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TJ3?B^ SCMTKK^ATCHMAN, Established Apr?, l&SO. Co?Mated Aug. 2, 1881.] kBe Just and Fear not?Let all the Ends thon Aims't at, be thy Country's, thy God's and Truth's SUMTER, S. 0.- WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 13, 1890. THE TRUE SOUTHRON, Established Jane, IGe& New Series?Vcl. X. Ko. 2. gttblt?hed ?very Wednesday, . J - BY N. a OSTEEN, SUMTElt, S. C. TERMS : Two Dollars per anno*. *a advance. ' AQTSETISIKtSTS. .... 0?e ^oare, first insertion..................$1 00 ?very subsequent insertion.,. 50 Contracts for Uree months, or longer will be made at reduced rates. AH coaaWHcations which subserve private ? interests wjll be charged for as advertisements. Obituaries and tributes of respect will be mtWTT & SONS' AND BOILERS, MILLS AND *-' --- SAW MILLS Ars acknowledged to be the fest ever sold in this State. : W?ien you buy one of them you ^are s&?pfed that you have made *;?o mfetake. Write for our prices. Ootton Gins and Cotton Presses at bottom figures. I can save you money. V. C. BADHAM, : General Agent, Colombia. S, C. Home Office and Factory, ^biaoiid, Va. 'S* 3? HEADQUARTERS ?iir-iiHrai:, ?JIKSS. BOILERS, SAW, CANE AM) GRIST MILLS SMITH. BROWN. WIN AND LU M MUS GINS. ;RS AND CONDENSERS and ITaace Cotton Presses. JSee?er's Se?frPacking Cotton Press. Tbosaas's Direet-Ac*ing Steanr Press. ?eys, Sbdling, Belting, ??, J?pe^aad Fittings, HANCOCK INSPIRATORS. I ' The above we offer at factory prices. Think of it, for a (JO-Saw Gin, CO?PLETEr DELiVERKD. tlWMkr the Best Cotton Press ON THE MARKET. Write to as before bojiog and save tnoney. jQoe 25." B?fjs, CHAIRS, BOOK CASTS, &g. ,at Eadnced _ aad Special D?ooasta. Catalogta for 1890 now ready. 030p?fei,mwtrated. Book free; Postage 10c. TYLEfi BANK COUNTERS. tfanvMkrSHo. O^aHty ?4 JMee. IHiulrxioc! in Colors -lTj^^ w?tf^artftt?gat<fc Book Free; Portagr 15 eta. IYXHB BESS CO., ST. XOTJIS, 210., VS. A. PA1NTINS. J. N. ALPHONSE, : Sease, Sign and Decorative Pauitsr, offers bis services to the citizens of Sumter and vicinity, to do House Painting, Marbling, Graii&ifE, Coach Paioting, Paper Hanging, Kalaotmciog, Glazing, kc. Artistic Sign Writing and decorative work a specialty. Estimates given on air -work in these lines and strict attention given to execution of , same in the most satisfactory manner. J. N. ALPHONSE, Shop on Liberty street, nearly opposite May 28. Harby's Stables. - TIB SmOKDS NATIONAL BANS, OF SUMTER. j STATE, CITY AND COUNT? DEPOSI TORY, SUMTER, S. C. Paid up Capital ..... $75,000 00 Snrpius Fund ...... 7,500 00 Transacts a Geoeral Banking Business. Careful attention given io eoHecu'ons. ?AVINGS DEPARTMENT. Deposits of $1 aad upwards received. In terest allowed at th? s*te of 4 per cent, per annum. Payable quarterly, on 6rst ?&ys of i January, April, July and October. R. M. WALLACE, r_^g^CaasoJ, lag. 7?? Cashier. Vice President. R, S C. TY DEPOSITORY, taeral Banking business. Also be s Sairi?? > Bank Department Deposits of $1.00 and upwards received. |: ' Interest calculated at the rate ef 4 per cent, per annum, payable quarterly. W.F.B. HAYNSWORTH, A. Whits, Ja,, President. _ Cashier. -o Aog IT. 5,000 Accident Insurance; FOR 25 CENTS PER DAY, ^5 days, $1.00 ; 15 days, $2.00 ; 30 days, $3.00; one year, $10.00. In case of death, $5,000. For loss of both bands, $5,000. For loss of both feet, $5,000. For loss of one hand and one foot. $5,000. For loss of oae hand or one foot, $2,500. $25 weekly indemnity. THOS. 2. RICHARDSON, Agent for the Fidelity A Casualty Co., of New York. . May 28' Cash capital $250,000^ i Br. T. W. BOOKHABT. DENTAL SURGEON. Office over Battman & Bro.'s Shoe Store. - ENTRANCE ON MAIN STREET. ; S0MTER, S. C. Office Hoars?9 to 1:30 : 2:30 to 5. Aj?ri?iy-o_ 6; W. DICE, D.D. S. . . _;. OfBce over Bogin's New Store, JorntaxcK on mais stssbt, i. SUMTER, S. C. ?racoSours.? 9 to 1 ;30 ; 2:30 to 5. NOTHING SUCCEEDS LIKE SUCCESS. The reason RADAM'S MICROBE KILLER is the most wonderful med icine, is because it has never failed in any in stance, no matter what the disease, from LEPRO ! SY to the simplest disease known to the human system. The scientific men of to-day claim and prove that every disease is CAUSED BY MICROBES, AND RADAM'S MICROBE KILLER Exterminates the Microbes and drives them out of the system, and when that is done yon cannot have an ache "or pain. No matter ! what the disease, whether a simple case of Malarial Fever or a combination of diseases, we cure them all at the same time, as we treat : all diseases constitutionally. Astbm?., Consumption. Catarrh, Bronchitis, Rheumatism, Kidney, and Liver Disease, Chills and Fever, Fe male Tronbles, io all its forms, and, in fact, every disease known to the human system. Beware of M?it Mtatioi! See that oar Trade-Mark (same as above) appears on each jug. Send for book "History of the Microbe Killer," given away by Dr. A. J. China, 'Druggist, Sole Agent. Jan 22 HEAD. TrytheGure Ely's Cream Balm Cleanses the ??asal Passages. Al lays Inflammation. Heals the Sores. Restores the Senses of Taste, Smell and Hearing. A particle is applied iato each nostril and is agreeable. Price 50c at Drusrgi*ts or by mail. ELY BROTHERS^G Warren St,New York. Is an invaluable remedy for SICK HEADACHE, TORPID LIVER, DYSPEPSIA, PILES, MALARIA, CQSTIVENESS, AND ALL BILIOUS DISEASES. Seid Everywhere. A. WHITE & SON, Fire Insurance Agency, ESTABLISHED 