The watchman and southron. (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, April 24, 1901, Image 1
?
rai 8UKTSB WATCHMAN, s?t*bii?h?d April, 1850. "Be Just and Fear not-Let all the Ends thou Aims't at, be thy Country's, thy God's and Truth's." THE TRUJE SOUTHRON, Established june is66
Consolidated Aug. 2,1881. SUMTER. S. C.. WEDNESDAY. APRIL 24. 1901. New Series-Tol. XX. So. 39
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MAURIN'S DOCTRINE
Denies That He is Trying to
Launch a New Party in
the South.
Southern Interests Demand Ac?
ceptance of Policies of Present
Republican Administration.
Charlene, April 18-Mr Wo Tnng
Fang, the Chinese minister, was the
guest of honor at a dinner given to
night by the Sonthern Manufacturers'
club and Senator John L McLaurin
was the next most prominent guest
and speaker Senator McLaarin read
a paper on 'Our Present Condition?
in the South and our Duly for the
Future."
Mr McLaurin spoke as follows:
Mr Toastmaker and Gentlemen:
I desire to make a statement of
somewhat a personal naiure before
proceeding with this speech, which I
intend to deliver tonight A certain
sewspaper correspondent in the city
cf Washington bas persistently
spread the report that I was coming'
to Charlotte to make a speech which
would launch a new party in the
south. The report is absolutely false
' If I bad any such intention good
taste would.prevent me from taking
advantage of an opportunity of this
kind I am content to advocate
within Democratic lines the policies
which I believe to be best for the
south, and when I can no longer do
this I am ready to retire to private
life.
In the south we are today realizing
some of the dreams of its far reach?
ing statesmen and business men of 50
years ago With prophetic eye. they
saw the industria! and commercial
possibilities of our highly favored
southland.
With an advance of thought that is
really surprising, they suggested en
terprise8 of wonderful magnitude for
its upbuilding and commercial domi
nance From 1838 to i860, conven?
tions were held to voice toe demands
of a deepseated public sentiment for
industrial progress The story of
these movements is chronicled in a
South Carolina publication, which,
under the name of Debow's Review,
did for the old south what the Mano
faeturer's Record is doing for the
so a th today
The same spirit which enabled our
fathers to leave the field of defeat
with nothing but their courage and
their characters left, still lives in the
south, and inspires you today in your
great undertaking
The plans of the great southern
business men and statesmen of 50
years ago are no longer idle dreams
Postponed by a cruel war which de
stroyed our social and industrial sys
tem, and which for years rendered
cooperation in national uundertakings
almost impossible, such men as I
meet here tonight are making these
dreams actual living realities
Talk about the "New South/' the
cause is a misnomer It is the same
old spirit revived which 60 years
ago made the south the dominant
power in this nation-a position of
which nothing but war could have
robbed ber What we need now to
again attain that proud eminence is
the same broad conception and the
same comprehensive grasp of the
true situation The last 20 years
have wrought an industrial r?volu
tion in the south, which must find
expression in our social ar.;d political
life.
The time is past for the discussion
as to whether this government is to
be one consolidated io its structure
or a loose aggregation of (so-called)
sovereign States The civil war set
tied that
It ie useless to discuss the question
of Tether this is to be a purely
theoretical Democratic government or
an expanding and giant Republic
The Spanish war settled that Why
?ot then accept conditions as they
are and make the most of them ?
The agitation of su^h issues only
serves to sidetrack broad American
doctrines and should not be made !
party questions because they grow !
cut of actual political and economic
.onditions. which it is beyond the
power of either party to change. I
care sot of what political faith the
occupant of the white boase might
have been ; for. if a true American,
mindfal of the honor and dignity o?
the nation, the results of the Spanish
war could not be widely different
from what they are todfey
Why should our people be the only
ones to close their eyes to what is
going on ? Why should we move
along in the same old ruts and insist
that political policies and old tradi
tions, long since dead, are vital liv?
ing issues, and depend upon them for
the salvation of the south
The triumphant reelection of Mr
McKinley in the laet campaign is full
of significance. It is a stubborn fact
confronting the Democratic party
today, suggestive of reproachful re
wembrauces and fearful menaces.
