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1Jew; |o? Bali on ?*>.:. Unusual Position of One Who Transacts His Easiness on Change-His Advice %o Southern Farm? ers. i.s. m From tbe Atlanta Journal. Mr. John T. Roddey, formerly of North Carolina; bot now one af the best known men on the cotton ex? change in New York, writes a com? munication ta The Journal which will be read- witb- great interest The Joarnai cannot subscribe to all of Koddey*8 views-bat he pre them so strikingly that we take pleasure in printing them. His position ia a very unusual one -especially for a broker on 'change? nt the farmers will no doubt re? cognize in brm a friend, and his cour? age is to be admired. Mr. Roddey writes as ibll ws : To the Ed i tor of The Journal : Mo doubt the late civil' war cost the south many lives and an immense amount of money, but in my opinion since the war the south' has lost at last Sve times the amount through . exchanges on cotton; in fact the amount of money lost by the son them ' farmers and speculators during the past twenty-five years by having the price manipulated by professional speculators will amount to many mil? lions of dollars. I believe the aver? age town in the south of 5,000 peo pie baa lost by sp?culation and hav? ing the price manipulated against the farmer from $250,00(Uo $1,000,000 and think of the number of towns ! A professional gambler ia gambling only ruins the individual with whom he is gambling, bot professional operators, in order to accomplish their ends, not only ruin the'indi vid nal but also min many millions of individuals by effecting markets which effects them all, in order to make their prof ' its. Supply and demand for spot cot; ton cjbear not effect the price, bot supply and demand fer fat ur es es tab Hakes the price.: ? $*Qr instance, every spot buyer simply asks how is the future market, and if the future market is 10 points lower, he immediately lowers his limit equal to the drop in futures, and every farmer that markets bis cotton simply suffers from the drop specula tors cause. In other words, spot buyer?? and mill men only have to break the future market in order to buy their spots at whatever price they care to fir, knowing absolutely that the average farmer must sell on account of his pro ver ty at least a por tion of his crop at whatever price they may fix ^ . Large American and European spinners never give themselves one moment's uneasiness about getting their supplies, in fact they simply reason that they will get together, sell thousands of bales of fatares, which will put down the" price, and as they contiaue to sell the lower the price will be, and when they get the price barely where the farmer can exist they then buy their spot cot ton, realizing that over a million bales per month will be marketed at absolutely any price they may fix Ths professional operator nearly always takes the bear side. Why ? Tate for granted that the bulls and bears are equally divided, the out? siders as a general thing attracted by the low price, and statistical position take the bull side and the profes? sional operator takes the bear side, now say in a crop of nine million bales one hundred thousand bales are marketed during the day, the spot buyer buys your spot cotton ; be has not sold probably all the spots that he has bought so he immediately sells futures against the spot pur? chase It is not therefore apparent that there most be more bulls than bears to prevent a decline ? The professionals anticipate the sales of these spot buyers during the spot season, and of course help them drive, prices lower. Many farmers owe for their sup? plies and fertilizers and simply must sell, and the lower the price the stronger the creditor insiats on his money, because he fears that at the low price the crop will not be suffi? cient to pay, whereas if cotton was at a good price the creditor would know be need not worry about bis money, and would not insist on hav? ing the crop rushed to market and forcing a sale. When an operator with ten thou? sand dollars can sell the crop of an entire county probably representing the interest and effecting ten thou? sand souls to say the least of it it is placing little valuation on their labor one dollar per annum It must undoubtedly be very dis? couraging to the farmers that before they begin planting many wealthy operators are willing to sell them what they expect to make at a price at which they can barely exist There is no other class of labor ex? cept the farmer that has the product of his labor traded upon by a people that neither know or care anything welfare or,, prosperity. 