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mau ftit? IHK SUMTER WATCHMAN, JMartrttthed AprD, 1850? ltBe Just and Fear not-Let allTthe Ends thou Aims't at, be thy Country's, thy God's and Truth's." THE TRUE SOUTHRON, Established Jane, 1366 m SUMTER, S. C., WEDNESDAY, MARCH 14, 1894. New Series-Vol. XIII. So. 33, Published Ssw Wednesday, INT. Gr. Osteen, Two ?o&o p<J*naj?n^i^advance. ADVERTISI?SKT: One Square first insertion....-....?.$100 Contracts for three months, or longer will Sfrmfecatioos ^ncb subserve ^v*te j NEW LIBERTY STREET, SUMTER, S: C. WE HAVE FORMED A CO-PARTNERSHIP For the purpose of working Marble and Granite, manufacturing limits, Meies, lc And doing a General Business in that line. A complete workshop has been fitted up on LIBERTY STREET, NEAR POST OFFICE And we are now ready to execute with promptness all orders consigned to us. Satis? faction guaranteed. Obtaiu our price before placing ac order elsewhere. W. H. COMMANDER, G. E. RICHARDSON. Jnne 16. H. A. HOYT, MAIN STREET. SUMTER, S. C. GOLD AND SILVER WATCHES, FINE DIAMONDS, Clocks, Jtadxy, Spectacles, MERIDEN BRITANIA SILVERWARE, Ac. REPAIRING A SPECIALTY. Feb. 1 WRIGHT'S HOTEL COLUMBIA, S. C. 3. L. WRIGHT & SON, Proprietor?. OTTOF. WEITERS WHOLESALE 9 AND LIQUOR DEALER, OFFICE AND SALESROOM: 183 East Bay, Charleston, S. G. NOT. 7-o Order Your PROVISIONS AND GROCERIES FROM fil. W. STIFFENS & Wholesale Agents, Charleston, S. C. -Agents for MOTTS CIDEE, SED SEAL CISABS, and DOVE HAMS. L D.JOHNSTON, SUMTER, S. C. -THE Practical Carpenter. Contractor and Builder, WOULD RESPECTFULLY inform the citizens of Sumter and surrounding country that be is prepared to furnish plans, and estimates on brick and wooden buildings. All work entrusted to bim will be done first class. SATISFACTION GUARANTEED. Aug 19 REMOVAL. LEVAN'S BARBER SHOP has been removed to the room over Mr. B. J. Barnett's store, in bis new building on Main j Street. Thanking my friends for past favors j I solicit their continued patronage io my ! new stand, where I am better prepared to serve them with satisfaction to them, as wei j as myself. Respectfully. | JOSEPH L.EVAN.I Dec 6-4. i The Abbeville Meeting. Abbeville Press and Banner. According to previous notice, a meet? ing of the Farmers* Association of Abbeville county was held in the court room last Monday. The meed og was called for^hfi.purpose ojf bearing candi? dates forii^overnor make deliverances as to tu^it^views and opinions of pub? lic questions that are of interest to-day. Invitations to speak were sent to Gover noTirirT?M?iir^: E: Tindal, ur. D. Evans, John Gary Evans. W. H. S^r8.^oh^GSry:v^r?os, -W,;f?. ?iir?rla|j a^f&r. ^a^p?)n?;J*op resp(md^t&Tthe iovitation- abo* address? ed the people. The other invited speakers declined the invitation for various reasons. T)r. Sampson Pope, then came for? ward and spoke somewhat as follows : Mr. President and Fellow Citizens : In obedience to your kind invitation I appear before you to-day to give my views OD the State and National issues which are attracting the attention of the public mind to-day. Every man in this country has a right to run for office, and the people have a right to know the political principles which may govern them who asks office at their hands. For this reason, I give mine cheerfully, deeming it your right to know them. Although it may not please you in everything, you are nevertheless entitled to them. I would scorn to accept office with? out giving my views, and I would be untrue to myself if I allowed you to vote for me under a misapprehension of the facts. I have been identified with the Re? form movement since 1S84, when some members of the Legislature took counsel together for the further? ance and the accomplishment of the great ends which that party then had in view, if ou reccollect that we were derisively called three for-a-quar ter statesman. In the August convention io 1888, without concert, we found that out of 320 we bad 146 delegates. We put up General Earle for nomi? nation for Governor. He pulled down his name at the last moment, but we polled for him 146 votes. B. R. Tillman when we failed to nominate our man, said: "I bave fought Richardson as hard as anybody, but I move to make the nomination unanimous.77 Afterward, when B. R. Tillman was nominated, what did the small minor? ity do ? That small minority refused to make the nomination unanimous. That is the way they did us, aod yet they say all the bitterness is within PS. They are full of bitterness for us, and can see nothing good in us. They can't even ?pell Reform. They spell it Re-e-f-a-w-m. Bat despite all their efforts we are gaining strength. We are stronger now than we were in 1892. On our side we had the Farmers7 Movement and the Farmers7 Alliance that educated our people as they were sever before educated. Now, a sixteen year old boy knows more th aa grown men used to know. The Alliance has done a noble work, and I stand flat-footed on the Ocala demands. They are Democratic. Each and every one of them is for the good of the people. Free coinage