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pite iSflt?ifli Ail S'outlnm '>"..,".,..'?.-!-'-:-~ " '-" mfiJO&ttM, WXtCBlAAS, .fc***bii?hed A prU, 1850. "Be Just ard Fear not-Let all the Ends thou Aims't at. ce thy Country's, thy God's, and Truth's." THE TRUE SOUTHRON, Est ?Ml tn rd jane, Consolidated An?. 2, 1881.1_ SUMTER, S. C., TUESDAY, JUNE 5, 1883. _New Series-Vol. IL So. 43. IPI/ ^ . 1R: :?Riic?pa? and. Southron Publishing ???^ % \. SUMTER* S. ?L ^ - .TKIUttS *. . . ^l^fw^PrfliCT' per ?noam-in advance. ilTIl'lIIITi. |fe^6a^-$1 00 ppp; three mon Aa, or longer will ^>i~s*a?aa%V Witt be charged for as adverti??ments. Gg^^K*"*"tributes of respect will be j&^v of?/'W* aotket aad aoticet of deaths^>ub . 3te j* work orcoatraets foi advertising ^<j.^%ijWMig1fcfl'ffwiiw >nif Somtiro*, or a:?ply at eha.^Poase, to N. G. 0STB?N, ^p^'J-, . Basion Manager. ; gra?CNGTON, COLUMBIA AND ^^^KS- AUGUSTA IL E.. gj^^:-'^tADr8-60IKg SOUTH. ':- V ?'. *''^jj^f^y^*_r_5 ?pm f 5 2 ? in ^?^^^'?^Sftx?Ut-?S ttop*" at afl*i$tAttotts. ' ^"%^|fcfc^4t amt-4I.~stops onlj at Brinkley's, .^^.^ Saster, Canden Juce ^^^B^mg?t? (er Calumnia and all points on ILK, O/C. A. A. R. R. Stations, ^??m^mPtt?vm, *9d aRpaiats bejond. should >fe";tal?"sfe it Night Kxerass. "^ff-'^jjj-Pgflm- Sheers for Charleston jy/?S\ ?t??fn? aga Hs aa arasa? 48 ami 47. ?ri' v~< VsStmmnfaea ?a 49 ran take 49 train frc m 'Asmame? 4ar Ca?amb?, Acgaata und Georgia ^:/^:jys^sMr^fct rn safid between Charleston and ^&^^'" ^?ffl?lr. DFVINR teeni Sop'L ifc?L 13t?RSQS. Gan. Passenger Ag't. ^^j^Ss^mBA^^ BAJLRJA^cS.2* ^^yj^rfWfter tfriadftte the fellowing Sche? id ' ' 3 ~30 ip/n..'. 1 20 A.M! "V 5' ;jrf^ ,JU IC ?MM..-? 00 P. Sf. . Lear? fateeoce. i Arrive Charkstoo. S ?--6 20 A. ll. - ll" JO ?. K.^.^......^.-8 00 A. M. y\ ^^W^gg^^M 2^25 A^M. will ; o?rULZAEStol) SCHSDULE. -" fi?ffftAYS EXCEPTED. ?^Wf II" i ......w^.., 1 15 pm rv*- Attireat^Sasater^^..^.^.^^.. 5 50 pm ~. :Jta??*> 8amter._ 8 45 a m ** tewY^^^.- 4 05 O m Arrive at Charleston_.fi 30 j> m p T^.SstfiRSQN, J. F. DIVINE, ^ . fL -te^Tioket Agt. Ge?M Sogt. at3^H^ts^^ ' -_^_^ _ ^ ?t^ip^^JnB aK^sa??taaaala^a^^Si^ft?^A^^? ^j*-*i^?gM^ya^sj^^paja^pa^^sa^?^pyy^"r c ? -r-r - " " dTtQ?&K&t&ni* Tahraarj 4th, 1883. Pas - * Train* w?U rae ?a follow*, anti! far rj? .aaar .qiitii a . {So irma* ace rae oa Caa?den ' r Baaaajp oar Sm*?*y$ ) v. . ' . TO.OaMTIIBtA. taara Caatdan-"" "-5 45 a tn 4 30pm y na? ff? ? J sa J auction... 8 09 a m 6 ?.b p m Atti?? at Columbia _11 28 a m 10 35 p m ra?H COLOMBIA ? . . ? T.aaa? Cnsaaihij-.- 8 09 a a?... fi 58 p ai ^ ' Arrihp Cwsdoti Jonetioa..l 1 35 a ui.^ 8 48 p ot Arriga at Caad?m-I 4*3 p ir...io 12 p tn ,' TO csAa^aarojt Laaaw Cimaan-S 45 a aa 4 30 p tc ?*e#e Csmaen June'.-809am fi 35 pm Atrfnat Caarfost??_! ?9 p m 11 30 p m 1 ? -rwtiM esABtcsrox c Laara Caari*#too_ 7 ?fi a rn-.. 8 35 a m ito^geajUa^Jan^^U 35 a tn... & 4S p m r * > TO AC?0?TA ^ ^ rSaava'Casaiiaii ..-?^ ........fi 45 a tn 4 39 p m ^ Lamra Casadaa Jone'-S 09 * tn fi 35 pm rr Ampar? ai Aa^nsu-_-2 00 pm 7 13 a m ^ . raosj AnocsTA* taara Aafaata-7 "05 a ?...9 00 p m ?AfTfN jCight ioae^^S 48 p m I') MA m ArrTvs Campea -.... .._re 12 p o 149pm - cosaracTioaa. Ca-att?oas atada at Columbia with Coluaa aasTa^teaafqieltaUrirad both ways, to ana ?Wm vii pota ts ?u that Road an<] OD tbe Spar - taabarg. Paiaa aad Cafemfcia aa4 Spartanbarg ??4 *AJh?We Railroad*. ch>o with the Char tslaf, Cslambm and Aapxnx Rajlraad to and . - ftasa ali patats Karth by trains leaving Camden a? fi 45 a ai, ?od arriatoK at 19 12 p m. iftaibwlfimi aaa? at Aogosta to alt Point. Waat ami Seato ; also at Charleatea with ' ic asmar? far Mew York-oo Wedneaaavs and 'sHMTdayr. Also w?b Ciarieston snd Savannah . Railway for Savannah and all .point? Sooth. C?t>?ecttaa? made at Blackville with Barn. ?mil R. BU to ead from Barnwell by all trains eat aamns Om?oa. e x.Osi Satardays ROUND TRIP TICK HTS ara ?> aaH to -d trim all Stations at oae tret class ""1t^?_ *T fha roand trip-tickets being good till W?mLo???7 noon, to return. Kxearrion ucktu B Bnai fat 19 daj* are regularly on sale to and Bram all ?ta??os ?t fi eaoto per mila fur round fl P tflKO??H TICKETS to all pointy, can be j^^jaydbjnerf by appljing to James Jones. Agent Oanarai Passenger and Ticket Agent. I JOB? % PECK, General Manager. F Charleston, S. C. \ ~%mm m HARNESS. Ff!? EST LEATHER OX HAND Ready be worked op at the lowest living -> of the latest style and of my ^jNWijm^konualrfp, at ray shop to sell. ia? prepared to do all kinds of Jobs in ?7 B?m of business. All Orders received ri m|B jpffompfly attended to, and with the gitafset os re. , . . .A fall Hoe of READY-MADE HARNESS, * SADDLES, BRIDLES, COLLARS, MARTIN? GALES? and ?Vy-j BVKRYTBING EL?E J faVtaiamaf. to a Fi rst-dass Haroesa Shop. OLD HARNESS made to look as good .nd REPAIRING 024 TRUNKS -A SPECIALTY. Jj . 