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jernaa. WEDNESDAY, JUN?: 30 1897 UVE QUESTIONS. A Series O? Articles Contributed by '_Advanced Thinkers. WHAT SHALL WE DO WTTH OUR CRIM? INALS? What is a criminal? One who has committed crime. What is a crime? The law makes "legal crimes'' of some j things that are right. For instance, the law makes it a crime to bring gon?s into the country without permitting an official to take away from voa a part of their value. We should change our laws so as to abolish merely legal crimes. Nothing should bo a crime in law which is net also a crime in morals. This class of criminals would then be abolished. Bat there is another class of criminals-men and wemen who violate the moral Jaw,, who aggress in some way on the rights of others. What shall be done with them? This question relates to the sole .fonction of government-viz, the pre? vention of aggression. The first thing to be done is to rid the public mind of the idea that a criminal should be punished ; that he should be 1 made to suffer so much or so long in ex? piation of the evil he has done. "Ven? geance is mine; I will repay, saith the Lord." And we may safely intrust that matter to his hands, it is not cor busi? ness to estimate a man's guilt and meas? ure out punishment therefor. It is our business to see to it that no one invades the rights of ethers. No matter what the motive, no matter what the degree of responsibility, if a man aggresses on other individuals or on society, society should confine him, not to punish him, but simply to prevent him from invad? ing the rights of others, and this re? straint should continue so long, and only so long, as may be necessary to accom? plish this object The term of imprison? ment should bear no relation to the ; gravity of the crime committed. The idea of punishment should be entirely absent. It should relate solely to the fit ness or unfitness of the criminal to be at large. It is absurd to let a man loose who is certain to aggress again. It is wrong to restrain a man of his liberry after he has become qualified to enjoy it. But there is another thing to be thought of. Under present conditions, even if our prisons were reformed in ac? cordance with the above ideas, it would still be exceedingly difficult for a dis? charged prisoner to lead an honest life, however much he might wish to do sa Natural opportunities are nearly all monopolized and many held out of use. On those free to use he could scarcely make a living, if at*vall, and no one is likely to be Willing to employ him and run the risk of bis not; being sincere in bis desire to reform. He is therefore al? most compelled to return to his evil ways. But with natural tax in force this would be different A discharged con? vict would not need to apply to any one for a chance to work. Ee could employ himself on free land and make a good living until he had earned a reputation for honesty. He would then have no ex? cuse for relapsing into his old course, and there would be no need of his doing so. In fact, men would not so often be tempted to aggress on their fellows as now, ?nd real criminals would be few. What we should do with our crimi? nals, then, is, first, to abolish law made criminals by abolishing the laws which make them; second, to adopt the natu? ral tax cn land values, thus opening to all equal opportunities to make a good living without aggressing on others and to criminals who desire to reform a chance to do so, and, third, to abandon the idea of punishment and substitute( that of protecting individuals and so* cieiy. ? While in confinement % criminals should be deprived of as little freedom as possible. Neither work nor instruc? tion shoul?Vbe forced upon them, but both should be furnished if desired by them, as in most cases they undoubtedly would be. Thus their treatment would be an object lesson to them in respect for the rights of others, and prisons should be made true reform