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tr\ ' ' ^ Civiliza By Henry Fairf HE conquest of the hors k A ^ X all purposes which are | I T today, marked one of tl > I X of civilization. In the * x posits of Europe the though not as varied, a \ J associated with the rei man except the pithec: been found. In the int< mains of man and the horse are first fo occurs* in the middle of the palaeolithi* discovery of ail the possible uses of the for thete is abundant proof that man fi finally rode the animal. Tfcs prevailing drawings 01 tne pan inaned, with no forelock to conceal the 1< In the Mouthe cave, a bearded horse wit conve* forehead, is regarded by M. Rivi< clear to my mind that these drawings r winter coats of the same animal. Besidf Bwart traces the modern cart horse. th< flat noses which Ewart associates with t origin of the thoroughbred. Other cave leave little doubt that the ass was know abundant evidence in the caves of Frar toward the south perhaps, while the sma colder northern regions.?The Century. There Are A[o Id( By Dr. Elle . ITCH a thing as an idea SC3t approach to one is the same liberties as h If he drops around . =w= likewise. If he hires Hquaintance driving in I hire a carriage and tal ? The ideal husband spect his wife's rights. He should make the children respect He diiould be at his wife's commanc be at his. A man should not be expected to be sure. He needs recreation, and should b friends, tout the ideal husband would ne^ to keep his wife from being lonesome, bis wiferat home, 'Would she rather havi He would take an interest in her affa * cerned i.i the welfare of his home. He EmiShatically, I do not believe the w bis stomach. Men like to be well fed, meals when they provide the means for would win a man to his wife's side if ha with hit crowd. I tMf'nk a man has a right to complai ideal husband would not make bis criticl bi the nature of fault-finding. The idea Wife's feelings as well as bis own. f & & \ Th American By Brigadier*General Cha FOOT or on horseback, I n | today, our "man behint - I ing. Take him all in a E ally straighter soldier I the globe. Like Engli; 1 V I sailor Jackie of Anglo 1 IL f limitations. He "come: er lands, but he fights complishes greater res face of a turbulent mob of his own peopl ly and sure when he gets the word. He before au election, but the sure defense over Chicago's early infancy, and thrice i with fixed bayonets to stand between h' flag and his country. He is stout-heart specting as a rule. He wants to be helc devotes reasonable time and thought to hearty outdoor sports, base ball, foot bal Blights the little niceties of military carri fully submit to the sternest discipline, trials when he knows the need; and, fins charge with* finer fury and enthusiasm dogged tenacity, and all the time shoot any other man-at-arms of ail the vauntt ?-? ?'*- ? ? ? ? * V? /\ (VAAMIA V? A P rt WISH W UO uiai uic uc ov Is?a man to depend on in fair weather < times.?the World Today. J& J& I Women Are * Set) By John Oliver Hobi - - ?-i OMEN. where their fee W enough, they appraise 1 cheaply; it is the sulcida the selfishness of the are not all misogynists, married is no proof th & woman's companionship ,i , panionship, on irrespon gree. Why should th< by organism and education, work hard c l?rticular woman, while so many are toe ing It. and so many more wait eagerly o tenderness he may have been born with time to miss them, and no opportunity o disclplintd, and it becomes a curse rathe \ Because women have this strange powei in their love; they can not do enough . they have done ail, and have been at n ^ they realize that they have erred thiouj \ bachelors. . m . m t the History of tion.. leld Osborn. } e by man, and its final utilization for discharged by steam and electricity le great turning points in the history great earth and sand preglacial detrue wild horse is as widespread, s in America. It is not at this stage nains of man, because no preglacial inthropus or Trinil man of Java has erglaeial or postglacial period the round together. The first association ?, or rough implement, period. The horse came very gradually, however, rst hunted and ate, then drove, and icolithic horse represent him as hog Dw-bred Roman nose. A second type h long bristling mane, long ears and ?re as another species. But it is not epresent more than the summer and ?s these Roman-nosed types to whicn ire are others with small heads and he Celtic pony and possibly with the drawings, reproduced by M. Capitan, n in Europe. It is also certain from ice that there was a larger horse iller breeds may have frequented the I ?at Husbands n Milas. 