What a. reflection that this new
Democracy did not carry a,State
where the issues were discussed and
judgment passed by the people upon
them on their merits Of course
with us it bas been impossible to
decide elections upon issues It hae
been simply a qaestion of white
supremacy. In the norsb and the
west, dissolved into factions, taiuted
by tbe errors of republicanism and
the follies of populism, the party
I could not withstand the tide of popu
lar opposition excited by unreasona
ble criticism of tjie conduct of a
foreign war, and by the vicious and
incendiary appeals made during the
last mooth of the campaign to class
hatred and prejudice
Fundamental principles were lost
j sight of. and in an ineane effort to
I secure party success at any cost, the
j attempt was made to combine social
ism, populism and sectionalism, with
I nothing but the sentiment and tradi
j tions of Democracy. The real Dem
ocratic leaders of the senate for the
past three years have been Allen,
Teller and Pettigrew, all of them
able men, but o^e a Populist, one a
high tariff Republican, and the other,
I do not know what All of them
opposed to State banks of issue with
proper safeguards, and most other
things we need in the south This
was called the "New Democracy" in
contradistinction from the old. and
some of its leaders stated that its
creeds were revolutionary and were
so designed to be
To sow discontent with industrial
conditions and distrust of the govern
ing power ; to array class against
class, in the hope of securing fancied
social and industrial equality, is to
my mind the first step in revolution.
The south is the American end of
America In no section is there so
small a foreign element, so much
conservatism, and so pure a patriot
ism What a political paradox then
it is for our people to be the allies of
professed revolutionists elsewhere.
It was not the pure type of south?
ern Democracy that the balance of
the country feared in the last presi
dential election TDP> knew that
properly interpreted this was con
eervative and safe Ic waa well
understood, however, what influences
dominated, and that, therefore, the
south in national affairs was stiil
powerless One doubtful northern
State had then and has now more in
influence than the entire south com
bined One party says Why should
I consult you, I can hope for nothing
The other saye. I've got you any
way, and I will do as I please ; help
yourself if you can
What a position for a brave, high
spirited people bound hand and foot,
the miserable slaves of one party and
a football for the other
I, for one, do not believe that the
people of the south are ready to trusr
this government into the hands of
any party to begin the leveling pro
ceps through the exercise of the tax
ing power ; and yet this is exactly
what this new propaganda means,
and outside of the south it is pro
claimed by the very same claaa who
preach and practice social equality
between the races. The two dogmas
are inseparably interwoven Go into
the west, attend one of their cam
paign meetings scratch beneath the
skin and you will find the same old
social equality dogma, to the tune of
\ which the soul of John Brown is still
! "marching on "
Taxation for the purpose of equaliz?
ing or redistributing property is rank
socialism, not Democracy Let it
take hold in the south and wi?h it
go those barriers which we have
erected to maintain the purity of our
race and the integrity of our civiliza
tion.
Another thing-to my mind it is
folly to oppose expansion under the
name of imperialism It deceives no
ma j c f intelligence Ile understands
that there is no analogy between j
this country and the Roman Empire,
and that those who talk of imperial
issi do not take into account that
pow^r which is born of our free in
stitutions, a fortress in the hearts of
our people stronger than any over
built of stone. As long as this is
there they can never become slaves ;
and when it is dead it matters not
whether under republic er empire,
they become an easy prey. It de
pends upou the people, not the
government, whether they be slave*
or freemen It is the people tba
makes the government, uot the gov
ernment the people. With a brave
strong, intelligent people, with t
free press and popular education
there c*n be no imperialism. WI13
should we be afraid to trust our
selves ? The whole tendency of the
times and the spirit of the age if
toward Democratic instead of im?
perialistic ideas of government.
