The watchman and southron. (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, February 07, 1894, Image 1
ron
WATCH KAN, JteaMMkfri April, 1850.
'Be Just and Fear not-Let all the Ends thou Aixns't at, be thy Country's, thy God's and Truth's."
THE TRUE SOUTHRON, Eatablilahed June, 1266.
Consolidated Aug. 2,1881.
SUMTER, S. C., WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 7, 1894.
New Series-Vol. JUL So. 28.
PnMJafced Spry ToA&Mda?9
KT. Gk Osteen,
SUMTER, S. C.
: TERMS :
Two Dollars per annum-io advance.
ADVBBTISBMEKT:
OD? Square first insertion........00
Every subsequent insertion .......... 50
Contracts for three months, or longer will
oe made at reduced rates.
AH communications which subserve pr?vate
?nteres ts will be charged for as advertisements.
Obituaries and tributes of respect will be
charged for.
TOE B.41 OP SUMTKR,
SUMTER, S. C.
CITY AND COUNTY DEPOSITORY.
Transacts a general Banking business
Abo has
A Savings Bank Department,
Deposits of $1.00 and upwards received.
Interest calculated at the rate of 4 per cent,
per assam, payable quarterly.
\ W. F. B. HAYNSWORTH,
W. F/RHAJW, President.
Cashier.
TR SIMMS MHOH?L ftUHK
OF SUMTER
STATE, CITY AND COUNTY DEPOSI?
TORY, S?MTEti, S. C.
Paid np Capital . . . . . $75,000 00
Surplus Fund . . . . . , 11,500 00
Liabilities of Stockholders to
depositors acccording to the
law governing National Banks,
in excess of their stock . . $75,000 00
Transacts a General Banking Business.
Careful attention given to collections.
SAVINGS DEPARTMENT. -
Deposits of $1 and upwards received. In?
terest allowed at the rate of 4 per cent, per
annum. Payable quarterly, on first days of
January, April, July and October.
R. M. WALLACE,
L. S. CARSON, President.
Aug 7. Cashier.
RICE MILLS, CORN MILLS,
SAWMILLS.
RICE PLANTERS and RICE MILLERS can
bny a single machine, that will clean, hull
and polish rice ready for market for $350.
Corn millers can buy. best FRENCH BURR
* MILL, in iron frame, fully guaranteed-ca?
pacity ten bushels meal per hour for $115.
Saw millers can hov best variable friction
FEED MILL from $190 up to the largest
size, also Gang Rip Saws, Edgers* Swing
Saws, Planing Machines and all other Wood
Working' Machinery. Also
Talbott's Engines and Boilers.
Special discounts made to cash purchasers
Can meet any competition, quality considered
V. C. BADHAM,
Apr 19-o COLUMBIA, S. C.
INSURANCE
INSURE YOUR
LIFE
-WITH THE
MUTUAL LIFE
Insurance Company,
OF NEW YORK, THE LARGEST MONIED
INSTITUTION IN THE WORLD.
Take your Accident Policy in the
EMPLOYERS' LIABILITY
OF ENGLAND.
Insure against Fire in
THE CONTINENTAL
OF NEW YORK.
THE MERCHANTS,
OF NEWARK, N. J.
THE INSURANCE CO., OF
NORTH AMERICA.
THE QUEEN OF AMERICA.
THE PHONIX ASSURANCE
OF ENGLAND.
THE NORWICH UNION
OF ENGLAND.
THE MECHANICS AND
TRADERS ofN. O.
All First Class and represented by
ALTAMONT MOSES.
A. WHITE & SON,
Fire insurance Agency,
ESTABLISHED 1866.
Represent, among other Companies :
LIVERPOOL & LONDON k GLOBE,
NORTH BRITISH & MERCANTILE,
HOME, of New York.
UNDERWRITERS' AGENCY, N. Y.,
LANCASTER INSURANCE CO.
Capital represented $75,000,000.
Feb. 12_
JOS. F. RHAME. WM. C. DAVIS.
RHAME & DAVIS,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
MANNING, S. C.
Attend to business in any part of the State
Practice in U. S. Courts.
Sept. 21-x.
Concerning Flat Money.