1 husband does not exist The nearthe man who would allow his wife imself. to his club in the evening, let her do a carriage and takes a woman ac:he park, let him expect to have her Ice out some man friend, should be consistent He should re; the mother's opinion. I as thoroughly as he expects her to tied to his wife's apron strings, to be e entitled to an evening out with his rer wait to be asked to stay at home He would think first before leaving e me here?' ) lirs and pleasures. le would be conwould be agreeable about the house, ay to reach a man'4 heart is through and it is their right to expect good them, but I don't think a good mear i were determined on an evening out n if the meals are not decent, but the rtf Aror^nno cf??nl{ lOLLtO UU UOU VVilVV/ v? V/.V. d husband would always regard his ^7 J& e ? Soldier ! r/es K^g. regular or volunteer, as you see him 1 the gun" is a man worth the know.11, and a physically sounder and mordoesn't live or dwell on the face ot sh "Tommy Atkins," as well as the -Saxon blood, he has his faults and 3 higher" than do the rankers of othharder. With fewer numbers he acults. He has patience illimitable in e, but he pulls trigger quicK, suddenis the bugbear of demagogue orators of society at any time. He presided since the great civil war has he come er and anarchy. He is proud of his ed, clean limbed, law-abiding, self-reI and hailed as a man, not a boy. He his drill, but he delights in healthful, II and polo preferred. He sometimes age and courtesies, but he will cheerthe hardest privations, the heaviest illy, when it comes to fighting he will or hold his ground with more grim, %ith greater skill and precision than ;d legions of Europe. His one great loyally serves might know him as he >r foul, a soldier to be proud of at all & ?? Not I fish Enoush ^ V-/ >es, (Mrs. Craigie.) lings are in question, are not scifisl :hemselves not too dearly, but far to< d unselfishness of women which make! modern bachelor possible. Bachelor . and the fact that a man remains un at he is insensible to the charm of > ), or that be does not have such com sible terms, to a most considerable de ; average vain young man, egotisth w make sacrifices for the sake of anj i willine to share his life without join n his steps to destroy any chivalry 01 i? Modern women give bachelors n< to need them; their devotion is un >r than a blessing to its object. Why' r of concentration and self-abnegatioi to ps^^^eir kindness. And wher o pJ^t^?cure their own position ;b excess oAenerosity shown towarc _1_ L_; ?_ . HAS ALMOST FALLEN l Port Arthur tfas Reached the Point of Surrender PROPOSITION IS MADE TO NOGI Japanese Commander Receives a Letter From General Stoessel Relating to the Surrender of the Besieged City and Fortress Original Garri son or 4u,uuu wen now Keduced to $15,000?Capture of 203-Metre Hill Was the Beginning of the End. Tokio, By Cable.?Great Nogi reports that he has received a letter from General Stoessel relating to ?he surrender of Port Arthur. The news that the Russian forces at Port Arthur have been reduced to such a strait that at last the heroic commander has been forced to propose surrender follows upon a month of reverses. The siege began almost with the firing of the first gun in the war, now nearly 11 months ago, and when perhaps the greatest stronghold in the world was garrisoned by 40,000 Russian soldiers, supported by a formidable l^uadron of modern battleships, cruisjts and torpedo boats. These war0^hips have been destroyed or dispersed until but a few torpedo boats remain in the harbor. The garrison at latest accounts, had been redugecd to about 15,000 men. On December 4. High (2011Metre) Hill, was captured by the Jap t I anese. On December 19, the East Keekwan fort was taken by them and the Rihlung fort fell on December 29. From the hour of the fall of East Keek Ran events seem to be hastening toward the culmination for on December 31, Sungshu