4? WC&S-in my line GUARANTEED togtre SATISFACTION. T. ft WROTEN, ?UNE SHILDREN. BY C. F. ADAMS. Oh, dose shildren, dose shildren, dey bod dher mine life 1 Vby don'd dey keep quiet, like Gretchen, mine vi fe? Vot makes them so shock fool off mischief, I ?under, A-stumping der room roundt mit noises like dunder? Hear dot ! Vas dere anyding make sooch a noise As Herman und Otto, mine two leedle poys? Ven I dake ocp mine pipe for a goot quiet .brooke, Dey crawl me all dfer, und dink id a shoke To go droo mine' bocke ts to see rot dey find, Und if mit der latch-key my vatcb dey can vind. Id takes someding more as dheir fader und moder To qviet dot Otto und his leedle broder. Dey sh tub oudt dheir boots, und rear holes in der knees Off dheir d rousers, und shtockiogs, nnd sooch diogs as dese. I ding if dot Crcesus vas lifing to-day, Dose poys make more pills as dot Kaiser could pay ; I find me qvick oudt dot some riches dake vings, Ven each gouple a tays I must buy dem new dings. I pring dose two ebafers some toys efry tay, Pecaase "Shoony Schwartz has sooch nice dings," dey say, "Und Sbonny Schwartz' barents vas poorer as ve" Dot's vot der young rashkells vas saying to me. Dot old Santa Klaas mit a sh leigh fool off toys Don'd gif satisfactions to dose greedy poys. Dey kick der clothes off yen ashleep in dheir ped, Und get so modi croup dot dey almosdt vas dead; Budt id don'd make no tifferent; pefore it vas light Dey vas oop in der morning mid billows to fight. I dink it vas beddher you don'd got some ears Ven dey blay "Holdt der Fort*" ?ad den gi dree cheers. Oh, dose shildren, dose shildren, dey bodder mine life ? Budt sh top shost a leedle. If Gretchen, mine vife, Und dose leedle shildren dey doo'd been around Und all droo der house dere vas nefer a sound Veil, poys, vy you look otip dot vay mit sarbrise? Guess dey see tears in dheir old fader's eyes. -Harper'i Monthly. "East Lynne" Out West. A Remarkable Story of Mixed Family Relations in Louisville. Tbe Louisville Courier-Journal re? lates the following : The quiet neigh? borhood of Jefferson street, between First and Brook, has a scandal, and tbe people who dwell in the vicinity are discussing and are agitated over it. The scandal is all about a wife who de? serted ber bnsband and ran away with a neighbor, but who repented, saw the error of her way. and returned to be forgiven only to find that the forsaken husband had taken op with the neigh? bor's wife. The chief actors in this scandal-play are Jacob Meyers, his wife Mary and David Sch off and his better half. Susie. ?Meyers lives on Jefferson street, near Brook, and makes bis living by pelling the products of the garden. His wife is a handsome brunette of about 35 summers. They have five children, the eldest being a girl about 17 years of age, Sch off and his wife lived on Brook street, near Jefferson, and have one child. The two families were intimate, and the wives were considered the best of friends. About a month ago Meyers awoke early one morning to attend the sale of his vegetables, and found his wife gone. She had stolen away in the night, and gone he knew not where. The same morning Mrs. Sc hoff found her husband missing. The coming night brought neither of the missing ones to their homes, and when the de? serted husband and the abandoned wife learned of what had happened in the home of each they suspected that Schoff ! and Mrs. Meyers had eloped. Tbeir suspicions were confirmed ; Meyers had lost a wife and Mrs. Schoff a husband ; he was a deserted husband and sbe a forsaken wife, and it appeared to them that they could find consolation in each other. He had a family of children and sbe had a baby with no father. Each could supply to the other what had been lost. He would find a wife in her, and she a husband in bim, and and the children would have both a father and mother. This waa the idea that suggested itself to them, aod in a few days Mrs. Schoff and Mr. Meyers were living in the same house, and so far as tbe peo? ple could see, were to each other as man and wife. Tn two weeks their former loves seemed forgotten. They had taken things as ?hey were, and making the most of the circumstances, were not at all put ont by their abandonment. They were happy in their borne, and were preparing to retire on Saturday night, when some one knocked for ad? mittance at the outer door. Mr. Mey? ers opened it. and into the light came j the face and figure of the wife who had deserted him. She bad repented of ber sin and came home to be forgiven. At his feet she fell and pleaded to be taken back to his arm and home. She pleaded so and was so peoitent that be forgave ber, but could not take her back and restore her to ber formar place. Mrs. Schoff had been instituted there and be was contented to see her remain. For her children's sake she begged to be allowed to remain, and ber husband granted ber the privilege of staying in the house and playing second fiddle. Thus do matters stand io the Meyers home. The wife looks sf ter tbe cb ild reo she bas wronged by her desertion, and, to all intents and pur poses, plays the part of housekeeper sod servant. She sleeps in a small roo? op-stairs br herself, while her ed occupy the same chamber together. No one knows what has become of Schoff. He was left io the country and bas not appeared since Mrs. Meyers re? turned home. How long the present state of affairs will remain can only be surmised. The wife, humble and pen? itent, is thankful to be allowed to re? main in the house in any position, while Mrs. Schoff does not seem inclined to retire from her position as mistress of the Meyers family. The neighbors, in the meantime, are much shocked, and as long as Mrs. Schoff and Mr. Meyers continue to live together the same neighbors will remain horrified and have the scandal for a theme of conver? sation. A Bishop Not to be Envied. When the Irish laborer suggested that for a 'nice aisy job of it, he would like to be a bishop * he was evidently under the impression that bishops had little or nothing to do. Bishops could tell a different tale and one which would disperse any such delusions. It is cer? tainly very natural to associate a bish? opric with a comfortable salary, and some of the English bishops are decidedly well remunerated. But there are bishops and bishops; home bishops and bishops colonial, and it | would appear that a colonial bishop's I position may be one far from easy as far as work and anxiety are concerned, and little removed from a pauper's lot in financial matters. Thus one of England's colonial bishops writes from his field of labor in Africa in the fol? lowing 3ad strains : 'Glad,- from sheer necessity, to re? ceive from friends, and even strangers, gifts of clothing for my children ; al? ways anxious how to meet the expen? ses of travelling and postage. Weary of the heart-sickness, and loss of spiritual power, this constant anxiety involves. 