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N. G. GONZALES'S MOTIVES. 1 ? Mis Memory Defended by Rev. A. J. Thomas, D. D. Editor of The Bap Courier. To the Editor of The State :-I hi , read with no ordinary interest mu that bas been published in your c um as concerning the Lexington tr and verdict. lam almost ready believe that the denunciation of cl affair has been none too severe, demoralizing effects will be felt lo after the'cour: actors are dead a ?one and forgotten. The conduct some of the parties interested was unusual, some of the arguments extraordinary, some of the jun .evidently so ignorant, some of t testimony so unnatural, the v< diet so at variance with the acte facts that many people serious question whether the- jury syst? after all is the best method of fi thering the ends of justice, in Sou Carolina' especially. When it possible, and-when by some attc neys it. is considered- desirable, ?pg draw jurors who are so ignorant to believe that in ease of acquiti the State may appeal, then som thing ia wrong. Trial by jury in sui a case becomes in truth the verie farce. v But it was not my purpose to di cuss at this time tbe trial and tl verdict. There is such a thing losing sight of the main point-tb an innocent man was murdered, th bis motives were misunderstood, h actions misconstrued, and much this in a court of justice, after h lips were forever sealed and it w impossible for him to speak for. hit self. I believe that N. G. Gonzal was as cruelly wronged in the cou at Lexington, as he was, without e: cuse, slain on the. streets of Colar bia. Some things brought out in tl trial as to what he did and said c occasions are SQ utterly unlike tl man, so entirely at variance with h disposition, temperament, characte and daily habits that his friends ai , morally certain they never occurrec it is a case of mistaken identity, < optical and auricular illusion, or d< lusion, or-well I never like to say man has lied, especially after he hi solemnly sworn to tell "the trutl the w?ole truth and nothing but th truth/* t Mr. Gonzales was not the maa i talk just anything, anywhere and 1 anybody. He never did that. Thos of us who knew bim well and ba been in his company know he WE . decidedly reticent and reserved; h was represented in court as navio blustered, boasted, bullied, tbreatei ed and mouthed, wholly unlike hin so unnatural that we do not and cac not believe it. Sometimes, to. som of his friends on some subjects, h talked freely,ba? even then he di not brag, nor boast of what he woul or would not do. That was not hi style, it was contrary to bis ideas o good taste, it was unnecessary, fo bis friends knew be was not a cow ard, that he never adopted, assume? or practiced the coward's tactics methods, language, or figures o speech. Injustice to the memory of th i mau whom I considered my friend and whose friendship I esteemed whose brilliant intellect, whose loy atty, patriotism, courage and loft: ideas I admired, I wish to speak of J conversation I had with bim in July 1902. It was at Glenn Springs. H< was there at the bedside of an agec relative, ill, and who died a few dayi after our conversation. We wen sitting together and alone. A?tei talking for some time on the subject of newspaper work and au editor'* experience, the conversation drifted towards the political campaign thei in progress in the State. We dis? cussed-candidates, and probable re? sults of the approaching primar; election. In some things we did not of course, agree, but it was pleasant to talk with him of issues on which we differed, for in it all he was a gentleman, and he respected one who preseuted views with which be had little in common. Our conversation extended for per? haps two hours. We talked of the editorials then running in The State, the editorials that were pnt in evi? dence at Lexington a few cays ago. He distinctly and emphatically de? clared that he was not moved to write those editorials by personal animosity ; he disclaimed any feel? ing of personal ill-will in what he was doing; he affirmed seriously and solemnly that he was moved to write . the articles by a strong sense of duty to the people of South Carolina. I was convinced of his sincerity and truthfulness in that statement. I bave never had any reason to doubt -wliat he then and there told me. He I showed no spirit of ill will, there was no bitterness in his words, there -was nothing like boastfulness in his ^manner, there was no trace of ex? ultation over the mistakes, the mis? fortunes, or probably defeat of an? other with whom thsre was political disagreement, or with whom there might have been personal difference. The matter of a possible personal , encounter was suggested by mys.elf, but he quietly replied he had no ap? prehension of such. He did not say this in a boastful manner, there was no sign of fear, there was no irace of threat, there was, I am sure, no thought of danger on his purr, and no intention of taking up the matter in another form, previous or subse? quent to the election. He did not seem to think of personal encounter, and he never apprehended any dan? ger, and I am morally certain that when he quietly passed down the .street ou the way home the day he was shot he never dreamed of dan? ger, and he had no thought of a personal difficulty when he crossed the sidewalk to pass ou the inside of tbe walk. He had no more idea of having a pistol on his person that day than he did the night we talked together on the piazza of the hotel at Glenn Springs, when he said that he sever went armed, that his practice was entirely and universally consist? ent with his written words on. that subject. Mr. Gonzales had not for many years carried a pistil and that fact was well known wherever his paper was read. In bur conversation I asked him bow far an editor is justified in ex? posing an individual. He replied, if it was in the case of a public official, t>r a candidate for public office, the editor is justified in going fafc?nough and long enough to ^njighten. the public, and prevent, ?f possible, the people from committingaaerious blunder by electing an tf riwortbyman 'to office, provided, always, the'edi \ tor deals in facts and tells the truth. He took the ground >that the editor is a public teacher and that it is his duty to try to create public sentiment in favor of right and against wrong, but always to be honest in the pre? sentation of facts, and that he should never hesitate, in matters of public concern, to give the facts. He believed before God, he solemnly as? serted, that he was doing his duty to the people in publishing the edito torials that appeared in The State during the campaign of 1902. He made this Clear, beyond question, to my mind, both in what he said and by his manner, which in that hour was free from every semblance or suggestion of ill will, personal feel? ing, or revenge. Why do I say these things, now after "the incident is closed?" The iucident is not closed. .The jury ren? dered their verdict, "Not Guilty," but that did not alter the terrible fact that one of the finest citizens in the State, while quietly walking to his home unarmed; was without a word shot down and killed. His friends, ancK thousands of others throughout the land; will believe he was shot solely because of what he wrote and that he only wrote what he believed to be true, and what he said was true. The public will con? tinue to pass judgment, not only on the court proceedings, the testimony, the verdict rendered, but also on the conduct and the personal character of the man who cannot now speak in his own defense, and who, his friends believe, suffered grave injustice in much that was said in the argument before the jury and which could not be answered by the direct testimony o^those who knew better. I say these things because I know from his lips thai Nf. G. Gonzales was not seeking the defeat of any man on account of personal ill will, and that he was not seeking at the time the editorials were being written, nor would he afterwards seek the life or personal injury of any person of whom he spoke in our conversation, and we spoke of all the prominent candidates. From ali that I knew of him, from all that was said in our conversation above mentioned, I believe in my i ti? mos; soul that the unarmed editor who received his death wound with? out warning, was not pursuing his fellow maa, he was not carrying malice and unavenged anger he was not blood-thirsty in spirit, or in man? ner, or in conversation. He was in the quiet pursuit of au honorable profession, in the service of the peo? ple. Some of us are not willing for the veil to be drawn over his public career, and the record of his work and life to close in the estimation of the public with the evidence of cer? tain witnesses at Lexington, some