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, ? ,v > ' <u s - SPAKfSWABFIJSTSAILS Most Formidable Array That Has s | _ Yet Lett For the West Indies. STANDING BY THE PRESIDENT. I : Spain Called On to Grant Independence . to Cnba?She Asked Time and Proseeded to Mobilize Her Ships and Started Three Westward ? Lenders I and the President In rail Accord. Washington, D. C. (Special).?Tho Navy Department has received a dispatch saying .that throe Spanish warships have left Car 'tagena, Spain, westward bound. The news of the sailing of this fleet caused a great deal of excitement at the ;Navy Department. Naturally there was a disposition to criticise the action of Spain .in thl3 particular, in view of tho many peace protestations thai have been made by that country, and such action was regarded as anything but a friendly move. The information of the sailing of the j Spanish fleet was contained in a dispatch to the State Department from United iStates Minister Woodford at Madrid. Ehe 9hips sailed from Cartagena, a Spanh naval station on the Mediterranean iSea, and, according to tho Minister's {dispatch, they were headed "westjirard." This, it is said, Is undoubtedly Jthe most formidable array of vessels that 'has departed from Spain in this direction during the present crisis, and the presumption generally held by the Nuvy Department officials is that they are headed ultimately for Havana, and will be first heard of at the Canaries. The fleet is com^posed of two armored cruisers of the sec'ond class, under the convoy of a formidable torpedo boat destroyer. The names of the cruiser* are tho Infaata M:trla Teresa, a sister ship to the Vizcaya, which visited New York preliminary to her trip to Ha vans, waero sue now is, anu me i>ruuuu<u Colon. The departure of this armored flying aquadrnn, including the two heaviest fast cruisers and the most formidable torpedo jgunboat in home waters, is considered & serious menace to the American fleet at | Key West and one that the United States cannot ignore. In any event, the composition of this fleet is such as to render its movements more interesting to the United ( States than the progress of the torpedo ttotilla which is now on the Atlantic and expected at San Juan do Porto Rico. . * i CONCRESS ACREED TO WAIT. An Attempt to Force Action For a Free j Cuba Defeated. Wxshiwgtox, D. C. (Special).?A Cuban torm broke in the House Wednesday and passed over without affecting the situation. Representative Bailey, the leader of the minority, attempted to secure immediate action on a resolution acknowledging the Independence of Cuba. He was ruled out jof order by Speaker Reed, and an appeal from that decision was lost bv a vote of 179 to 139. Mr. Bailey's ^resolution was as fol- j lows: > "Besolvod, By 'the 8enate and House of !Bepresentatives, That the heroic struggle OI tUe UUDan people against iorce ui nruis land the horrors of famine has shown them worthy to be free; and, l * "Second, The United States hereby recogL aires the republic of Cuba as a free and In& dependent State." | V ' The reading of the document was listened to with profound attention, ami the minute it olosed the gallery and the House burst forth with cheers and applause. Mr. Bailey, la speaking against the point of order raised, claimod Immediate action on the resolution, on the ground that it was a question of the highest privilege. After various speeches the Chair announced bis decision, quoting many precedents. The Speaker said the question of "war and independence did cot constitute a question of privilege, and would not, he thought, aV*any time, except in times of great excitement. On this decision an appeal was taken, and on motion to lay the appeal on the the table a yea and nay vote was called; "With the result of a majority of forty In favor of sastaining the Speaker. THE PRESIDENT'S ULTIMATUM. HI* Proposals to Spain Look to the Freedom of Cuba. Washington, D. C. (Special).?The decision that the Cuban question shall come to a head at once was brought about by au agreement between members of Congress and tbe President. The President, alarmed by the manifestations of restivencss under his policy, had conferences with representative members of the two houses, and asked that Congress should refrain from taking action on rthe Cuban question untii Spain's answer should be received. The Congressmen assented to the request. Tho President has made certain propositions to the Madrid Government, the precise nature of which has not been disclosed, contemplating the freedom and independence of Cuba. These propositions sr* receiving consideration in Madrid, and some sort of Immediate answer to them is to be given Minister Woodford. If it is not satisfactory an ultimatum may be sent to Spain, giving her forty-eight hours to come to our terms. To Purchase Danish Islands. Washutotos, D. C. (8peclal).?Preliminary steps were taken by the Committee on Foreign Relations for the purchase of the