'The income of the bishop will not feed his family. . . . The incomes of the clergy, save the younger men, are barely sufficient to allow them food, make clothing a constant source of anxiety, and never give them a sbill iog to spare. . . . Children are stinted even in bread-and-milk. 'I have had to borrow to pay the sti? pends of last quraiar, and have seven? ty-five pounds wherewith to meet those just falling due, amounting to ?450. I am simply living from hand to mouth on the sale of things in a box received from England. There is no money in the place, and offertories are falling week by. week. Tbe prospect before me is insolvency, personal and episco? pal, aod then where to get bread I I know uot. I have from simple neces? sity, offered roy wagon for sale. 41 ara very anxious to attend the Provincial Synod ; but I have not enough to pay my clergy their stipends, or even to leave at home for weekly re? quirements. Unless I can sell something 1 cannot go. It did break me down on Saturday.to send my wagon to the sale to meet Christmas bills, and that after four year's work, which, I fbiuk, will not unfavorably compare for trial, labor, and anxiety with tbose of any of the colonial bishops. But God's will be dene ! 'Though he slay me, yet I will trust in bim.' ' Between an archbishopric with ?75, 000 a year and a colonial bisphopric with such poverty there is too wide a difference, and the rieh Church of England should seek to bridge it. Watermelon Culture. Mr. G. V. Young, of Waverly, Miss., has this to say in the Planter's Journal about watermelons and the best mode of cultivating them for market : If the market is easily reached and the transportation good, I can recommend a kind which has superseded all other varieties wherev? er introduced. Now a good market variety is not always the best melon, and the best melon is not the best market variety. The dealers like a large and showy melon, and the mass? es take to them as kindly as they do to the splendid and showy strawberry -Wilson's Albany. The Rattlesnake is a standard kind, and ranks high as a market variety, but the 'Cuban * Queen,' a new importation, by Alter, Burper & Co., of Philadelphia, is es? teemed by many as the melon of the future I shall try this melon this year as my friends are so loud in its praise, and should it prove as good with me, shall then try a cross on the 'Johnson's.' I cultivated the Willis and Rattlesnake varieties for a num? ber of years, and believed they didn't have a superior. Finally Major David Hubbard, of Point Coupee parish, sent rae the 'Johnston.' Since then I h*ave discarded all others. This melon is known in the Mobile market as the 'Crawford,' and in other sec- ' tiori8 as the 'Wade Hampton.' It is reported that this melon has been kept pure in the Hampton family for over fifty years, and as the melons are always alike in color and flavor, the report must me true. As to the best mode of planting, the plan sug? gested in the Journal is a good one ; this is the way I planted for a number of years, with a few corn cobs in the bottom of the holes to . keep the soil moist in a dry year. The plan now followed is to broadcast my ma? nure and incoiporate a little cow-pen manure in each hill, which prevents the soil from baking, and insures a good stand. I ara going to give a little more distance this year, say twelve feet each way. I hope this, in addition to what has already been written, will enable E. C. to make a j choice of melons and a plan to work by. - -. ? mmm - No Type-Writing for Him. The Antophone Company conduct all of their correspondence by means of a type-writer. The company had occa? sion to send four or five letters to an i agent way out in Winconsin, a?d they were amused a few days ago to receive ! one from him, closing with these words : 'You needn't print any more letters that you send me, for I waot you to j understand that * eau read writing.' thaca Journal. That Bad Boy 'Well, how is the baby,' asked the grocery man of the bad boy, as he came into the grocery smelling very 'horsey" and sat down on a chair with the back gone, and looked very tired. '0, darn the baby. Everybody asks me about the baby as though it was mine. I don't pay no attention to the darn thing, except to notice the foolishness going on around the house. Say, I guess that baby will grow up to be a fire engine. The nurse coupled the baby on to a sec? tion of rubber hose that run down in? to a bottle of milk, and it began to get up steam and pretty soon the milk began to disappear, just like water does when a fire engine cou? ples on to a hydrant. Pa calls tbe baby 'Old Number Two." I am 'Number One/ and if pa had a hook and ladder truck and a horse cart, and afire going he would imagine he was chief engineer of the fire department. But the baby kicks on this milk wagon milk, and howls like a dog that's got lost. The doctor told pa the best thing he could do was to get a goat, but pa said since we 'nishiated him into the Masons with the goat be wouldn't have a goat around no how. The doc told pa the other kind of a goat, I think it was a Samantha goat he said, wouldn't kick with its head, and pa sent me up in to the Polack settlement to see if I could not borrow a milk goat for a few weeks. ? got a woman to leDd us ber goat till the