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IMPORTANT WORK OFLASTCONGIIESS Radical Changes In Existing Laws Marked Two Sessions. THE DEMOCRATS IN CONTROL i New Tariff Act of Greatest Moment Currency Law First Comprehensive Measure Passed In Fifty Years?Free Canal Tolls Came Near Causing Ma ? ? ?- II SI I jonxy xo oreaK?miscellaneous meai- ; uros of General Interest. By ARTHUR W. DUNN. "We have enacted more important legislation than any congress' which Las assembled in years." That was a remurk made by lion. Oscar W. Underwood, chairman of the ways and means committee and ma Jority leader of the house of representatives, as the second session of the Sixty-third congress was about to close In a letter to Mr. Underwood, dated Oct- 17, President Wilson said: "1 cannot let this session of congress close without expressing my warm admiration for the fidelity and intelligence with which the program outlined in April and December of last year has been carried out and my feeling that the people of the country have been served by the members of this congress as they have seldom, if ever, been served before. The program was a great one, and it is a matter of deep satisfaction to think of the way in which it has been handled." The two sessions marked an important political period, for it was the first time in twenty years that the Democratic party had been in control of fdl branches of the legislative departments of the government It may i be assumed that little will be done in the short session of congress, as every effort will be made to pass all the appropriation bills and avoid an extra session next spring and summer. Consequently the legislation of the Sixtythird congress, unless emergency P arises, may be considered practically | dosed. Tariff Moat Important Maaaure. Of more importance than all other ' lawi' was the new tariff act passed at i the first session. The Underwood tariff law Is Important because it establishes a lower rate of duties than had been known In half a century and creates a free list which Is more extensive thai* ever proposed by any other Dem ocratlc congress since the civil war. It has provided an income tax which Is likely always to remain a part of the revenue raising system of the government Fractically the whole of the j first session was devoted to the tariff, although the house passed the curren-' cy bill, and It was under consideration In the senate wl\en the first ses- ! slon merged Into the regular session on Dec 1. New Currency Law. The currency luw when in complete operation may become equally important as the tariff bill. It Is the first comprehensive currency act that has beer, passed In more than fifty years. It establishes what are known as federal reserve banks under the control of a federal reserve board. In fact, the government has assumed the direction of tanking and under the new law hss the power to provide an elastic curren cy bill and Toll nave a much larger supervision of the currency of the country. Jc;6t how farreachlng the legislation may pivve to be no one at this time can say. It has taken time to select the federal reserve board and the eight federal reserve banking cities and to divide the country Into reserve districts; consequently the new law will allow a greater latitude in the issue of money by the banks and la expected to afford a better system and easier method of obtaining loans on commercial paper than have heretofore exlstftd. In connection with the currency law a bill waa passed later which extended for a year the Aldrieh-Vreeland act in oxditr to meet a possible money stringency. *res Toils and War Resolution. An act that caused an acrimonious Glsc-iasion ana tnreatenea ror a time to disrupt the Democratic party contained but a few lines. It repealed the provision for free tolls to American ' hips pass In# through the Panama ca- ' naJL Long and earnestly the contest waged, and much 111 feeling was die- ; played. In spite of the opposition of leading ' Democrats, such as Speaker Champ Clark and Majority Leader Underwood, the repeal bill was passed, < enough Republicans in both bouses i coming to the aid of the president to i insure a majority. What might hare been the most lm- < portant measure of the entire congress i was a short Joint resolution authorls- j lng the president to make war on Max- | ico. Under the terms of that resolu- \ tlon the president was given practical- ] ly a free hand and no further action i by congress, which is charged with the , responsibility of declaring war, was necessary to begin war against Mexi- i co. The outcome of this, however, Is j well known. I Trust L?w and Trade Commission. Two of the three proposed bills deal- * lng with corporations became lew*- : The bill giving the government super- 1 vision over railway capitalisation was i passed by tfie Troniisi but was not < pressed in the senate. The must lm porta lit of the measures was the Clayton net, over which there was a long wrangle lu the senate before it passed nial when It came back from conference. This law is expected to supplement the Sherman net. although