'of uninterested people could get together and trade in the future labor of this class of people, one party would offer to get a clerk that is now receiving $1,000 per year for $900, another will offer to fill his place for $850, another for $750 and so on, eyen sell his labor tu a point where be can barely make cods meet, the clerk must either accept the salary the speculators fix or allow his family to starve, and the lower bia salary can be kept the less chance he has to improve his condition in any man? ner. Now it; is just this way with the farmer, be is allowed a price for bis labor which -enables him to barely exist, bot bow is it possible for him ever to improve ? In case he should receive a legitimate price for bis labor for a few years be would be in a posi? tion to have something to say as re? gards his future labor, and would not allow a price to be fixed by people who know nothing and care lees for his labor. If the formers of the south were in an independent condition, outsiders would not dare attempt to set a price on their labor, but as it is they dare do anything knowing that on account of their- necessity they must submit. Would any class of laborers except the farmer allow'their Tabor to be bought and sold for a year in advance ? No .You are considered as being the most ignorant class and these shrewd operators would not attempt it on any other class of 'labor, yet at the same time in ruining you they are ruining every other class of peo pie with whom you come in contact. Nearly every class and race of peo? ple mast have your production, bat if you think that foreign countries aod even other sections of this country, will not force you to take as little as possi bl? for your product, theo you had bet? ter realize it at once; don't ?look for sympathy. lt is to their interest to keep you down, for if once you became independ? ent you would be the most powerful as well as the richest country in the world, because the balance of tbe world is dependent upon you, whereas you should be and could be absolutely in? dependent of any section. What are you going to do about it 1 Let things roll along as they are ? Many continue to work for 40 cents per day ; strong, able-bodied, sensible, good white farm? ers for $12 per month. Or will you wake up as you seemed to do three years ago wheo yon discussed the situation and seemed determined that yoe would give the matter more thought and attention, when you threatened these operators.with the Hatch bill and made them think yon were doing your own thinking, and the market advanced $20 per bale, or will you take no inter? est whatever io your future condition and give renewed energy to those that are injuring voa ? * JOHN T. RODDEY. . New York, Nov. 1, 1897. THE, CHOIR- STRUCK OUT OP SYMPATHY. Their Leader is a Cuban, and Rev. Thos. Dixon Jr., Ad? vocated Election of Low. New York, Nov. 6.-The chorus choir of the People's church, of which Rev. Thomas Dixon, Jr , is pastor, consisting of about 40 singers, re fused to sing to day out of sympathy with Prof ?gramonte, their leader, because the pastor last Sunday advo? cated the .election of Seth Low for mayor. Prof Agramonte is a Cuban and a member of the junta here. His son has been in a Spanish prison ou the island of Cuba for two years. The Cubans say that Seth Low was op? posed to any intervention of this country in Cuban affairs and has stood against the cause of Cuban liberty since the outbreak of the last war. Mr Dixon, in his sermon to day, said that be sympathized with Prof. Agramonte and had advocated the voting for Low last Sunday only be? cause he stood the best chance for election against Tammany. He was opposed to Low personally. "Christian Crusaders." New York, Nov. 6.-A farewell re? ception was tendered to-night at the Bowery Misssioo to a band of seven Christian crusaders who intend to start Monday morning for tb J Klondike gold fields to establish among tbe oncers a permanent mission. Under the leadership of Alexander Desota, who originated the idea, the missionary band will travel on foot all the way from this city to Denver, pass iog en route through New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland, the District of Columbia, Virginia, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Missouri, Kansas, Nebraska and Colorado Gospel services will be held along the root?;. Johnson's Chill and Fe? ver Tonic is a ONE-DAY Cure. It cures the most stubborn case of Fever in 24 Hours. J. Z. McConoel, ex-judge of pro bare pf Williamsburg county, bas been EIGHT HUNDRED CHI? NESE MINERS To Take Place of Strikers in Northern Illinois. Chicago, Nov. 7.