The throne of the "Great White
Czar" trembles today at th? roar 0
the Democratic Lion, and the echoe?
resound even from the far off Orient
Our people understand that it ii
not actual territory or dominion ovui
people that we seek, but the expao
sion of American thought, ideas 0
government commerce and civiliza
tion.
Political leaders might well lean
that the law of progress will sweer.
away as chaff those who wonid place
bariers against this mighty tide
which is destined to spread tb<
Demooratic idea of government ti
the uttermost bounds of the earth
My definition of Democracy is liberty
for man, formulated into a theory 0
government. It means man's inalien
abie ownership of himself, it mean?
free thought and free speech.
lu the dark ages of the past som;
poor slave raised his bowed head anc
looking up into the blue 6ky caugb
inspiration from God's free air anc
sunshine that he also of right wai
free, and ever since, that vision 0:
liberty has been an undying revela
tion for every age aud all climes
Grecian ancj Roman siaves ?aw the
heavenly light, and facing their masi
tere' swords, bravely died Saxoi:
churl with woodeu collar, and oo?
own fathers, at Cowpens and King'i
Mountain, looked upon the celestia
picture, end with a smile of joy gave
up their lives.
Why need a true Democracy hum
for issues io our relations with foreign
OGUOtrie?? It is upon domestic prob
iems. the rights of mao and man, tb?:
relation of labor and capital and itu
stand upoo these home issues tb at ha
endeared it to the people in r.be pas
and upon which it must finally staoc
or fall.
It is folly to attempt to dwarf grea
national and international issues ?otc
mere questions of party policy; it failed
io the last campaign, and will fai
every time it is tried.
Every member of the American con
goess, wheo ic comes to a foreigE
policy, a foreign war, and army, &
navy, a merchant marine, or any otbei
question affecting oar honor ss a na<
non. or our prosperity as a people,
should be iree and untrammeled to vote
as his judgment and conscience diocates
For myself, ? would oot, under exist?
ing conditions, be willing to hold a
seat in the Uoited States senate upon
aDy other terms. To allow others to
think for me upon these great ques?
tions is a cowardly evasion of ruy re?
sponsibilities, and a crimina! neglect
of the true interests of those who select
me
I am rejoiced tonight to be io che
presence of so many of the great cap?
tains of southern industry. You are
are men whose energy and- enterprise
are developing our natural resources
? and thus layicg the foundation for the
full enjoyment by our seotion of ali
that must follow ia the wake of the
I expanding glory of oar Republic; and
this in spite of the fact that it has
beoome the fashion in some quarters to
.neer at what is termed the "sordid
commercial" argument io favor of ex?
pansion and other national issues.
Oar political leaders should not for?
get the fact that modem Democracy
bad its origin in this same commercial
instinct. Two hundred and fifty years
?go it bad its birth is those cities along
the river Rhine, where, through trade
and manufacturing, the people could
compel the feudal lords to grant them
civil rights. The free insulation* of
which we boast grew up uoder the fos?
tering care of oommeroe The rights
of tba individual expanded into rights
for bis city and these for the State, so
that modern Demooraoy does not teach
that there is an absolute rule for
government, and that any particular
theory of government is of permanent
value and adapted uoder al' circum?
stances for the welfare of man The
fathers of this Republic never intended
to lay a foundation which was to be
al ways of the same circumscribed pro?
portions, with a superstructure of nice?
ly maasured parts all to exist perma?
nently just as constructed.
They aimed to create a giant not a
pigmy.