The task of enunciating the principles
of Jeffersonian Democracy is so pleasant
that we cannot resist the temptation to
turn to it again. Jefferson's principles,
like Albemarle pippins, have so tooth?
some a flavor, and leave such a delici?os
impression oo the palate that sach ooe
gives increased test for another, aod
the more ooe tastes, the more ooe
wonts.
We propose this morning to give a
somewhat foll history of the attitude,
not only of Jeffersonian Democracy,
bot all statesmanship, of whatever party,
previous to 1860, io reference to the
Populist scheme of baviog the general
government issue a billion dollars of
legal tender paper money.
The secret journals of the Coostitu
tiooal Cooveotion, published by order
of Congress, are found io the first
vol?me of Elliott's Debates. From
them it appears that OD the 6th of
August, 1787, a select committee
reported a draft of a proposed Constitu?
tion. Article VII of this draft related
to the powers of Congress. Among its
sections and claoses were the followiog :
"4, to ooio money ; 5, to reg?late the
?aloe of foreign coios ; 6, to fix the
standard of weights and measures
7, to establish postoffices ; 8, to borrow
money and emit bills on the credit of
the United States"
On the 16th, a motion to strike oot
the words, "aod emit bills/' was car?
ried by a vote of oine States to two,
(New Jersey and Maryland.)
Article XII provided that "oo State
shall coin money." To this was added,
'nor emit bills of credit, oor make
anything bot gold aod silver coin s
tender io payment of debts.'*
Luther Martin, a delegate from Mary
land, published a letter opposing the
ratification of the COD S ? tu ti OD. IO the
followiog words be calls atteotioo to the
provision regarding money :
"By our original Articles of Con fed
eratioo, the Congress have power to
borrow money aod emit bills of credit
oo the credit of the United States ;
agreeable to which was the report on
this system as made by the committee
of detail. Wheo we came to this part
of the * report a motioo was made to
strike oot the words 'to emit bills of
credit." Against the motion we urged
that it would be improper to deprive
CoQgress: that it would be a novelty
unprecedented to establish a govern?
ment which should not have each
authority. That it was impossible to
look forward into futurity so far as to
decide that events might not happen
that should reeder the exercise of suca
a power absolutely necessary ; aod that
we doubted whether if a war should
take place it would be possible for this
couotry to defend itself without having
recourse to paper credit, io which case
there would be a necessity of becoming
a prey to our enemies, or violating
the Constitution of our geveromeut;
j aod that considering the administration
of the government would be principally
in the bands of the wealthy, there
could be little reason to fear an abuse of
the power by ao unnecessary or injur?
ious exercise of it
"But a majority of the Convention,
(oine States to two, * * Ed.)
being wise beyood aoy event, and
being willing to risk any possible evil
rather than admit; the idea of a paper
emission on any possible case, refused
to entrust this authority to a govern?
ment to which they were lavishing the
most uolimited powers of taxation aod to
the mercy of which they were willing
bliodly to trust the liberty aod property
of the citizens of every State io the
Union; and they erased that clause
from the system." (Elliott's Debates ;
I, 413.)
The fathers of Constitution, most of
whom, it will be remembered, were after?
wards Federalists, were so mindful of
the disasters that had been caused by
paper issues of the colonies and of the
Congress duriog the Revolution, that
they deliberately preferred as Mr. Mar
t?o shows, to risk any possible evil
rather tbao "admit the idea of a paper
emission oo aoy possible case," and
when they "erased that clause from the
Constitution" they gave notice to the
world that, under the Constitution,
neither the Con gr -ss nor any State
should ever emit a bill of credit, or
make anything bot silver and gold a
legal tender in payment of debt. Still
more was such au issue abhorreot to the
strict constructionists of the Jeffersonian
school, after the Constitution was
adopted.
In the throes of the civil war, when
the armies of Lee and Stonewall Jack?
son and others had so pressed Lincoln's
government that it oould not beg or
borrow money, it attempted to create it
by the issue of legal tender paper money,
against the protest of Democrats and
Constitution-lovers. Chase was the
Secretary that issued it. But when he
became Chief Justice he united with a
majority of the Court to declare the
issue unconstitutional. Then Grant
packed the Court aod secured a divided
opinion that the issue was justifiable as
a war measure. Thad. Stevens him?
self admitted that the party bad camped
outside of the Constitution. Not ontil
recently was it decided by a Republican
Court, the only Democrat, Judge Field,
vigorously dissenting, that such an
issue may be made by Congress a* a
sovereign. Hugh McCullough, a libe?
ral Republican, says "It was a surprise
to the country. * * * The power
to make government notes a legal ten?
der was certainly not inferable from the
power to coin money ; and hence the
Court was bound to take the ground
that the United States was a nation.