schools where the evil disposed or the insane could be fitted for an independent and honest life. EDWAED D. BURLEIGH. A GOOD WORK. The ladies cf Belleville, Ills., are do? ing nobly in providing work for all idle men in cleaning the streets. There is plenty of money in all of our cities to employ all the idle, and there is always plenty cf work that ought to be done. Let us lay aside a spurious charity and inaugurate a simple method of justice Ic is nothing but just that every map should have work and every child re? ceive a mental and mechanical educa? tion. / ? The amount of attention given to the tariff question indicates that the trend of opinion in America is toward higher protection. We should have a joint high commission to arrange for reciprocity between all the countries of the earth, and this would settle the most perplex? ing features of the tariff and cue diffi? culty in our money system-viz, the balance of trade. International business should balance itself. Johnson's Chill and Fe* I ver Tonic is a ONE'DA Y Cure. It cures the most stubborn case of Fever in 24 Hours* ^_ During the year jt-6t passed 131 per? sons were lynched, of whom 122 were in the south and 9 in the north. Of the lynched all were men except one. Eigh? ty were negroes and 51 whites. Of the ! 'odium of lynchings Louisiana has to I bear the greatest share, as more people j were put to dsath through this method j than in any other state, no less than 25 persons in Louisiana having been usn- ' ered out of existence in this informal j -way. j THE NEW BIBLE AND ITS ?EV7 USES. Thc lase rca years have witnessed a revolution cr evolution in regard to Bi? ble stozdj. In macy respects it may be truly said that we have a new Bible. The King James version was translated under difficulties. The exacting comli ciens of the king and church and thc im? perfect condition of the text made an accurate translation in;possible. The scholarship of the time was poer, and the civilizations to which the Bible be? longed were net weil known. The re? vised version of ISSI was hampered by a superstitious and ignorant conserva? tism and a slavish desire to make it as much like King James' version as possi? ble; All this was unsatisfactory to the ablest and most earnest Biblical critics. This dissatisfaction express?cWitsel? in many monographs by such able men as "Wellhauseu, Driver, Cheyne,' Kittel, Toy and Briggs. These works, while very able, were confined to single books cr phases of the Bible. It was desirable to have a Bible trans? lation free from crudities and the most thoroughgoing that could be had. Let the facts speak for themselves. The people were in darkness about the great advancement. One nobie scholar determined to make an effort to publish a Bible that embodied the highest re ' suits of learning, that men everywhere might know the facts as they are. Another excellent scholar, knowing that the Bible is a literature, that as such it must be studied and understood, is publishing the Old Testament from this viewpoint. Moulton's Modern^ Reader's Bible is a work that is destined to aid in creating an epoch in Bible study. Thc volumes are small, neat and compact Each one has an introduction and at the end explanatory notes thai really explain. The text is in two kinds of type, the larger giving the continuous ' narrative and the. smaller the genealo? gies, etc. Here is an illustration taken from Genesis: "And Noah lived after the fleed 350 years. And all the days of 2\oah were 950, and he died.'' NOTT these arc. thc generations of the sens of ?oah : Shem. Hara and Japheth. One can read the larger type narrative and get a continuous history of the Jews fh Bible language. The other movement to which ref? erence has been made is the polychrome Bible, under the directorship of Dr. Paul Haupt of Johns Hopkins univer? sity. This work is in two editions-the one which furnishes a correct Hebrew text-i. e., as correct as the advance? ment of