For a nation the ccutury has bren
content to grapple with questions of
internal development, but suddenly in
the evolntioo of our national destiny,
we have booome one of the great, powers
of the world, and can no loneer move
in a circumscribed orbit If w.1 would
mainrain our supremacy or even quality
among the nations of the world, tne?
shackles forged by narrow, sectional
prejudices must b?* broken
The question of the hour is not i
whether this Republio is what its j
foooers (with the light, before them) !
intended to mako if; not whether this is
theoretically an ideal D?mocratie
government, at ail times ID exact con?
formity to tbe teoboical requirements
nf a written coDBtitution, but whether
with the spirit rather than the letter of
that constitution, we are making the
most of our national opportunities and
meeting the political economic condi?
tions growing ont of the constantly
changing needs of the people. It is
historically trae that no form of gavern
meot ever did result from deliberate
choice; it has always been the logical
result of conditions.
The nation is nothing but the type
of individual life, and as from child?
hood to manhood we outgrow garments
and duties these are put aside, so it is
in the evolutionary development of a
nation, social, political, and industrial
systems that have their day are thrust
aside for new methods and new systems
to meet a ohanged and higher state of
existence. We have reached a stage
of development in the south where it is
unprofitable to rake the dead ashes and
charred embers of the past and where
we uiust look forward rather than back?
ward. True statesmanship, while vigi?
lant as to the present, looks with pro?
phetic eye to the future.
The people have a right to expect
their leaders to be in advance of the
thought of the age, and not tamely
drift with the current In an era of
transition and change, like this, with?
out some such forecast, political parties
will cling to dead issues, and finally
flounder io the maelstrom of factional
divisions aod greed for offiee
When Louisaoa, Florida, Texas and
California were acquired the great
leaders of the democracy acted upon
this doctrine, and so wheo this war
with Spain produoed certain results it
would have been the part of wisdom to
have made party platforms and policies
correspond with existing conditions
and their natural and inevitable conse?
quences.
We are now in the commercial arena,
contesting with the other nations for
the trade of the world. So far we have
built up oar foreign trade by intense
absorption in tbe internal development
of our domestic industries. We now
produce sufficient for the needs of twice
our population, and not to find a market
for oar surplus is to invite stagnation
and decay
The most striking feature in car
export development is the remarkable
and constantly increaeing demand for
oar iron and steel Within six years we
have advanced to the position where
American iron and steel enters into the
construction of every bridge and rail?
road in the world or fixes the price
therefor.
I saw io the papers a few days ago
that the Baldwin locomotive works in
Philadelphia were supplying the Rus?
sian government with 150 locomotives
for the Trans Siberiao Railroad. The
fact? surrounding this sale are of peen
liar interest. The Russian government
1 owns its railroads and maintains iarge
shops It pots a duty of 4 cents per
pound on imports, but when it came to
supplying the equipment for this giant
road of 8,000 miles, it wes fouod that
they had to come to the United States
And yet, ?even years ago the first iron
shipment abroad was from Birmingham,
Ala
Another feature of American influ?
ence is our soddenly acquired financial
independence. For years we have been
borrower*, but during the two years
past we have become lenders of maney.
Three of the largest European govern
meats. England, Germany and Russia,
have found it necessary to come to New
York for important loans, thus showing
that the centre of the financial world
has been transferred from Lombard to
Wall Street. It is folly for the political
leaders of the fouth to close their eyes
to the truth that the commercial expao
fions of tbe United States ia a fact of
constantly enlarging proportions, de
tnandiog changed governmental policies
to meet new conditions
Io spite of higher wages, with labor
saving machinery, the superior skill
and intelligence of our operatives.uoder
a factory system better organized than
any in tbe world, is giving us indus?
trial ascendancy. It needs, however,
to support it a broad statesmanship, not
handicapped by sectional prejudices.
We can differ about domestic matters
aiad divide upon party lines, but when
it oomes to utilizing national opportuni?
ties, north, south, east and west should
uoite io maintaining the supremacy of
tbe Uuted States in the great struggle
among the nations for the commerce of
the world.
