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?t)e lU ti tc l)m nn ant &mffyttm. w -----?^--------------^---^--- - - - - - THE SUMTER WATCHMAN, Established April,,! S50. "Be Just and Fear not-Let all the Ends thou Aims't at, be thy Country's, thy God's and Truth's." THE TKUE SOUTHRON, Established June 126r> Consolidated Aug. 2,1881. SUMTER, S. C., WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 23,1895. New Series-Vol. XIV. No. 26. CJjc ffl?fam aub Sonftron PaUis_ed S very TC edaesday, -BY KT. Gr. Osteen, SUMTER, S. C. TERMS : Two Dollars per anona-ir. advance. ADTSSTISIHEST: Ooe Square first insertion.$1 00 Every subsequent insertion?.. 50 Contracts for three montbst cr longer will be made at reduced rates. All communications which subserve private interests will be charged for as advertisements. Obituaries and tributes of respect will be charged for. Johnnie Draws His Gun. And Scores a "Balls Eye" in The "Ring* of Bings. WASHINGTON, D.C., Jan. 13,1895. To the Editor of the Register : Dear Sir : As there seems to be a lull in State politics, and without a positive knowledge of what is doing or going to be done, I submit here? with my own peculiar opinions of the situation. The time for action, it seems to me, has arrived, and thus believing, I shall not longer stifle my convictions, but shall speak frankly and unreserv? edly as I think the necessities of the situation 'require, and abide the con? sequences, whatever they may be : The general poverty and depres? sion in the country at large is inten? sified by local conditions. Ko one expected the "movement" of 1890 to divide our people into two absolutely hostile camps. And the whole thing can be largely traced to the abandonment of the primary elec? tion principle last summer to promote the interest of certain individuals. The Constitutional Convention is upon us, and, with it and our inter? necine strife, the "nigger in the wood pile" is reviving. "Not dead, but sleepcth" is writ? ten over the attenuated corpse of the Democratic party north of Mason and Dixon's line, and even in our own section and among our own people signs of decay are visible. Our old allies will not help us and can no longer be relied upon. Let us help ourselves. The inter? ests of ninety-nine oat of every one hundred of our citizens are identical. A convention of a faction, no mat? ter how able its membership or good its work, will be disastrous and drive us further apart. Everyone admits that, but unfortunately we have be? come such astute politicians that each of us is afraid to move for fear of . injuring his chances of securing some office, from that of county coroner to Presideut of the United States. We are breeding tyrants and political cowards in South Carolina. Too. much policy and not enough of patriotism. Why, my dear sir, I came within an ace of ruining my flattering political prospects last summer by a few innocent and kind observations made to "My Dear Appell." But whatever the result, I have the satisfaction of knowing * that I coined at least one or two apt words and phrases, which, if they did not enrich the English language, will live fer some time descriptio personae. Ever since I wrote that letter (in which, God knows, I was honest), I have been maligued, misrepresented and misquoted. Every time I open? ed my mouth I was charged with being in league witb "Butler/' but that can be done no longer, as Gen. Butler is out of politics and will soon be a private citizen ; while we differ on some things politically, he will carry with him my undying friend? ship and respect. Had it not been ! for the misconstruction which true friends, whose opinion I value, would have placed upon my conduct, I would have died a thousand political deaths before submitting to what I did. The people have honored me, I love them, and have studied hard and tried to give them value receiv? ed. I have come to the conclusion that I do not care whether I ever hold an? other office or not, if it involves the least sacrifice of dignity, honor or principle, and I do not propose to occupy any equivocal or uncertain position. 1 am in favor of harmoniz? ing the factions, if such a thing be possible, but in order to do that we must destroy a "Ring" more despe? rate, more autocratic, more tyranni? cal, more unscrupulous than ever dominated the State or controlled the destinies of a free people-I defy them ? Let them take the office I hold, if they can. They cannot muzzle ray tongue nor stifle my manhood or independence. They nie now making prepa a tiqn to control the Constitutional convention and thereby perpetuate themselves io power, and if neces? sary to accomplish this, white men, as well as the negro, will be ruth ! iessly disfranchised. The "Antis" ! one part are cowed and whipped, the other part too mad to have any sense, ! and while a part of the "Reformers" who want fair play have been silent, an arrogant minority, held together by the cohesive power of spoils, runs rough-shod over all. Offices are multiplied by the thousand to prevent "kicking," while the hands of the executive are strengthened by un? limited patronage and the towns intimidated by the threat of depriv? ing them of the precious heritage of local self-government. The Alliance has been destroyed or simply convert? ed into an adjunct of the