1866. ~ Represent, among other Companies : LIVERPOOL & LONDON & GLOBE. NORTH BRITISH & MERCANTILE. HOME, of New York. . UNDERWRITERS' AGENCY, N. Y. LANCASTER INSURANCE CO. Capital represented, $75,000,000. Feb.12_ ATTENTION ! Citizens of Snrater and Vicinity ! J. M.WINGATE & GO. Have opened a BlacMtl ai WMiiM Slop.. At the old stand of John I. Brnnson, on Re publican Street, opposite Graham's Stables, guarautee to do first class work in every de partment of their business, and ask the pat ronage of the citizens of Sumter and vicinity. Give us a trial. Come and get first class work at bottom prices. Feb. 12._ A. B. ST?CKEY. JOHN T. GREEN. STUCKE Y & GREEN, Attorneys at Law, S?JMTEK, s. c. March 26 J. D. KENNEDY, Attorney at Law, CAMDEN, S. C. Will practice in Kershaw and adja cent counties*. Meli. 12. MONEY TO LOAN. MONEY TO LOAN in sums over S300 on improved farming ;ands. Usual rates of interest. Time?3 to 5 years. By arrangement with partie* we represent costs and commissions have been greatly re duced and loans guaranteed within 30 days after application. INGRAM & MANNING, Attorneys at Law, Sumter, S. C. March 5 University of Santa Carolina, AT COLUMBIA, S. C. Graduate courses. Under-gradaate courses for decrees?3 literary and 6 scientific. Also shorter and elective courses. Professioual courses in law, Pharmacy, Veterinary Science, and Pedagogics. 9 well equipped laboratories ; 4 shops and model room ; new infirmary. Tuition fee, $40 per session ; other fees, $20 (including infirmary fee covering medical attendance, medicines, etc. Table board, $10 to $12.50 per month. Rooms rent free. Total expenses, including fuel, lights, wash ing, books, etc., about $180. Tuition fee remitted to students certifying their inability to pay it. Session opens first Tuesday in Octoher. Entrance examinations held the preceding w ?gk July 30-8 J. 31. McBRYDE, President. The Farmers' Alliance. Prof. C. S. Walker, of the Mass achusetts Agricultural College at Am tierst, has contributed to the Andover Review for August an admirable paper on "the Farmers' Alliance, in which be reviews concisely and with great force the depressed condition of the agricul tural interests of the country. It is undoubtedly true, as Prof Walker says, that the condition of the farmers of America has been too much ignored, and that "the American farmer at the close of xthe nineteenth century, after a hundred years of Republican govern ment, is directly confronted with the question' whether or no he shall, like the fillers of the soil in the Old World, degenerate from his honorable station to the condition of the serf Y7' It is stated by Prof Walker upou good authority that "250,000 persons control 75 to 80 per cent of the national wealth ; that the 3 per cent of the population, who own 75 per cent, of the wealth pay but 27 per cent, of the taxes. While the other 97 per cent of the population, who own but 25 per cent of the wealth, pay 73 per cent of the expenses of the Government." Whether these figures be correct or not, and Prof Walker does not vouch for their accuracy, there cau be no question that the farmers bear far more than their legitimate share of the burdens cf Federal taxation, and that while the rich are growing richer the poor are growing poorer, and less able to cope with the money kings in whose pockets the wealth of the country has been congested. Prof Walker bases upon the second annual report of the Bureau of Labor Statistics of North Carolina, confirmed by the reports of the State Granges of North Carolina and of the other South ern States, a vivid conception of the character and environment of the South ern farmers." He says: "From these and other trustworthy sources we learn that the average farmer of the South fails to prosper iu good years ; and in years of drought, or of too much rain, becomes well nigh bank rupt; that he buys on credit, mortgag ing his crops at exorbitant rates of in terest; that he buys his own food largely, expecting to pay in cotton or some other special crop, giving high prices for everything ; that he fails to make barnyard manure, preferring to buy commercial fertilizers which too often prove to be of little value, of too great cost, and a total loss by reason of unfavorable conditions ; that he must seil his crop for what dealers choose to pay, and submit to extravagant charges for packing, transportation, and waste ; that he is able neither to let his land profitably to tenants, nor to hire effi cient help even at high prices, nor to work his land himself successfully." The 229 representative farmers included in the North Carolina report for the - year 1SS7 reported an actual loss of 3^- per cent, on their capital. With the average New Englaud farmer the results have been little if any better. The report of the Labor Bureau of Con necticut for 1S88 shows that the average earnings of 969 farmers, for their work of superintendence and manual labor, were ?184.31 for the year. The aver age wages of the hired man was ?386. 