baby got big enough to chew beef, for a dollar a week, and paid a dollar in advance, and pa went up in the evening to help me get the goat. Well, it was the darndest mis? take you ever see. There was two goats so near alike you couldn't tell which was the goat we leased, and the other goat was the chum of our goat, but it belonged to a Nirish woman. We got a bed cord hitched around the Irish goat, and that goat didn't recognize the lease, and when we tried to jerk it along it rared right up j and made things real quick for pa. I don't know what there is about a j goat that makes him get so spunky, j but that goat seemed to have a grudge ! against pa from the first. If there i were any places on pa's manly form j that the goat did not explore with his ! head, pa don't know where the places ! are. 0, it lammed him, and when 11 laffed pa got mad. I told him every j man ought to furnish his own goats j when he had a baby, and I let go cf j the rope and started off, and pa said j he knew how it was, I wanted him to get killed. It wasn't that, but I saw ! the Irish woman that owned the goat j coming around the corner of the j house with a cistern pole. Just as j pa was getting the goat out of thc \ gate the goat got crosswa}'S of the > gate, and pa yanked and doubled the ? goat right up, and I thought he had broke the goat's neck, and thc woman I thought so too, for she jabbed pa with j the cistern pole just below the belt, ? and she tried to get a hold on pa's j hair, but he had her lhere. No wo- j man can get the advantage of pa that j way 'cause ma has tried it. Well, pa j explained it to the woman, and she ? let pa off if he would pay her two | dollars for damages to her goat, and ? he paid it, and then we took the nan- j ny goat, and it went right along with ? us. Bat I have got my opinion of a i baby that will drink goat's milk, j Gosh, it is like this stuff that comes in j a spoiled cocoanut. The baby hasn't j doue anything but blat since the j nurse coupled it onto the goat hy? drant. I had to take all my play-1 things out of the basement to keep the goat from eating them. I guess the milk will taste of powder and singed hair now. The goat got to eating some Roman candles me roe and my chum had laid away in the j co .1 bin, and chewed them around the furnace, and the powder leaked out, and a coal fell out of the furnace on the hearth, and you'd a dide to see pa and the hired girl and the goat. You see pa can't milk nothing but a milk wagon, and he got the hired girl to milk the goat, and they were just hunting around the basement for j the goat, with a tin cup. when the j fire-works went off*. Well, there was j balls of green, and red, and blue fire, j and spilled powder blazed up, and the j goat just looked astonished, and looked on as though it was sorry so much good fodder was spoiled, but when its hair began to burn, the goat gave one snort and went between pa and the hired girl like it was shot out of a cannon, and it knocked pa over a wash boiler into the coal bin, and the j hired girl in amongst the kindling j wood, and she crossed herself and repeated the catekism and the goat jumped up on top of the furnace, and j they couldn't get it down. I heard! the celebration and went down and j took pa by the pants and pulled him J out of the coal bin, and he said he'd j surrender and plead guilty of being ! the biggest fool in Milwaukee. I j pulled the kindling wood off the hired j girl, and then she got mad, and said j she would milk that goat or die. O, i that hired girl has got sand. She j used to work in the glass factory i Well, sir, it was a sight worth two ? shillings admission, to soe that hired ! girl get upon a stop ladder to milk ! that goat, on top of the furnace, with j pa sitting on a barrel of potatoes ; bossing tho joh. They are going to ! fix a gangplank to got th<> goat down ; off the furnace. The baby kicked on : the milk last, night. 1 guess besides tasting of powder and burnt hair, tho milk was too warm on account of the j furnace ; Pa has got to grow a new j lot of hair on that goat, or the woman : won't take it back. She don't want no bald goat. Well, they can run j the baby and goat to suit themselves, : 'cause I have resigned. I have gone i into business. Don't you smell any-! thing that would lead yon to surmise that I had gone into business ? No drug store this time and tho boy got j up and put his thumbs in the armholes j of his vest and looked proud. '0, I don't know as I smell any- : thing, except the faint odor of a horse blanket. What you gone into, any- ; way," and the grocery man Iput the ; wrapping paper under the - counter, ! and put the red chalk in his pocket, so the boy couldn't write any sign to hang up outside. 'You hit it the first time. 1 have accepted a situation as teller in a livery stable,* said the boy as he searched around for the barrel of cut sugar, which had been removed. .Teller in a livery stable ! Well, that is a new one on me. What is a teller in a livery stable V and tho grocery man looked pleased and pointed the boy to a barrel of seven cent sugar. 