* * * This decision clothes a
Republicao government with imperial
power." He adds tb at the contest bas
always been between "those that
thought that Congress possessed oo
power oot expressly granted ; and those
that thought that Congress possessed all
power not specially prohibited by the
Constitution/' The first class, of course,
are Democrats ; the second, by turns
Federals, Whigs, Greenbackers, and
Populists.
The Constitution was never amended
to suit Martin's views. Ao issue of
legal paper would rest on the mere
dictum of a divided Supreme Court that
shocked not only all Democrats, bot
almost all Republicans as well, and
which has been proven by citations
from the original draft of the Constitu?
tion to be directly counter to the inten?
tion of the framers of that instrument.
Are we to believe that the men, how?
ever good and true, that advocate this
measure, are Jeffersonian Democrats'?
-The State.
Steel Sails
Tom Johnson tried to serve bis
country as to the tariff, but there was
not enough sand in the Democratic
craw in the House to stand free steel
rails. The New York Evening Post
say s that the adverse vote, was due
rather to a desire on the part of the
Democrats to appear very conservative
than to any belief that a duty on rails
was really necessary. The Democrats
were afraid to stand by their promises
to (he people and the law of
their party. That is- the whole
of it. The Evening Post publishes a
letter from a Republican who never
gave a Democratic vote in his life. He
is writing to a brother Republican, a
member of Congress. Referring to
Carneige's indorsement of the protect?
ive Wilson bill he says : "lt was doubt?
less his influence which caused our peo?
ple to place the duty on steel rails at
the absurd rate of $13 a ton, aod it
was jost such absurdities as this that
caused the defeat of our party ."
Writing to the same Representative
when the McKinley bill was under con?
sideration he prophesied defeat for the
party. He now says aod he knows
what he is talking about :
"Now the Wilson bill is just as pro?
tective, so far as the importation of
steel rails is concerned, as was the Mc?
Kinley bill. In other words 25 per
ceot. duty is just as effective to prevent
the importation of steels rails as was the
thirteen-dollar duty, and therefore Mr.
Carnegie gives a willing adhereoce to
the oew order of things."
Read this in connection with Tom
Johnsons game, honest, telling, needed
speech and you will see how insufficient,
how full of protection is the Wilson
"makeshift." The same writer says :
"I do not think the* Democratic party
should be permitted to pose as a free
trade or revenue-tariff party, and at
the same time play the role of protec?
tionists, aB in th J above case. Smoke
'em out."
That is good and deserved, which is
bad. The Iron Age shows that South?
ern iron is worth $7,00 and Cleveland
(England) iron is worth$8.66; Ameri?
can Bessemer iron is worth $10.50 ;
English Bessemer iron $11 13 : Ameri?
can steel billets $16.75, and billets at
Barrows, England. $20.16. Please
compare and see where the need of
protection comes in.
The American Manufacturer of Jan?
uary 19th notices a sale of Southern pig
iron at $5.50 per too at the works cost?
ing $9.50 delivered at Pittsburg, the
freight being $4. The same paper
quotes Middlesbrough pig (the lowest
made in England, at 35 shillings 6
pence, which is the equivalent of $8.83.
That looks as if England would have to
protect against the United States.
With the Wilson bill's protection
American steel rail makers with compel
purchasers to pay $24 or $25 a ton for
Bteel rails which can be made at $17 50,
The present duty or tax is $13.44 per
ton or more than 75 per cent, ad
valorem. Think of that.-Wilming?
ton Messenger.
- -- 11 i
The Supreme Court of the United
States should be if possible entirely
above and beyond the domain of
machine politics in the appoinment
or confirmation of the members who
compose it. It is to be supposed
that if a President whose duty it be?
comes to fill a vacancy that may oc?
cur can find a competent man within
his own party he will give the prefer?
ence to his party in the selection.