36, while the wages of the operators in uinety manufacturing establishments of the State was $441. Id Massachusetts the condition of the farmer is no better lie receives for his superintendence and his own manual labor $326.49, while the wages of the average hired farm laborer amounts to ?345. Prof Walker refers to. the competition between the city and the country as one of the cau ses which have led to the unremunera tive character of farm work, and claims that under existing conditions the city bas the advantage?"the farmer sells cheap and buys dear, and buys dear and sells cheap." "A hundred years ago," says Prof Walker, "the farmer was dominant. Agriculture was strong, and manufac tures were infant industries to be nourished. Now the infant has nothing to fear from the competition of the far mer *' The manufacturers are on top and under their control of the legisla tion of the country they have brought the country face to face wi'h the periis which now threaten the very existence of the Government. Slow and conser vative in their methods, the farmers have resolved to unite together for the protection of their own interests, and with this object in view they have form ed the Farmers' Alliance which, under wise and conservative direction, is des tioed to become the controlling factor in the politics of the nation. Prof Walker reviews briefly the plan upon which the Alliance has been form ed. Its openly expressed object is "to efficiently promote social, business and educational ends." It ignores section alism and party lines. It is a combina tion of farmers for the benefit of far mers, and proceeds upon the theory that "if the law of competition is good for the manufacturer and the banker, for the railroads and the stock exchange, for the professional man and the mechanic, it must be good als'? for the farmer." Prof Walker does not think it will be easy to find fault with the Alliance's declaration of purposes, although he holds that it is not so diffi cult to "criticise some of the particular measures which they are advocating to secure these ends." If these measures, says Prof Walker, are rejected, then it i becomes the true statesman to devise i some other methods aud measures by j which the farmers of America may be i saved from the fate of the agricultural i class of other lands, and of other ages, ( If the Farn-Grs' Movemeut," he says ( again, "shall succeed in turning the | public opiuion of the nation to the e oecessity of 'demaudiog equal rights f for all and special favors for none,* t and of suppressing personal, local, sec- t tional and national prejudices, it will ; atone for many mistakes and prove it- '. self to be one of the great developments t of a people's life." \ Surely this is a consummation devout- ( ly to be wished, but it cau only be sue- < cessfully accomplished by the wisest c statesmanship and by conservative ( counsel. It will not attend the ravings * of the demagogue, nor will it come by r the incitement of class hostilities. It I 1 will not come in a day or a year, but J s only by persistent effort aud well-1 1 directed effort to the end. There must U be a gradaal, bat complete reversal of the commercial policy of this country. The ''infant industries," which have served to impoverish the farmers, must learo to walk alone, and the markets of the world must be opened to the pro ducts of our farmers. The American crops are already far in excess of the demands of the American markets We must find new markets, and so long as oar ports are closed to the rest of the world we cannot expect the rest of the world to open their markets to as. As long as the protection policy pre vails, the farmers of the TJuited States will be compelled to buy dear and sell cheap. But, besides striving after reciprocal trade relations with the other countries of the world, the Farmers' Alliance should inculcate among its members the saving doctrine of domestic independ ence. Prof. Walker tells us that the Southern farmer buys on credit, mortgaging his crops at exorbitant rates of interest; that be buys his own food largely/' and that "he fails to make barnyard manure," etc., etc. These are practical questions which the Farmers' Alliance can assist the farmer in solving to his advantage. All the Government warehouses that can be built from now until the end of the world will not help the farmer who is dependent upon his mortgages to make his crops. Before the farmer can have anything to store in the warehouses, be must be able to make it over and above the provisions that are necessary to keep him going. And when he has acquired this condition of domestic in dependence he will not be dependent upon the b -unty or paternal care of the Government, and to enjoy which he must consent to tax himself still fur ther. ' With the farmers of America/' says Prof Walker in concluding his paper, assured of the permanence of their homes, secure of their future, making progress mentally, morally, socially, and financially, the cities of Dur land will have a normal develop ment, the other classes of society will be prosperous, our Republican institu tions will be maintained, and the whole world will be blessed. * * * Here, then, is the opportunity of this century for the man of the people, the true leader, the genuine statesman, to turn from the petty strifes after spoils and political preferment, that be may com prehend this movement, discover its langers, prevent disaster, restrain and juide, until the goal of assured victory s gained."