi Wealth?- citizens of Estlll county also will sl?n it. Young Hargis will be re? leased that day. SVICTDE IN ANDERSON. Anderson County Farmer, Aged (10 Years, Cuts Ills Throat?No Cause Assigned for Rash Aet. Anderson, Jan. News reached the city today of a suicide which oc eurred In the northern section of Oarvln township, near the Plckens county line, yesterday. Mr. W. A Young, a white man about 60 years old, with apparently no reason except that he was tired of life, slashed his throat with a razor and was found by members of his family a short dis? tance from the house gasping for breath. He was taken into the Into the house and died within a short time. Mr. Young was a farmer and last year aws a tenant on thrt planta? tion of Dr. W. A. Trip**. Has Been Begun. . all ft I Hfl at be thy Country's, Thy God's an k.y. January 6,19c LEAKS IN FARMERS CRUST. THIS IS BASIS OF PROF. SEE'S THEORY OF SEISMIC PHE- j NOMEN A. Old Idea of Volcanic Origin of Quake* Now Displaced, Contends Mare Island Expert. New York, Dec. 30.?The New York Sun today prints" the following ar? ticle: According to a report rfom Rome "the Straits of Messina have shifted materially*' and the "geography" of Southern Italy has been changed by the earthquake. As Prof. j. T. T. See*, of the Mare Island Observatory, writes* "magnificent experiments are cote stantly going on In the great labora? tory of nature." He contends that there Is a constant leakage of Water through the bed of the ocean in places?that is to say, through the earth'B crust, resulting in earthquakes and Wal waves. In explaining his theory Prof. See asys: "If we admit on the basis of expe? rimental evidence that water can pen? etrate thin layers of granite the ques? tion naturally arises: Can it also pen* eirate a layer of . granite 15 or 20 miles thick? It seems obvious that it can, because for small or moderate pressures water Is nearly Incompres? sible and would .not sensibly increase in density If it went down into the globe. The fluid which passed through the upper layer of granite would therefore keep on descending, under the Increasing fluid pressure from above, and at length the whole layer would be saturated and per? spiring below with a steady leakage which would give rise to tremendous steam power In the underlying molten rock. Thus great stresses due to slow accumulation of steam would develop In the layer Just beneath the crust and this would givu rise to earth? quakes and mountain formation." V Thls theory that the source of earth? quakes is the bed of ti?e sea and that the water leaking into and coursing under the crjist of the earth is con vr'f ? Into st'^'M ???at s ;.re: rends the surface ap;ug wherever it rinds a vent or wherever the crust is thin and porus is not new, although Prof. Pee Is its most industrious and able advocate. It is opposed to the volcanic origin of earthquakes and to rh^- theory that they result from the sub*ldenoe of the earth's crust where there Is a fault. In his work on "Seismology" Prot. Milne, a great authority, says tliat an analysis of some 10,000 observa? tions in Japan shows that by far great? er number of earthquakes originated beneaih the ocean or along the .sea? board, "and as they ladiated in'anJ thhy became more and more feeble Until on reaching the backbone of the country, which is drilled by numerous volcanic vents, they were almost im? perceptible." Prof. Milne gives the following in? scription of a topography where earth? quakes and tidal waves are likely to occur: "Districts where earthquakes, often followed by submarine disturbances are most frequent are regions like *.he northeast portion of Japan and the South American coast, between Val? paraiso and Iquique. Here we have n double folding. The seabed, a? it approaches the shore line, instead of rising gradually, sinks downward to form a trough parallel to the coast after which it rises to culronlato ir mountain ranges. The South Ameri? can trough, which lies within 50 or 60 miles off the coast, like the Tus carora deep off Japan, attains depths of over 4,000 fathoms, and the bot? toms of these double folds are well known origins of earthquakes and see, waves." To recur to Prof. See, be observes that "999 In 1.000 parts of the vapors emitted by volcanoes are steam, as if produced by the leakage of the oceans, near which the volcanic vents are al? ways situated." The tremendous up? ward force of the steam in volumes Inconceivable has in the past torn the earth's crust apart and hurled It