That is to be expected and that has
in late years at least been the rule.
Wheo the appointment is made
unless there be some good ground
for opposition outside of the fact
that the appointee may be unaccept?
able to this or that Senator, because,
although belonging to the same
party, they may have antagonized
each other there should be no oppo?
sition. The Domination of Mr. Horn
blower to fill the vacancy caused by
the death . of Judge Blatch fort, was
bung up for mooths, and was Goally
rejected because the New ?ork Sen?
ators were opposed to it. They said j he
was not qualified for the position. If
this be so they were right in their op?
position ; if not they were wrong. Mr.
Peckham's name has beeo sent to the
Senate by the President, and it is. re?
ported that Senator Hill will do all
he can to have him rejected. Al?
though a Democrat be bas been an
outspoken "and aggressive anti-Hill
man, and for this reason Mr Hill is
whetting his knife. Mr. Peckham
has the reputation of being a very
able jurist, and fully qualified for the
position. If ibis be so, Mr. Hill ts
not justified in opposing bim, for
while Mr. Hill may have his likes
and dislikes, may have his ambitions,
and would punish his enemies as he
would reward his friends, the people
of the United States who have busi?
ness in the Supreme Court have in?
terests paramount to the piques,
ambitioos or resentments of Sena?
tors. "Senatorial courtesy" is good
enough in its place bat the "coartesy"
that can be thus abused ought to be
called by some other name.
Caughman on Carolina Poli?
tics.
Washington, D. C., Jan. 29 -
F. 0. Caughman, of South Caro?
lina, now in Washington, was in?
terviewed apon the present political
sitaatioo in that State by the Chronicle
correspondent. Mr. Caughman is
Reading Clerk of the Sooth Carolina
Seoate, and has been for four years.
He was asked, "What is the main
cause of the trouble, politically among
the masses of the Reformers ?"
He answered at length, and said :
'The great trouble among the masses,
of the Reform element is that their
leaders have, to a large extent, proven
false to the promises of retrenchment
and reform. They have learned," he
cootinued, "by experience, when they
went to pay taxes, that Reform was
only a name. To begin with, when B.
R. Tillman and the Reform Legislature
came into power in 1890 the taxable
assessable property in the State was, in
round numbers, one hundred and forty
five million dollars, and the total State
levy was 4 1-4 mills. After two years
of Tillman administration the taxable
assessable property reached tbe large
sum of one hundred and sixty-eight
millions, while the State's levy bas
gooe to 5 1-2 mills, and only those
institutions are receiving their usual
appropriations as under the former ad?
ministrations.
"Another reason of-the dissatisfaction
is that a majority of their leaders are
demagogues of the deepest dye, and
have fooled the people. I speak what
I know, having had the best opportu?
nity to view the manner in which the
laws of South Carolina are enacted.
The majority of the members of the
General Assembly of my State are
utterly destitute of the knowledge of
the rightful limits of their powers.
They go madly on, driven by their
desperate executive, and the influence
of the caldron of political prejudices,
not mindful that their office is to declare
and enforce only the natural rights and
duties of their constituents."
"What makes you think that the
people have come to such conclusions ?"
! "From the large intercourse I have
had with them I can readily see that
they feel that a number of unconstitu
, tiooal acts, bearing heavily upon them,
j have been placed upon the statute books
I affecting their legal rights, and they do
not hesitate to say that the men whom
they entrusted'witb the management of
the government, have proven false to
every promise and ignored every
! principle embodied io the plat?
form of the reform movement. "They
have awakened to the situation, and
found their demagogues wrangling to a
great degree among themselves as to
who shall obtain personal aggrandise?
ment at the hands of those whom they
have so wantonly deceived in the past,
and they intend in the future to rele?
gate those deceptive leaders to the rear,
and select a more conservative set of
representatives from the executive
down."
"What do you think will be the
final result of the so mncb talked of
Dispensary law in your State ?"
"That can be easily answered; it
will die of its own weight, because all
of the right thinking people of tho State
know and feel that it is one of the
most outrageous and infernal acts of
legislation that ever disgraced the stat?
ute books of any civilized nation.