?News and Courier. A. Sub-Treasury Bill Sub stitute. The paper known as the "Sub-Treas ary bill." which had been sent down to ;he Sub-Alliances for adoption or re lection, coming up at the monthly meet ing of the Caldwell Co., N. C, Farmers, Alliance, as unfinished business from :he April meeting, a motion was made o adopt. After an able discussion of ,he bill for and against, a vote was aken and the motion to adopt was lost. Dr. R L. Beall then offered the follow ing paper, which was adopted, viz: Believing in the fundamental prin ciples of our Constitution, viz: eqaal "ights to all, special favors to none ; to constantly strive to secure harmony and *ood will among all mankind ; to sup press personal, local, sectional and national prejudices ; and having faith the intelligence and conservatism of pur fellow citizens, we offer the follow ng plan as a remedy for existing public ?vils, not only to our brethren in North Carolina, but of the whole order, and would firmly but respectfully ask of all jandiuates for the Legislature or Con gress a public acceptance of the same. First, Such a modification of the ;ariff as will allow the products of our farms not only to reach the free mark ets of the world, but to get in exchange for our products the manufactures of a free market without unjust restric tions. Second, Such an economical adminis tration of national finances as shall leave none of the people's money lock ?d in the government vaults as a surplus above the needs of the government, thereby contracting the currency, or acting as a temptation to corrupt ?ehernes, or wasted on needless public buildings and unnavigable harbors and rivers. Third, A modification of the national banking act, so as to prevent a needless 3ootraction of the currency; the repeal pf the tax on our State banks, and free ?oinage and remonetization of silver. Fourth, A cessation and repeal of all inconstitutional, centralizing, sectional ind partisan legislation by Congress, :hereby promoting a feeling of national brotherhood and confidence in the just ness and stability of the government which is the basis of national pros perity. Fifth, A proper control of the rai! oads, which are but the highways of he people for purposes of travel and ?ommerce, in such a manner as not to Jeprive the r&ilroad companies of a re ?Onab?e profit on their investment and it the same time projet the people Vom unjust discriminations and restric ions on trade and travel. 1 Sixth. Stern opposition to the usur pation of powers not granted in the con- < itittition and reserved to the people. l The campaign closed with the meet- ; ng at Walterboro on Tuesday. It was, i o every respect, a campaign without precedent in this State. In tnanv of j ts characteristics it was such as to i nduce the wish on the part of good < jitizens that we may never have another j )f its kiud Possibly, however, it has . ?ad two effects. It has but strengt.ii sncd the opinion of Captain Tillman's t riends that he is the very best man for ( he place?the only man who can help { he State out of the difficulties with ! vbieh she is said to be surrounded. ! ] ['hose who oppose his election arc as j ( ieterriiineci in their oppostion as they j ( vere upon the first intimation that ! ( }aptaio Tillman wanted to be Gov- j irnor. Indeed, in the minds of this ; ilass of our people, the conviction that t japtain Tillman is not a proper person < o be at the head of the State Govern- ] nent has boon very much strengthened I t iy his bearing aud utterances on the i tump Altogether the ennvass may j ?e consiv?ered a failure.?Spnrtcntburg ! 1 Utndd. ' J Don't Give Up the Fight. Although there seems to be little doubt now but that the Tillmau?tes will carry the August Convention ar.d vote against primary, still thaf is by no means a reason why the Straightouts should give up the fight. There is no telling what chages a month may bring forth, and the reaction which is sure to set in, sooner or later, may be sufficient ly strong by that time to bring about a change in the sentiments of some of the Tillman delegates so that some sort of arrangement may be made by which the wide breach which already exists in the Democratic party may be practically closed. It is true that Col. Hoyt, Chairman of the Executive Committee, has made an effort to have a joint con ference between his committee, and the Tillman and anti Tillman committees, of which Mr. Shell and Gen. Kennedy are the Chairmen respectively, and has failed in this undertaking on accou t of the refusal of Mr. Shell. Neverthe less it is Dot too late to accomplish wonders yet. The Tillmanites are car rying things with a high hand, they want no one in office who does not an swer the questions they put to them to fu't their own arbitrary notions, they talk about boycotting this and that paper if the editor presumes to write editorials which they do not endorse, and act as though there was no other class in the State except the farming class, and all legislation should be shaped to suit the farmer to the exclu sion of all other men. This state of affairs cannot last long in the nature of things, and, if a sufficient reaction is brought about during the next month, such a tremendous pressure; will be brought to bear on the Tillman dele gates to the September Convention that they may be induced to come to terms which will be in a measure satisfactory to both factions of the party. We re peat again, that the fight should not be given up until the September Conven tion ; let every inch of ground be hotly contested, and if we are compelled to give up at the last let ns go down with flying colors and with the consciousness that we have done our best for good government and the