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Some Aspe Farm? { Br BERNAJU I | BUprinted front The whole rami world it In a fermeat of trnreet, tad there It an anparalleled relnme and intensity of de^ Hff ternined, If not angry, protest, and an W otulnotu twanaiaf ot acevpatlonal con ^ - 11 ? I Ml 1 TQT6QCQ8, lKCreK {TOiyup^ pwuw movement* iM propsganda. 8nch a tnrmofl etuMt but arrent Mr attention. Indeed, It demands Mr careful atndy and examination. It la net likely that six million aloof and ruggedly independent men bare eaaia together aod banded themselves Into active aniens, societies, farm bureaus, and so forth, for no sufficient canM. Drveotigatiea of tbo shbjeet osaetoaive'y proves that, while there la mwh overetateaaent of grievances and ate^eneeptiM af remedies, the farmer* ^ are right In complaining af wrenga loot; endured, and right la holding that it la feasible to roll ere their Ills with , henedt to the rest sf the cemmaaitp. Tbia being (he ease sf an tndantiy that cMtrfbwtaa, In the raw matarlal tea tee, ahead one-third af the national aanwel wealth predeettea and is the weans of livelihood sf sheet 40 tar teat ?f the populatien, It ia ehvions that fee subject is ene et grave ooacem. flfet anly ia the fa no era Cfke ^ euetalf af fee nation, bat tie wefl-betng of Ike etker half d*> laf lipoid**. f fa loag aa we have nations, a wiaa poNtdal Bcaaaaar wttl aim at a targe decree of aatlaaal self-sufficiency aai self-eoetainaaent Rome (ell when tka * food supply was too far removed from tka belly. Like her, we ahall destref otfr awe agriculture a fid extend aai sources of food distaatly aad precariously, if we do sot see te K tkat aaa farmers are well and fairly paid far Ihelr services The farm gives the action Qien as well aa food. Gitlaa uerive their vitality aad are (erevar renewed the country, kat aa Inn poverlshed countryside exports Intelligence and retains anlnteliigeace. Wnly the lower grades of mentality and character will remain on, or seek, t the farm, unless agriculture Is capable of being pursued with contentment and r adequate compensation. Hence, to embitter and impoverish tka farmer la ta dry sp aad contaminate the vital purees of the nation. Hid war showed convincingly bear dependent the nation la an tka fall . prodactlvlty af the farms. Despite herculean effort a, agricultural production kqrt anly a few weeks or aooatka ahead of caaaamptloa, and that anly hp Jncreaatag the acreage af certain staple crops at the cast af reducing that af others We enght net ta farget that lessen when we pander in i^w w cvvt x B>tf v? omamm in rtlw?? and thaaa Mi be ae attea^t t# deal wit* Am aa K th?r war* pereiy sdfleh jwiifli f i d?tr-o?t pM|> aalaflOa to Ito reat af the community. Rather shoal d we consider sgrleultare fa the hgfct ef bread aatteaai policy. Jaat aa we eeaetder ell, eeal, steel, dyetonftt, ae forth, aa aiaewa af aaMcoM! strength. Oar growing iiprtiMob m4 a Mghar standard ad Using deaaaad Increasing feed sopptlca, and bmcw wmI, eettoe, bldee, and Mm reat Wfth the disappearance ef free er cheap fertile lead, additional temp and lacreeeed yields eaa eoaae oblIj freM eeetiy Mfert. This wa aead hat expect flreaa aa impoverished er mfc&ppp rare! popslatioa. It w4R aet d? t.. rake a aarrew ataw Btflfcsf the rend dl?<??nteat, ar te appraise h ftM the stnndpeiat ef yeeterdaj TWa ia pecnHarly aa age ef flex aad change aad aew deals. Ba eaaaa i thing always has heea aa aa leaps* means that It Is rlghteoas, er shrayi shaft he ? Mere, perhaps, thaa erei before, there ia a widespread fsailaj jd- that att haMaa ralatleaa caa ha ha *' prosed hy takiag thought, sad that ti is not keceailng for the reasoning sal mal te lease his festlny largely U chance and aataral Incidence. Predent aad orderly a dj set meat ? prodaetiea aad dtetrtbatlea la aeeertf ance with coasmapdon ia recogalafc! as wise aiaaagemeot ia esary haafadti - - W-. ? bat tHat <K rarmiaf. iwi, * to say, there is a# ether ladustry b which it is so iwpertaat te the pnb lie?te the ?Ity-dweilar?that prodaC tion sheald he sore, steady, and ID cr aaiag, aad that dletrlbotlea