There is every element in it that makes
it revolting and disgusting to every de?
cent community. It is an act which
strikes at the very individuality of
every citizen, and seeks to invade the
saoctityof every home and household
in the State. It carries with it certain
sections which are odious to every sen?
sibility where decency reigns, and is
but typical of the fanaticism that pre?
vailed in the last General Assembly,
and its utter disregard for constitution?
al legislation.
"There are other acts of the same
body which are receiving the condem?
nation of the citizens of our State,
namely, that of the redistricting bill,
which places Charleston in and ander
negro role, and will meet with the prop?
er rebuke at the next election. Then,
again, there is another act which is
being greatly condemned by the people,
and that is the act creating a public
printer, by which the public priotiog
bas a fixed price allowed, thereby
preventing competition from responsible
parties for the poblic printing and
expending thousands of dollars of the
people's money, to their detriment. It
was done to give it to a partisan paper,
which is considered worse than any act
of Republican legislation io the dark
days of radical misrule and corrup?
tion. This act repealed the act gi vio g
it to the lowest bidder. There have
also been a number of acts passed by
the Legislature of our State in the last
two years, wbi-h in their results have
become death blows to railroads aod
other corporations, thereby rendering a
great many people helpless aod without
the necessities of life.
"The most important feature of the
Dispensary law which is destructive to
the individual right of each citizeo, is
that which prohibits the citizen from
sending to North Carolina or Augusta
his $1.50 for his gallon of whiskey,
which is pure corn whiskey, and
forces him to go the Dispensary
and pay $3 per gallon for the most dis?
gusting stuff, purporting to be corn
whiskey, from Cincinnati, Ohio, there?
by robbing the poor man out $1,50,
and giving it to a paid force of dis?
gusting spies at $2 per day to watch the
homes of citizens of the State, aod also
to pay his chief bartender $3,000 per
year, to send his liquid damnation
broadcast over the State to debauch and
degrade the commons at large. This
does not affect the rich man for he will
not drink this vile stuff, and can have
it sent to him through the mysterious
agents of friendship. There is another
grade of whiskey I would like to call
your attention, to, and that is the
XXXX brand, which is sold in
Augusta Georgia for $4 per gallon,
and the poor man in South Carolina is
forced to pay $10 per gallon, which is
as much as to say to the poor man that
put Tillman and his crew iu power, this
is too good for you to drink, and I will
place it beyood your purse.''
"Do you think that the Reform
movement as first augmented, is weaken?
ing today ?"
"I do not. It is as strong as ever,
but some of the leaders will be given
a back seat and the true men will be
broogbt to the front."
"What do you think of the Sena?
torial race in your State, should it be?
come an issue between Governor Till?
man and Senator Butler?"
**My opinion is that the people of
South Carolina realize the importance
of retaining the Hon. M. C Butler in
the Senate, and have too high a regard
for him as a statesman and a patriot
and know him to be as true in peace as
he was in war, and at the proper time
will show to the world their esteem and
confidence, and know that the loss of
bim would be a national calamity. He
will be elected by at least a majority of
twenty-three on a joint ballot in the
General Assembly, and can carry the
State in a primary by 40,000 major?
ity."-A.. W. Butt, in Augusta
Chronicle.
We are not Pleased.
Governor Tillman bas let Senator
Irby get the best of him. While the
governor would not go to the extent of
agreeing to a July convention he and
Irby agreed that there would be no
preliminary convention, neither March
nor July, but that it should be a free
fight io the primaries, allowing all
democrats to vote, The Herald desires
here and now to register the prediction
that this will not go. Tillman and
Irby are powerful men and have the
State in a swing, but when they under?
take to say that the Farmers' Movement
shall not hold a convention to suggest
its preference for gubernatorial honors,
without consulting other leaders of the
alleged movement, they have in the
language of the poet "bit off more than
they can swallow."
No sir, the Farmers' Movement is
not to be deprived of its right to suggest
a suitable man to lead its hosts They
have the right and the precedent, and
it does not lie in the mouth of the two
beneficiaries of the movement to delay
the game. It is a pretty idea for these
two men who have been provided for to
to stop the deal and leave the Reform?
ers to the tender mercies of the unwash?
ed, without a general but with a whole
army of colonels. Bot it is not practi?
cal politics and it wont't go here.