State.?Darlington Herald. - ? I I ? To abide or not to abide by the nomination ofthe September convention, if that convention nominates Mr. Till man, is a question that many are now considering. As little as may be thought, there are many men in the State who will not vote for Mr. Till man, under present conditions at least. They feel that Mr. Tillman has rent apart the feeling of fellowship among the white people of the State that has ex isted hitherto; that he ban maligned all that South Carolina holds most dear, and that be in no way embodies the ideas fought for so earnestly in 1876. Therefore, feeling that be is not the exponent of the ideas of the Democratic party, they do not deem themselves called on to give him support. There are thousands of such men throughout the State, and what is to be their course of action between the meetings of the August and September conventions is a matter of speculation now. Without a leader, without organization, these men are thinking for theoiselves. The action and complexion of the August convention may make these men or ganize and fight Mr. Tillman to the end. If this proves true, there are livelier times ahead than have been seen this year. How strong this party is cannot be told now, but all know that it has bravos and money, and that the men who com pose it are worthy foemen in any con test. They are largely men who have bad much influence because they de served it. Their influence has availed nothing so far in the fight. It has been swept aside by an unintelligible force. But under other conditions it may re turn, and if it does, Mr. Tillman may not yet be Governor. Whether these men will make a fight and show their strength, or whether they will be content to submit quietly to Mr. Tillman's election and then harass every step he makes for the next two years to bis defeat in 1892, is a matter of speculation for others and a matter for determination by them. However gloomy the future may seem to gome, and however full of hope for Mr. Tillman, there is an unmistakable under current that will toss Mr. Till man't batteau possibly to the drowning of its crew.?Columbia Record. Harmonizing in Abbeville. The following is from the proceedings of the Abbeville County Conventiou. The resolutions were adopted : Maj, J. K. Vance.?I have a set of resolutions which I propose to offer. I am an aoti-Tillman man, and fought as hard as any one as long as I saw any hope of success. But it is now ascer tained that B R. Tillman is certainly the choice of a large majority of our people. The resolutions arc as follows : Whereas events Lave shown that Benjamin R. Tillman has achieved success in the State Campaign and that he wi!i be the next Governor of South Carolina and Whereas, up to this date no citizen opposed to the movement led and re presented by B. R. Tillman has an nounced himself as a candidate for the Senate or for the House of Representa tives from this County; and Whereas, there have been indications sometimes amounting almost to th-eats, that there would be a split, or a bolt, )r an independent movement on the part of some of the Democracy of this t?te : and Whereas such split, or bolt, or in lependent movement xrould be most li-astrous to the State aud to the D?m unit ic Party, and Whereas there is" danger that the [tepublican party in this State may at empt to be reorganized and may j mdeavor to elect. Sr;tte, Couu?y, and Congressional oi'lircrs : Therefore, in the interest of pence tnd prosperity and for the welfare of he County and State and the Demo sratio party and to the end that all true Democrats may stand shoulder to shou! ier to resist the power of the cver ^atchful Republican Adversary. Be it It-Solved, by the Democracy of Ab-J )evi!le County in Convention Assem- j jlcd; that il is the sense of this Cou- 1 vention that no citizen of this County opposed to B. R. Tiilman or the Re form Movement should announce him self as candidate for the Senate or the House of Representatives and that as a united and solid Democracy, we will at the county primary, select from can didates hitherto announced, and the candidates who may be in the field at that time and in sympathy with the spirit of these resolutions. ??? *> ? The People are Getting Straight Again. Sioce the friends of Tiilman have carried the day, and the victory is theirs completely, quiet and peace is being restored among all classes. One of the absurd and foolish things of this campaign has been the claim that the candidate for county office is better fitted for the discharge of official duties by declaring himself "for Tiil man." At Greenwood last Thursday we heard of one candidate who went into a store full of strangers to him, and announced his candidacy, saying be was "for Tiilman." He repeated the expression a number of times, aud the gentleman who spoke to us of the fact, said that he was a Tillmanite of the s'rongest sort, but that he would on principle vote for no man for county office who based his claims on any such a pretext. Being for or against Tiilman doe9 not qualify a man to fill a county office, although it is necessary for a candidate for the Legislature to declare himself. It is perfectly right for all such to define their positions on political questions. But we do trust that the intelligence and decency of Abbeville county will vote for the best qualified men for county office, regardless of any latter day