ah?ul( be la prepertiea te the seed. The un ergaalaed farmers aaterally act hJlnd ly and Impolaively aid, ta eease flueace, eurfaft and dearth, accempa ated hp dlsceacertlBg psioe-varlatlens harass the esaeamer. Oae year pota toee ret In the letda heceaae ef ereea predactisa. tad there le a seardty e the thia,ra thet have heea displace to make way fer the azpaaelea of th potat# aoreafe; a eat year the paaiati ed fares eta maaa Ihalr Cents ea earn other map, aad petateee eater th data ed Hmvrtea; aad ea ea. A?rlcalt?re la the greateet aad fia i&meaUtty the meet hapertaat ef ea . Aaiertcaa tadasMee. The dtiee ar P bat the hvaachee ed the tree ef as deaal Hde. the reeta ed which ye deer iy late the lead. We all flenrlab a dedLtpe with the farmer. Be, when w ef the dtiee read *f the present rrr -4 veraet diatreee ef he fa raters, of alrnma ef aix hlttie dallers la ih? Ni row ef their an la a siagle yea - " - v ' V. cts of the rs9 Problems D M. BARUCH Atlantic Monthly) ef their inability M n,?>et mortgages or te t>ay current bllla, and how, seeking relief fren their IH*. they are planning to form pools, inaugurate farmers' strikes, and demand legislation abolishing grain exchanges, private cattle markets, and the like, we ought not hastily te irand them aa economic heretics and highwaymen, and hurl at them the eharge of being seekers tt special privilege. Rather, we shenM ask If their trouble Is not oars, and see what can be done to improve the sltaatiou. Purely from self-Interest, If fer so higher motive, we should help them. AO of us want he get beck permanently te "normalcy f hut la It reasonable te hope fer that condition uh\ees oar greatest and meet healc Industry cua be pot oa a send and eetid peraiaasat MuattiMr xwe am But MMMtW te special prtrllece#; but are Umjj set right la deaMidtaf that they ha placed aa aa efsal faottm? with tha hayers ef their prodacti aad with athar ladaatriea? Let aa, thea, oaalto aaaae at tha tamer's grleraaoes, tad aaa haw far they are real. & dstag aa, we dkoald raaaambar that, while there hare bees, aad ftiK are, laataacee at f pssefnl abase, the saijn I sheold set be *pfreached wMh any geaeral taapatattea la axlstiaf iiatributlra aseadea at deliberately bataatlaual eppreartea, bat rathar with tftt oaacaptlaa that the marketing at lara predactp has aot hasa siisalwt, Aa aacisat aril, aad a perstateat aaa, is tha ?ad*rfradln< at farm products, with tha raaalt *that what tha farmers sell as ef sas soaiity la re eld as W a hlf bar, That this sort at chicaaery shoeld persist sa say impart ant scale la these days at host new integrity would seem almost incredibly but there ie much evidence that It dees ao persist Bven as I write, the newspapers announce the suspension of several Arms from the New York Produce Exchange for exporting to Germany as No. 2 wheat a whole shipload of grossly Inferior wheat 1 mixed with oats, chaff and the like. j Another aril Is that of. Inaccurate j weighing ef farm products, which. It j is charged, la sometimes a matter of j dishonest Intention and sometimes of ; protective policy en the part of the j Teen! buyer, who fears that ha may "weigh out** mare than he "weighs In." greater grievance Is tbnt st present the fteW farmer has little or no j control ever the time and coo Alt! ens ; of marketing his products, with the j reenlt tint be |s often underpaid far | Ms products sad asuatty ever charged i tar marketing service. The dtffern tnas bat want whnt the farmer re catvaa and what tha rsanaaiw page often exceeds aM peaathiHty ef Janti1 Acs ties. Te cite s tingie tllnstratlen. Last year, aaaardiag to tgnrea attoat- ! ad by (ho railway# and tha growers. Caasfila iHWMM raisers recarrea , as tha a vermes 7.6 casts far a bmAos, i the raflroeda fat 12.7 casts fir carry | lac It la Baltimore asd the ceasamer , paid asa dollar, loavlsc 79.8 casta far 1 tho aarrtaa af markatiae asd Ms risks. as acaisst Ml casaa far growtac asd ' traaspsitfc The Sard asnaia ad flarm-ltfe ara papist with aach cam , . maatarlaa aa the erodes ess ad praa , i ast practices. Nature prescribes that tha farmer'! j I "faoat" sust ha taUhad wtthls two , 1 ar thraa meathe af Ifca year, while < ' financial asd at?ra#a Hailt art asa cm- ; > arally caaapal him ta aed them at tha ' aasia tisM. As a rale, athar Isdastriaa 1 ar* Is a continuous prwcesa mt ftalah lac coeds for tha ii;arkata; Mi ay dl> ' tribute as they produce, asd thay can curtail prednctlea wlthast taa crest | > lajnry ta thamsalraa ar tha cemain- j aity; hat If tha farmer restricts his I out pat, K Is with disastrous ceoseqaaacea, hath ta hlmKeif aad to the I community. 