textual criticism will admit; the other is an English translation, with introduction and notes. Each book is under the editorship of a specialist This will be. at once the most thor? oughgoing and able edition of the Eng? lish Bible and will have a marked influ? ence in reviving a study of the Bible, now obsolete among the people, and in modifying to no small extent, the cur? rent conservative views of the Bible. To give one instance of modification, that fine passage in Job which reads in the old version, "I know that my redeemer liveth," now reads, "I know that my avenger liveth. " This is a clear loss in sentiment, but a great gain in accuracy, and we must be accurate, cos6 what it may. _ THE HIGHER oCftV "Or OFFICERS. The officers of a state (and I include all public officers in the phrase) ought to exercise the most scrupulous justice toward the people, who elect and feed them. For the most part they are care? less about this very matter. Most in? justice is fonnd in financial affairs, and here thc most care should be used. lur? ing thc last two years prices have stead? ily declined and business has decreased. Only about one-fifiieth cf 1 per cent of the business element of the country has made money. Farmers, laborers, etc., have had smaller incomes. But during all this time our officers have drawn their regular salaries, showing that they were not willing tc share the burdens of depression, and hence not fully com? petent foi; the positions they held. This greed even pervades the ranks of the clergy. How many of them ii ave volun? tarily reduced their salaries? One of them said to me, "I intend to have my money," and this in the face of dire poverty in the community in which he lived. If, during these days of poverty and hunger and nakedness, some one man would propose to reduce his income one half, the country would be electrified. We should begin to agitate.for an ad? justable law by which all officers' sala? ries are proportioned to the income of the people. We have no right to set apart a favored few who shall be the recipients of special privileges. Even now, while men are hungry, the govern? or of one state-a state that is in debt asks for ?30,000 for repairing his man? sion. Has such a man any patriotism other than that of greed and pride? If he should offer to give half of. his Ealary to the poor in wages, how the people would rally all over that state und feel that ene man among them was truly noble! The same rule should apnly to officers in corporations, to physician::, lawyers and all other persons who earn wages. Why take Johnson's Chii? & Fever Tonic? Because it cures the wost stubborn case of Fever in ONE DA Y. Fast Freight Line BETWEEN Sumter, S. C., The North, Northwest, South and Southwest, -VIA AUGUSTA & GEORGIA R. R. Rates aod information furoished by B. &. JACKSON, T. F. A. Colombia, S C A. G JACKSON, G. P. A., Augusta, Ga Dec 8. Wita ana Santon B. H Ia effect January 15th, 1896 TRAINS GOING NORTH Ny. 72* LeaTe Wilsons il il 1 9 IO a rc t: Jordon. & 35 a as Davis. 9 'xb d r . ,: >Jurnuicrtoa, IO lila rs " Millard, IO 45 a iz " Silver, ll 10 a = Pacssn?le, i 1 30 p tn " Tindal, ll 55 p tr " W. & S. June, 12 27 p IO Ar. Sumter, 12 30 r- m TRAINS GOING SOUTrl No. 73.* Lev.ve Sumter, 2 30 D rc " W.&S.'Jauc, 2 22 D n ,. Tindal, 2 5? p c. " Packsviilet 3 10 p m " Silver, 3 35 p o. " Millard, 3 45 p m " Ssmmertor, 4 40 p ra <. Davis, 5 20 p m <? Jordon, 5 50 p m Ar, Wilson Mill, ?30 pm Trains between Millard and St. Paul leave i Millard 10 Vt a m and 3 45 p m., armi?o, j St. Pani 10 25 a m and 3 55 p m. ReturniujL ; leave St. Paul 10 35 a. m and 4 10 p m, and j arrive Millard 10 45 a m and 4 20 p m. Dai j ly except Sunday. ?Daily except Sn nd av ; TKJMAS WILSON Predeieo? Atlantic Coast Line. WILMINGTON. COLUMBIA AND AUGUS TA RAILROAD. CONDENSED; SCHEDULE TRAINS GOING SOUTH. j Dated May 16, 1893. No.55.|No.51.