-The Times Her aid says : Chinese coal miners are to take the place of Americans in the northern Iliioois district An attempt will be made to break the strike that exists and 800 .skilled Celestials have been picked for the work. They will ail bear arms, live inside a gatling gun equipped stockade and be body'guarded by 100 former Chicago policemen. Au agent of the Chinese Six Com? panies was in oharge last week and made a contract with the General Wil? mington Coal Company to deliver the 800 Cbioamen at the mines of the Wil? mington Braidwood district. The first consignment of 200 will arrive next Tuesday aod the others will be on hand as soon as provisions oan be made to take care of them. Arrangements for an additional 1,000 Chinese mioers bave been made conditional on the suc? cess of the first venture. Elaborate preparations have been completed to take care of the first 800 Chinamen and to give them ample pro? tection iii mm British Consul Says There is Much Bitterness But no Danger of War. . New York. Nov. 6 -Captaio Wii Ham Wyndham, who has been trans? ferred as British consul at Chicago after three years* service in a similar capacity at Barcelona, Spain, was a passenger on the La Bretagne, whicb arrived from Havre to day. After spendiog a week with relatives ic Philadelphia he will leave for his new post at Chicago. He said : "The feeling tn Spain against the United States is ope of great bitterness. There have been no demonstrations in Barcelona or thereabouts within the last year against the United States and the Spanish government is taking care that there shall be none. The bitter ness, however, is very marked* parti? cularly in Barcelona. Before the Coban war Barcelona, one of the great man a factoring centres of Spain pros? pered chiefly in its trade with Coba and Manila. Tbs war in Cuba and the Philippine islands has cat off this trade. Baroelooa has lost the best and most lucrative market she enjoyed. Only one-third of the men hitherto employed in ber factories are now working and the j are on reduced time. Ali over the manufacturing centres there is simi? lar commercial prostration. The Spanish cannot anderstand why the United States, a friendly nation, should allow so many filibuster!og expeditions to get away safely to Coba. That fact makes tbem additionally bitter. Wheo I left Spain there were no symp'? toms of anger against the late minister! of the United States to that country, Hanois Taylor The Spanish were too ! ?neb absorbed io what General Wood ford, ?our new unoieter, might say and do. I heard no talk there of war wirb the Uotted States Spain baa net the money to wage a war with yen As for the reported prospective npri-ing of the Carlists, I do not think there is mach danger of that now. Tbe Car lists wooid not stand mach of a chance of gain as things are now governed io Spain." - ? mmm - I CARD FROM MR. TAYLOR. His Recent Article Written Prom a Sense of Duty. Washington, Nov. 6 -Hennis Tay? lor, ex-minister to Spain, to-night made the following statement: To the Associated Press : As certain journals have deemed it necessary to assert that the present administration is in nowise responsible for my acts as a private citizen, I feel it my duty to ratify that statement. The recent publications signed by me, and based upon data accessible to everybody, were made upon my sole responsibility from a grave sense of public duty which I cannot doubt is fully appreciated by the people as a whole, who were entitled to my testi? mony. I am sors that the present administration is doing its entire patriotic doty and 1 have for it DO adverse criticism whatever. On the other baod, I eaonot believe that any one authorized to speak for it has ven? tured to oriticise me in any particnlar, as all know that I have discharged every obligation doe to it whether personal or official, with punotillious fullness. Hannis Taylor. Attempted Assassination of President. Washington, Nov. 6.-United States Mioiator Conger, at Rio, has cabled the slate department thin brief confirm? ation of the r-'porfed assault upon the president of Brazil : ' Brazilian soldier attempted to as? sassinate the president to day Miois of war, defending bim, was killed Great excitement, but not general alarm Tbe Brszi'iar, Ipgation bas received thc following cnbl-gram from ?h" min? ister of foreign relations at Rio de Janeiro : "To day, tbe 5th, the minister of war was killed while defending the i??l?fi??l??iH?i??tti?lhI?l Yan Wvck of South Carolina And How a South Carolinian Saved His Uncle Maverick. To the Editor of The State : In your issue of the 4th instant you state, that Augustus Maverick, the