of the arguments before the jury, and with the verdict amid the applause and congratulations of certain per? sons in the court room, including some of the court officials. We be? lieve in that hour, too, a great injus? tice was done the slain editor. We do not like to think of the life, the j public services, the brilliant record, ; and the undaunted courage of the distinguished and chivalrous Gon ! z?les to be thought of in connection with the trial at Lexington. Let him pass into history as he was, and as we knew him, and not as he was made to appear before that jury. His devotion to his native j5ta te and his noble defense of all that is good and worthy in South Carolina, and his splendid and courageous fight for law and order and justice before the courts, should be held in ever? lasting remembrance. This is the N. G. Gonzales who held and who still holds'such a large place in the confidence and affections of those who really knew him. A. J. S. THOMAS. Greenville, S.C. TOM JOHNSON TELLS THE STORY. The Reasons Why the Democrats Could Not Win in the State of Ohio-Han? na's Prosperity Slogan. CLEVELAND,1 NOV. 4.-Tom L. Johnsou, the defeated Democratic candidate for governor of Ohio, to? night gave out a statement^ielative to the election in this State, which says: "The result in Ohio is due to several causes of which the chief was the successful attempt or Senator Hanna to impress upon the people of this State that a continuance of undisturbed business conditions de? manded his return to the senate. "In the last few weeks of the cam? paign, the closing of mills and dis? charging of thousands of workmen, together with bank and business fail? ures throughout the country, gave color to Senator Hanna's clan? that the campaign in Ohio involved na? tional issues of more immediate im? portance than the betterment of our local condition. "I hope that Senator Hanna's statement that his re-election will preserve the industrial and business situation from disturbance will be verified and ttoat confidence, which he believes to be the basis of prosper? ity, will be preserved. "The Republican party in this campaign used a fund larger in amount than any other similar fund in the history of State politics.. This campaign fund was furnished by privileged interests throughout the country, they not unnaturally feel? ing that Senator Hanna was their national representative. The mag? nitude of this fund enabled the Re? publican committee to give the widest possible circulation to their claim that business prosperity de? pended upon Senator Hanna's re? election. ?* "The use oMaioney on a tremen? dous 6cale was expected. The un? familiarity of a portion of the peo? ple of the State with the principles of the platform was understood. We knew that the people of the State could not be bought and were pre? pared to convince them of the truth of our principles, but that Senator Hanna's re-election could be identi? fied with the maintenance of busi? ness prosperity, and that the fear of the people of a return to hard times could be successfully ^appealed to, was not anticipated, and this more than anything else accounts for the result." Press Tucker, a white farmer of Ruby, Chesterfield county killed his son last Thursday while shooting at a rabbit The boy was at the spring getting" water and his father did not tee him when he fired. THE CHINESE EHB?6ED. Russia Insults and Imposes Upon China, but the Government is Helpless. Pekin, Nov. 5.-Pani Lessar, the Rusisan minister to China, has report? ed the demand of Rnssia for the exe? cution of Major Wong, who recently decapitated a noted brigand in Rus? sian employ, and the dismissal of Yuen, the taotai of Mukden, who is Wong's superior officer. The Chinese officials here are unable to inform the Associated Press whether Russia pro? poses to withdraw her troops from Mukden and re?ase the Tartar general of that city, now held in custody in his yamen, if these demands are granted. The Chinese are more enraged at the Russian proceedings at Mukden than they have been by any event since the capture of Pekin. Some of the hot headed members of the coun? cil have advised the Dowager Empress to declare war on Russia and send troops to release the Tartar general, whose detention at Mukden, growing out of the decapitation of the Chinese bandit, who had enlisted in the Rus? sian service, but who fell into the hands of the Chinese atfer the Rus? sians had evacuated Mukden, wounds Chinese susceptibilities, since it is considered not only an insult to a high official, but as insulting to the Chinese Government itself. Better in? formed officials, however, realize tbe helplessness of China and the madness of attempting to go to war with Rus? sia. Their counsels have hitherto pre? vailed, though there is much baseless war talk in the native press and among the younger Chinese officials. Revolution in San Domingo. Washington, Nov. 6.