Danish Islands in the West India gronp. It is urged that they bare a great strategio value and would serve as admirable coaling stations for this country In case of war with Spain. Senator Lodge Is * - preparing a report to support his measure for the acquirement of tbe islands. Mobilising Spain's Fleet. Madrid, Spain (By Cable).?Orders havo been issued to mobilize all the Spanish warships, and a second torpedo squadron is being prepared for sea at Cadiz. The Balearic Islands are being fortified and military engineers are starting for the Canary Islands. Queen Aiki Europe'# Aid. London, England (By Cable).?a despatch from Vienna gives some particulars of Queen Regent Christina's communications to the Czar. Emperor Francis Joseph, and other sovereigns. Her Majesty did not precisely request intervention in behalf of Spain, bat asked the several sovereigns to exercise snch influence at Washington as would conduce to a peaceful settlement of the trouble without injury to Spain's dignity and vital interests. She says the surrender of Cuba would Injure the dynasty of whloh she is the guardian for the King. Revoking Weyier'e Order. Washington, 4D. C. (8pecial).?TheSpan^. lsh Government advised its Minister in Washington that the eastern provinces in Cuba are so far pacified that it will permit the reoonoentradoes to return to their homes, till the soil, and will help them with money to get a fresh start in life. From Madrid comes news that Captain-General Blanco has been given nearly $600,000 for use in helping these recoacentradoes. Independent Telephones In lows. About twenty Independent telephone companies In Iowa have just organized a State association. J . M" ' I " ' V- \ ? THE NEWS EPITOMIZED. W.iihincton Itomt, Tho Naval bill providing for the cons!ruction of three battleships and twenty-Ieur torpedo vessels passed tho llouso. The Postofilce Department was notified that Postmaster W. W. Guinor. of Winslow, Ark., bad committed suicide. His accounts, which were being examined, were found to be 6C00 .short. In the House tho Naval Appropriation bill being under consideration, Mr. Johnson (Rap., Ind.) made a plea for peace, which was received with hisses by the occupants of the galleries. Joint resolutions recognising the independence of the Republic of Cuba, some of them providing also for the intervention of tho United States, wc-ro introduced in the House Wednesday by Representatives Broderick, of Kansas; Wheeler, of Alabama; Adamson, of Georgia; Muhany, of New York: Bailey, of Texas, and Todd, of Michigan. The act for the relief of tho sufferers by the Maine disaster has been approved by ; the President. Secretary Alger sent to Congress n rc- | quest for an inercaso in the number ot j hospital stewards in tno army irom itj, the maximum now fixed l>y law, to 115. The request is made on the urgent recommendation of Surgeon-Gensral Sternberg. General Blanco in a message to Wnshington declared that the presence of American correspondents in Cuba raakea the situation nr.ore critical. Captain Sigsbee returned to his home in Washington and was warmly welcomed, lie spent much of the day with Secretary ! Long, who took liiai to the White House. Domestic. Common Councilman Charles Soger. Select Councilman J. Emery Eryam. and Nelson G. Green, attorney for the Schuyl- i kill Valley Water Company, were arrested j in Philadelphia, charged with bribery, and i placed under heavy bonds. Bank Examiner Hardt testified before | United States Commissioner Edmunds, in ; Philadelphia, that the Chestnut Street Bank was wrecked on account of overdrafts by William 31. Singerly. A fl^et of l>arj?e3 in t!io Ohio Rivor carrying coa! for the Navy from Pittsburg to the Gulf has been ordered to proceed with al! ' speed. James Allen, of Eochestor, X. T., and Glen Sherburne, of Ontario, were frozen to death in an open boat on Lake Ontario, near Sodus Point, a few days ago. Arnout Cannon, an architect, and prom- . i inent Mason of Poughkeopsie, X. Y., killed ; I himself while ill and in fear of becoming j insane. I Because Bertha Spleglo would not marry j hira, William Ilillman, a farmer near Fitts"burg, Penh., shot and killed her, and cut his own throat with a razor. The girl was I flfte?n years old and refused Hiliman on j account of her youth. At tho Xew York Conference in Xew York , City of the Methodist Episcopal Church ; patriotic hymns were sung with wild cnj thnsiasm and talk of war was cheered. Vt.nn.il tnn'I.M r\t intnn fifttftl nt thn .Metropolitan Opera House. Now York City, furnished one of the most remarkable demonstrations ever seen in New York. Work on three more of the old monitors i in the League Island Navy Yard, Pliiladelphia, will begin at onee. The Senate at Albany, N. Y., killed the $7,000,000canal bill. It was announoed that 8. R. Callaway, President of the Lako Shoie Railroad, will succeed Chauneoy M. Depew as President of the New York Central on April 20, when Mr. Depew will beoome Chairman of the