1 The aTeracs termer la hasp with - praduetlaa far tha tftajar part ad tha > yaar, asd haa netblaj ta aatl. Tha - hsik ad Ms sstpat cornea oa the mar hat at esse. Becaase ad lack ad atar - ace feellttias asd af financial support. 1 tha farmer cannot carry hla cseds thrsoch the year aftd dispose ad team - aa thay ara earrastly seeded. Is tha k treat majority af eaaaa, farmer* hart ta astrsat sterace?la war eh eases asd >. eJwretors?aad the fisaacial aaiiyist ef their prodsala te ethers 8 farm prates sis are feseraMy mart rated at a thsa whaa there is a ess J test 1m ef beth fratfpertatlen and e HiUN-?t? cars U4l staif are i- searm aaUesa, la at?r te ? stances, Is tbat the fanners mat aatj e mH trader praasarO, aad therefore at a dUadraataga, bnt are ceatpetled t? i- take farther redactions la act retarns, T la ardar ta ?aet tie charges for fee e terrlce *f staring, transporting, (Inane i lag. aad aWiaate Marketing?which > charges they claim, are often ezees ,r ?lre, bear heavily oa beth consuue; p tad predaeer. aad are ander the canI trel *f thee# perf*Mi?g the service* " It it traa that tkfv are relieved of ' the risks ef a changing market by r. aetttag at ease; bat they are aaita wiU / - ^ /- \. V;. . > f.' , ; ?| to nM DM rtfawarafiedumch If the favorable im alee la thetra tad the* mi retain far themselves a pal f the service charges tlaar ara anlform. la c?M years and bad. with high prices a ad law. While, la tfca asala, tba farasar naaat all. racardlasa of market conditions, at ths time of tba maturity af crops, ha casBot suspond production la tato. Ha must go aa producing if ha la ta go aa Hviag, ?nd If tba world la ta exist. The asaat ha can da la ta curtail pro taction a little or alter Its farm, and that?because be Is in the dark aa to the probable demand for bis goods? may be saly ta Jump from frying paa Inta the Are, taking tba consumer with him. Bvm the dairy farmers, whose eatput Is Bet seasonal, complain that they tad themselves at a disadvantage la the marketing of their productions, especially raw milk, because of the high casta af distribution, which they must ultimately bear. in Now that the farmers are stirring. hlnklns. and uniting as never before ?o ertidirate these Inequalities, they ire subjected to stern economic lec1 ores, and are met with the accusation 'Imt they are demanding, and are the erlpirqf* of, special pHvUages. Let n see what privileges the gewerumant ins conferred on the farmers. Much ;ms In-en %iade af Section i af the ' 'layton Anti-Trust Act, which pnr orted to permit them ta uamhlna with rtimtaiilfw tan/4nn />AV#?la AMAifltliBl Emitting chat, nominally, ttUa exemption wu la the nature ( a apodal privilege.?though T thlak It was so ia appearance rather thaa la fact,?we find that the cenrtn hare nnlHfled It by Judicial Interpretation. Why ahoold nut the tamers he permitted te accomplish hy co-operative methada what other badnesses are already Mac hy co-eperatlea In tha far* ef laoarperatlaaf If tt ha proper far aiea ta foitn, by fnatep af existing aarporadaaa er otherwise, a carporatlaa that eaatxela tha entire p red action af a ceaMDodlty, or a large part af It, why ia It not proper far a froap of farmer* to unite far the marketing af their common prod acta, either ta eae er la several salllag agencies? Why aheald It he right for a hundred thousand corporate ' shareholder* to direct 29 er SO *r 40 per ceat af aa Industry, and wrong far a hundred thousand ee-epe retire fa risers ta control a no larger propor tloa of tha wheat crop, or cotton, or any other prodhct? The Department of Agriculture li often