political machine by methods that would make the stripes of the Tammany tiger pale with. envy. Men are afraid to speak, or speak with bated breath. Pretended salary reduc? tions on the principle of cutting everybody else's salary except their own. While the patient, toiling masses are in debt and straining every nerve to keep the "wolf from the door," their attention is led away and centered upon personal and local issues, that no matter which way they are decided will benefit no one except a few individuals. What in ;he name of heaven can the people expect from such purblind statesman? ship ? Where do they come in ? Every man, woman and child in South Carolina knows that I am tell? ing the truth and many good Reform? ers see in the ugly picture the finale to the beautiful dream of 1890. Our only hope is to get together in this convention and if possible, prevent the "Ring" from controlling it, and frame a Constitution which will command the respect and con? fidence of the whole people, thereby uniting and placing us in a position in 1876 where we can avail ourselves of the most favorable opportunity that National politics may then offer. It is useless to temporize ; if we be men, let us act, and, at leats purchase an honorable defeat. For what I have already said and ! done along this line I have been the subject of vituperation, slander and abuse and I shrink (no one knows ! how much) from offering myself as a ! further target to the foul pen of hire i lings and slaves. If doing my duty manfully and conscientiously relegates me to pri? vate life, I welcome it. Let the phalanx put all of its spears into my body, if thereby the cause of liberty is conserved. It was the expressed hope of many that the "Forty" ere this would have taken such action as would have made their influence felt on the line indicated by them, which met with such general approval throughout the State. I hope and believe the matter will soon consummate in definite action, and thereby unite all those who sin? cerely want "peace aud unity." Men who posses the courage of their convictions must confer in the near future and adopt such a line of action as will subserve the best in? terests of the State. It is a fight against "bossism and ring rule," which seeks to prostitute every prin? ciple of popular rights to selfish pur? poses. Let those who believe peace can be obtained without an effort deceive themselves no longer. Peace has never been purchased without a stern battle to secure its blessings. Yours respectfully, JNO. L. MCLAURIX. Bock Hill's Good Roads. ROCK HILL, ?lanuary 15.-Special : The bad weather and consequent com? plaints of mud have directed attention to the work that ha* been done by Rock Hill io the line of securing good roads. About two years since it was decided to build highways goiog from the town in all directions. Private subscriptions were secured from towo and from the country adjacent along the lino of the proposed routes. The county authorities agreed to furnish a rock crusher and a steam engine and to pay one hundred dollars, Rock Hill gave one-fourth the cost and built the roads up to the town limits. The roads were located carefully by a civil engineer. A road bed thirty feet wide was raised above the surround iog soil by large ploughs. This was packed hard by the use of heavy rollers. A track ten feet wide io the centre was then macadamized, a track ten feet wide being left on each side for use in the summer. The rock in the macadamiz? ed portion is from six to eight inches deep. The whole road is well drained by side ditches, and io the worst of weather is hard and affords every facili? ty for travelling. Two road* extend? ing one three, the other three and one half miles beyond the city limits, have been completed Subscriptions were made for an amount hufiicient to com? plete as m uch more, but more pressing matters have stopped the work for a short time These roads have made j plain the great value of money aud work expended in rbis way. They have proved almost like arms reaching out from town !o country with mutual bene? fit.-Kef;s and Courier. A Story of A. T. Stewart. S That was a nice little story Mr. I George Jewet told me yesterday afternoon and as it has a good moral attached to it ? give it here, although it might be odd to some people, says Macon Telegraph. "I beard jhe sto? ry when I was a boy", said Mr Jew? et, "but I have often thought of it since when reminded of careless extravag? ance of we southern people. A promin? ent Georgian was delegated by his church to go to New York and re? quest of A. T. Stewart, tbe dry j goods prince, a contribution to the church. The Georgian went to New York and on entering Mr. Stewart's mammoth store was shown back to the private office of the millionaire. On entering the office he heard the mil \ lionaire quarreling with a young ! man, and not wishing to interrupt them, he stood at the door for a mom? ent. While standing at the door he heard Mr. Stewart teil the young i man to never again seal a letter with ? a whole wafer, but to divide them j and make each wafer do for two let ! ters. Mind yo i this was long ago, j when wafers cf sealing wax were used in sealing letters, aud as a waf? er was not worth anything to 6qeak of, the Georgian was about to turn back, thinking Mr. Stewart too stin? gy and too mean to give anything, when Mr. Stewart noticed him and asked him his business. The Geor? gian was considerably embarassed, but was frank enough to tell Mr. Stewart that he came there for the purpose of asking him to contribute to a certain church, but as he had heard him quarreling with one of his young men about using one whole wafer in sealing an envelope he thought it would be ?seles for him to ask for a contribution. 