The south must piay an important
part io our country's future. For a
third of a century she has been ham?
pered by a struggle for mere existence,
forced to devoto all of her energy and
statesmanship to the maintenance of
white supremacy Thank God, this is
permanent and assured beyond perad
venture of doubt At last she bas
emerged from he;- forlorn and prostrate
conditio DI freed from her enthrallment,
she can put herself in touch with tbe
best thought, of the age, arid again ex?
ercise an influence in national life. I
believe the time will come when the
south woll be the hope and e-alvation of
tai? nation. Her marvelous growth io
manufacuring ofterprines, ber develop?
ment of natural resources, and ber
rapid advance in progresiive thought
and actioD, is makiog ber again the
leading section in this country. The
centre of manufacturing in the Uoited
States has been transferred from Fall
River, Mass., to Columbia, S. C But
if we would make the mest of oar op?
portunities we mast renounce sectional
prejudices and pupport broad national
policies, hoking to the creation of
foreign markets, the expansion of trade
and the upbuilding of a common coan
try. We must demand and have for
tbe south a fall share of the benefits as
weli as the burdens of national life.
The south is vitality interested in the
Asiatic markets Her manufacturers
are studying the needs of the people io
an intelligent effort to turn oui products
suited to those markets The closing
of the China markets owing to recent
troubles has caused a glut of goode,
which is affected by a decline of three
cents a pound in raw ootton,
The administration is doing a great
deal towards improving our commercial
opportunities in the east by showing
some regard for the inalienable rights
of China, while protecting the legiti?
mate demands of foreign interests.
Dewey's victory first established Amer?
ican prestige along the Asiatic coast.
It was then that 800 million people in
the orient learned respect for the
Uoited States and saluted us as a first
class power. The attitude of the Uni
ted States since in the field of diplom
aoy in China bas given confidence and
increased that reBpeot. The United
States from the first took lead, and
even the warlike emperor of Germany
has bad to yield to "Uoole Sam's"
friendly admonitions. We now oocupy
the vantage ground, beoause on friend?
ly terms with all the powers 1 make
the assertion that the south has more
to gain than any other section from
the foreign policy now pursued by the
administration, particularly when the
Isthmian oanal is constructed, as it will
be. I have read extracts from the
speech of my amiable and distinguish
ed friend his excellency, Minister Wu,
recently made in Chicago It is replete
with wisdom and good sense. We can?
not hope and we should not wish to
break fdown the civilization of China
upon which is based a polity, society
and religion the slow growth of 4,000
years. To do so is to destroy the
empire in the attempt to suddenly
thrust upon her a western civilization
for which her people are not prepared.
All we can hope to do is to vitalize this
old civilization with western ideas,
science and invective genius, thus
making it more potential in material
achievement. This country bas doce
well to use every effort by the benign
influence of its political and oommer
cial power to preserve the identity of
the empire and the integrity of its
civilization. Under this policy, it is
reasonable tc expect China to become
the constantly expanding market for
our products, and as gradually ber
interior is fully developed by a network
of railroads aod all of ber cities opened
up to foreign commerce, the opportBoi
ties are almost without limit. The
south now controls most of this trade,
and with snob development, io the near
future, i: should increase tenfold
We are no longer a purely agricul?
tural section, but mining, manufaotur
iog and kindred interests have sprung
into prominence and demand govern
mental policies to nroteoc and develop
them. A statesmanship so partisao io
its character as to adhere to old politi?
cal doctrines, either settled by the
arbitrament of the sword or firmly fixed
as governmental policies, cannot solve
the political and economic problems
now confronting the southern people
Such H sentiment cannot properly inter
pr?t present economic movements, r.or
provide by aggressive and progressive
thought for ?hi? radically changed con?
ditions now confronting us.
Hurrah for Liberty.
The captain of the port io a tow"
occupied by American troops seems to
be an exceediogly formidable person?
age. It was for lese majest? against tb?
captain of the port of Manila that Edi
tor Rice was banished from the Philip?
pines by Gen MacArthur without trial
Even more summary methods se?m
to be io vogue at Havana There the
oaptain of the port, when his dig city
was offended by two Cuban editors,
sammoned them before bim and forth?
with sentenced one of them to SO day>'
and tbe other to 60 days' imprisonment
at hard ?abor He based these sentences
on the grcund that a oertaio article in
the paper with which the culprits were
oonnested was an insult to himself.