spoken of as a special concession to the farmers, but In its commercial results, It la of as much benefit to the buyers and consumers of agricultural products as to the producers, or even more. I do Dot suppose that anyone opposes tha benefits that the farmers derive from the educational and research work of the department, or the help that It glvea them In working out Improved cultucpl methods snd practices, Id developing better yielding va rletles through breeding a no selection In introducing new varieties from remote parts of the world and adapting then to oar climate and economic con ditlon, and la devising practical measures for the elimination or ceatrol ol dsngerons and destructive aalnlal and plant diseases. La sect pests, and the like. All those things manifestly tend to stimalate and enlarge production and their general beneficial effects srr shvloaa It Is cs?plained that, whereas the taw rootricts Federal Reserve banki to thvas mewths' time for ooranierclal paper, the farmer is allowed all months on Us notes. This Is not h special privilege, bat merely each i recngmitioa of hnslnoas eoodltions n* makes it possible for ooaatry banks to do hoslsoA with oountry people The crop farmer has only oae turn over a year, while the merchant and manufacturer hove many. Incidental ly, I note that the Federal Reserve Hoard baa just authorised the Fed" "" 1 - -1. _ ? Muaut ?mnr1 erai Hr?tr?r paper far a period ut six months, tc con far te the an tare af tie bnsl ness. Tba ram Leas banks are pointed to as a* last a nee ef special torero ment farar far fa mere. Are they not rather the eatceme af loadable efforti i to equalize rural and urbaa condi tions? And about all the government does there is te help set ap an ad mlnletratlra erfaalaatias aad lend ? little trad* at the start. Brantualtj the farmers will prorkie all the capi tal and carry all tha liabilities them I selves. It is true that Farta Loai | bonds are tax exempt; but so art I bonds of municipal light and tractlor plants, and new housing Is te lie ex , empt from taxatioa. la Naw Tork. foi i fen years. On the rtther hand, the fanner reads , if plans for municipal housing prnj i cots that run into tne billion, of liun ireds af millions annually spent or , the merchant marine; he reads thai ! the railways are being fevered irlti j increased rates and virtual gnarai tie; w - *?? mrtrrmunt Vrlfl I or earning* ?j n-^ i the renult t? bin *f aa 'acreased to! en all that be eeite a ad all that In buys. He beara of many manifest a ilea* ef severnmental cnncera for pat tleular ladaartrlea and latereats Res . uing the railway* fr?m Inaeleeticy I: undoubtedly fer the Hencfll #f tb< country aa a wb le. but what cau b< I of were general benefit than encour xcement ?f amnle predactioa of thi . irinrinal aeceeearlea ef life aad theli I "vea bow fr?m centented creancers titished cwiuetaeni? rt'hHe it may be conceded tba ?p*?-ial governmental aid may be nec saury la the geaeral Interest, we mus all agree that It Is difficult te see wh; agriculture and the nroductloo and dls tributicu of fartji products are not ac corded the aame eppertnnltle* that an j provide* for ether businesses: cspe i rlalh ? the en.b>"*ticnt i>t ti c funue | of ancb opportunities vr^uld appeur tt be itm mere cstribatery ie (be gea Ff?r*: i?-? t? Ho | n4 i(> 11? Mtrll *! v?iwi < [ de-O* I* xlike >? ?ps--lal privlls ? to i* I! sy?via' pnvi*'fa of un??uit 9. ^ (tunity that? arig?i jiiti'' ?' v??. from tho faduro to corra" * ??r-? eonomie inequaiit.eo. I ni? : } -* to the injection t* { orertliri*!