'Why, my dear sir' said Mr. Stewart, 'it is by looking after these little things that I am enabled to give you $1,000 for the church you represent7, and turn? ing aside to his bookkeeper he told him to write out a check for $1,000 for the church the Georgian repre? sented. The G rgian was greatly astonished, bu when Mr. Stewart told him that b had accumulated his wealth by sav; g pins and scraps, he leit for home with different views from those he had entertained before. A Successful Harvard Dis? sertation. A bright young Harvard mau, who is at home in Rochester for the holi? days, tells this very characteristic story, which shows that the spirit of at least one university is not confined to the undergraduates, says the Roch? ester Democrat and Chronicle. The members of his class are re? quired at regular intervals to hand in to one of their instructors dissertations upon themes of their own choosing. There is no set rule as to the length of the papers, and, in fact, nothing is insisted upon except the one point that the work shall be completed and presented at a given time. It hap pened that dissertation day fell at a time when most of the class had just returned from witnessing a game of football between the Yale and the Harvard elevens, a game which did not turn out exactly as the devotees of the crimson would have wished. One of the members of the class in question, having no heart to attempt a more elaborate effort, wrote upon a sheet of paper the epigrammatic ex? pression, "To h-1 with Yale," properly signed it, and handed it in to the instructor as his thesis. Then he was taken with a panic. He saw all kinds of dire possibilities compass? ing him about, and regarded suspen? sion from a term as the least penalty that would be apt to follow his au? dacity. At last the day came when the papers were returned, indorsed with the criticisms of the instructor, il is was handed to him, and he scarcely dared look at it, but at last he summoned up courage and read this inscription: "Precise, accurate, and to the point." - - -- A Cincinnati bootblack has fallen heir to $65,000. This indicates that fortune, like death, occasionally loves a shiniug mark.-Borton Globe. Hereafter, coroners, and trial justices acting as coroners, can no longer hold inquests on their own discretion. At the recent session of the legblaturc, it was provided that inquests must only be held upon the written approval of two or more reputable citizens ci the neighborhood in which the body ot the deceased is found. This applies to all coroners who are paid io fees. It is greatly to be regretted that con? gressmen cannot gtop playing politics loos; enough to enable them to do a lit? tle legislating for tue beneBt of the country. There ought to be among them enough capaMe and patriotic mon who arc willing to sink politics for thc present for thc common good. '?"herc is no doubt that if all the c-ngro.-mcn win, are in favor of a sound currency Micuhl get together they could fra<jic a banking and currency bill that would give thc couotry the financial relief that is so ur^ent1^ demanded. IT PAYS LIKE A GOLD MINE I BUT - ? From The Daily Item. The Sumter Item reports that, from data before it, it ie satisfied that the tobacco crop in Sumter County has been a profitable one, though seme fanners have lost money on it ; "there is no doubt about tobacco having become an established crop" in the county: that "fine tobacco" can be raised there ; that when the soil is adopted to the plant "it can be made the most profitable crop grown in that section ;" and that some planters report having "made from $25 to $80 net per acre, and others estimate that they made more than that." Our contemporary adds, however, that "the outlook for an increase in the tobacco acreage is not bright, as far as can be learned," and "the culture of tobacco may not be ex? tended this year." We must confess that we do not understand what this conclusion signifies or implies. If the new crop has proved generally profitable, and has become generally established in consequence ; if fine tobacco can be grown there and can be made the most profitable crop grown in one of the best agricultural sections of the State ; and if some farmers have cleared $25 to $80 an acre, "and more than that," growing tobacco, we beg to be permitted to ask why the acreage of the crop should not and will not be extended 1 It beats cotton at 5 cents a pound, and corn and wheat at 50 to 70 cents a bushel. No new crop could well show better returns for its first year, and the reported returns ought to suffice to cause all the counties around Sumter to go into tobacco raising on a large scale. Even at $25 an acre profit-to say nothing of the $80 and more-it should drive cotton out of the field without ceremony. There are some farmers in the State who, if current stories are to be believed, did not make $25 last year on forty or fifty acres of cotton. Yet the Sumter farmers turn away from this tempting and paying crop and will not go extensively into the business of growing it, while their neighbors in Darlington and Florence propose to quadruple their acreage in the same crop this year. It is strange and unaccountable behavior on their part. Perhaps, however, they have lound something that pays better than tobacco. The Item should let the farmers of other counties into the scret.