uncie.of the mayor-erect of New York, and the son of Mr. Sam Mav? erick of Pendleton, was engaged in the war between the Texas republic and Mexico, and was at one time made prisoner by the Mexicans In this connection, the following incl dent showing how on this occasion the life of Maverick was saved by a South Carolinian may be of interest lo your readers : The Texas prisoners were required to draw lots, and every 10th man was to be shot. Maverick was one of the unfortunates, and he was to be executed in the public plaza with those, who like himself, bad drawn tbe death lots. Early in the morning of the day upon which the execution was to take place, Gen Waddy Thompson of South Carolina, then minister to Mexico, learned of Mav? erick's impending fate. He went at once to the palace and asked tc see the president, Santa Anna The guards refused bim admission for the reason that at that early hour the president was still in bed and could not be seen. Gen. Thompson, disre? garding the orders of the guards, made his way to Santa Anna's bed? chamber and secured the pardon of young Maverick, who afterwards re? turned to Texas and became the greatest cattle owner in America HISTORY New York, Nov 6, 1897. Mr. W E Henley, in his edition of Burns, has made it clear that some of his most successful songs had been floating for years among the lowland peasantry before he caught and crystallized them in print. Fresh proof of this ie added by Mr S J. Adair Fitz-Gerald in a book which he is about to publish. It is called "Stories of Famous Songs," and is the result of 15 years' labor in track? ing the worlds, moet popular songs to their source Th? origin of '-Auld Lang Syne," for example, is thus disclosed in a letter from Burns to George Thomson; the editor of the famous collection of Scottish music. "One song more," writes Burns, "and I am done-'Auld Lang Syne 1 The air is but mediocre, but the following song, the song of the olden times and which has never been in print, nor even in manuscript, until I took it down from an old man's singing, is enough to recommend any air." ''Home, Sweet Home," "Robin Adair," "The Mi?tletoe Bough," ^The Star Spangled Ban? ner,' and "God Save the Queen" are among the songs treated by Mr. Fitz? gerald. WORK OF FIRE BUGS. Jacksonville, Fia , Nov. 7.-A special from St. Augustine to the Time* Union and Citizen says : The Hotrl San Marco, one of the finest ard most commodious hotel properties in this city, was barned to the ground this morn? ing, entailing a loss of about ?250,000, with less than $50.000 insurance. It was a ffw minutes past 6 o'clock when Jake Masters, from the Onragus ^residence, discovered 6re in the boiler room of the Hotel San Maroo. He immediately fired a pistol, and notified Edward McBride, who bas charge of the property, and who lives in the hotel. Marshal and Officer Benet were soon on the Bcene, and after firing their pistols an alarm was sounded, it was discovered that the incendiaries had cot the fire bell rope, and steam whistles had to be restorted to Those who gathered at the first call did not wait for the engines and hose, but attached the hotel hose to the well on the grounds and commenced to fight One engine reached the scene, but its work was delayed owing to persons, presumably the "fire-bugs," having cut holes in the suction pipes which supply the steamer with water from the hy? drant, and in screwing up thc coupliogs so tight that time was lost in loosening them" The flames spread from woodshed and boiler room into the kitchen, then to the dioing room and thea? tre. Those structures were three sto? ries high, and to the west of, but con? necting with the main building, which was six stories high, with towers in tho center and on each wing Hundreds of men &88ts'ed in removing the furni? ture from the main floor, and a large quantity was taken oat, the main floor being almost entirely bare before the ?re drove the workers away. -.???. ? Murder Near Hurtsville. Special to The State. Hartsville, Nov 5"-Henry Suton, colored, was killed by VV. B. James, whita, about four miles from this place last night. It is reported that the colored people were having a party, and James entered the house and asked the negro why be was there, and then shot him. The kill? ing occurred on Mrs James' place - HM . . ? ? ? im" - Quinine and other fe? ver medicines take from S to IO days to cure fever, m's Chill and Fever Washington Letter. Washington, Nor. 8-Senator] Jones, of Arkansas, Chairman of the Democratic National Committee, ar? rived in Washington in a decidedly jubilant state of mind over the re? sults of last week's elections He