Into mountain ranges. Prof. Milne, in a lecture before the Royal Society on March 12, 1906, stated that the chief seismic region lay "on the westward suboceanic frontier of the American and the eastern frontier of the Asiatic continents ? * * and on a band passing from the West Indies through the Mediterranean to the I Himalayas." The seismologists therefore will not be surprised to hear that the "geog j raphy"?that is to say, the earth sur? face, of Southern Italy has been changed by the recent convulsions, and tliat the Straita of Messina have been shifted by a submarine earth? quake. d Truth's." Tin: tru. ?9 Sew Serie MISS NANCE RESIGNS. - Efficient President of ural Improve ment Association, Declines Re-Elec? tion. Columbia, Jan. 2.?Miss Mary T. Nance yesterday announced her resig? nation as president of the South Car? olina School Improvement association. The announcement came as a surprise and shock to not only the members of the association but to the educa? tors who had gathered in the ?enate chamber to attend the business session of the association. Miss Nance an? nounced tat on account of personal reasons necessitating her preserce at .her home she would be compelled to [give up the active work connected ffVith the presidency, and although twice nominated for the place over her protests the members of the as? sociation finally saw that she would not again assume charge of the work. Miss Nance's record In this depart? ment Is too well known to those who have followed educational work to need reviewing. She has constantly pushed the rural school work and school Improvement work and as a result, with the assistance of many who took similar interest, she hsis or? ganized every county In the State and there is hardly a district In which im? provement has not been shown as a result of her efforts. After the resig? nation of Miss Nance had been re? ceived the following officers were elected for the year: Miss Theodore Dargan. Stateburg, president; Miss D. N. Walker of Thomas, vice president; Miss Lizzie Rogers, Bennettsvllle, recording sec? retary; Miss Laura Betbea, Latta, cor? responding secretary; Miss Elsie Rudd, Saluda, treasurer. It was decided to assess each coun ly association $1 per annum fcr the benefit of the association. The fol? lowing resolution was then adopted before adjournment: "Resolved, That the thanks of the South Carolina School Improvement association be tendered the officer* i and executive1 committee and spclallyj our president, Miss Mar* T. Nance, for the'r unselfish devotion^ to the v\orK "i Civt.- asbdciation; *o oa. re? tiring State superintendent of educa? tion, O. B. Martin, for his help and encouragement throughout his term of office, and to his excellency Gov. Ansel for his interest and presence; to the local executive committee and Misses Nance and Selby for arranging so pleasing ai*d instructive a pro? gramme; to the speakers who so readily responded to the invitation of the executive committee, thus con? tributing so greatly^ to the success of the meeting, and to all who added pleasure with their delightful njusic; to the sergeant-at-arms for his cour tesies; to Mr. Smlthdeal and Miss Smithdeal for use of pianos and or? chestral musicT to Mr., Stork for use of plants and flowers, and to all who assisted In the decorations; to Dr. Griffith for his help and use of teams: to the Chamber of Commerce and to Dr. and. Mrs. A. C. Moore for the de? lightful reception tendered the asso? ciation; to the newspaper men for their courtesies and the generous use of their columns In helping to make the meeting the mcst successful in the history of the association. "Elise C. Rudd, "Caroline L. Dickinson. "Elizabeth Dominick." INCOME TAX LAW UPHELD. Judge Watts Sustains State Statut in Clarendon County Caan. Columbia, Jan. 2.?The constitu? tionality of the income tax law is sustained by the decision which Judge \Vatts was filed in the case of D. W. Alderman against the County Treasur? er of Clarendon. Mr. Aldt-rman. who is a wealthy lumber manufacturer of Clarendon at Alcolu, paid the Income tax under protest and sued for re? covery of the amount on the ground that the tax was unconstitutional. The case was argued for the County Treasurer by Assistant Attorney Cen? tral DeBruhl, and for Mr. Alderman by Chariton Durant. \ Bullet PierC-td Brain: Still Alive. Atlanta. Ga., Jan. I,? Conscious, al? though his brain is pierced With ? bullet. Norwood Graydon, ten-year-old son of State Senator W. N. Graydon, of Abbeville, South Carolina, is here tonight for an operation in the hope of saving his life. He was shot acci? dentally Thursday'with a toy rifle. The deepest hole In the world has been bored In Silesia. It has reached a depth of about 7,000 feet, and pass? es through 83 beds of coal. A man can't very well lose all his money and retain all his confidence In mankind.?New York Times. E SO?THRON, Established Jane, IS** ?s?Tsl. XXVIII. No 22 liElllMLIEFlttKO. -.