Boards of Directors of the Yanderbilt lines. The Central Cuban Relief Committee has decided to charter a vessel to carry supplies to the island, as the present means of transportation are inadequate to dispose of the provisions coming from all parts of the country. The annua^New York ^onferenoe of the Methodist Episcopal church new its ninety-ninth session in the Metropolitan Temple, New York City. A resolution of loyalty to the President In his policy in the present crisis was unanimously adopted. Dr. A. 8. Lesser, of the Red Cross Society, returned to New York from Cubs. Ho confirms the stories of starvation among the reooncentrados. At least fourteen persons were killed and much loss of property resulted from a cyclone that strack Lehigh and Coalgate In Indian Territory and mowed a path about half a mile wide almost toSouth McAlester. ; The families of four farmers were de- j stroyed. Democrats made winnings at the West- i Chester (N. Y.) town elections, some Roi publicans proclaiming their disagreement j with the National Administration's action j toward Spain and Cuba. The People's Bank of Philadelphia was : announced to be short more than $1,000,000. President McManes declared he personally would pay all depositors. Commander Marix. Judge Advocate of the Maine court, returned to the Vermont, at New York. Tlio Texas and the Dolphin nro being j rapidly put in fighting trim at the Brook- | Jyn Navy Yard, A man named Cbnte came from Chicago and spent (500 In Long Island City "gre?n goods." One ot the gang has been ldenj tided and is held for trial, j Andrew Bossert was shot and instantly : killed In Brooklyn by Marfin Hans, who i found him In his rooms at night and mistook his fellow tenant for a burglar. Ester K. Woodbury, eighty years old, of Springfield, Mass., was killed by a train wnile riding his bicycle lu Portchester, N. Y. ) A burning coal bed, covering several , miles In extent from twenty-flve to three . hundred feet below the surface, was found by prospectors in the western part of South , Dakota. The bed shows indications of I having smouldered for yeaxs. I Tannoa W Dn aKnnnn n nMn/fnanhai* r\9 v auivo iiuvuBuau, ? giuuuuv|/uv ? vi former President Buchanan, was run down by a train and killed in the Pennsylvania Railroad yard in Altoona, Penn. The body was discovered by his wife. In New York because Mrs. Theodore Cerny refused to give him food, Joseph Skoda shot her in the eye, wounded her husband and then killed himself. The Austrian warship Donau arrived from Havana and anchored in the North River otr Forty-second street, New York. Karl Woxen, the Consul-General at New York for Norway and Sweden, has disappeared. Vice-Consul Ravn believes his I mind is affected, but a cable from Christ! iaDln calls for his arrest on thepresumpj tion of embezzlement. Forelcn. The German cruiser Gazelle was launched at Kiel and christened by Prince Henry of , Prussia. j Mrs. Delia Tudor Parnell's body was i buried beside that of her son, Charles ' Stewart Parnell, in Glasnevin Cemetery, ! near Dublin, Ireland, j' Arthur Orton, the Tichborne claimant died of syncope in London, England. Mr. Curzon announced In the British House of Commons that Russia hadpromIsed that Port Ai'.hur and Tallen-Wan, if leased to Russia, would be open to foreign trade on the same basis as other Chinese ports. j The Rnsslan press says that Russia has i taken China indirectly under her protection. ' Tho Kynoehs of Birmingham, England, have undertaken to deliver 200 huge proIpoUles weekly to Spain. -.?>> j ... -A, 7^ it * ? ' ? - - j. '. 4 ; * iHjTir An Announcement From the President of Clemson College. WRITE FOR INFORMATION. Court of Instruction is to Be Arranged So as to Present Thoroetical and Practical Agriculture. I ? The following has been iasaed by the president of Clemson College: Farmers' institutes will be held in as many counties as practicable from the present time until next September, Last year twenty-three institutes were held in South Carolina. As a rule the meetings held last year were largely at- ! tended and thoroughly appreciated, j The object of the farmers' institutes is i to diffuse knowledge of the most scien- j tific and practical methods of agriculture. The court of instruction shall be j arranged so as to present to those in ! attendance the results of the most recent investigations in theroetical and practical agriculture, and so far as ; possible to make the subjects discussed 1 at each institute meet the special needs of the locality where it is held. In other States where institutes havo 1 L-IJ maniT rnnTU ueou u?iu rnguian * iui uBUJ j VJ? .. .u_ most gratifying results are evident. They have fostered friendly relations among the planters themselves; they have aroused a desire for a more liberal education of the boys and girls as a means to higher success and happiness on the farm; they have awakeneda pro fessioual pride in the science of farm- ! ing; they havo opened up new uvcnues