is recognized in the Chicago Democratic platform, bot it is not recognized "up yonder." I favor the ratio sixteen to one. I believe in the income tax. It is right and proper. The only mistake about it is, that it ought to have been a separate Bill, instead of being made a part of the Tariff Bill. But I am digressing. I will go back from National politics to State politics. The Reform Government has met the strongest and fiercest opposition from the first. The Attorney General gave a decision that the Coosaw lease expired March 1, 180?, Tillman told them their lease would expire on that day. They wouldn't give it up but forced us into litigation. In the United States Court we gained the ease for the people of South Carolina. Every daily newspaper in the State, I save one, was against the common? wealth and for no other known reason than that Tillman was Governor. We bad litigation with the Railroads. I They were against us. Under the protection of the United States Courts they prevented us from collecting a large amount of taxes that was due to the State. The South Carolina Railroad was assessed at ?3.800,000 for taxation. In 1891 the income from that road was ?1,200,0000. They made six per cent on ten millions The C. & G. road was assessed in about the same proportion. But by the law* of the United States the Courts become protecting angels for such roads as apply for re? ceivers. The individual citizen is required to pay bis taxes, and is especially forbid? den to employ the courts to postpone or delay payment, but insolvent rail roads defy the State laws and withhc their just burden of the Govern mei Shall the Railroads continue to ha better favor than is shown to yoi No, Reformers, the cardinal princii of our movement is, that all shall treated alike. The Reformers have built Clems* College, a magnificent structure, wi elegant surroundings. Now, the are five hundred or six hundred st dents within its walls. Where, d these students come from1? Formerl higher education was for the masse Now, .his College is supported from tl masses-your sons. I admit that tl Bill establishing this College w passed during Richardson's ad mi ni tr a ti oo, but' he held back his approv of the bill until he contd delay it 1 longer : I believe if the antis we in power to-day that they would di mantle Clemson College. They wou do this because of their belief that yoi favored institution interferes with the favored institution-the South Carolii College. The public debt of ;he State beean: due last July. The old debt boi interest it the rate of six per cen Although there was a money panic i the country, Tillman and Bat< refunded our indebiednesss at four an a half per cent. In 1883 the Legislature authorize Governor Richardson to refund fou hundred thousand at six per cent. H failed in the Northern markets, an finally Mr. Bamberg appealed t George W. Williams, who kindl consented, to take it. Yet, under this awful administrate of Tillmao five millions were readil refunded at four and a-half per cent. Tillman, and his crowd did this Tou will be told at the proper tim that a citizen of South Carolina, ai anti of coarse, attempted to defeat th refunding of the State debt, urging a a reasoE for not doiog it, that satisfactory arrangement of it, wool fasten the Tillman Government on th State. The bankers replied that the; were for business-not for politics. We could not sell the new bonds anc refund the old bonds on the same dav This necessitated double interest on th State debt for six months. This, together with the loss by th storm in the low country, by whicl many of the islands were devastated and the Las on phosphate royalty, mad unusual expenses necessary and mad? the taxes a little higher. The royalty on phosphate rock now goes to tbi j sinking fand for the redemption of th* State bonds, and does not go to the re duction of the taxes. Io addition to the building of Clem son College for the education of you sons, this awful administration i. building a twin sister college at Rocl Hill for the education of women This is the first time that the educatioi of woman bas been looked after by th< State Government of South Carolina B. R. Tillman got it up, and Reform ers endorse it. But notwithstanding all thes< advances which we have made for th< education of your sons and daughters and notwithstanding the storm, the lost of phosphate royalty, and the increas? ing warfare of the daily newspapers ol this State, the next tax will be five mills-one-half mill less than it was this year. The Legislature of South Carolina is proud of what is known as the dispen? sary law. ?n 1892 I was in favor ol high license. Jf I had known what I know now I would have joined my distinguished friend J. G. Evans in the passage of one of the greatest and best laws oa the Statute books of any State. Contrast the condition -now and before the passage of that law. There is now less drinking than ever before io the history of this people* Some would die before buying from the dispensary. No matter for that. The oppooents of the law have become