-? ' # AMBASSADOR GRIHOOM CABLES: PLAN TO MEET EMERGENCY. Saggests, in a Message to Root, That a Ship or Ships be Oiartered ac Marseilles or Genoa and be Used to> Distribute Food, Clothing and Med? ical Supplies?There is No Time to> Wait for Battle Fleet or Naval Sup? ply Ships?Relief Measures Vor* Difficult. ] Washington, Jan. 3.?To assist the* j American people in their efforts to> I extend relief to the stricken Italian earthquake sufferers, Secretary Root has made public a cablegram receiv? ed today from Ambassador Griseom pre? senting the first feasible plan of meet? ing the present great emergncy. There I? no time to spare in awaiting the arrival on the scene of distress of battleships now in the Sues Canal, or of the naval supply ships crossing the> Atlantic. The need for help> is immediate, and how that help cars be rendered is told in the cablegram, dated at Rome, which follows: "January 2.?I have today drawrr on yoa for seventy thousand dollars and paid equivalent to Italian ReoT Cross, m tvo sums: Fifty thousand* from American Red Cross and twenty thousand from Christian Herald. "I have today seen president Ital? ian Red Cross, who desires me to In? form American Red Cross as foUotraja " 'Problem of relief very vast. In? cludes feeding, clothing destitute on? scene immediately and quickly remov? ing nearly whole surviving popula? tion from stricken district to other a parts of Italy. Transportation In? volves special difficulties. Much mon? ey needed, but if America desire** to offer practical aid immediately, a ship could be chartered by telegraph ai Marseilles or Genoa, yind loaded with blankets, clothing, linen, preserved, meats, condensed milk, medical sup? plies and similar useful material 3| or more such ships under the direc? tion of the Italian .Red Cross would be useful as transports, amd at the same tim.- could d 'Po it stores where need* alonjs the eoasV The Italian Re\T Cross has not yet clearly worked out how all the difficulties of relief are to be solved. Supplies are now needed ii> Sicily and Calabria, but in about two weeks, when the destitute have be<?n removed, will be needed in Naples^ Rome, Florence and other citlifs. where the sufferers are being distrib? uted." y "I will be personally glad to co-op? erate ^Jfth our Red Cross to carry out plans. There are many Americans in Rome anxious to assist in relief meas? ures. ("Signed) Griseom" RED CROSS GIVES 1150,000.', \f President Confer* With Root and l*a> - con About Earthquake Situation* Washington, Jan. 3.?The text of the message which President Roos* velt will tomorrow submit to Congress in behalf of the earthquake sufferers in Italy, was the subje?t of a confer? ence tonight at the White House tx? tween the President, Secretary Root and Assistant Secretary of State ?acon. The earthquake situation generally was referred to at tonight's conference and it was decided that the amount that the National American Red Crouw sbould cable to the Italian Red Orosss for imediate Atting out of a relief ship should be 1160,000, instead of $100,000, as had been consul* i ed ear? lier in the day. This amount was ca? bled tonight through Ambassador Griseom at Rome. / Cliarlestoniaii Commits Sni< Ide. Greenville, Jan. 1.?Mr. P. B. Tra pier, a aative of Charleston, win moved to this county in 1S75, com? mitted suicide last night by jumplttg: Into n well at his home near IVI ham mills. 10 miles from Greenville. No cause is assigned other than that the" mans mind had been affected to.1* some time. Soon after 9 o'clock last night Mr. Trapler was missed and his 'amily* imtitutod search, finally locating bJa boly in an old well on his countrw place. METEOR FALLS IN ALABAMA. Distinct Sliock Follows Impact cat Body. Marlon. Ala., Jan. t.?A large aaas teor fell In the western part ef PUrey county at 10 o'clock last night. It came from the southwest and could) be seen throughout the county. aV short tlem after it fell a distant shoes* was felt over a large part ef the* county that caused windows and rto&ra to rattle.