of opportunity; they have given the farmer a clearer recognition of his duties and privileges. ?onih Carolina cannot afford to neglect her farmers' institutes. The scope and character of j the work should be broadened year after year. In order to work towards this desir.v ble end, the professors of Clcmson College have prepared an attractive proEamine of lectures for this year's work. . an institute is desired in any community, those interested are reouested , to write for full information and par- ! ticulars. As it is to our mutual interest to have dates arranged as early as praticable, we suggest that applications bo sent in at once. Bespectfully, Hen'bv S. Hartzoo, President. No Campaign in Case of War. The Columbia correspondent of the j News and Conrier, of a recent date, had this to say: "The war talk is taking up more of the public's attention just now than the political situation. The general impression is that if there ! should be a war there will be no campaign, and that politics will be allowed to jog along, and that there will he no political contests. This is baspd upon the presumption that the people will devote themselves to the war instead of to politics. The general publio seems almost to have forgotten that the conventions will begin on the 14th when the Prohibition Convention will be held. This is the great unknown problem of the political situation, and judgiug from the fondling which the movement is receiving in certain quarters there must be something in the cold water movement It is noted that none of the "leaders" have made fun of the Prohibition movement as > was the case several vears a go." Was Not Unanimous. The statement that the business men of Charleston approve of President Mckinley's course is indignantly denied by many men for whom the resolutions are supposed to speak. The statement ! that the resolutions passed unanimously naturally excited the surprise of many people, but there was a considerable number who placed little credence in the reports given out of the meet- ' ings. The Charleston business men are not anxious for war, but there are very few of them to be found who are willing to approve McKiDley's conduct of affairs in the present crisis. The administration has been much criticized here aud the business men of the city are the parties who are indulging in most of the criticism.?Charleston correspondent Columbia State. Clippings and Culling*. Bamberg is to have a bonded warehouse; also Anderson. Columbia's Spring Floral and Horse Show will be held on the 21sl The Citadel Academy has re-instated the fire cadets recently suspended for breaking garrison. Judge Ernest Gary has moved to Columbia. The requests from the several bars in his circuit is responsible for the move. Columbia is soon to have a strong local building and loan association. Capital $200,000. At Anderson, twenty-two of her citizens recently put their names to a roll to volunteer and fight for Cuban liberty. The grading of the Carolina Midland road has been completed and the iron is being placed on the last six miles leading into Batesburg. At Charleston, in the Court of Common Pleas, T. (Jt. Pisher. was awarded $5,000 damages against the ^outh Carolina and Georgia Railroad. He sued for $15,000. Noah Richardson, a colored man residing near Bowman's was shot and in-* stantly killed. The shotting was done through a crack in the house. No cause cau be assigned for the act. Ko Yellow Fever Scare. Southern people generally refuse to be alarmed by the prediction of a Washington pnysiolan that yellow fever will return with hot weather. They say that their past experience shows that the fever does not come two years in immediate succession. New Hampshire's Lumber Output. The New Hampshire lumber output this season Is said to be the smallest for twenty years past. Paper manufacturers say that there Is not enough to supply the pulp required, and that prices will have to be raised. / , WORK ON THE ISLAND. 1 | Placing Guns Rapidly?Getting Moul- | I trie and Sumter Ready. In the event of war or peace the island is to be a notable place this spring and summer. A visit to Moultrieville, says the News and Courier, revealed the fact that the blue coats are very much in evidence and that they are getting the new forts in fighting trim very rapidly. The contractors having completed their part of the work, the tram tracks, with the exception of one short line to the front wharf and another to the landing at the back, are being taken up and all store housos, trestles and scaffolds are being cleared away. A big gang is at work on the guns and the third of the 10-inch rifles will be ready for action in two or three days. The emplacements and carriages for the fourth are nearly ready. And now it seems that old Moultrie is to be pressed into active service if there should be trouble. A large force of laborers was at work on the old fort levelling down tne eartnwora 10 me brick wall at the southeast