*1 ur business. ??ut 1 n-liere tHm> u n* a east-mini fijin*rl??ti >>f deuifM-raiit a eminent t? equalize ?ipp?rtimit> ? far as it is within itw power r? d?? ? whether h> (tie repeal ef ?r- 1:11 statutes *r ' <> eiiMi-rtnent ??f n*?f.?rr ones If the ant 1-1 rust law* keep Mie farmers from endeMVurtng *rl??nMfi ;i!l> to Integrate ihelr industry while <>n-er Industries find n way to meet un^lericonditions without violating such -?:iit tea. then it wouiil -ietm reasonable to find a way for I he farmers to meet rhetn under rhe <Hine conditions The law should wj>eniie equally In fact Re pairing the economic str icture on <?ne Side is 00 Injustice to the other side which is la good repair. We hare traveled a long way from the old conception of government as merely a defensive and policing agency: and regulative, corrective, or equalising legislation, which apparently is of special nature, is often of the most geaerai beneficial consequences. Been the First Congress passed a tariff set that was avowedly for the protection of manufacturers; bat a protective tariff always ban been defended as a means af promotiag the geserai good throagh a particular approach; sad the statute boohs are tiled with acta far the benefit of abipplag, commerce, and labor. i IT New, what la the farmer asklact Without trying to catalogue the remedial me as ares that have heea aug > 0 Is kU *-^ nrtsHnsl nso peaals that bear directly m It i? prerement ef his dlatrtbatfag aad mvh ketlng relations nay be wart?d m feDows Ilrat: storage waribi? far oattan, weal, aad tobaeea, aad elevators far grain, af suffWMent capacity ta Meat the maximum demand aa thea at tba peak af the mark?>ttag period. The farmer thinks that either private antral most furnlah thaae facilities, ar Aa state mast erect and awn th? elevai tars and warehouses. Second; weighing aad grading af 1 agricultural products, aad certlftcadaa thereof, to he done by Impartial and disinterested pabllc tnspecters (tids la already'accomplished to aoma extent > by the federal licensing of weighers and graders), to eliminate underpaying, overcharging, and unfair grading, and to facilitate the utilization of the l stored products as the basis of credit * * ? ?* ? * ?*? ? a -?.**11 a mm dW AI I I > a i Tnii^a: u cerui.my gi cram duuiucui to enible the marketing of products i In an .iwjerly manner. Fourth: the Department of Agriculture should collect, tubulate, summarize, and regularly and frequently publish and distribute to the farmers, full Information from all the markets of the world, so tha{ they shall be as well Informed of their selling position as buyers now are of their buying position. Fifth: freedom to integrate the bu#laese of agriculture by means of conI selldated selling agencies, co-ordlaatlag and co-operating la aach way as te I put the fanner on aa equal footing with the large bayers of his products, and with commercial relations la other Infantries. When a bestaess requires specialised , talent, it has to hay It So will the I farmers; and perhaps the heat way for them to get It would ho to utilise some i of the present machinery ef the largest established' agencies dealtag In! fams products. Of coarse. If he wishes, I , I the farmer may ge farther and engage j In oer-niUUng and other maautiaetureo f feed products, ki mj opinion. I however. be would be wlae to stop short of that. Public Interest Mf be . opposed to all {rest ietegrMlea*; bat, ! Justice, should they bo forbidden to Ike farmer sod permitted to others? > Ike corporate form of aeseetatl#n cansot dow he wholly adapted to his ebJeets and conditions Ike lesser coI optratire form seems mere pthsrnlly enUnble. Therefore, bo wishes to bo free, tf be ftn^s It dsthrsblt asd fess, Ma, to retort to m operallen with' his foHows sad aelcbbort, wKbont run niag adsul of tbe law. To arpp that the farmers should bate tbe sum liberty to consolidate and eo-ordlaate r their pocallar ecsasmlc fa actions wUcfc ather ladaotrloa la (hair. fteid* enjey, It sot, however. to ce^cede that i ' amy bnslaees integration oheatd have > legislative sanetioa to eztrdee monop i ollatlc power. The Americas people are ae firmly opposed to industrial as p to political autocracy, whether attempted by rural or by urtma laduatry For lack of uulted effort the farmers wHnie are atlll marketlDs their erapa hy aatlquated Matheds. or by no , tboda at all. hat they arasarraandedi i by a baalaeas world that haa been , Moderated to rha laat ailaata aad is rlrelesaly jftrlrlng far eflldaaey. This , eflclaaoy la due la large aieaaare to I big baatoea*. to aalted baataaea, to In> tagrated baaineaa. Tha lanaera now sack tha baaefltt af auch largeaaao, ua