conversion to Tiilman politics when he does not need their help, and their following doss not qualify tbem at all for office.?Abbeville Press and Banner. The Bagging Question. The farmers are on top in the jute bagging fight. It is now only about half the price it was before they tackled it- They are still keeping up the fight and intend to fight it to the end. Our merchants are laying in a big supply of sugar sacks as a substitute for regular jute bagging. This is well for our farmers as it is both cheap and heavy. We learn that it weighs about 2? pounds to the yard, and is to be sold at 7? cents. Instead of keeping up the fight at a loss, as was done last year, the farmers will this year lose absolutely nothiug in weight and get the covering at a less cost than they did last year. We are not informed as to what quantity of sugar sacks has been bought but it is reasonable to suppose that the supply will not be equal to the demand, for the reasons that it is heavier and cheaper than the jute bagging. It may, therefore, be well for planters to inves tigate this matter and make such ar rangements as they deem most desirable. Io connection with this, we wish to call the attention of our farmers to the importance of packing their cotton in standard bales?four hundred pounds. Six per ceut. of the gross weight of a bale is knocked off for the bagging and ties. The farmer, then, should put on six pounds of bagging and ties for every hundred pounds of the gross weight of the bale If he puts on less than this amount of bagging and ties, he forces himself to submit to a loss of lint cotton. Tber- is obliged to be a loss to the farmer of about sixty cents a hundred for any excess in the bale over 400 pounds. If a bale weighs 600 pounds the tare is 36 pounds If only 24 pounds of bagging aud ties is put on, the farmer loses 12 pounds of lint cottou. Abbeville County has been losing by packing heavy bales, enough money to pay her taxes. There isn't a farmer in Abbeville County who packs his cottou in 600 pound bales, who will not lose an amount equal to his taxes. The fight on jute bagging, ao^ the opening of the eyes ot the people to their loss in packiug heavy bales, will be worth to this county alone in years to come, hundreds of thousands of dol lars When the people find out that they are losing from 50 cents to ?1 a bale on heavy bags, they will save by re ducing the weight. This, together with their victory io reducing the price of jute, should be a sufficient recom pense for their trouble, even if nothing else is gained ?Abbeville Press and Banner. Samuel Colgan, an ambitious onice secker, of Eigefield County, S. C , makes the following unique announce ment of his candidacy, through the columns of a local paper: "To the good people of Eigefield : The wiud bloweth where it listeth, and no man can tell whence it comes, or whither it goctb, but I am not that kind of a cat. I am a Hen Tiilman cat, and if elected county commissioner, propose to reform, beautify, adorn, resusicate, rejuvenate and rehabiliate Eigefield county from the edge of the water up to the top of the rocks. I am a laboring man and haul wood If not elected. I can haul on. I would say more, but I am a man of few words, and full of trouble. The inflicting of the death penalty by electricity on Kern m 2er, in Auburn, 2sT. Y., penitentiary, Wednesday morning, after all the law's delay, settles the fact, which was stubbornly resisted, that this is a sure, and as far as can be demon strated, a painless way of dispatching criminals senteuced to death. But we don't think it will strike the public with so much favor as to be adopted to any considerable extent in place of hanging. It is too complicated, and too liable to mishaps, eveu at the last moment. The fact that there was something wrong in fhis case, after the extraordinay efforts to have everything work smoothly, and that a second shock had to be given to make death sure, shows this. The old method of hanging may not be as scien tific nor as artistic, but it is when well ! done as expeditious, effective and pro- j \ bably as painless. ] j Fremont's Exploring Expe* ditions. Fremont's genius showed itself chiefly in his explorations, which were fully appreciated at the time by his fellow-countrymen, and were known to the FcientiGc world of Europe. His five different exploring expeditions covered a period of more than ten years. Before the first of these expeditions general ignorance prevailed as to the fcpecific character of the country between the eastern slopes of the Rockies and the western slopes of the Sierra Nevadas. This he supplanted with accurate and extensive information as to nearly the entire region west of the Missouri River and between Mexican and British possessions. The personal experiences of members of the exploring parties would make a volume of thrilling interest. Tn those days buffaloes swarmed on the Western plaie? ; hostile bands of Indians were frequently encountered and routed. The iives of the explorers were full of extremes. Ftom a superabundance of buffalo meat on the hot prairies, it was often but a few days before the party almost died of famine in the snow of the mountains. At different times some of them were killed by Indians, over come by the cold, lost in storms, aud forced to eat their horses and dogs They descended rapids, and cut their way through snow banks until many of their animals