said on the subjecL : "Weil, you bet I'm tickled. It makes me feel 25 years younger and makes me UQ derstand that the American people have not been bought or blinded this time. The results are an omen of coming and greater good. It just takes opposition and sorrow to de? velop the fall strength of the demo? cratic party. This result convinces me that the silver sentiment grows, grows and grows, and that by the next Presidential election, it will have grown to an irresistible strength Just mark my words. Error dies from a pin scratch, but truth survives the cyclone. The democratic party is Truth .When it comes to a long race and a hard race. the democratic party gets there. I am very sorry because of the turn matters have taken in old Maryland, but hope for her is not dead in my bosom yet. Of course it would have been more desirable had Mark Han? na been inhumed under an avalanche of democratic votes, but when a great man saves his scalp only by tbe skin of his teeth, it is virtually a de? feat " One of the most interesting stories growing out of the Ohio election is now being told on the quiet in Wash? ington, and it finds believers, too. According to this story, Secretary Sherman has been approached by Foraker republicans and offered an opportunity to get even with Boss HaBna and Mr. McKinley for the shabby treatment they have given him, not only by preventing Hanna's election to the Senate, but by secur? ing his own return to that body Mr. Sherman is too old a bird to gobble up everything tempting that is placed before him, but he is said to have this proposition under consideration and to be making a quiet investiga? tion, through trusted agents, as to the probability o? success shoaM he consent to enter the anti-Hanna com? bine The scheme in brief is for the Foraker members of .the Ohio legis? lature to stay out of the republican caucus, which will, of course, nom? inate Hanna for the' Senate, and to nominate Gov. Bushnell or some other thick and thin Foraker man as the anti caucas candidate. The Fo rakeritea claim to have members enough to bring about and keep up for an indefinite period, a deadlock in the legislature, and they argue that after Hanna sees his own elec tion to be an impossibility, he will be willing to join Bushnell in with drawing and in agreeing upon a com? promise candidate who can get the entire republican vote and be elected. That is where the Forakerites tell Mr. Sherman that he can come in They say that they will suggest him as a compromise candidate for the Senate, and that much as they would like to, neither Boss lianna nor Mr. McKinley will dare to object. There are too many "ifs" in this scheme, but it indicates how harmonious the Ohio republicans are Consul General Lee has received his final instructions and will ibis week return to Cuba. He is as care? ful as ever about discussing Cuban matters, but there are good reasons for saying that he is confident that there will be peace in Cuba in a few months : It was because of this be* lief on bis part that he agreed, when urgently requested to do so by Mr McKinley, to remain in Cuba until the trouble was^over. The 9rmy of pensioners still steadily grows in numbers, notwithstanding the assertion of several Commission? ers of Pensions that it had reached high water mark and was about to start on the down grade. The an nual report of Commissioner Evans shows that there were 5,336 more names on the rolls on June 30, 1897, than there were one year before, not withstanding the dropping, during the fiscal year for death and other causes of 41,122 names. There were 976,014 names un the roll at the close of the last fiscal year, and, unless, death claims an unusually large num? ber, it is probable that the million mark will be passed before the close of the present fiscal year. From al! directions come com? plaints about the tremendous 'rise in the price of almost everything, ex cepting the only article that more than half of our people have to sell their labor. An expert says of the effect of the Dingley tariff upon the price of men's clothes : "A suit of clothes that could be bought last year for $15 00 cannot be duplicated now under ?20 00 and that fact is an annoy? ance to dealers and customers alike With meu of ample means, who have their clothes made by fashionable tailors ?5 00 or ?10 00 advance on a suit is hardly noticed, and if notieed evokes no complaint, lt is very dif ferent, however, with tho whose have to be carefuf in their expenditures, for to this class ?5 00 represents a considerable sum The number of men who buy $15 00 and $20,00 suits is largely in excess of those who pay tailors $40 00 aud ?50 00 for a suit, and it is from the poor and thc middle class that the kick against the Dingley tariff is sure to come." Marshal Blanco Indicates a Line of Policy. HE ISSUES AN EDICT. Habana, Nov. 8.