iaa aad lategratiaa. a The Aaaariraa fanaar ta a Madera ad tha aaadaraa la tha aaa af labor sadag nachlaery. aad ha haa asada raat . stride* la recaac year* ! aatoHie illlage aad etldaar farai Ma aa rem mm bat m a haataeea la ceatact whh atiher , haataaaaea aglrcaltora la a "aaa horae abag" la caaapetltlaa with high yawer aateaieWJaa. The Aaaarieaa ft rarer la , tha graataat aad maet iatraceaMe of ladlTldaaUata. While ladoatrlal yroi ilacfloB tad all pfcaaea af tha haga oemraerdal atochaalan and Ita Myriad ac eaaorlaa hart articulated aad ee-ardlnoted thejusalrea all tha way Croat natural raw aMtarlala ta retafl aalaa. (fee baalnaaa af arrlcaltara has gaaa on In , laaei. Xs-* mb^inhh fnabloi af tha back waoda af tha trst part af |he ahte taeatb caatary, whaa lha tonaar wm % [ self aafflelaat ui 41i art l?fnl apC< or ear* vary axk, wbat the fret worW was doing. Tbo raeait la tbt Ika agriaaltsral gravy la alaMrt i aeb at a dlsadraataga ta doallag wM . atkar oeoaomie group* as tbo jay tan ar af tbo fuany pagaa la tba kula < alook arVaa eonfldeaeo aaaa, wbo aa Mm aeraaga fa Caatral Part ar t) CMeaga city ball. Tba laadara af tf faraaora thoroughly aadarstaad thi aid tbay ara Intelligently striving I latagrata their Industry s? that it wl ba aa aa aaual fartlag with other but Aa aa example of integration. '*) tba steel Industry. Id which the im-d ta the United State* Steel Corpora tin witb its iron mines. its coal mines. I lake and rail transportation. Its ocesi raaaals. Its by-product coke ovens. I blast furnaces Its pen hearth ??r Bessemer furnace*, its rolling mills, i tube FMlil> and other mHinifn'*tnrlt pruces-e"* that are carried to the hig est degree of finished production cot pantile with 'he large trade It ht but:t up All rtiis la generally conce ed to he to the ad''3ntage of the coi sutner Nor d es the steel oerperatlf Inconsiderately dump Its prodacta < the market. On the coatrary. It t acts that it is frequently a stablllzlr Influence. as Is often the case with ot er large organlzatleaa. It Is taaatar < Ita distribution aa well aa of, its pr dactk>n. If prices are set sutisfactet the products are beM back or yrofta den to reduced or suspended. It to m compelled to send a year's work to t) market at one time and take wbateri It can get under sack dream stance It kaa ene setting policy and Ita on expert department Neitker era t) grndw ai>d qualities of steel determl ed at the caprice ef Ike kayer, aer to tho latter hold tke scales. In tkls at gte Integra ties ef Ike steel eerperatk Is represented akent 46 psr cent ef tl Seel production of America. Tke re Is matoly In tke hands ef a few larj companies. in ordinary times fel steel cerperatlen. ky example, stahllta aB steel prices. If tkls Is permlssik (It Is seen doslrahle, kecanse stab and fair prists are ernestial te sol and continued prosperity) why weal It he wrong for tbe farmers to stllb central agencies that weald hare slag lar effects ea agrlcnMnrsl prodncti Something like that (a what they ai aiming at. / Borne farmers favored by region compactness and contignity, such as tl dtraf-frult-raisers of California, i ready have found a way legaly i merge and sell their products tnt graliy and in accordance with season and local demand, thns Improdi rh?ir rwiotflon and rendering the CO sumer a reliable service of ensun quality, certain supply, and reasonab and relatively steady prices. Tb< have not found It necessary to reso to any special privilege, or to claf any exempt!* n under the antl-tru legislation of the state or nation. Wit at removing local Control, they ha* built up a very efficient rnarketli agency. The grain, cotton, aud t bacco farmers, and the producers hides and wool, because of their nui hers tad the vastness of their region and for other reasoas, have few integration a more difficult tasl though there are now some thousem ef farmer's co-operative elevetoi warehouses, creameries, and other e tori dees of ** *?rt and a aether, wH a turn-ever of a hlUlon dellera a yea They are glrlag the farmers husine eupsrleact and training, and, so fi aa they ge, they meet the aee<1 < heesut