Mountain fell into the hands of the besiegers and only a few hours later the "H" fort, another 1 strong position was captured. The report that the non-combatants of Port Arthur had been accorded asylum behind Liao Tie Mountain may have been an indication that the Japanese commander foresaw that the surrender of the Russians within a very brief time was assured. Think Fortress' Fill Near. Tokio, By Cable.?Following the dramatic capture of Sungshu Mountain Saturday morning, the Japanese Sunday captured "H" fort and a recently constructed fort on Pan Lung Mountain, which gives them possession of ^ the entire lline between Rihlupg Mountain and "H" fort by way of Pan Lung .Mountain. onuiiunautuusij, mc treme Japanese right, pressing sonth along Pigeon Bay, captured the heights south of Housanyentao. A telegram received late Sunday from the beseiging army says: "Part of the center, dislodging the enemy occupied 'H' fort at 7 o'clock this morning and also captured a new fort on Pan Lung Mountain. Thus the line between Rihlung Mountain and 'H* ; fort via Pan Lung Mountain fell firmI ly into our hands. "Part of our right, which commenced a bombardment at 8 o'clock this morning and dislodged the enemy, who resisted stubbornly, firmly occupied a height south of Housanyentao at 2 o'clock." News of the continuance of Japanese successes at Port Arthur is received with elation in Tokio. It is known that the Japanese losses were comparatively light. It is believed here that the Russian garrison is finally reaching its limits of strength, endur1 ance and numbers. The Emperor and Emperess held a brilliant New Year's ceremony at the palace Sunday. From early in the morning they received in audience Japanese statesmen, and peers and naval and military officers, who of' fered their homages in order of precedence. The more prominent officials 1 received the diplomatic corps at 2 o'clock, p. m. Shot Out Boy's Eyes. Newport News, Special.?Fred West ingliouse, the small boy wno was snoi : yesterday at Oriana by the premature explosion of a gun which was being loaded by a negro, will lose his eyesight as a result of the accident The shot struck him full in tho face, destroying both eyes. Police Officer Shot. Charlotte, Special.?Rural Of!cer S. E. Cole, of Belmont Park, was killed \ Sunday afternoon at half-past 5 o'clock by a negro, Will Springs. The homicide , was committed at the railroad crossing ne. ? Sugar Creek church and within 200 yards of Zion negro church. Mr. ^ Cc' 's-son-in-law, Mr. H. B. Nabors, a r .inist at Liddell's, was there ar,J \-..s shot also. How seriouslv > wounded does not yet appe^ .ems * though, that he is not much hurt Mr. 5 Cole was attempting the arrest of a 4 negro for the larceny or a Dicycie De3 longing to another negro. Dr. Chadwick Not Arrested. New York. Special.?Dr. Leroy S. ' Chadwick. husband of Cassie L. Chadr wick, arrived in this country Satur day on the steamship Pretoria, ran the f gauntlet of big crowds which had wait> ed for hours to see nim, was haled to Hoboken police headquarters and to ? the recorder's court, and finally left j for Cleveland, not as a prisoner, but as the guest of Sheriff Barry, who had come from Ohio with a warrant for the doctor's arrest which he did not ' serve. : COHON GOES DOWN Takes lhe Worst , Tumble Recorded la Three Years SOUTHERN GROWERS GET UNEASY Price* Break Sharply on the Indica uon or me census dui mj s ncpw ?. . That the Crop Would Exceed the Government's Estimate ? The Figures the Lowest in Three Years. New York, Special.?The cotton market broke 30 to 35 points on the Census Bureau's ginners' report indicating a crop in excess of the government's estimate. There was very heavy trading on the decline. The bears contended that the ginners' report probably forecasted a crop of nearly 13,000,000 bales. Following the report prices, which had shown weakness since the opening, broke sharply, with January selling around 6.06, March 6.S1 and May 6.96, or a net decline of 22 to 25 points, and a break of practically $6.00 a bale in two week's time. The market was very active during the afternoon with big short interests covering, while ' there was also heavy liquidation and on every little bulge the bears seemed disposed to withdraw their buying orders and sell more cotton. The