-News and Courier We can give, in part, the expla? nation asked and will do so. Tobacco has been planted in this county to some extent for four years. The first year one or two parties planted experimentally ; but as is often the case, the experiment was made on too large a scale. One man planted tw.enty-five or thirty acres and the others scarcely less. The expense was heaiy, as a matter of course. Barns and packing houses had to be built, planters and other impliments purchased, and overseers, who un? derstood cultivating and curing tobacco, employed. The first year the crop was not a success financial? ly, and one of those who had invest? ed a large amount of money in barns abandoned tobacco after the first crop. The next year, however, the acre? age was increased six or eight fold, and quite a number undertook the experiment on a small scale-plant? ing fi om three to five acres"; al? though others planted twenty-five to forty acres and invested $800 to ?1/200 in barns, etc. On this crop several made a fair profit above the gross expense, while others, those who had planted extensively, in par? ticular, fast money. The third year, 1893, there was a slight increase in the tobacco acre? age, more farmers planting tobacco, although those who had planted so extensively the previous year re? duced their acreage. Owing to mishaps, drouths at critical times and hailstorms-the crops of seveal planters were total failures. Others, however, were successful and grew fine tobacco, for which they received fair prices. Last year. 1894, the acreage was reduced in some sections of thc county, but increased in others. As we have said, the crop was generally profitable. Now for the reasons why the acreage of the crop wi li not be increased The usual experience has been that tobacco culture is an expensive experiment the first year. That it is an exacting crop-requir? ing intelligent treatment from the time the plant beds are prepared., until it is graded, packed and sold. Few persons have the money to build barns, packing houses, and hire a tobacco expert, and it is out of the question to think of obtaining advances to plant an experimental j j crop ; for when tobacco is a failure j j it is the most complete failure im? aginable. For instance, there is a farmer in this county whose crop of eight or teu acres was affected with a disease known as "frog-eye/ and none of the tobacco was sale? able, except as trash, which was quoted at two to three cents per pound. Another detering cause is the to? bacco expert. It not infrequently happens that the men who are em? ployed as experts know little or nothing about the crop, and succeed only in loosing money for ther em? ployers. Another is the trouble experienced in marketing the crop after it is made, cured and graded. We are distant from the markets and when the planters ship their tobacco to the warehou8ep they are at the mercey of the tobacco buyers, who often, by collusion, bid in the tobacco at a fraction of its value. To avoid this a number of farmers have hauled there tobacco to Darlington and Florence, a distance of 30 to 45 miles, and even then, though present them selve, there were complaints that the tobacco did not sell for what it was worth. The men who made money plant? ing tobacco have done so only after several years of experience. Those who have been most successful are those who have planted small crops and given then close attention. Those who have made the most money per acre are the small planters who run one or two plows and do the greater part of their work themselves. In one section of the county a num? ber of these small farmers clubbed together and employed a man to cul? tivate and cure their tobacco the first year ; and we are informed that these men have been uniformly success? ful in the growing of tobacco. We are satisfied that there will be a gradual extension of the crop in 1 :is coun'^ but not this year for the rea? sons given above. The ability to build barns would insure a considerable increase in acreage ; and the erection of a ware? house in Sumter, insuring a conven? ient market, would be a great stimu? lus to tobacco culture in Sumter County. Until there is a warehouse here, tobacco will remain a side issue among the products of the County. But even with these disadvantages against tobacco culture, we have never been abie to understand why many more planters, who are well able to incur the expense of building barns and employing an overser, do not plant tobacco. There is money in it, and we shall be prepared at an early day to prove the assertion by figures. The highest death rate of any town in the civilized world is tbat of the City of Mexico-forty per thousand. The city is 7,003 feet about sea level, but in spite of this fact its defective draioage makes the mortality very