more temperate. Other citizens drink less because the habit of treating has been stopped. Many men would be sober, if temptation were not thrown in their way. But I am surprised to find that there are some moral men who have joined the whiskey element) in their opposition to the law and are working with them for the defeat of the law. Such strange alliances and affiliations can only be accounted for on the ground of unrea? sonable hatred for Tillman. Law-abid? ing people of Abbeville are respecting the law. I bear that you have no "blind ligers" in this community. This is to the credit of the people of Abbeville. Every law-breaker should be prosecuted, be they of Charleston or the town of Abbeville. Such people must be made to obey the law. I am sorry to say that tb'e grand jury of Charleston turned loi9e the "blind tigers" and held the State constables. Charleston is not a law unto herself, and she must obey the law. No man who defies the law of his State is a good citizen. The Supreme Court is considering a law which has been repealed, and its j decision v?ill decide nothing. A great deal has been said about thc I expense of litigation. About ?9.000 j j of legal expenses in asserting the rights of the State, a3 against those who would obstruct the government, or ! take, advantage of the citizens of the State. A book is ?D print, my frieodc which will throw some light OD legs expenses. Get A. P. Butler's repoi and see what they paid to attorney some seven or eight years ago. Compar their expenses and ours. The oppc neats of the Tillman administrado forced us into litigation, and they, no us, are responsible for the small sue which we did spend. The corporations the newspapers, and others hav encouraged obstruction and disobedi ence to the laws. Without tbei encouragement, those wbo bave force? litigation would have pursued a differ ent course. Wheo I was in the Legislatur ?1,000 was voted to Attorney Gen eral Miles for extra work. That wa right, and nothing was said about it No such appropriation has been madi under our administration. i am in favor of free coinage of sil ver. I am opposed to the Wilson tarif bill. If it passes, our poor white people will be placed on a par with thc pauper laborers of Europe. The South need's more manufacturers For instance, if you were to build s cotton factory at Abbeville, a great good would be effected for every farmei io this vicinity. Because of the local demand for cotton, the price would always be at the top of the market-il not one-fourth higher than it would otherwise legitimately be. The mill would be obliged to buy for its own consumption. It could afford to pa; more for cotton at its doors than it could pay for it at distant stations, incurring expense of buyiog and freight. The Newberry mills prevent the buyers from conspiring to put down thc price. Build a mill, if you can. If you can't raise more than $50,000, invest it in a mill. The profits will come back to you in the sale of your cotton -even if no dividends were realized on your stock-but we realize large pro? fits on the Newberry mill. It is a most singular thing that the honorable and distinguished represen? tatives from the Third District io Con? gress, A. C. Latiner and Dr. Strait are not allowed their share of the Federal patronage. It is, however, as yon know, because others interfere to deprive them of the prerogatives of their office. The Hon. J. William Stokes and the HOD. A. C. Latimer are both strict Christian gentlemen. I told them the danger of losing their Chris I tianity in politics. Dr. Stokes said if be realized any such danger he would quit politics. Hon. A. C. Latimer recently made one of the best speeches that bas been delivered on the money. He bas been faithful to your interests, and his ability has been acknowledged in Wash? ington. [The speaker here referred to the efforts of the anti press to "down"' him and his friend Evans.] I am willing to abide by the will of the r^iople-early, late, middle, all the time. If they elect me to the high and responsible office for which I am a candidate, I will discharge*its duties to the best of my ability. If the nomina? tion is given to another, I will work as faithfully for bis election as I would for my own. John Gary Evans' Speech. Mr. President and Fellow Citizens : It is with much pleasure, commingled with some embarrassment, that I have accepted the invitation of your com? mittee to address you upon the National and State issues which today confront our people. . I am pleased for the reason that I feel when I look into your honest and so maoy familiar faces that I have your sympathy io the grand cause for which 1 am fighting, and its success will be a grand victory for the people. I am embarrassed from the fact that I speak to scions of the constituency of Calhoun and MuDuffie, and to a people who have always led io all great' reforms, moral and political, and so you continue to-day my own countrymen. The doctrines of Calhoun are as live and dear to you to-day as when he uttered them from the red bills of old Abbeville