'Don't you know what a teller is in a livery stable ? It is the 6ame as a teller in a bank. I have to grease the harness, oil the buggies and curry off the horses, and when a man comes in to hire ahorse I have to go down to the saloon and tell the livery man. That's what a teller is. I like the teller part of it, but greasing harness is a little too rich for my blood, but the livery man says if I stick to it I will be governor some day, 'cause all great men have begun life taking care of horses. It all depends on my girl whether I stick to it or not. If she likes the smell of horses I shall be a statesman, but if she objects to it, and sticks up her nose, I shall not yearn to be governor, at the expense of my girl. It beats all, don't it, that wira men settle every great question. Everybody does everything to please women, and if they kick on anything that settles it. But I must go and umpire that game between pa aud the hired girl and the goat. Say, can you come over and see the baby ? .Taint bigger than a small satchel,' and the boy waited till the grocery man went to draw some vinegar when he slipped out and put up a sign written on a shingle with white chalk, 'Yellow sand wanted for maple sugar." - i mt m^mmmm [From the Darlington New?.] Economy in Manures. CONTINUED. In my former articles I have at? tempted to show ihe cheapest and best sources of the supply of nitrogen to the soil, if we have to supply it by application ot manures. Let us con? sider the question whether lhere is not a sufficient supply naturally, and all that we have to do to produce fertility in all soils is to supply the inorganic elements, so essential to plant growth. I may lay it down as an axiom es? tablished by practical experiment, that the great defect in all our soils is the want of a sufficient quantity of inorganic matter, and that the dif? ference in their productive capacity arises solely from that cause, that rich river lands apart from their me? chanical texture, differ from the poor pine soils only in this defect ; that it is only necessary to supply these in? organic elemeiit8 to convert poor' sand into n'ch loam, and that the poor-, est worn out old field, if treated with an abundant supply of potash and phosphate, and left to the action of nature, (or if nature's operations are fac? Mated by a pea crop turned in) will m a short time collect a sufficient supply of inorganic matter to make full crops of cotton or grain. I say it is an established fact, because I have in my eye, in various parts of our county, lands that have been treated only with these two elements, in which their produce have been in? creased three, four, and in some in? stances ten fold. This may not be in accordance with the teachings of agri? cultural chemistry, but it is the re? sult of practical experiments. The recent articles on this subject taken from the Country Gentleman, (and re-published in this paper, be? cause they agree with my own opin? ions and establish what I have as? serted) gu to show the same result produced in Maryland in the produc? tion of grain in which nitrogen is more essential than in our cotton crop. If this be so, the question then is whence comes this organic matter ol our crops ? is it in the soil or in the air ? Is there an undeveloped store house of it in the earth or in the air which needs the hands of man to unlock and pour out its fertilizing matter on our crops, or will nature, unassisted, do that for us? It strikes me that work is one of the prime ob? jects of our creation-that material, mental and spiritual progress depend upon it, and that in this instatice it was intended that man should assist nature in developing itself. The whole operation of nature now is that of reproduction. Creation was finished when God saw the earth that it was good. Not one new breath of air has been creufed since the six days of Genesis. The same elements which now enter into composition of vegetable and animal life have exist? ed for thousands of years and will continue to exist until time shall be no more, now in one form now in another, now vegetable, now animal indestructible except by the hand that creates them. Yet they may be locked up in the bowels of the earth, or in the mighty deep, awaiting the hand of man to develop them and ap? ply them to new forms of vegetation. As I said be fe re, the whole process of nature is reproduction. The gen? eration of to-day is living upon that j of yesterday, and upon the ashes of ! one rises the life of the other. It may not be a very comfortable thought, but it is true, nevertheless, that our bodies, on which we so pride ourselves, were but yesterday, and may be to-morrow, as the meanest j beast that perislietb. Tho earth, the air, the sea is full of i nitrogen. Every plant and animal has its sitare of it, every application' then of vegetable or animal decompo? sition returns to the earth that which j it takes from it. But if deeoraposi- j tiun takes place above ground its ele? ments are scattered in the air to await the slow process of being brought | back again 03' the seasons and rain j All vegetable decomposition gives! fertility to soils, but whether it will ' pay to haul in pine straw, or to grow ? broom-sage for the nitrogen they con-1 tain, is rather a doubtful point. It certainly behooves us to try and find out some cheaper process of making poor land rich than this, and I now beg to draw your attentiou to it. As I said before the earth is full < nitrogen bat most of it is in adormat state, that ia, not available for veg< ? tation. Certain processes, either c nature or man are necessary to pr< duce that peculiar condition of th soil, called by the scientists 'nitrif cation/ by which its nitrogen i placed in a state to be taken up by tb plant. Certain crops have this effec -shade produces it-and the applicz tion of mineral matter. Protection of the soil from the ac tion of the sun by a dense shade an at the same time with nothing grow ing on it to take out its fertility, mat ter would in a short time produc fertility. Pine straw hauled upoi land deep enough to prevent vegeta tion upon it and suffered to lie ther would by this peculiar process of ni trification make it rich, but the prc cess is not only too costly but it i impracticable except on a