many differences of opinion have been expressed concerning Its effect One of the most important provisions is expected to exempt labor unions from the operations of the anti-trust laws. ! The other act provides for a trade commission which Is expected to supervise industrial corporations in a manner similar to that which the interstate commerce commission exerts over railroads, although the trade commission does not have as much power. To a great extent it Is an investigating commission, and the president or either house of congress may direct it to investigate any alleged violation of the anti-trust laws. Its duties are similar ill tins respect iu me uuirau vi porations In the department of commerce. European War Legislation. Several measures have been passed which were necessary on nceouut of the great war in Europe. One of these i provided for the American registry of foreign built ships. Many foreign ships were rendered useless on account of the war, and it has been expected that they will be transferred to Amer- \ lean registry under the new law and j carry American products abroad. Another law passed on account of, the war established a war risk bureau : in the treasury department and appro-| printed $5,000,000 to pay insurance on American cargoes sent to foreign ports. Several other measures of an emergency character were proi>osed, one of j which appropriated $30,000,000 to buy | ships. Another was the proposition to i purchase cotton which could not find a j market In foreign countries. Army and Navy Legislation. On account of the threatened war j with Mexico a law was passed pro j vlding for raising volunteer forces of the United States. The law can be. Invoked only In case of war and threatened war, and even then congress must1 authorize the president to act before he can proceed under it The war department, however, in case of possible war could put the ma- j chlnery in motion so that when con-1 gress gave permission men could be; enlisted, officers selected and preliminary work of organization could be j under way. The bill is important from j the fact that it affords an opportunity for the United States to secure volunteers before the militia organizations of the different states are called out Another measure, more effective at the present time, is the law organizing an aviation force in the signal corps, providing more pay for officers and men and authorizing a larger number of officers and men for this dangerous though important duty. Two Battleship Policy. The most important legislation re lating to tDe navy was tae resumption of the policy of constructing two battleships each year. This wsb supplemented by the sale of the Idaho and Mississippi to Greece. The proceeds of the sale were used to construct another battleship of the Dreadnought type, making three large ships, upon which work begins this year. A law was passed to promote the efficiency of the naval militia. It Is intended to encourage the organization of naval milltln In different states and provides ships for training officers and men for sea service. For th? Benefit of Agriculture. One of the important measures passed by the present congress provided for co-operative agricultural extension work by the agricultural colleges of the several states and the general government Through the department of agriculture the government will expend yearly $4,580,000 In the different states. The distribution of the money 'o ?ii?l nnnnlaHnn La uaoru u^a/u ui\, a u??*4 Tbe money 1b to be expended in glrlng Instruction and practical denaonsBr* tlons In agricultural and home economics to persons who do not attend agricultural colleges. The Instruction Is to be for those farmers who do not and cannot attend the agricultural colleges. Another law In the Interest of rural communities provided a commission to consider the subject of national aid for vocational education. An act In the Interest of cotton growers was passed, which places a tax on the sales of cotton for future delivery. It Is Intended to prevent speculation and the manipulation of the price of cotton. A law was passed extending the pe- ' rlod of payment on reclamation projects In the western states. The extension will enable tbe locators to get their Irrigated lands under cultivation before the payments fall due. Another , law was passed which allows a sec- , inrt homestead entry on desert lands. Alaska Legislation. i Alaska occupied a great deal of time ( luring the last session of congress, and one of the bills passed may be farreachlng In Its effect upon the j whole country. It provides for the ( expenditure of $38,000,000 for the con- , Jtructlon of railroads In Alaska, the ( roads when completed to be operated , by the government or leased. This Is j the first time that congress has direct- | ly taken an affirmative action In fa- \ ror of government construction and j jwnershlp of railroads. 