low figures reached in the slump arc the lowest that cotton has reach ed in nearly three years. The Bureau Figures, Washington, Special.?The Census Bureau Wednesday issued a report giving the quantity of cotton ginned in 737 counties up to December 13th last, to have been ll.9Sfi.Clt running bales, which is the equivalent of 11,848,113 commercial bales. The commercial bales reported to the same period for 1903 amounted to 8,747,669. In arriving at the number of commercial bales, round bales are counted as half bales. The report to the same date last year covered 812 counties, as against 737 this year. The report for the present year covers the output of 29,657 ginneries, while 29.527 were included in tho report for 1903. The product of tho different States for this year, in running bales, reported to December 13th, is as follows: Alabama. 1,296,915; Arkansas, 769,186; Florida, 75.283; Georgia, 1,795,797; Indian Territory, 433,755; Kentucky. 1,252; Louisiana, 870,518; Mississippi, 1,405,458; Missouri, 36,444; N. Carolina, 657,195; Oklahoma, 294,041; South Carolina. 1,083.756; Tennessee, 271,235; Texas 2,982,819; Virginia 14,960. Burning Their Cotton. Macon, Ga.. Special.?A special to nviA??.QnVi trnm Pnvt HflinPc 1UC icicgiapu 1IW4M * w* V VM?.?vr ? W , says the farmers and merchants of Clay county met Wednesday at Fort Gaines and decided to burn their share of two million bales of surplus cotton. A starter was ma.de when a bon-fire was made of cotton on the streets of Fort Gaines. It is not yet determined where It will stop. They have decided ; to set the pace and are moving deter- ! mineuiy. A large crowd paraded with wild whoops and yells and much spec- j tacular ceremony. The object is to show that the farmers are ready to sacrifice a few bales for the benefit of the masses. The fire is still burning and excitement is increasing. Cotton Buyer Suicides. Barnesville. Ga., Special.?J. B. Harrison, a prominent cotton buyer an I brother of J. M. Harrison, of Forsythe, fatally shot himself at 4 o'clock this afternoon in his room at the Magnolia Inn, the ball entering just above the : right ear and lodging in the brain. | Heavy losses on cotton contracts led j to the act. ' T-TI-. IonXha. orA oetlmotn/1 Q t flhOIlt ma lUSdtra aic wv $25,000. He has been despondent for the past few days and this afternoon bought a pistol from a hardware store. Immediately thereafter, seeing the figures giving the close of the market for Wednesday he went to his room and shot himself. He was 45 years old and stood well among the people here. Besides the losses sustained he had considerable property and money left, amounting to $12,000 or $15,000. a Two Killed by Falling Tree. Macon, Ga., Special?A special to The Telegraph from Ellijay, Ga., says that William Cantrell and Joe Chastine were killed and a brother of Chastine's seriously injured near Burnt Mountain by a falling tree. The tree was blown by a high wind across a small frame house in which the men were sitting at the time. Eminent Scholar* in Chicago. Chicago, 111., Special.?Some of the i-^ost eminent historians, political scientists and economists in the United States are in attendance at fJie convention of the Americai\_ liistorl cal, the America" ,?fomic and the American * - .ai Science Associa^ -*xich opened here at the Uni^,-cisity of Chicago. The programmes include several joint sessions of the three associations. Among the speakers are President Harper, of Chicago University; Prof. F. J. Goognow, of ihe Political Science Association; A!tred T. Mahan, tb * naval authority and others. New Orleans Excited. New Orleans, Special.?With the reading of the ginners' report on the cotton exchange Wednesday cotton slumped 47 to 55 points. Extraordinary excitement attended the break. The market was hammered with great energy. After the first excitement the market grew quieter, though the decline was not arrested. January cotton went to 6.40, which is a decline of about 4 cents during the last three months. DEPORT IS UPHELD Government Officials Claim Accuracy For Cotton Figures BURLESON SIOES WITH BUkEAU Director North Sets Forth His Position in a Letter to the Texas Member, of Congress at Whose Instance the Provision Was Insterted jn the Census Act Says the Bureau Cannot Compete With