small scale The pea crop fills two conditions o nitrification. It has the peculiar pro perty of collecting and developing ni trogen in its growth and at the sam* time produce a dense shade to assis in the procees of nitrification. Th< ? pea crop is without doubt the bes and Ithink maybe made the cheapes ! process of nitrification of, and conse quent fertility in our soils, and I be j lieve if there was a law by which ou farmers could be compelled to plan half of the present cotton area ii peas, manured with kainit and float. to be ploughed in, we should in tex years make more cotton on the liai: area than we now do on the whole and have more time for making supplies of corn and bacon. Nitrification of the soil may be pro duced also by the application of mine ral matter to it. Of these lime is per haps the best, but as it enters ver} slightly into the composition of plant? and costs the farmers a great deal oj j money its application for the sole pur i pose of nitrification is a very doublfu one. I would not advise the use of ii unless we can get it a great deal cheapei than we now do. Other mineral mat ter seems also to have the same pro perty, but in a modified degree II they have it at all and at the same time are essential to, and enter largely inte the composition of plants, then it is better to use them. Kainit and phos phate of lime both, have both of thes? properties. They are absolutely es 8ential to vegetation and have also ir a slight degree the property of nitri fvingthe soil. They are therefore the cheapest and best mineral agents that we can use for that purpose. Kainit, a natural salt, is valuable only for the potash it contains. It is ? good deaf adulterated now and is very different from what it was when 1 first used it, but if potash is worth 4 cents a pound for growing cotton, we don't lose money in buying it at the present price. Phosphate of lime we get in the Charleston rock, reliable for the phosphoric acid, which is another essential to vegetation, and the lime with which it is combined. I have written a good deal on the use of Charleston rock in the shape of floats instead of acid phosphate. The acid phosphate is floats treated with sulphuric acid to render the phosphate soluble in water. I have recommended the use of floats on the ground that we get nearly twice as much phosphoric acid in it as in the acid for the same or less money. That though not soluble in water and not immediately available, yet by the action of the atmosphere and the gas? tric juice of the plant, it becomes avail? able before the seed time of the crop, and therefore more valuable in that respect. I have been using kainit and floats mixed together in equal quantities, and suffered to lie for several months before use. I was so much impressed with the beneficial effects nf this com? pound that I wrote to Prof. Sheppard to know if some chemical action did not take place between them-if the f suphuric acid of the kainit did not have a greater affinity for lime than for potash and did not leave the latter and combine with the former and I thereby liberate the phosphoric acid. His answer was that he did not think my theory probable but that undoubtedly good effect resulted from the combination. [To he Continued.} The Editor. Wonderful man ? He is supposed to be posted on every scandal going the rounds, have a thorough insight into every man's business, and to be the axle upon which the affairs of a town and county revolve. Ho is expected to fill up the local department of his paper every week with news that will take the fancy of selfish, interest the young and entertain the old, whether he has material to work on or not. He must 611 up his paper, and if lo attain that end he resorts to bis overburdened im? agination he hears the chilly tones of public sentiment denouncing his paper as unreliable. If he adopts the noble resolution of George Washington not to t?ll a lie, and finds himself io order to carry out his determination, compelled to expose the disgraceful conduct of some one, visions of pepper box pistols disturb his dreams and make his inno? cent couch a hoi). If bis veracity has been educated up to a puritanic basis, he must possess the shrewd? ness to tell the truth in some cases in such a round-about way that his readers can never discover it. or he will deem himself a fool for not taking Horace Greeley's advice and cone West. Occasionally he is presented with a ci/rar innocent of tobacco, but warranted to burn and smell bad, and after he is through puffing the cigar j he is expected to give a five dollar puff to the establishment from whence it came. To be popular, he must refer to Mrs. So-and-So as being extremely youthful in appearance when her looks j would indicate her to be an elder sister i of Mary who had a little lamb, and that Miss So-a?d-S'>'s dancing is perfectly lovely, when the terpsichorean efforts of a Chinee on stilts would be more grace? ful. Thus it is with the local editor. Week after week he grapples with fate and kisses adversity, straining his con? science and racking his brain to dish up something that will satisfy the local news palet of his readers. , Mackey on Melton. Ex-Judge Mackey, who is now liv? ing in Washington, has been in Colum? bia for several days. He was inter? viewed by a reporter for the Register and gave his views at length about i the political prosecutions iu South I Carolina He said : 'It is true that I have stated that i counsel from the North have been appointed to assist in the prosecution I of the election cases in this State upon I the written request of District At- ? torney Melton. I have understood j that the district attorney has denied i this, and I therefore state the facts, j In a conversation that I had with At- ! torney-General Brewster in December j last I expressed the opinion that the ! appointment of such counsel was in the highest degree impolitic, as calcu? lated to repel every native white Democratic juror from an impartial i consideration of the evidence, in a ? state which had suffered grievously from the rule of thc stranger, and where such counsel, whatever their individual or professional merits, would be stamped at once by public opinion as the Hessians of the bar. 