1 While It was emphatically asserted by men who supported the bill that i they would not vote for any measure , for construation of railroads in the j CTnlted B^les and that condi^ns in i Alaska toade this an exceptional case, 1 pet the precedent was established 1 which may be nsed with effect when I sentiment In favor of government 1 ownership becomes stronger, i A: other A !u?ka :vt of grent importance be< -v of the effect it will have uj i legislation relating to the do.naiii provides for leasing in.;! lands in that territory. It esl.:ii!isJica th<> leasing system of public lands, and, while the bill passed related only to "Alaska and to coal lands, the debates showed conclusively that it is the intention to extend the leasing system to other public lands in the United States. The Alaska leasing law is In line with demands of conservationists, and it Is expected to be followed by similar legislation for other public lands. In fact, the house passed a number of conservation bills which were not taken up In the senate. Miscellaneous Measures. A law was passed to promote mediation. conciliation and arbitration be tween railroads and their employees. It establishes a commission to investigate labor troubles and to act as Intermediaries in the settlement of disputes and disagreements l?etween employers and employed. Two bills were passed relating to opium. One levies a prohibitive tax of $.'100 a pound on all opium manufactured for smoking purposes. The other relates to the importations of opium and Is a much more stringent law than heretofore existed. An act was passed providing for the election for senators under the now const it ut lona 1 a mendment Congress has been quite liberal in making appropriations for people In distress. It appropriated $2,750,000 for the relief of Americans abroad who were stranded and without means of returning home as a result of the European war, $500,000 for the relief and wmet.natoti.iii r\f \ nwil-l/'nn ill Mexico, $200,0 K) for the relief of the fire sufferers of Salem, Mass.; $30,000 for the storm sufferers In Alaska and $000,000 for the eradication of hog eholei-a. j The total appropriations for the year were $115,008,777. Emerflcncy Revenue Act. The Sixty-third congress began with revenue legislation. T'ie first session was called to revise the tariff, and the i second ended with the enactment of a law to raise $100,000,000 additional revenue by an emergency measure. It 1 was entitled n war revenue act on ac- j count of the European war causing a falling off of importations. The Republicans, however, asserted that the loss of revenue caused by the war was I comparatively small and that the tarifT | law would have created a deficit A large part of the money to be raised by the emergency act will come from < increased taxes on whisky, beer, wines , and tobacco. In addition many of the taxes Imposed by the Spanish war rev- ; enue act of 189S have been Imposed, including most of the stamp taxes. < The last revenue act, like the first, ( provoked a great deal of partisan debate, the Republicans taking occasion 1 to criticise the former tariff bill for < failing to produce sufficient revenue j and also condemning the extravagance of the party In power. The Democrats defended their tariff bill, asserting that 1 unlooked for and extraordinary condl- ] tlons In Europe caused the falling off , In revenues and that previous Republican legislation made large approprla- ' tlons by the present congress neces- < sary. Bills Which Go Ovsr. There are quite a number of Important bflls pending which have been ' passed by the house, but have not been i considered by the senate. In addition ^ to the conservation bills and the railroad bill heretofore mentioned there Is 1 the Immigration bill, containing the lit- ] erary test This Is considered an lm- < portant measure and passed the house . last winter. It has been on the senate J calendar for many months, but has 1 never beet taken up. It Is one of the , Important bills which may be passed during the short session. The Philippine bill, giving the Fillpl- i nos a larger share In their government | and promising more in ine ruture, which recently passed the hoose Is not likely to pass the senate next session, J as It will be debated at length and ] meet with more determined opposition ^ than in the honse. The La Follette seaman's Mil Is one measure which passed the senate and j has been bung up in the house for a < long time. It has been materially amended In committee and In going ( over to the abort session la likely to ] fail t The rural credits bill has been prom- . Ised consideration during the short set- ' ilon, but as It has not been reported ] from any committee nor received con- ( slderatlon In either house It Is not likely to be passed next winter. The house passed a bill regulating 1 railway mall pay, but It has not been ( reported from the senate committee, i A.n effort will be made to have It considered when the senate meets in December. Ltttls Chanos For Good Roads Bill. The good roads bill appropriating t $25,000,000 annually for roads through- c out the country was amended by the j senate committee to provide for the Is- . ruing of $500,000,000 bonds to raise that j imoont of money to hs expended In a period of five years, the