-Marshal Bianco has issued the following edie:, officially described as "expressing the magnani? mous sentiments of the queen regent and the firm determination of the oational government "I pardoo in full all those who have been prosecuted for the crime of rebel? lion. Bebels prosecuted for common crimes, independent of rebellion, such, as spoliation, immorality and the like will be pardoned as rebels but judged for other offenses committed by them. "Those suffering sentences imposed prior to the date of this edict will have their sentences commuted to a certain extent and perhaps in some oases io full. Pardons should appear before the civil and military authorities at their respective places of residence, watch they will designate and which wi I be communicated to me. Should they designate places of residences outside the principal towns, they will be ad* vised of the necessity of residing with? in the military zone of cultivation. The military authorities will be care? ful not to invade the jurisdiction of the civil authorities. Therefore, those pardoned cannot change their residence without obtaining the permission of both civil and military authorities." At the solicitation of Senora Etc ila Quesada, widow of Seuor Arteaga Q je sada, Captain General Blanco has par? doned ber son, Julio Qaesada, a nephew of Senor Gonzalo Quesada of the Cuban junta at New York. The young man was under sentence of death. Seven insurgents were tried by court martial here to-day and 53 insurgents were sent to the penal settlement cn the Isle of Pines. HISTORY OF QUESADA'S CASE. New* York, Nov. 8 -Dr. G. J. Qaesada, when informed to-night of the action of General Blanco, was almost overcome witb joy He said Julio Ortega Qaesada was the young man's name and that he was 21 years of age. "He is a man y young fellow," said Dr. Qaesada, "and two years ago be was a member of tbe sophomore class of the College of the City of New York. Wheo hostilities broke out he insisted oo joining the Cuban forces. We tried to talk bim out of it,, but be re? sented our interference and said his place was ac tbe front. He joined General Bermedez's army and was operating in Pinar del Rio prov:nee when captured May 25 "Julio took sick and was very weak at the time. He was swimming HO a small stream when he became detached from his companions and fell into the bands'of the Spaniards. He was taken to the San Ambrosia military hospital as a prisoner, and later sentenced to be shot. "The boy's mother left no stone un? turned to save her boy, but ?he met lit? tle encourageaient from General Wey ler. "Several times the lad was about to be shot, but something providentially intervened. Years ago wheo Captain Geaeral Bianco was governor of Caba he formed a warm friendship for Jul? io's father, then a professor in the medical university in Hanan*. When Blanco superseded Weyler, Mrs. Qaes? ada took up the cause of the young mao, and *hc seems to have been suc? cessful. I know of no reason for Bianco's clemency except bis friendship in former years for Julio's father. Let UN hope that his action is a good omen, and that hence the war will be on civilized ?ines " Young Quesada's father died three years ago in Mexico. Habana, Nov 8.-Young Qaesada was set at liberty late this afternoon and delivered to his mother by the order of Marshal Blanco. A Whiskey War. Greenville, November 8.-Original package men, blind tigers and all whiskey dealers are worked np to-day on account of the action of the city police For several days the police have been quietly laying traps for the tigers. Last night a few were picked up, to-day a general raid was made at the same time io different parts of the city. The work was systematic, and bottles of liquor labelled with the names of the sellers are now at police headquarters, together with kegs, jugs, bottles, flasks and all the implement* of travelling and stationary tigers. One cell of the station house is packed with the whiskey and beer captured The police are on their mettle, and to-night raiding parties will capture other tigers.-News and Courier COTTON MARKIBT. Sumter, S C., November 16.-Market to? day 4| to 5 Receipts 100 bales. Liverpool, Nev 9, 1897 - Market opened quiet, closed steady. Opened. Closed Oct. and Nov. 3 08$ 3 08$ Nov. and Dec. 3 06$ 3 06$ Dec. and Jan. 3 OGh 3 06$ New York, Nov. 9, 1897.-Market opened steady, closed steady. Opened. Closed. November, 556 560