the Proposed Ginners Association and That Speculators' High Estimate Would Again Prevail?Mr. Burleson Expresses His and Senator Baileys Concurrente. Washington, Special.?Director of the Census North, in a letter to Representative Burleson, made public, takes notice of the situation presented by the cotton statistics given out for publication Thursday and expresses his surprise and concern at the recent alleged movement in the Southern States "apparently approved and augmented by the cotton growers themselves," to destroy the census reports by concerted refusal of the ginners to make returns. Director North asserts that a continu- ' ance of the cotton ginning reports is Impossible without the systematic and whole-hearted co-operation of the ginners of the South. Immediately after the receipt of the letter, Mr. Burleson, a member of the House census committee, and the author of the provision making appropriation for the gathering of cotto^statistics, gave out an interview in which he upholds the director in the work now being done by his bureau. The letter is as follows: "Washington, Dec. 1904. "Hon. Albert S. Burleson, House of Representatives. "My. Dear Sir: It seems proper to invite your attention to certain anomalous conditions which confront the Census Office in carrying out the provisions of section 9 of the act to establish a permanent Census Office, directing the Deriodical collection of the statistics of cotton production through the agency of the ginnere. This provision was inserted in the law at your urgent request and that of other Southern Representatives on the plea that it was necessary for the protection of the cotton producers against the speculators and others interested in depressing the price of the staple for their own profit. It was stated that enormous losses resulted from the untrustworthy estimates put forth every year by speculators and agents of the Liverpool market and that early and trustworthy official information regarding the size of the crop would protect the grower, disarm the speculator and market manipulator, and permit the law of supply and demand to regulate the price. ACCURACY UNQUESTIONED. "Since the law was passed, Congress has appropriated and this office has disbursed more than $ 125,000 a year in the collection and dissemination of this information. The system has been gradually perfected until it has become more flgarlv perfect than any similar plan for obtaining exact knowledge of the size of any agricultural crop during the progress of harvesting. "No complaint has been made that the census reports are not accurate; indeed, for a year or two past, we have AKIA tA tror-n V?A Prnn CA plno^lv Utc 11 auic IU II U'.U V LAV/ VI W|Z DU vivwvi^ that practically every bale has been accounted for. "The statistics increase in value every year; for it becomes possible, by comparison of the statistics of one year with those of the same date in proceeding years, to judge the size of successive crops with an accuracy never before known or approximated. "The ginning reports of the Census Office have crowded out the speculative and interested estimates referred in. and the single object which the Southern Representatives had In view in urging this legislation has been successfully accomplished. GINNERS' MOVE DEPRECATED. "In view of these facts, I have been surprised and conserned at the present movement in the Southern States, which is apparently approved and augmented by the cotton growers them A. /taneiio beiTes, IU ucauuj cue v.vuouo w, by tbe concerted refusal of the ginners to make the returns upon which they are based. Thus far the movement has not ser?ously afTected our work, but if it continues and spreads, It will necessarily destroy its value during the coming year. It appears to have been suddenly discovered that these reports, undertaken solely at the demand of the cotton grower, are hi*hlv detrimental to his interests. Mr. E. F. Webber, president of the Memphis cotton exchange, is quoted a3 declaring that 'the cotton interests of the South have everything to lose and nothing to gain by their continuance; they put the manufacturing Inte ^3ts in possession of information tha? is beneficial.' V??? Koon /tailor! tr> thft MJ ttllCJllll/U uoo UVVU so-called "National Cotton Ginners" Association," the purpose of which is stated to be "to gather accurate and reliable information regarding the amount of cotton produced, in advance of the government report. 