corner, and this was said to be preparation for the mounting of several light calibre guns, presumably for use at short range. Work is being pushed at Fort Sumter and the emplacements for big rifles will be ready very soon. About fifty men are employed in getting the timber and concrete foundations prepared and the 12-inch guns are expected within a few days. It was understood that some trouble had been experienced in getting contractors to bid for the carrying of the guns over to Sumter when they arrive, but this will no doubt be overcome. CUBAN FRIENDS OF THE SOUTH Confederacy's Handsomest Battle h lag Presented by Ladles. A Laurens letter to tne lireenvuie News fays: "By the way, there were some friends of the South in Cuba during our little war. I thick it was the ludies of Matanzas who sent to Gen. Hampton in 1863, the handsomest battle flag ever eeen in this country. When the Hampton legion, infantry, commanded by Gary, passed through Co- ! lumbia in 1863 on the way with Longstreet to Chicamaugo. Gen. Hampton was in Columbia, his head covered with green sabre woands, came to the depot with a party of ladies and presented this flag to his old infantry command. This flag survived the war. It was the splendid banner made of silks from dresses worn by members of the Hampton family daring the Revolution and presented by Jefferson Davis at Richmond, under which Lieut Col. Johnson was killod at Mana^as, was destroyed with Gen. Hampton's house by incendiary rascals in 1876. Old soldiers in the legion who are in yoar coanty will j recall these incidents. The flag presentation referred to above as occurring at Richmond took place near that classic ground called "Rockets," where the falls end on the James. Davis was then in good health* his speech occupied about 20 minutes and referred to the heroic heart of South Carolina in the Revolution. For grace of action, beauty of expression and soldiery bearing, nothing conld exceed the impression made by Mr. Davis upon this occasion. Nature in physical endowment of Mr. Davis had used as delioate a hand as in the endowment of his intellectual and moral character. And yet a generation might come in South Car-i olraa which would ignore Davis and j Hami ton, the two solendid figures in the little incident above recalled." PALMETTO STATE ECHOES. The following items of news are cnlled from the News and Courier's able correspondents at the following points: Saluda. It may be especially interesting to some South Carolinians at this time to know that William Jennings Bryan has many kinsmen within her borders. Throughout this county, famous for Geat men, are numerous families reted olosely to the great leader of the Democratio party. His grandfather was born about eight miles east of this town, and some sixty years ago moved to Illinois. Many older citizens distinctly remember Tyre Jennings and easily recall many of his characteristic traits. Camden. The prospect of another railroad to Camden, via Cheraw, is received with pleasure. Camden would welcome this road. It would give a direct route to the North and would doubtless bring many more Northern tourists here ... The'war reports for the past few days excited much interest ii* Camden. Many people from the rural districts are also aroused. It is reported as a positive fact that one fellow who was spoiling for a tight came to town with an old musket, and a ham. Ha sold the ham for the cash in order to get some money with which to repair his musket, and get some buckshot for the "old lady." He said that he had "hearn tell that Tillman was pushing the war on, and ef it did start he was agwine inter it" Sumter. The license tax fight is coming to a head at last, and within a short time the anti-tax crowd will know ^positively whether they will have to pay the penalty and costs added, or escape entirely. On March 29th the city clerk and treasurer, acting under orders from the council, issued executions against all license tax delinquents, and plaoed tne paper in the "hands of the sheriff for service. As soon as the sheriff begins to levy under the execntions the attorneys of the anti-license combination 'will apply to the courts for an injunction as a preliminary to bringing the case up on its merits. Thero will be two or more test cases made.... Major W. F. B. Haynesworth, who controls a i large amount of property in the town of Bishopville, the county seat of Lee county, has given two acres of land for a location for the court house and jail, and the commissioners for the new county have acoepted the donation.... A 9-year-old boy fell in a well on the place of Mr. T. J. Baker, a few miles from Mayesville, recently and was drowned. Not all modern "Improvements'* are Improvements really. For Instance, a fellow can't spend nearly as much time as used to be the rule In putting on a pretty girl's skates, and making sure that all the straps and buckles were absolutely right. \ . / ' : ; J*t " . ' * ' ^ ? x~ Fralt