weighing aad fair gradlag; bi they de net meet the legolressests < ratteaafty adjustsd marketing In at large and fuudampatal way. The next step, 'which 111 he a pa teem far seher greaps, Is nsw heh prepared hy ths grala-rslsers threat the estahllshmeat of sales nmdla whh shhll baadle grain separately er c< tocttvety, as the individual farmer mi stent ft Is this step?ths plan sf tl Osmnafttoes sf Ssveatesn whteh hi msntod ss mweh eppesMea aad theu^to hp asms te be la coafilct wli As aid-trust tows. The ugh there I sew hsdens sengreM n measure d Sgwd te stonr up donht en this pels the grain-pr i leaira are net ratytag i any Immunity fresa aatl-trust lagiaft Use. They desire, and they are e Med, to ce-erdlaate their effects Ju as uffipsMvely ss the large hustnsus ft tarsals sf ths sens try hues deee. ] SMnesttou with ths ssMag ergaala ttosm ths Utotsd States drain Grewe inesspsratsd is drafting a scheme i desmdog lasS-ementnitttos aad sued) ary accedes wtoch are lnfllnp ?ab to ths seccsasfto stHlaattou ef medei softness mstbeds. It Is essential that the farmsi should proceed gradually with thei pleas, aad aim te a veld the errer < scrap pi ag the txtotiag marketing m chlnsry, which has been se laherleusi bulk up hy leag experleace, beta they have a tried and preved sahet tuts sr supplementary mechanist They must he careful net to hscsn enmeshed la their ewa rcferms as lese the perspective ef their place I the aatteaal system. They mast gaai ngtoast fanatical devetlea to asw do trtoss, aad sbeald seek articalatic vrlfh CM (Mtrti etfiHuu rathar tha* Ifta ri^lm daatrtetioa i It raiataa U Ifc?. To lafca a taiaraat aad ap?patheti view of tha fanner*' atriviafa for be tar tfaiaes la a?t to five a blank* endorsement t# a ay M?*ie plaa, an aM laaa t? a#flaod the rafariec < mm* of tkaAr leader* ?4 group NMbar ahoatd w?, oa th* acker baa* allow the froth of bitter acttatloi fata* oconotnle*. aad mistaken radica Ian ka eaacaal the facta af the fare era' ^advantages. and tb* practlcabi ity of eliminating them by woll-eoi aldered meeaares. It naj ba that th 'armern will not show tbe hnei>^j <aga<c t; ?*n<l develop rbe wise leudt' {hip w carry through souad placs; hi that poaaiblliiy does aat Jaatldy th *? obstractfea of their apward . * Wa, as eity people, aaa la high 1 ipeealatlrely maalpalatad prlaaa, _ J* spoilage, warn*, aeardty, the riwlti ? of defective dlstrlbntien af farm pred*' sola. 9hea)d it aat eecar to aa that ' we have a eemmea iatcraat with the farmer hi hie attempts ta attain a de* gree of affieieney in dtotrlbitlon aof* responding to hla efficiency in predde" tian? Da aat the recent floctoatiana ? in the May wheat optian, apparently , B&NhM ta normal iataractiaa at I snppty and denned, offer a timely psaef af the aaad af seme inch at a Ml" lalag agency as the graia growers hate p la aaatasipiatioa? *g It la con leaded that, if their peoia peaed organisations he perfected sad t operant, ike farmers will hare ta i>? their hands aa iastnrmeat that will ha tn capable of daageraas abase. Wa are i j tald that it will be possible to perrast ' It to arbitrary and oppressive priaa8 ftxtag tram Ma legitimate nse af erdar's lag and atablMsIag the flew af fasm "s. b prodneaa t# the market, to the matdhl hoaeflt af pradncer and consumer. I m bare aa apprehensions an thla paint ~ n la the Ant place, a loose ergaalaaMam, each as say anion af fai wis* S- mast ha at beat, cannot be ae asMII trartty and promptly controlled aa a ?. great corporation. The one la a l?a j bertng democracy and the ather an agftn * c- aatacracy. la the second place, wMh K all paaMhia power af organization, the uiwn rtuoi nccceo w any i<m sr atMt, or lor nay considerable lose* a. of time, la flaiag prices. The great ra law of s?pp& and demand works la^ te rations aad sarprisiaf ways, to the nndolng of the Pest laid plans that M attempt to foM It la tko third pleee, a- their power will arall the farmers m nothing if It be abused. In oar ttne ia aad ceantry power Is of raise to Its it possessor oaty so lonf as It. is petge abased. It Is flair to say that I hive i? sees so sitae in responsible