fifty years ago. It bas been truly said that the life of a republic depends upon the virtue of the people, that of a monarchy upon the ignorance of its people. Under our form of government the i people alone are sovereigo, and their ! rulers are simply their servants. It is evident then that to instil virtue into their officers it is the right of the sovereign people to assemble in mass meeting, and the duty of the servant to appear before them, give an account of his stewardship and receive from the peo? ple good and wholesome instruction, and bo who fails to respond to the call of th 2 people cannot be called faithful, nor even entitled to the name of a good citizen. The time is past in South Carolina when any man or set of men can dictate to her people lt is boasted in the North of Abra? ham Lincoln, and of Peter the Great in Russia, that with one stroke the shackles were stricken from 400,000 slaves. The future historian in South Carsiioa will say that the Reform move? ment and Ben Tillman removed in one year the shackles from 100,000 white political slaves, and we meet to-day opoo the level of equal rights to all aod special privileges to none. Our Nation? al and State politics have become so interwoven that it will be impossible to discuss the one without the other, and it is well that it should be, for our greatest oppression comes from National legislation. I do not propose to discuss National affairs from any but a Southern standpoint. Our country is too large and our interests too antagonistic to think of legislating for the whole with? out iojuring one of its parts. Tibe rule should be to enact such laws as oppress the fewest number of citizens, but the reverse has been the case with our Con? gress since the Civil War. The policy of the North towards the South and the West has' robbed us almost of our patrimony. Congress has legislated for the robber barons to such an extent that now 15,000 people of our sixty-five million own over one-half the wealth of our country, and one hundred and twenty families in the North own over one-twelfth of the wealth of our country all obtained by a financial system of government kept up for the express purpose of robbing the South and West. When the Roman republic was destroyed 1800 people owned all of her wealth. This state of affairs was sought to be perpetuated by the government issuing free corn to the farmers who bore the bardens of taxation, whenever they threatened to overthrow it. A like condition exist in our country to-day. New York city is feeding 100,000 unemployed, Chicago a like number, and nearly every large city in the North is compelled to feed its starv? ing laborers to keep down revolution and anarchy. Shall we not profit by the history of past nations? I thank God that such a condition does not exist in the Sooth to-day. It is not because the government has not invited it, however. We are blessed with a country and a climate where we can always be comfort? able and dig a living out of the ground, and of this no one can rob us. During the late panic I visited a Northern city, and I was asked if we had a panic down South. I asked what they meant by a panic, and I was told inability to get money. My reply was that we had seen no such thing for many years and had learned to get along without it. All we needed with money was to send North to support the poor Yankee sol? diers we killed during the war and to keep Jay Goold and the millionaires from starving and having their notes pro? tested in New York. It is wonderful to notice the growth of these dead Yankees whom we planted during the war. They have sprung up like dragons' teeth. In 1870 there were 198,686 on the rolls, and they cost us $27,780,811.81. Last year there were 966,012, and they cost us $158,155,342.51. Of this the South pays one-third and gets nothing in return. We have paid since the war enough pensions to buy a State three times as rich as the State of South Caro? lina and ceded it to the North and the ball has just commenced. This would not be so bad should it stop here. We are being robbed more systematically by the present financial policy of. Grover Cleveland than we were by Harrison or the blackest Republican living. We were hooted at by the Democrats of the Nation for opposing the nomination of this man, and you heard a great deal of Latimer resolutions, but they are with us now and the Democratic party is ready to pass similar resolutions. The passage of the bill demonetizing silver was the most iniquitous piece of class legislation against the South and the West that was ever passed by any Con? gress and the result bas clearly proven it. The bill was passed by Cleveland cuckoos and Republicans under the leadership of John Sherman, and io direct opposition to the silver plank of the Democratic platform which declared for the free and unlimited coinage of silver. The history of silver shows that as it trises and falls so goes cotton and agricultural products. Oar cotton crop last year, based oo the price of silver in 1873, would have been worth over