-A cablegram has just been received at the State de? partment from United States Minister Powell dated at San Domingo City, today, stating that the insurgents are marching on that city, and asking that a warship be sent at once. The cruiser Baltimore, which sailed from Hampton Roads several days ago, is now due at San Domingo and the state department believes her presence there will be sufficient. Marvelous Escape from Death ! ? PAINE'S CELERY COMPOUND Does a Wondrous Work for a Lady Who Was Almost Crazed with Pain and Suffering. It is well known that terrible rheumatism, sciatica, and neuralgia cause more helpless? ness, acute suffering, and agony, than any of the other diseases that afflict humanity. The great medicinal virtues of Paine's Celery Com? pound make it the only trustworthy specific for the cure of all forms of rheumatism and neuralgia. Thousands of strong testimonial letters from the most prominent people of the land, prove that Paine's Celery Compound has banished these terribly fatal troubles when all other treatment has failed. Mrs. Mar? garet Bethel, of Brainerd, Minn., after thirty years of agonizing tortures had a desire to end her life, if it was the will of Heaven; she al? most prayed for the time to lay it clown. Heaven-directed, she made use of Taine's Celery Compound, and is enjoying true life once more. She says: " For thirty years I have been a great suf? ferer from neuralgia in the head, and also with rheumatism in the whole body. I began taking Paine's Celery Compound and soon found I was much better. Before taking the Compound, my life was such a burden that I almost prayed to lay it down. I was bedfast every two weeks with horrible pain in the head, back, and neck, until I was almost crazed. I am able to do harder work and more of it today than for twenty-five years. I am really enjoying lite again, thanks to Paine's Celery. Compound. I am satisfied that my life has been prolonged many years by its use." f Diamond Dyes I Color Anything! Any Color There are many ways in which Diamond Dyes will help you. Dresses, cloaks, suits, i ribbons, coats, feathers, stockings,-every? thing wearable, Diamond Dyes make to look like new. Diamond Dyes are the! j perfect home dyes; they are SIMPLE,? STRONG, SURE. We have a special department of advice, and fi will answer free any (mentions ubout dyeing. B Send ?ample of good? when posible. Direction Dook and 45 dyed sample* free. DIAMOND DYES, Burlington, Vt. J Anyone pending a fletch and doscrir-timi m nv quickly ascertain orir optt?oii free wnethc? nn Invention is pmKftM7)wWfttab!e. Communica? tions ^..rict.lyo<"l?^:o;.fiJ;,.. ?taudb<<okon Patenta Bent free. oM'-st aiv.'iw'v for (wurmg patent?. Patenta taken .ihn*?*? Munn & Co. receive special n/jticc, w'.Ovout o'hare?, Hi tbe Scientific teka jr. handsomely Ulu^fVWorl v<->r>v*:-. T p-co??t clr Cnlatiu.l <>f a:'V ?. .?... .1 -..nr..'. rm}?,$3 a jreacj finTj??<j'?sl*? *A- '?o\? Uyall n*v.^?le?fers?. bro t. oF?lOU. ("J V rt.. V?'n?l;tii_.vjti. iv C PRINCESS RADZIWILL'S SUIT. Suicide Clause Valid. _, _ , _ A- nrxr> Kansas City, Mo., Nov. 5.-In a She Seeks tO Recover $7,000,000 decision in the United States district From Estate of Cecil Rhodes. ?onJ*?e:e.' Jud?eJohnE- P^iUpshas held that insurance companies may en force the anti-snicide clause where London, Nov. 4.