died of exhaustion and hunger. Fremont was an ideal leader. His courage was a constant quality. His companions admired him for his gener ous feeling for all of his company ; and they could not but be brave when led by one who bad no fear. Among his companions was the famous soout Kit Carson, wbose-eccentric dating and skil ful hunting enlivened with many sur prising incidents the experiences of the expeditions wl ".ch he accompanied. The object of the first expedition was to obtain accurate knowledge as to the character of the Territories of Nebraska and Wyoming, aud especially of South Pass?the opening through the moun tains on the way to Oregon. He ac complished even more than this ; going farther north, he planted the United States flag on the highest peak of the Rockies, which now bears his name. His report at once made it evident that much of this Western country was so fertile that it would soon be settled. The second expedition which started in the spring of 1843, and lasted for fourteen months, was much more ambitions. Its object was to explore the possible lines of communication between Missouri, Nebraska, Wyoming, Utah, Idaho, and Oregon, aud to find a way by land from the lower Columbia River to the Bay of San Francisco. The wonderful hardships endured upon this expedition were rewarded with the marvellous disclosures of th*- ographi cal variety and wealth of t e country traversed. The great Salt Lake was hitherto almost unknowD, and no ac curate information existed with regard to California north of Sacramento. It was his report of the resources of Utah that first attracted the attention of the Mormons, and ultimately led to their removal to Salt Lake City. During this expedition Freemont led uoguided over the mountains his band, composed mainly of French Canadians, where the native savages told him, there was no trail, and where his beasts of burden could find neither subsistence nor foot ing. These heroic deeds spread his fame wherever newspapers were read, and won from his government the double brevet of First Lieutenant aud Captain. The purpose of the third expedition, begun in 1845, was to explore the great basin and coast of California and Oregon Political events ioterposed, and transformed this scientific expedi tion into a military and political con quest. The fourth expedition, begun in 1848, at his own expense, discovered a passage to California via the head waters of the Rio Grande, along a route subsequently followed by the Southern Pacific Railroad. The fifth and last expedition was nn deitaken in 1853, with a view to dis cover the best route for a national highway from the Mississippi Valley to the Pacific) Ocean.?Harper's Weekly Wonderful Vitality. Greensboro, N. C , Aug. G ?At 4' o'clock yesterday morning a negro oamed Schofield Grant, Alias Merritt, was killed on the Richmond and Dan ville track in the soithern part of this city. He stepped off the main line out of the way of a train on a side track directly iu front of a backing engine He was knocked down and run over. His body was cut almost completely in two at the waist, only a shred of muscle holding the two parts together. The wheels of two cars and a tender passed over, yet when the train stopped he told the hands bow to take him out He was laid on a skid and lived and talked calmly of his injuries for an hour or more. Occasionally he would glance at the parts of his body lying around. The first of his relatives to reach him was his aged grandmother, who dropped j dead after looking upon his injuries. - mm* " - ? Mr. Geo. I. Cunningham, who has been prominently spoken of as a Re publican candidate for Governor in the approaching election, stated to a re porter of the Charleston Sun at the custom house Saturday that he was em phatically out of the Gubernatorial race, and unwilling that his name be used in any connection with it. Said he: **I have seen it intimated in several up country papers, and also in the Sun. of ray being the Republican candidate against Capt. Tiilman. This is alto gether unauthorized. I will not be pitted against him. The fight for the Governor is strictly befweeu the I> mo srafs of the State aud Republicans mould not dip in " DO >'OT S?FFJEK ANY LON?KR. Knowing that a Coogh can be checked in :i 'ay, and tiio first stage* of consumption h*-..^" n a week, we hereby guarantee Dr. Acker's English Cough Remedy, ::n<l will refuuu ?be Doney to all who boy, t;;ke it as per directions, nul Jo not find our statement co:rect. I 1 i k Sick headache is the bane of many live*, rhis annoying complaint may be cured and | ?revented by the occasional use of Dr. J. H. a 1cLean's Liver aud Kiduey Pilleis (little \ > >ilis). vljul [p Absent Democrats to Blame. St. Louis, Mo , August 3.?Con gressman Mansur while in this city en route for Washington, after a stay of three weeks in the State, repeated a conversation he had with Major Mc Kinley, of Ohio, on the train the night Mills, McKinley and he left Washing ton together to come home. "Mills and McKinley are paired during their absence from the Bouse/' he said, "and we all traveled together as far as Ohio. During the evening' the subject of the passage of the Lodge election bill came up "Tou gentle men don't know," McKinley said, how near you came to defeating the Federal election bill in the Souse/' I said to him that I wished* we bad known and had been able to kill the' infamous measure. "Ton