'It also appears that "this information is to be sent in code and the members of the association will be sworn not to divulge it' The information . is still highly desirable, but possession of it is to be restricted to those who grow and gin the cotton. New Bureau Chief. Washington, Special. ? President Roosevelt has appointed J. Hampton Moore, of Philadelphia, chief of the Bureau of Manufacturers of the Department of Commerce and Labor. Mr. Moore is president of the National League of Republican Clube and was formerly city treasurer of Philadelphia. He has accepted the appointment and will enter upon the discharge of his duties about the first of the year. Humor Todav ~ Hard Grab. 'Twae a lot of shipwrecked sailon? They had eaten all their stuff, Rn f hfv tried to eat the tender. \ * . But they found it far too touzh. ?Philadelphia Bulletin*. *^8 An Inference. *.' - : May?"His fiancee is quite wealthy.'* > Belle?"How do you know?" May?"I judge from her looks."? New York Press. . . m HI* Anei-1. Figg (pointing)?"That woman saved my fortune for me." Trigg?"How?" Figg?"Jilted me."?Judge. | Not In s Harry to Die. Maude?"Don't you kuow that tig- * arettes are a slow poison?" Ferdy?"Well, do you suppose % want to die in a hurry ?"?Louisville Courier-Jourual. '.CRT" Fatly Armed, "No," said Minerva as she sprang fully armed from the brain of Jove. "No, what?" rueried Jove. "I'll never be taken for the Yeuos de Milo."?Houston Tost. On the Ocean Liner. "He's been running after that glrl> for six months." "Why don't he stop?" "He's afraid If he dees she'll be running after him."?Judge. (M An Inducement. Tired Mother (to restless child)? "Now you set still! I've druv you ten miles to eniov this entertainment and you shall enjoy it, if I have to pull every hair out of your head."?Life. Sia Friend or Matrimony. "What do you thiuk of this plan to / forbid the marriage of weak-minded peop'e?" "I don't approve of it; without marriage the world would go to the dogs."" y -Houston Post. '"'{?? In With a Plant?. "I wish to enter and take an actlvft ? part in the battle of life. What would you advise me to do?" "Get married," wrote the editor of ? the "Replies to Queries" ">lumn.?Fort Worth Record. * Hi* Conclusions. "I'm afraid, Johnny," said the Son- i day-school teacher, rather sadly, "that | I shall never meet you in the better s land." "Why? What have you been doinf ; ,/*?' now Pick-Me-Up. His Idea of Trouble. Policeman?'"Was that big guy who' w^s talking to you looking for trou- . bier Cutting Hintz?"Yes; he wanted know where the marriage licenses issued."?Comic Cuts. More Cauie For Solemnity. Father (who has been called upon In ? the city and asked for his daughter's hand)?"Louise, do you know what a solemn thing It is to be married?" Louise?"Oh, yes, pa; but it is a gootf deal more solemn being single."?Judy. Revised. Pincher?"I believe in that old saying about taking care of the pennies. You know it, don't you?" Spenders?"Oh, yes. Take care of the pennies and the dollars will take . care of your heirs."?Philadelphia Press, . . True Friendship. Harold?"My trusted and bosom* friend, Jack Armstrong, has cut me out in the affections of Dolly Giddygurl! What do you think of that?" Jerrold?"Why, I think that's the kind of a friend to have, old chap!"?* Puck. .Tn?t Why He la a Tratpp. Charitable Old Lady?'Bui why do <, s you go tramping through the country, like this, my poor man?" The Vagrant?"Well, mum, the truth. Is, I've heard that these 'ere Pullman cars is rather stuffy."?Glasgow Evening Times. IJttlo Woman's Query. Ethel?"Pa, why does Uncle Frank, always say, 'Beware of the widows? " Pa?"Because, my child, widows aresupposed to be expert in catching husbands." . ? T ? If T'll Jtttnei?"uracious; x .tuuu?. <> ._ have to be a widow before I can get married?"?Philadelphia Press. i - By Bo Meana. "Five dollars,said the medium? "thanks. Now a spirit wishes to spes^aj^^ to you; a female spirit; would you it materialized?" "Er?can you tell who it is?" "Certainly! It is your mother-in* law." i "Oh, no. Here's another $5. Don't* ?Fort Worth Record. - - d 4 V.'-'y 'J . .Ta