-Princess Radziwill previously entered into by the insured, has issued a writ demanding $7,000,- The decision was in the case of James 000 from Lord Roseberry, Earl Grey Whitfield, a well-known sporting edi and Messrs. Alfred Beit, Dr. Jame- tor, who killed himself. Whitfield in son, L. L. Mitchell and B. A. Hawks- sured for 85,000, receiving a policy le3r, trustees of the estate of the late that contained a clause specifying that Cecil Rhodse, under an agreement $500 only should be recovered in case alleged to have been made on or about of suicide. Although the statutes of June 20, 1899, between herself and Missouri declare that insurance corn Mr. Rhodes. This is a sequel to the panies may not make suicide a defense arrest and imprisonment of the Prin- in refusing to pay a policy, Judge cess at Cape Town in 1902 on the Phillips held that "as the pleading of charge of forging Rhodes's signature the contract in question voluntarily to bills for several thousands of entered into by the parties goes merely pounds. The case, which doubtless to the question of the ' amount of the will prove sensational, is expected to recovery and not to defeat a recovery, lead to many exposures. The friends my conviction is that the plaintiff is of Princess Radziwill say she possesses justly entitled to recover the sum of documents of high political import- ?500.' ance, which were, surpressed during ------- -? the trial at Cape Town and which will TT?- TUT? M??A? be produced in Court, dealing with JtLOW TJO Ma&e ?LOney. South African matters, particularly _. with the Jameson raid, and the alleg? ed complicity of former Colonial Secre- Agents of either sex should today write tary Chamberlain therein. Marsh Manufacturing CoM 538 Lake The Princess's lawyers refuse to fur- Street? chicago, for cuts and particulars of nish particulars of her claim, but they their handsome ALUMINUM CARD CASE assert that the document on which wjth your name engraved on it and filled they base their claim is a regualr con- witn 100 Calling or Business Cards. ?v tract, m writing. erybody orders them. Sample Case and , , 100 Cards, postpaid, 40c. This Case and 100 Cards retail at 75 cents. You have Chamberlain's Stomach and -Liver Tablets only to show sample to secure an order, are becoming a favorite for stomach trou- Send 40c. at once for case and 100 cards bles and constipation. ' For sale by China's before some one gets ahead of you. ^ Drug Store. Sept 16-8m J. 1?? S O OTH *vvwww v<> Axvxxvwvw J? ? S. BOOTJEt BOOTH LIVE STOCK CO. Having purchased that part of Harby & Co.'s business including the .... Stable, Vehicle, Harness, Lime, Cement, Hair, Laths, Fire-Brick, Shingles, Sewer Pipe, etc., And on taking stock we find that we have on hand entirely too many wagons and buggies, both single and double. Also about 150 sets harness, which we have concluded to sell at GREATLY REDUCED PRICES Until this stock has been sold. Among these vehicles are Co? lumbia, Rock Hil], Hughes, Lyon and other makes of Buggies, and White Hickory and Milburn Wagons. These goods are all new and in first class condition. We are simply overstocked, so those in need of vehicles and harness will certainly save money by seeing us before buying. BOOTH LIVE STOCK CO. Sept 23-3m 0 Line. Effective August 30, 1903. Passenger Trains arriving and leaving Sumter. Train 35 Florence to Augusta Leaves 4 41 am " 54 Columbia to Wilmington u 8 20 am " *57 Gibson to Sumter Arrives 9 40 am " 52 Charleston to Columbia and Greenville Leaves 9 50 am " *46 Orangeburg to Charleston (Tuesd'y, Thursd'y, Saturd'y) " 9 50 am " 53 Greenville and Columbia to Charleston " 6 20 pm " 32 Augusta to Florence " 6 18 pm " *56 Sumter to Gibson " 6 50 pm ? *47 CB&rleston to Orangeburg (Tuesd'y, Thursd'y, Saturd'y) " 8 20 pm " 55 Wilmington to Columbia " 9 30 pm Freight Trains carrying Passengers. Train *24 Sumter to Hartsv?lle Leaves 10 00 am " *39 Sumter to Robbins " 10 00 am " *11 Florence to Sumter Arrives 1 40 pm " *12 Sumter to Florence .Leaves 3 10 pm " *36 Robbins to Sumter Arrives 5 25 pm " *25 Hartsville to Sumter " 7 40 pm Northwestern Railway. Train *70 Camdan to Sumter Arrives 9 00 am " *72 Wilson Mill to Sumter " 12 30 pm " *68 Camden to Sumter " 5 45 pm " *71 Sumter to Camden Leaves 9 55 am " *73 Sumter.to Wilson Mill " 3 30 pm " *69 Sumter to Camden ? u 6 25 pm Trains marked * daily except Sunday ; all other trains daily .1, For further information, apply to . J. T. CHINA, Ticket Agent A. C. L. SOUTHERN RAILWAY 80HEDUL Effective Oct. ll, 1903. Read down Read up No 42 No 40 No 41 No 43 2 15 pm 7 00 am Lv Sumter Ar 9 15 am 5 45 pm ll 40 am Ar Charleston Lv 3 20 am 7 10 am 11 40 am Ar Columbia Lv 7 20 am 12 30 pm Ar Augusta Lv 6 55 an. 6 10 am 8 15 pm Ar Atlanta Lv ll 45 pu 11 45 am 5 33 am Ar Birmingham Lv 4 10 pm 8 30 pm ll 10 am Ar New Orleans Lv 9 20 am 12 35 am 3 10 pm Ar Spartanburg Lv 10 35 am 1 30 am 4 25 pm Ar Greenville Lv 9 40 arr 7 15 pm Ar Asheville Lv 7 05 am 8 