'Mr. Brewster then informed me that upon the personal and written request of District Attorney Melton he had assigned Northern counsel, gentlemen learned in the law, to as? sist him in the prosecution of the election cases. That Judge Melton dated that he deemed it essential that he should bc assisted by addi? tional counsel in the prosecution, and that such was the deepest prejudice j and bitter hostility of the community at large agaiust any effort on the part of the Government to punish these election frauds, that no member of the j bar of'nny eminence in his profession in this ?tate would accept a retainer! from the Government in such cases, as to do so would doom him to social os? tracism. Hence the appoiutment of Mr. Saunders, of Philadelphia, and j others, gentlemen of great personal worth and of high standing in the j profession. He stated that he ap-1 pointed Mr. Saunders, a Democrat, upon the suggestion of Judge Melton I that a Democratic lawver should be selected to assist him, as more likely ! to impress favorably the Democrats on the jury. I remarked that, in my opinion, it would have just the oppo? site effect-just as if during the war a flag of truce had been sent into a Confederate camp in the hands of a deserter from the Confederate army. 'In a subsequent con versal ion with the attorney-general in 'thc early part of last month I informed him that I had repeated to many persons in South Carolina what he had stated to rae formerly upon this subject, and he expressed his gratification that I had done so, and stated that Judge Mel? ton had recently written to him re? questing that he would assign an elo? quent a? -cate from the North to as? sist him-an able lawyer who would be strong before a jury. 'The attorney-general, who I know is worthy to be compared with Eldon or Erskine in his profession, and disdains the character and arts of the politician, disclaimed all political feeling in the exercise of any of his official powers in reference to these election cases. 'As instancing his freedom from political prejudice, he stated that last year he had urged the appointment of Gen. James Cbesnut, a South Caro? lina Democrat, as a member of the Tai iff Commission, and that President Arthur and Secretary Folger sup? ported him., earnestly for such ap? pointment in Cabinet meeting, but the majority of the Cabinet decided in favor of a gentleman from Georgia, who was urged by the Georgia dele? gation in Congress, to represent the Cotton States on that Commission. He stated that during the contest to select a commissioner from the Cotton States he succeeded in defeating several who were urged for the ap? pointment, and the President would say occasionally,'We had better go I back to Brewster's Cbesnut and take it out of the fire.* ne referred to I Gen. Chesnut and Governor J. L. ! Manning as men of the loftiest type, to whom he was deeply attached, and stated that he thought Manning the most loveable character whom he had ever known in his wide experience among men. They were his class- J mates at Princeton. 'T?ie attorney-general referred to j Senator Butler's very harsh and un- ? warranted attack upon him in connec tion with these election cases, and i stated that if he possessed the high I qualities of true manhood that his j friends attribute to him, no doubt I justly, he would live to regret it. 'My own opinion is that Senator ! Butler would find a more vulnerable j target for his heavy guns iu District i Attorney Melton, whose appointment! was mainly due to the Senator's earn- j est efforts in his behalf, who doubt- j less thought him the best available j man among the Republican competi- ; tors for the position. 'As to Judge Will lard's recent ap- ; pointment as one of Melton's assis- j tauts in election cases, I think it per- j fectly absurd, for Willard is no crimi? nal lawyer, and is nervous and j cranky in the highest degree. Ile ! will be unhorsed by the slightest ! touch of Johh C. Haskell's knightly j lance, who appears as the leading counsel for the defence. Of course I think that any citizen of South Caro? lina who is proved hy clear legal evi? dence to have violated the election j laws of thc United States should be duly convicted and punished. 1 be? lieve that such convictions can be had before a jury composed entirely of respectable white Democrats, as was the case before mc when such a jury rendered verdicts against John Benfield and other members of the Kuklux Klans in 1873, when I was upon the Circuit Bench in this State, in York County." -- -i- -??? A very old lady on her death bed, in penitential mood, said : 'I have been a great sinner more than eighty years, and didn't know it." Au old colored wo? man, who had lived with her a long time. exclaimed, 'Laws, I knowed it all the time.