great. Mr. Romero, the Mexican minister at Washington explains in a recent article that wheo the water in Lake Texcoco is high it backs up into the sewers until the soil under the , houses asd in the streets is saturated | ^ with sewage. j ^ A genius of a chemist io Xew York j g calculates to work upon the fad of ? i, having dogs for pits for some dollars. v He judges from the way society women ? f? and stage favorites bury their noses in , <j the hair of shaggy little dogs that they j j must really like the odor of the dog. j He has, therefore, made a soap which ! ^ he advertises will impart "that doggy i g smell.'" It is presumed that the young | sf men who desire io supplant the dogs ci will wash their hands aod euri their ! jj mustaches with the chemist's new- r< fangled soap. ! b Highest of all in Leavening Powe: ITEMS. There is one of two things about this \rmenian business ; either the Turks ire the most inhuman monsters that in ?abit this globe, or the accomplished iar from Wichita has gone over to Armenia.-Lawrence Kansas Journal. "Say, Tuffnutte, how did this story ;et started about you being a trimmer n politics?' Oh, that was just a little eke. It was founded on my cutting off lld man Jackson's ear at the primary ast month."-Cincinnati Tribune. ''What won't these city women do ?est,'Smanthy ? What's all this talk ibont umbrella skirts V "I never did ee a man yet, Silas, that didu't make . fool of hisself when he took to talkin' bvut women's fixiu's. Common sense ught to have told you they raised them kirts when it raios."-Pittsburg Dispatch. The Augusta Herald notes that ac ?ordiog to statistics just completed with egard to new textile manufactories, the southern States hold their own in great tyle. Out of a total of 263 new plants, forth Carolina furnishes 26, South karolina 23, Georgia 19, Virginia 8 nd Texas 7. The time is not far dis? ant when 90 per cent, of the money in ested in new cotton industries will ind its way to the south. Manifestations of the New woman are aultiplyi?g. Ooe of them stopped a aan on the streets of Detroit, pulled a dgar and asked for a light Up io alaine a muscular woman is working up , paying busiuess spanking her neigh tor's bad boys at 50 cents a spank. Berlin has now a ladies' club, ounded under the patronage of the impress Frederick, and named for ier "The Victoria.'7 It possesses a ine library, a grand piano and com ortably furnished rooms, but no uisine, meale, however, being supplied rom a restaurant next door. Early losing is tbe rule, lights being turned ut at 10 p. m. When Jacob's sons brought feacd om from Egypt, the patriarch was so leeply impressed by the fertility of hat country that he readily accepted lis soc Joseph's iuvit?tion to make it iif home. Wheo Nebraskans behold Jeorgia's grand contribution to her lecessities, her people, with glad and jratefui hearts, will be all the more iclined to come to this land of plenty, vhich opens its doors wide to immi? grants and bids ther enter and enjoy iet harvest.-LaGrange Reporter. Says the Chicago Times: "Colonel AT. C. P. Breckinndge is failing to ;arn a livelihood as a public lecturer, vliss Madeline Poilard has been turned mt of every position she has secured is soon as her identify was discovered. Che press of the country seems in diced to hail these facts as most rlorious illustrations of the virtue of he people. There is no memory of be iojunctirn that he that is without sin hould throw the firsi stone, no thought hat the merciful are blessed, no desire o temper justice with mercy. We bink it would redound mightily to the redit of the American press if this jounding of two weak people, who larmed none save themselves, might low be stopped." It was io France that the first serious {fort was made to establish the manu actare of carpets in the fashion of the )rient, says Good Words. This was n the reign of Louis XIV, and under he direction of his minister Colbert, [*he royal manufactories were designed o furnish all manner of furniture, and n the Gobelins and Bavauvais factories !50 master weavers wove rich tapestries. )uriog the revolution of 1789, these actories were almost suppressed, but Sapoleon I. revived the manufactories .nd furnished his palaces with their oom work. The national workshops of france still continue, and the woven tuffs of Gobelins, Beauvais, and the Savonnerie are accounted among the mest in Europe. The knowledge of arpet weaving wa* presumably iutro .uced into P]nglaud from France during he persecution of the Huguenots, the arpet weavers, with other artistic raftsmen, fled for refuge to England, nd established themselves ia various owns. Axminster, in Devonshire, ?as one of these, and also the town of Viltou. These places retained their upremacy for a long time, but. with the atroduction of the Jacquard loom and arious improved processes of maou icture, the industry was successfully eveloped in Kidderminster, Durham, [ilraanock and Glasgow. -m - ? ? ?? - There is good reason for the popularity of harnberlain's Cough Remedy. Davis <fc uzird, of West Monterey, Clarion Co , Pa., ly : "It has cured people that our physi? cs could do nothing for. We persuaded iem to try a bottle of Chnmberiain's Cough emedy and they now recommend it with the tst of us." 'lb and 50 cent bottles for sale y Dr. A J. China. SLY PURE