15 pm Ar Louisville Lv 7 40 am 7 30 pm Ar Cincinnati Lv 8 30 an 6 05 pm Ar Camden Lv 2 00 pm 9 16 pm Ar Rock Hill Lv 10 55 an 9 56 am Ar Charlotte Lv 8 10 am 7 40 am Ar Washington Lv 9 50 pa 2 00 pm Ar New York Lv 3 25 pn Trains 42 and 43 make close connectiou at Sumter Junction with 17 going Nor'1 via Camden and Rock Hill. Traine 40 and 41 make close connection at Ringville for Columbia and at Comm bia with solid Pullman trains composed of elegant Dining Cars, Pullman Com par? ment, Club Library, Observation and Drawing-room Sleeping Cars to and from Flori da points. For full information or reservations apply to any agent or address : S. H. Hardwick, C. H. Ackart, General Passenger Agent, J. R. Clack, General Manager, Washington, D. C. Agert, Washington, D. C. W. H. Tayloe, Sumter, S. C. R. W. Hunt, Assistant Gen. Pass. Agt-nt, Division Passenger Agent . Atlanta, Ga. Charleston, S. C. $100,000.00 Capital. THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK of Sumter, S. C. THE Comptroller of the Currency har? ing approved the increase of the Capita? of this Bank to $100,000.00, depositors now have as security for their deposits : Capital, - - $100,000 00 Stockholders' Individual Lia? bility, - - - 100,000 00 Surplus and Undivided Prof? its, - - - 25.000 00 Total Security for Depositors, $225,000 00 ONLY NATION* <. BANK IS ciTY OF SUMTER. Largest Capital of any Bank in this section of South Carolina. Strongest Bank in Eastern part of this State. Interest allowed on deposits to a limited amount. BOARD OF DIRECTORS. A. J. CHINA, President. NEILL O'DONNELL, Vic? ^resident, H. D. BARNETT, fc. D. LEE, G. A. LEMMON, "0HN REID, E. P. KICKER. R. L. ET MUNDS, Cashier. B. D. LEE, Solicitor. BOOKKEEPERS. J. L. McC&J?am, D. J. Winn, Jr., Oliver lu Yates. July 30-3m Unsolicited Testimony. Suited After Thirty-five Years. First Methodist Church, R. Herbert Jonesj. Pastor. Sumter, S. C., May 2nd, 1903 Dr. Z. F. Highsmith, Sumter, S. C. Dear Sir and Brother :-This is to say that the lenses furnished by you some weeks ago are giving me great satisfaction, and that I am as well suited, notwithstand? ing the difficulties, as I have, ever been. After an experience of tMrty-five years with Opticians and Oculists in the leading cities in two states, I make this statement to your credit. You are at liberty to use this letter in any way for the benefit of the community. I would like others to know that they can get work in your line done as well in Sumter, as they can in Charleston cr Atlanta. Yours truly, R. HERBERT JONES. Tie Largest and. Most Collete MislMt South Geo. S. Hacker & Sort, -MANUFACTURERS OF ODORS, SASH, BLINDS; Moulding & Building Material. office ano" Wardrooms, King, opposite Cac non Street, CHARLESTON, S. C, JSP* Pnrrhasf our make, wbich we gnarann superior to any sold South, and thereby pave money. Window and Fancy Glass a Specialty October 16 -o A PAINT SHOP kept by a practical painter o? 30 years7 experience, where can be got Lead and Oil mixed any color, also Ready Mixed Paints and Paints for different use, such as Floor, Roof, Iron, Var? nishes, Bronze, Sandpaper, Put? ty, Gold Leaf, Dry Colors, Cala? mine, etc. I want some work painting and upholstering. I will paint your house, Kalso mine or paper the walls cheap, for while at work ? am very apt to find a Sofa, Rocker, or Sideboard that needs scraping and varnishing, also upholstered. I have some pretty colors in Morocoline, Hair Cloth, Mohair Plush, or I may find a Car? riage or Buggy that I will paint for ten dollars and give you a set of harness free, or paint the buggy for five dollars and no gift. Buggy tops $9.00, fitted on Whee!s, steel tires, painted and put on ready for road, $10.00 per sett. Shafts, paint? ed and trimmed, $2.00. Agent for Council's Self-lu? bricating Axles. Office in Curtis Houses, No 326 South Main street. H. B. CURTIS. Thone 196. I paint signs. CHUHESTuii'S tNGLlSH ERNYROYAL PILLS Original And Only Genuine ,SAFE. Alwnv.TviiaMe. Ladle*. ??k Drueri*t for CHICH?ST?K*S ENGLISH in IIZU an.I Hold metallic boxes, s?*>i with blur ribbon. Take no other. Rcfu*c I'ni^vro-.p. Substitution, and Imita? tion?. Bay of your ."?ni cg Ut. or *co<I 4c. ia ?Amt? f,.r Pftrtfcwtsns TeAtiraom*!* ?nd "Rt-Hef for L?idlem"m Umr. br re Lf torn Mall. 1 o,o??i? rntimontal*. S?..i b? ?".1 ?>r.;s?>??. i S:.-:?rcu-r C'heraioai CV. *a?o? tblftpoptf Uatllftca t ?unco, PH i LA- PA.