came near doing it, went on Mr. MeKinly, 'at the time when Lehl bach, of N?w Jersey, introduced his amendment to the till making it apply to every part of the country and strik ing out tbt.t portion of it making it effective only in districts where 250 voters petitioned for its adoption. If Lehlbacb's amendment bad passed wer would have abandoned the bill right there The amendment, if yo? wi'L remember, was defeated by only three votes, and five or six Democrats were absent. Had they been in their sea*s the force bill would have never passed the House.' "I believe McKinley told the truth when he stated that the bill would luve' been abandoned if it had been made to apply to the whole country, North and South ah?e, aud, as he^says, absent Democrats are responsible for the pas sage of the villainous measure." Rattled. Why not nominate candidates for the' State offices at the Convention to be' held on the 13th of August ? What is the use of waiting until September, when it mu6t be clear to even the most rabid opposer of Capt. Tiilman thafc' there is no hope for any other outcome of the struggle for the gubernatorial office than the endorsement of the* suggestion by the Farmers' Convention f What is the sense of continuing the strife and turmoil until September ju?t to suit a few irreconcilables who will not be satisfied with the nomination of Tiil man by any method and would perhaps" vote against him under any corci?mstan* ce ??Rock Hill Herald. The Press and Banner sees the inevi table, and we are just as ready to take' our Tiilman medicine in August, as we; expect to be in September. It is only a question of time.?Abbeville Pres? and Banner. A Washington dispatch to the At lanta Constitution says :: Coi. Ti!!a?*s:l brother of the candidate for governor, has recently received the alliance cate chism, and is now engaged in answer ing the questions which have caused the political death of so many politicians. He will probably send a reply within the next few days, in which he wilt come out against the sub-treasury bill. He has studied the question thoroughly, and those who have talked with hioi say his argument against it is absolutely convincing. The Augusta Chronicle says rt 1?= reported that the plan is to elect Capt. Benjamin Ii. Tiilman governor, the Hon. George D. Tiilman United States Senator in Wade Hampton's place, and the Hon. W. J. Talbert to Congress from the Second District in the Hoi-. George D. Tillman's place. It is said that the post ofiije iff Washington rs so overrun with circu lars, papers, etc., from pension claim' agents that it tikes about four days to* get a letter from that city to Baltimore, because the clerks are unable to handle' the mass of matter that is daily dumped in upon them. ?- mum -4mmW*~? The Suprem . Court of Georgia fays refused to grant a new trial to Tom' Woolfolk, who it will be remembered, murdered nine members ot his family on August 6-th, 1S87. As a conse quence he will be resentenced and hanged. Mrs. Elizabeth Sands, who died in Baltimore last Sunday aged ?01, is siid never to hr.ve got cut of humor,, which wilt probably account for the' sands Gf life running so long with her. Good hamor is a splendid recipe for longevity. The Darlington Factory is now hard at work on an order received from? from Shanghai, China, for about sir car-loads of their goods. Disease lies iu anihush for the weak; a feeble constitution is ill adapted to encounter a malarious atruost.-here and sudden changes' of temperature, and the least robust are' usually the easiest victims. Dr. J. H. McLean's Sarsap.iriila will pive tone, vitality aud strength to the entire body. vljul DR. ACKER'S ?INGJLISH PFLLS Arc active, effective ai?d pure. For sick headache, disordered stomach',-Joss cf appetite,, bd complexion nrd bitk-usoess. they haver never been coin led. either io America orabroad. Sold by Dr j. F. W. Dei.crme. 2 A Scrap of Paper Saves H?*r Life. It was just :m ordinary scrap ?>f wrapping-' p.;per, but :t saved- her life. She was in the la.-t tft'ygtis ?>f consumption, r?>!d bj phvricians* that she was incurable and could only live a h->rt time: she weighed iess th?n seventy" pounds. Un a piece of wr?pprng paper she' -ead of I>r. King's New Discovery. ?nd got a -ample bottle: it helped her, she bought a arge bottle, it helped heriborc. bought another' uni few better last, co*i tin arid its use and i.<r tow strong, healthy, rosy, plump, weighing' 140 pounds. Foi feller particulars send stanijf o W. H. C dc. Druggist, Fort Smith. Trial sorties of thi.t wonderful Discovery free at J. F iV. DeLormc's Drutr Store. 41 ADVICE TO MOTHERS. Mrs. Window's So^'rfing Sy?Tip sho"uld; dways he used foi children teething. It oothes the child, Sfftens the poms, allays ail lain, cures wind co??c and is the best remedy or diarrh a. 25c a bottle. Persons advanced in yen rs feel younger and' tronpor, as well as freer from the infirmities* >f ft(>e, by taking Dr. J. H. McLean's Snrsa laril'la. " r vljul If you feel unable to do yenr work, and iave that tired feeling, take Dr. J. H. Mc .ear.'s Sarsaparilla: it will make you bright, ctive and vigorous. vljul Pimples, boils and other humors, are iabie to appear when the hlood pets heated, 'he best remedy is Dr. J. H. McLean's Sarsa <rilla. vljul Distress after eating, heartburn, sick head che, and indigestion are cored by'Dr. J. B It-Lean's Liver sud Kidaey PiHets ( - ; * -vi:--:*'