| Leave Wilmington Leave Marion.' Arrive Florence I Leave Florence i Arrive Sumter ? Leave Sao?ei' ? Arrive Columbia ?P.M. I ! *3 40 i 6 40 ! 7 25 P. M. : A.M. *7 40? ?3 35 19 121 4 40 !No.52. P.M. j A.M. 9 151 *9 35 10 35! 10 55! No. 52 rans through irom Charleston ia Central R. R.f leaving Lanes 8 26 a. m., Man ning 9 05 a. m. TRAINS GOING NORTH. Leave Columbia Arrive Sumter Leave Sumter Arrive Florence Leave Florence Leave Marion Arrive Wilmington No.54. A.M. *5 50 7 12 A. M. 7 15 8 25 A.M. 8 55 9 34 12 15 No.53. P.M *5 15 6 35 No.50. P.M. *6 ' 7~ .Daily, fDaily except Sunday. No. 53 rans through tc Charleston, S. C., m Central R. R., arriving Manning 7 10 p. m.-, Lanes 7 48 pm., Charleston 9 30 p. m. Trains on Conway Branch Isave Chad bourn 10 40 a. m., arrive at Conway way 1 00 p.m., returning leave Conway at 2 45 p. m., f -ive Chadbourn 5 15 p. ur* .teave Chadbourn > ?Op m., arrive at Hub at 6 20 p. m., returning leave Hub 8 30 a.m. arrive at Chadbourn 9.15 a. m. Daily ex? cept 3undi;v JOHN F. DIVINE, Gea'I Supt. J. * KENLT, Gen'l Manager. T. M. EMERSON, Traffc Manacer Atlantic Coast Line. Manchester & Augusta Railroad CONDENSED SCHEDULE Ia effect Januarv 19, 1S96. TRAINS GOING SOUTH No. *35. Nc. f57. A. if. A.. M. Lv Darlington, 7 53 Lv Elliott, 8 4? Ar Sumter, 9 25 Lv Sumter, 4 30 Ar Creston, 5 22 Lv Creston, 5 45 Ar Pregnells, 9 15 Ar Orangcburg, 5 47 Ar Denmark, 6 20 P. If. A. If. I, U, TRAINS GOING NORTH. No. T56 AO. *32 L. if. P. U Lv Denmark, 4 55 Lv Orangeburg; 5 25 Lv PregnMls, 10 00 Ar Cre3tcn, 3 50 Lv Creston, 5 47 Ar Sumter, jt> 40 Lv Sumter, 6 55 Ar Elliott, 7 40 Ar Darlington 8 30 PK P. H. - > * Daily. f Daily except Sunday. Traine 50 and 51 carry through Pullman Palace Buffet Sleeping Cars between New Tork md Atlanta via Augusta. T. M. EMERSON, H. M. EMERSON, Tramo Manager Aes't Ger.. Pass. Apt' J. R. KENLT. Gen'! Manager. NOTICE OF REGISTRATION. THE STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA, SUMTER COUNTY. OFFICS OK SUPERVISOR OF REGISTRATION, SUMTER COUNTY. SUMTER, S. C., May I, ISr?7. Notice is hereby piven that in accordance with an Act of the General Assembly, the booka for the registration of all I ega i ly quali? fied voters, ?nd for the issuing of traosfers, kc, will tie open ?t the court house, between the hours of 9 o'clock a. m., and 3 o'clock p. a.. on tte first Monday of each month, and for three successive ?lay?, until thirty days tefore the oexf g?n?ral election. Minora who shall become of f?ge during thut period of thirty days, shall be eotitltrd to registration before the books; are c'osed, if otherwise Qualified W.S.JAMES, E. F BURROWS, J. M. KNIGHT, May 12. Supervisors of Registration. Atlantic Coast Line, Sorfe-Saslers S. R, ol' S. C TRAINS GOING SOUTH. 16, LS2?" ! * i * ! ;? j li., li. j ? K.j Le. Florence ! 3 33i 7 35; ! ""Kingstree ; j 8 50j ! j Ar. La?-s ?4 4&j 9 15 ? ?..j ? Le. Lane- ; 4 4?i 9 15? T 52; j Ar. Cb:,ri1 t's j 6 10[lO 50 9 23? A.M. 1 ?. M ' P X.| TRAINS GOING NO STE. i so TS ! NO 32 ' N0.5'. j A M. ! Le. CharlYc j 5 30 ? M. J A. M 7 00 8 26 5 20 Ar. L^nes j 7 05 . 6 45 Le. Lines J 7 05 j 6 45 " Kingstree | 7 23 ! Ar. Florence \ 8 25 I T 55 j ! I A.M. ' P. M. i ?. M. ! ?Daily, yDaily except Sunday. No. 52 runs through to Columbia ria Ceo tra! R. R. of S. C. Traies Nos.'TS and 32 rec via VTiigc.u as? . Fay ellaville- Short Line-and make clere j ccnr.ectioo for all points North. Trains on C. & D R R. ieave Fioreoce 8 55 a ra, arriv? Darlington G 23 :t rn, Che raw,10 40 a m. Wadesboro 2 25 p m. Leave j F'rrs-oce, dash except Sunday, 8 10 p ra, ar j rive Dnriingion 8 40 p ra, Kartsviile 9 35 p j m, Beonettsvtile 9 3? p rn, Gibson 10 00 p m. j Leave Florence, Sunday only 9 00 p rn, ar ! rive Darlington 9 27 a ra, Hurtsville 10 10 i a rn. j Leave Gir.son daiiy except Sunday 6 15 a i cj, Beorieitsvilis 6 41 a m, arrive Darlington I 7 40 a ra. Leave Eartsriile dxiiy escept Sua : day C 30 a ra, arrive Darlington 7 15 am, i leave Dnriioertcn 7 45 a ra, arrive Fiorer.ce I 8 15a m. Leave Wadesnoro, daily ercept ; Sunday 3 00 p ra . Ghent K 5 15 pm, Dar ; iu;gion 6 27 p a . Florence 6 55 p ra Leave ; Hurtsville, Sucdav or.iv 7 ?JG a m , Darling I ton 7 45 a m , arrive Flor?ate S 10 ? m. I J R. KEN-LT. JKO. F. DI VIN 15 Gen'l S?s.nsger, Geo i Sap't I T V. R.