quarters eg of a disposition to dictate prides, la There seems, en the contrary, to ho a . }e eommoaiy hoaeflLcial porpooo to icaltea Id a stability that will giv> an orderijr Id and ahaodant flow of farm predsdts ^ is to the eeasomer and ensure reanesalftr i- and dependable returns to tho fte* If inter. re In view of the sapreme Importance to the national well-being of n pffls* per*os and contented agricultural pep* * elation, we should be prepared to pe f" a koag way In assisting the farmers to ? get an eqmitabio share of tho woalth j they produce, through tho inaogdtw_ tioa of reforms tbat will procure a '* continuous and Increasing stream of , farm products. Tbej are far from apt* [e ting a fair share now. Considering his capital and the long boms of 1*6* put in bj the average farmer and m family, he is remunerated less than any other occupational class, with tin . possible exception of teachers, rqlh, 7 Jv glous and lay. Though we knew thai the present general distress of t)? ? farmers is exceptional and Is link*# # with the inevitable economic msiljl ' ment following the war, It mast he ' remembered that, although represents J lag ?ne-third of the lndnatrtal product and half the total population of Qmr :ci j* natloa, the raral communities orfc. tartly enjoy but a fifth to a qtarter fcf the net annual national gain. Netwlth-, , '' .. standing the taste of prosperity that the farmers had daring the war, tbeter"* m'vrs ' la today a lower stendard of Mvlag: smeag the cettea farmers of the Booth . than ia aay other pnraaK la the eeaatry.. t Ia cendaslen. It seema ta me (hat the; " f farmers are chiefly striving for a gehoraily beaeAdal lntegrstloe of their hahhieM. of the same kind and charts-'? . tor that other business enjoys. If W> shoaM he foaad on exsminatlfh that Jr tha attaiameat ef this end laqiflmx | ? methods different from those whkh^ N ,, other activities have followed for (ho j" 8MM firpMt IMIHI we mmi Bymyw )e thetlraNy consider the plea far thw '"Ml .. right la co-operate, if only from oar -?~ owa enlightened self Interest, la obuj, taialag an abundant and steady of fara products? ^ -la examining tba agricultural alma-: * tlaa with a view to its improvement,. A ^ we shah ha most helpful If we l|ba. tala a detached and judicial vlowpsllW, B. remembering that existing wrongs teat |t be chiefty an accident of nnsj iietilB_ cal economic growth Instead of a eftitlaa af malevolent design and. coaapfcra. c7. We Americans are praaa, an ftw?: n fever David Friday well says In ?* * ^ admirable hook, "Profits, Wages a*d<I Prices," to seek a "criminal latent Be*. bind oeory difficult and undesirable dbs_ Qomic situation." I can positively aa-' let fraas ay contact with men of n large affairs, Including bankers, that, as a whole, they a re-endeavoring to' fulfill as they see them the ooiiganona > that go with their power. Preoccupied I with the grave problems and heavy. ^ taaka of their own immediate affatra, > they have net turned their thoughtful pertonal attention or their construe|e tive abilities to the deficiencies ef agri1(1 cultural business organization. Afiiu culture, it may be said, suffers from ,d their preoccupation and neglect rather c than from any purposeful exploitation ^ by them. They ought now to begla te^ , fj m respond to the farmers' difficulties, which they must realise are their own. On the other band, my contacts with the farmers have filled me with respect for them?for their sanity, their patiaaco, their balance. Within the last ' 0 year, and particularly at a meeting called by the Kansas State Board tf '! Agriculture and at another culled by - a th# OMBMlttM ?f Seventeen, 1 HTC Jr )f a? BUU17 of the leaden of the sew * fans wweat, and I teetify in all j rfacerltj that they art aadeavortof to a- deal wkh their problems, a?t u promoters of mrrow class Interest, aot 1' as exploiters of the hapless consumer.. not as merciless monopolists, but as 1 honest meat beat on the improvement >e of the common weal. We ?- - and most meet each rneai^ nad ou.e a cause half way. Their" business Is our business?the nation's-" * ? A :