Governor Tillman and Senator Irby
have sent out this report to the Associ
Highest of all in Leavening Poi
ABSOUT
a ted Press, thinking thereby to tickle
the Conservatives, by telling them they
can vote. Bat the Conservatives
refuse to be tickled. They pick their
own time to laugh aod will vote when
and how they see proper. This
scheme may be satisfactory in Wash?
ington bot the people are not pleased.
The people want a convention to meet
and say that John Gary Evans is the
Moses to lead the horny handed sons of
toil. ?8 the original Gary organ we
kick against this dictation. We are -
unwilling to jeopardize the interests of
oar Aiken man io a free for all race io
which a Conservative will be allowed ao
equal voice with a Reformer. And we
are going to win, mark that predic?
tion.-Spartanburg Herald.
- ? * -
The South Forging Ahead.
Io 1880. there were but 161 cotton
mills io all Soutblaod. To-day North
Carolina has about HO mills. Tho
number now reported in the Sooth varies.
Ooe statement is 287; another state?
ment is 318. Both figures appear io
the same camber of the Chattanooga
Trades mao. There is also a contradic?
tion as to the comber of bales used io
1893. Ooe statement is 743,848 bales.
Another statement is 604.666 bales-a
considerable difference.
There is one fact about which there
cao be co mistake-there is vast in?
crease io cottoo milliog sioce 1880.
The annual product theo was about
$16,000,000. Io 1893, it was $54,
199,379.
There is mach improved machinery
! beiog used Io this State there is a fin?
ishing factory, the only poe io the
Sooth.
The Sooth holds the best cards io the
manufacturing business. Its climate is
more favorable than that of the North,
and particularly of cold New Eogland.
There is but ooe factory in Wilmington.
There ought to be a dozen. There has
not been a flake of snow this winter,
and hardly a film of ice. In eighteen
winters here we have seen bot two
snows worth the name and they were
bat two or three inches deep and soon
disappeared Severe weather here is
rare. There has been very little io the
last decade. Where water power is
relied upon in New England the
chances of interruption by freezing
must be tenor twenty times as great as
in North Carolina aud the States sooth
of it. So climate bas a great deal to
do io the estimate.
Labor is cheaper. The cotton is
right at the mills. Both of these are
leading questions in determining ad?
vantages. Fuel is auotber item and an
important one. It is much cheaper
here than in the North. Water power
abounds without limitation. North
Carolina alone has more than eighty
rivers. There is no limit to water
power in our State. South Carolina is
also remarkably favored in this respect.
A writer in the Tradesman says that
water in the South costs but 28 per
cent, of what it costs io the North-a
big item. He says that South Carolina
has water power eoough to move fac?
tories that would give employment to
1,200,000 people. We would suppose
that North Carolina has double that
quantity.
The markets are nearer the South
than those of New Eogland. That is
another important item in tbe count.
Sooth Carolioa leads. It consom?s
more cottoo than any Southern State.
Georgia comes ?iext and North Carolina
third. In this State good blankets and
ginghams of vari?os grades are made.
A great deal of Southern goods is going
beyond seas. The Clifton Mills, near
Spartanburg, S. C., are now running
on an order for goods that go to China.
The mills in upper North Carolina have
shipped large quantities of goods to
China through a period now covering
several years. The Fries mills at
Salem, North Carolioa, have shipped
large orders of goods to South America.
A number of the plaid and gingham
mills in North Carolina have organized
ao export company, aod all surplus
products these mills make, over aod
above what the domestic trade will
take, is exported,
Let the South push on and rely upon
its advanages, its industry, its skill,
and not upon high tariff taxes which
are wrong in principle aud unjust io
application.-Wilmington Messenger.
Backlen's Arnica Salve.
Tb? Best Salve in the world for Cut?, Bruis??
Sores, Ulcers, Salt Rheum. Fever Sores, Tetter,
Chapped Hands Chilblains, Corns and all
Skin Eruptions, and positively cares Piles, or
no pay required. It is guaranteed to give per.
feet satisfaction, or money refunded. nriee
25 cents per box. For sale by Dr. J. F. W De
Lonne.
ver.-Latest U. S. Gov't Report
Baking
i Powder
ma Pim