\?KRS<"iK traffic tfp.osirfr 1 & 8 New Crop 1897. New Comb Honey in pound sections. Choice Extracted Honey, bj the galion or less quantity. For sale at my residence, or orders may be left office of the Watchman and Southron. ISL G. Osteea. THE BANK OF SUMTER, SUMTER, S. C. City and County Depostor y Transacts a general Bunking business, also bas A Savings Bank Department, Deposits of Si and upwards received. In? terest allowed at the rate of 4 per cent, per annurx. Payable quarterly, on first days of Januarv, April. Ju Iv and October. W.F.fi HAYNS WORTH, W F. P.HAME, Cashier President. Ji'n 13 <5 ?^jr., WHOLESALE BROKERS. *-ANI> Cotton Storage Warehouse PROPRIETORS.; UP-TOW1V OFFICE: COURT HOUSE SQUARE, 1,000 Tons High Grade Am moniated Fertilizer, 1,000 Tons Acid with Potash. 500 Tons Dissolved Bone. 500 Tons German Kainit, 400 Tons C. 8. Meal, For Sale. We are prepared to meet any and all prices for STAND? ARD GOODS. Get our prices before purchasing. Respectfully. HARBY & co. Dec. 16. i A-J" -Tte ? orninrr a :-":ct-1: r:i? -J ?SCrirri I N:> ci: f qtticklrascertain, :Yce. whethi r .>:: invention ii I )>r6bati:y pate taWe. Ccrr.iwjTJc.v.:ons strictly I confidential. Oldest apene; fersccurinr: patents I in Am?ne::. We have :v Wcst?P??^s or?.cr. { Patents taken throujt? 31'..:. i & Co. .vj.-.ivo 6?fcciai cotice in ti:e 8CIEKT1F?? AMERiOAK, h#e.?int!fclJ~ ii!::<?r:!ifarsrest circulation o? anyseientifle i >tiri:.i?. we? k!y,tena?>?3.t(! : " ~: ti.iJjyix mtmih?. specimen copies and im.Nn BOOK O" ' ?\V?KST$ .?eat free. AcLiresa MUNN -J. CO., 3?>? Broad WK r, New York. Order Your PROVISIONS AND GROCERIES FROM !. W. STEFFENS & holesale Agents, Charleston, S C -Agents for LOTT'S CIDER USD SEAL CIGrARS, AND DOVS HAMS .THE ti ??3 EST! 5? Fur Sales 1,000 Tons Prime Cotton Seed Meal of our own manufacture. ALSO 500 Tons "Standard" or ''Royal" Brand. Am moniated G-uano. 500.Tons Genuine Q-erman Kainit. 500 Tons Acid with. Potash. 300 Tons Dissolved Bone. You will save money by giving us a chance to sell you. Up-Town Office : Main Street, next to Court House Squar?. Mill at A. C. L. Depot. P. MOSES, President. A. C. PHEEPS, Sec. & Treas. -r-BM-B 1 ? ?' 1 11 ? achinerf SEE THE E ATE ST WIN Buy none but the Deering ; it is the best up-to-date Mower. MACHINERY OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS. H. B. Bloom. _Sumter, S. C. WON'T HATCH Neither will proclamations on dead wails revive languishing trade. fl Is the great 7 FOR HATCHING v OUT BUSINESS. UPPLY 232 Meeting Street, Cbarlestoa, S. C. STATE AGENTS FOFL SALE CF Wholesale NAVV Hearers. V i ?v^-----'Vr.;r Tin PUte Sheet Iron, r~ Tinners' .eWw^^ Supplies, Over 200 diff?rent styles or' Cooking and Heating Stover. Also Oil Cockers acd Heaters. We waDt thc ies.diog merchant in every town tu the State to sell our lines of Stoves. We auaraotee fuli protection in bis territory io each ?gent we appoint If not sold io your town scud direct to u? for cut? an?: price?. Oct 27, MftiMKi 1lilll?E k m H^M ?l I ? || . i k S , ^ire Insurance Agency, I Blt 11 ?| I li < I ESTABLISHED 1866. oi.;::ITami ;?'tl i-i ' .<. <: Represent, among other Companies : ten^'1 'y*?Tv !<l?'-'?i'W-- ?? I . M? ( LIVERPOOL & LONDON & GLOBE, tain i;:itet."ts-nij,-ss ?r.u- ii.ati ;' - .. .V';'; NORTH BRITISH & MERCANTILE PHOTO.of inventtoti. 'A; 1 ; HOME, ot New York, ?lnlitv free of elm rue si ?.! we n::ti .? ' ?.?:??'>.? , UXLKSS PA TEX T JS >/'' l: Kn. \ UNDERWRITERS' AGENCY, N. Y. For circular, advice, tenu.; JIM.. rr vie? ?Ces W . actual clients in y>"r own State.< <>UIM.V. < ny >.if LANCASTER INSURANCE CO. Sown, write to g^^JgEjggS: Capital represented $75,000,000. Oppctiit Paient Office. Washington, J). & | Feb. 2S