three million of dollars more than it actually sold for had it not been for the passage of the repeal bill. We have the anomalous condition to-day of cotton selling for less in March, after the crop is out is our hands, than it did in No? vember, in the face, too, of a short crop. Yet we were told that just repeal this bill and cotton will go up, and some Congressmen were fool enough to believe it. It was repealed to contract the currency and thus increase the debts of the farmers and decrease the value of our agricultural products. So that to-day a dollar costs a farmer in the South over five times as much as it did when silver was good money. We have nothing in the South to buy dollars with save our .cotton and agricultural products, aod it is to the interest of the Northern Shylock to get as much cotton as be can for just as little money, and of course our inability to pay pensions and tariff and other debts is aggravated as he succeeds. Upon the heels of the passage of this bill Mr. Carlisle, to prove that Cleveland is a tool of Wall street, issued fifty millions of United States bonds for the ostensible purpose of putting gold in the treasury.to redeem outstanding indebtedness, but Mr. Charlisle knows that under bis con? struction as dictated by Cleveland and Wall street of the Resumption Act, this fifty millions can be drawn out of the treasury by New York bankers any moment they see fit so to do, by simply converting their bonds into greenbacks and presenting the greenbacks to Mr. Carlisle who is compelled to give gold in exchange. It was done simply to perpetuate National banks and the corrupt financial policy of Wall street. All of these securities furnish the millionaires with non-taxable property in which to invest their money, and yet when we ask for an income tax to make them bear their share of the burdens * of government we find this great peo? ple's mao, Cleveland, opposed to it, and that millionaire's club, the United States Senate, organizes to defeat it. If we can succeed in taxing incomes it will more than pay the pensions bearing so heavily upon our farmers, and yet I am ashamed to say South Carolina was represented by a Congressman who joined with the Republicans in Congress to defeat it. These men call themselves Cleveland Democrats. R. H. Hughes-Cleveland is a hum? bug. The Speaker-Yes; I believe the whole country has about come to con? clusion. He is such a humbug that you will never see another Democratic President from the North. He is a Republican in Democratic clothing, and his followers know they. cannot stand upon the Democratic platform and be consistent, so they qualify their democracy by potting ears upon it. They are not demo? crats but mugwumps, but are ashamed to use that term for fsar of being run out of thc democratic party. They are mules who in order to show their pedi? gree call themselves jack-ass horses. The only true democrats in this State are the Reformers or Ocalities, as the Mugwumps are wont to call us, and right here I desire to say that I endorse every plank of the Ocala demands. One only salvation rests in their speedy enact- . ment in law, and if we persevere they will be. The South and West must come together, their ioterests are in common and the democratic platform suggested at Ocala and promulgated at Chicago is broad enough for all of us. We have heard a great deal said of the Sob-Treasury plan and this is the stumbling block and the only one the Mugwumps can find in the document. If this idea with few changes were enacted into law, the result would be that the South would immediately become tbe financial and agricultural section for the world. It would destroy the power of Wall Street and the North and make us the most prosperous people on tbe face of the earth. No Southern or Western man can object to it. It is time we had some class legislation for our section. God knows there bas been enough for the North. Our greatest need is more money, and it is the duty of Congress to give it whether from the sub-treasury plan or something better ; either will do, so the end is accomplished How are we to accomplish this, you ask? My answer is through the Farmers' Alliance. This organization has accomplished more for the short time of its existence than any similar one since the formation of our govern? ment. It is founded on troth and jus? tice, is bound to perpetuate its prin? ciples. No good citizen can object to this organization of an oppressed peo? ple, and I grieve when 1 see men of my state, who are dependent upon agri? culture alone for existence, opposing our Alliance and enlisting with the enemy in this the greatest battle for freedom and self-preservation that the world has ever known. Stand like men for your platform and God who rules the destinies cf Natiooa will see to it that victory perches upon your banners. John C.* Calhoun was the first advo? cate of the farmers' alliance. In his treatise on Government this great states CONTINUED OW 8HCOND PAGE._ Highest of all in Leavening Power.-Latest U. S. Gov't Report ABSOLUTELY PI/RE