* The New Czar. Alexander III was crowned tizar of I Kassia on Sunday morniog, May 27th ? without any accident or interfercnce from the Nihilists, who bare been boast? ing of their d?termination to assassinate him on this occasion. The arrange-: men ts for the coronation were the grandest that have ever been made for any monarch in ascending a throne, and the ceremonies of the day were impo? sing beyond description. But ia the midst of all this power, and splendor,, and grandeur, Alexander trembled in dread of the unseen ha jd which had carried death to his father, and sworn, the same to him. The uttermost pre? cautions for his safety were observed, emphasizing the truth of ;:he words 'un* easy rests the head that wears a crown.*" The new Czar is a man of considerable ability, and possesses unbounded hospi? tality among his followers. If let alone, there is every indication that be wilt correct many of the evixs complained of, and give to his people the best government they have bad for years. Alexander Aiexandros?evitch is one of the sovereigns upon whom greatness bas been thrust perforce. Without talent or liking for the li fe 14 an auto? cratic ruler, and above all without any keen motive for confronting the conspi? racies with which Russian soc?0t^~M rife, he ba> ?eo a mau to be pitied rather than to be envied. Like all the Romanoffs, he is tall, deep chested and broad shouldered, aod of as handsome and striking an ap? pearance as should be the son of Alex? ander and the grand son of Nicholas, the handsomest man in Europe of his time. lb figure and general style, the Em-' peror recalls the German blood of tba* maternal Hoc, and he bas the light gray eyes of his mother's family, rather than the blue black orbs of Peter the Great, Alexander I, Paul, and to many other I sovereigns of the strain oi Romanoff j His best feature is bis mouth, which is email, and furnished with exceed? ingly handsome teeth ; be has a very fair complexion and auburn hair. In dress, while be is scrupulously correct" at the capital and upon state oc? casions, he is inclined toward what might almost be described as a Bohe? mian laxitude, having in particular a dislike for gloves and jewelry. He has served in the field against the Turks, and carries two graze-wounds as reminders of bis service, i Scandal, which bas never bad any i excuse for neglect of a Romanoff Prince, j has found no breach in the reputation ?jf the present Czar, whose life seems to have been bound up in the society of his wife and their children. His wife, the handsome Princess ! Dagmar of Denmark, sister of the fatnre Queen of England, came to bim some? what as his crown. She was the be? trothed of his cider brother, who on his dying bed besought his successor to make good the youog girl's ambitions dreams. i ! A St. Petersburg letter to the Lon? don Daily NeicSy before the corona ! tion took place, says : The Coronation j of the Czar, Alexander UL, will, it is j thought, be the grandest and most magnificent ceremony of this kind of the present ceutury. The Russian government is spending millions for the preparations, and the rich nobility, i patricians and merchants of 'white j stoned Moscow' are vieing with each ! other to give the majesty a brilliant re j ception. Besides tue festivities in the ; Kremlin, the great fetes for the people ! will be one of the most interesting j parts of the coronation programme. ! The enormous Chodynski Plains, where j they are to come off, are now the scene of the most busy preparations. Booths, tents, barracks, and all other compo? nents of a great Russian fair are being erected, with stands for the spectators* ? and an imperial pavilion opposite to the ; Petroffsky palace, from which the. Czar j and the court eau survey the entire j field and tbe populace at their amuse j men ts. It is believed that at least ?400,000 persons will be present, j Drink and food for the people will bo. I distributed from 120 decorated railway baggage cars, transformed into tempo? rary bars aud drawn up in one long row. Every guest receives an earthen ware jug, stamped with 'He imperial eagle and the date of the coronation, with which he eau call for his beer and mead. The MAsslonnikcff factory at Moscow has furnished 400,000 of these jugs in different sizes and colors. Furthermore, every person receive? two meat pies, candies, dried fruits and cakes. Of the four huge theatres which are being erected for the free perform? ances, two will be devoted to dramatic representations, one of which consist* of an allegory, showing tbs triumph ot Spring with symbolic allusions to the coronation. At the other two theatre? parts of Russian legends, especially from the ancient St. Vladimir series* will He performed for the edification of thc mouchicks. At the samo time twelve combined military bands, with twelve singing companies, will perform concerts in the open air. Tke circus proprietor, Salamonsky, is also having an enormous hippodrome erect? ed, where free performances will take place at the crown's expense. Besides this people's festival, an entirely separate fete will bc given to the Guard regiments assembled at Moscow. This will take place in the Sonolinky park, some four versts from the city. In the circular square at thc entrance to the park, from which six roads and boulevards radiate in different direc? tions, a rotunda is being built capable of holding 3,000 persons, besides a sep? arate saloon for the court. From this central poi ot long open galleries witt spread out in fan-shape, where the tables for 10,000 men will be placed in the shade of the great pine trees For three nights this part of tbe park will be illuminated with roany colored aod shaped lamps and paper lanters, which in the darkness of the forest will affor?k a fairy-like spectacle. The May frost in Greenville itlle<i the cotton on water courses, slightly burt upland and damaged potatoes Sk little, bat watermelons are gone mpN Reports from many parts of tho State indicate a scarcity of wateripekfift season.