states using the money to deposit their securities for 1 the repayment of the principal and Interest In the next fifty years. That bill Is also likely to be lost Owing to the short time that congress will be In session before the term t expires by limitation on March 4, 1916, ? It will be almost impossible to pass my measure which to vigorously contested and which may lend to a flllbus- . ttr. This is particularly true if an ef 1 tort is made to pass all fee appropria- 3 Son bills In order to p?feut an extra J leesion of the Sixty-fourth aaigws. ( ? ? pss Miss Myrtle Cothrum, I - S a II of Russellvillc, Ala., says: 11 I "For nearly a year, I suf- I3C 3 j i fered with terrible back- 1 ache, pains in my limbs, k and my head ached nearly ; all the time. Our family doctor treated me, but only gave me temporary relief. I was certainly in bad health. My school L teacher advised me to \ TAKE f Cardui The Woman's Tonic I I took two bottles, in all, t and was cured. I shall I ; always praise Cardui to sick and suffering wo- I men." If you suffer from I pains peculiar to weak I M Jf women, such as head- I ryj ache, backache, or other |\/ I svmotoms of womanly |f| ; * I trouble, or if you merely I . j fwl need atonic for that tired, IM y\J nervous, worn-out feelMouzon-Bnrgess. A pleasant social event took pla< at Mouzon's Wednesday,October 21 in the marriage of Miss Addie Loi ise Mouzon, youngest daughter < Mr and Mrs S R Mouzon, to M David Scott Burgess. Rev D ] Clark of Olanta performed the ceri mony. The sun shone in all ii 3plendor, seemingly an omen of happy life for the young couple. The bridal party entered th tastefully decorated parlor to th strains of Lohengrin's weddin march, played by Mrs B F Duke ( Mouzon's, coming in the followin order: Miss Clara Montgomery, cousin of the bride, with Mr Die Burgess,an uncle of the groom; Mil Nettie Burgess,an aunt of the groon with Mr Edward Mouzon, a brother ( the bride; then the bride and tY groom,the former becomingly dres ed in cream messaline with gol trimmings, and the bridesmaids a tired in white marquisette wit 3atin trimmings and carrying lovel bouquets of flowers. The preseni were various and useful, consistin sf rugs, silver, cut glass, table linei etc. After the minister, in an impres 3ive manner, had said the solem: words that made the youner coupl jne, the company were ushered int the dining-room, where delicious r< freshments were served by Mis Lula Mouzon, Mrs J H Mouzon, Mi 3 N King,Miss Alice McConnell,Mis Essie Epps, Mr Robbie Burgess an Mr David Epps. The young coupl will,for the present,live at the horn )f the groom's mother, till ne duuc i home of his own, which will be i the near future. Among the guests were: Mr an< Mrs C C Burgess, Mrs M C Mouzor Dr and Mrs E T Kelley, Messrs P I Sourdin and J J B Montgomery an Miss Alice McConnell of Kingstre* Mrs Clark of Olanta; Mrs S J Smith of Mullins; Mrs C S Game >f Georgetown; Mr and Mrs D ] Evans, Miss Debelle Evans and brc ;her of Workman; Mr and Mrs E' Montgomery and daughters an* Misses M L and F C Montgomery o areelyville; Mr and Mrs D I iVheeler of Sandy Grove; Mr and Mr 3 H Kinder, Mr and Mrs B F Duk< )f Mouzons and the immediate fam lies of both the bride and the groom M C Mouzon. Declare War on Colds. A crusade of education whicl lims "that common colds may be :ome uncommon within the nex feneration" has been begun by jrominent New York physician iere is a list of the "don'ts" whicl he doctors say will prevent the an mal visitation of the cold: "Don't sit in a draughty car." "Don't sleep in hot rooms." "Don't avoid the fresh air." "Don't stuff yourself at mes ;ime. Over-eating reduces your re listance." To which we would add?whei rou take a cold get rid of it as quick y as possible. To accomplish tha rou will find Chamberlain's Cougl itemedy most excellent. Sold by a] lealers. * 1 Our Line :e is more complete th; J* your careful inspectioi ? Call and look our You will find a variet ^ We have just rec< reals, such as, Oat 1 e Wheat, Corn Flakes, F g Fresh shipment of >f for making Fruit Cak I BRITTON js III Phone No. 108 Id ft = ? GO! ly 117*11 1171 WhO FO I Flour, Gr a. * Three Car L d Cow, Horse a * Oats, Hay and is or small quant n Agents for International Vbhmbhhmbhhbhhhbbbi J, J d I Mr. Farn ! Sec ; MOWERS AND R f. REYS, WAGONS, H h I We also hare a fev I I for sale at the right pi h I Yourj | Williamsburg ; IT PAYS TO ABVEi h 1 let Us Print Ton ?Si of Groceries)) |j in ever before. We invite r? ocj hrkfli nnalif-v anrl nripp. II CIO IV WV11 \jUUAAVj line of Canned Goods over. jnj y of the most choice edibles. eived a fresh shipment of cedeal, Buckwheat, Cream of 111 uffed Rice, Puffed Wheat, Etc. 4BS Raisins, Currants and Nuts HUTSON. 1 ))> | 1 ft - / O THE r lesale Grocery Co R YOUR J its and Rice i i nads Just Arrived md Hog Feed, Corn, T\/mi Poarl in 1 o v?nro II ities. ! ] Stock and Poultry Food Co. y !&* S 1 I J? ler: ; us for 'ME, BUGGIES, SUR^ IARNESS, SADDLES, ETC. r Good Mules on band. All y * * ices. /?m \ to please, lire Stock C04 ? ITISE IN THE RECORD! 1 some Office Stationery f jfcai - ' M