Neither of the men imprisoned bad
written thc article.
And yet the ungrateful Cubans pre
teod not to enjoy American liberty I -
N Y. Journal.
The Promising
. Toad's Head.
It is the Head of the Trust
Toad, and Contains Numer?
ous Beautiful Jewels.
Tbe bead of a toad. like the bead
of a crest, is superficially a hideous
thing to look at
Sometimes it is alleged that valu?
able jewels ace found io a toad head,
and on Phis account the hideousness
even of the far famed borned toad of
the West becomes less repulsive.
The trust toad, as you will find by
examining it closely and studying
events, bas a head ecjuipped with
jewels of a very fioe quality. Many
years from DOW men will be very
glad that , the trust toad was born,
because of the good tbat will come
from it.
*> * *
Already we see that the trusts are
inevitably strengthening labor unions.
They are bringing the men into closer
relationship and forming them into
greater and more closely united
bodies cf workmen They are pre?
paring for the inevitable and earl?
forcible increase in wages
The trusts organize admirably the>
great industries and prepare the day
when all of these indostries will be
owned by the Government-(hat is
to say, by the people themselves.
The trusts eliminate competition,.
whicb is a etupid. out-of date form of '
barbarism,: leading tQ cheating^,
thievery and adulteration.
The trusts do away w?ib the vast
armies of middlemen, and. by
diminishing every day the number
of those who iive OD the work of
others, t&ey compel an ever growing
number to enter tbe fields of useful
production.
Just at present the jewel that
stands out most prominently in the
ugly trust toad's bead is "free trade."
Men have argued and fought acd
voted and made speeches and parad?
ed for free trade-and all in vain.
The more they talked and paraded,
the heavier were the duties
But wheo the traste want free
trade, they will have it. for the trusts
control legislation.
And we shall have free trade, for
the trusts will want it very soon.
A trust engaged in manufacturing
wants to buy as cheaply as it can the
raw materials used
The trusts will soon own all the
[industries, all the manufactures, and
they will warn freedom from the
j duties which are now paid on the
? material.
Already there is in process of
j formation a great clothing trust
The small man who makes clothing
now must pay a duty on wool to
protect the American farmer who
raises sheep.
How long do you think the cloth
j ing trust will tolerate this duty on
wool ?
How long do you think the trust
engaged in making ciotbs in America
will tolerate a duty on wool that
makes the industry so expensive ?
Some of the duties will be retain
ed, of course-at least until the
trusts ehalt be powerful enough even
to despise foreign competition
But one thing after another tte
trusts will want free from duty, ano
these things will be fre^d as fast ss
the trusts' order is given
Tbe truets are going to do a great
deal of good to thc masses ot th*
people in time They will end by
forcing universal government owner
ship of monopolies upon the people
Of course, this last stage is a long
way ahead, and there will be consid
?rable ?3tiff fighting before it is taken
-N J. Journal
Little Rock. Ark , April 15 -The
State senate today passed a bil! mak
ing it onlawfui for any person to
drink any intoxicating liquor as a
beverage unless he 01 she shall hav^
first obtained a license as a dram
drinker The license is fixed at ?5
per annum
Little Rock, Ark, April 15 -
Eastern parties are said to have
secured oil leases covering nearly tb**
eLtire valley in whicb Si Joe, Searcy
county, is situated, in consequence
of an expert's investigation The e
are a number of epriugs in Searcy
aDd Newton counties where the on
has been forced up through crevices,
and in one piace the oil is gathered
in a pool and used as a curative.
BAKING
Tamm
Makes the food more delicious and wholesome
?OVAL BAKING POWDER CO., NEW YORK.