Growing; on Hill Lands; Some of the best fruit in all sections of the country comes from the hill districts, where both climatic condi4"5/\ria ?ti<1 nr\il tiaam to nrnmnlfl oar tainty of crop ami fine quality of fruit. Hills bordering running water have rich surface soil, with porous subsoil resting on lime rocks that are slowly disintegrating, and a natural drainage. But location, however good, is not sufficient. Orcharding requires diligent, patient work, knowledge of when, why and how to spray, and how to secure protection from enemies. Never allow trees to bear fully. Thinning is one of the pest possible practices, thereby getting less fruit, but of far better grade. ?L. Gieger, in New England Homestead. Three Cropa In a Greenhouse.'' Boston greenhouse gardeners often follow the last crop of lettuce with a crop of beets and radishes. Good radIn A (n f A Wrt _ lau seen, is luijiui u?uv. a. xawura ??riety of beets is the Egyptian. The seed is started in hotbeds and trans* planted into houses about the first of May. Beets are set four by eight and radishes one inch apart between the beet rows. The care of the beets and radishes is very much the same as if grown outdoors after the plants are set. Rows of cucumbers ore often set along the edges of the beet and radish beds and trained on trellises overhead. The encumbers do not shade tho other crops much before they are pulled and out of the way.?American Agriculturist. New Corn Prodact at none Feed. In some tests made recently at the Maryland experiment station to determine the value of cornstalks from which the pith had been removed, it was shown that this fodder fed to horses as a substitute for hay was eaten with a relish after the animals became accustomed to it and was better digested than timothy hay. - - * m 3 J Alter tne pita nas oeen removed irom the cornstalk what remains is groand fine. The blades and hnsks may be included and they may not. Horses in the habit of consuming mixed feeds take more readily to this ration than those previously receiving nothing but whole feeds. Horses which ate this new corn product continuously for five months consumed more of it at the end of the time than at the beginning. This is satisfactory evidence that the feed is good for horses and can replace hay. Peed For breeding Ewes. Breeding ewes have not only"Jto keep up their own animal heat and energy and provide for the growing foet us within them,bat they have also to make growth of wool on their own bodies. That they do not always get enough of the right kind of food for all these purposes is shown by the fact that the wool from ewes is less valuable than that from an equal weight of wool fi 'm wethers or ewes thnt nr? not bred. Possibly some weakness of the fiber is inevitable in that which is produced while ewes are dropping their young, when there is naturally more or less fever. But the wool may be made much better if the ewes are given succulent food to keep their digestion good and bran mashes, which are just what are needed, not only for making the wool, but also to produce a thrifty and vigorous lamb, which is also born with uiqtq or less wooly covering when its dam must furnish from the food given her. Intensive Farming. If farmers who delight in owning and working large areas could see the crops taken from small plots by the truckers near New York City, they would receive an object lesson in intensive farming which would be effectual. On Long Island and in New Jersey especially, there are dozens of patches, not farms, which, with the aid of a few hotbeds, are made to pay high rents and support large families. The soil is kept to the highest point of fertility, every inch of it is thoroughly cultivated and every advantage is taken of the lav of the land. 0 - - - r From tlie first day that the weather will permit the soil being worked until the ground is finally used for celery blanching, it is constantly employed in crop production; it is no unusual sight to see half a dozen men industriously at work on an acre or two of ground. It is the same principle the florist applies to plant and flower growing. If his benches yield but one crop of plants or blossoms during the year, his business is a failure. Every square foot of it must yield two or more crops for a profitable year's work. ?Orange Judd Farmer. Use of IIumua-Formlng Material. The claim of Southern farmers that clover, cow-peas, weeds and other green manorial plants turned under dry, rather than green, give better results, is well founded. Green manuring has been practised for centuries in Europe and for some years in our Northern States, and valuable results have accrued from such a course. But for the last few years farmers and scientific men have differed upon the plans of turning under these green crops. Our best Southern farmers are almost unanimous in preferring to turn under the crops when dry than when green. Necessity may have at first brought about the plan of turning under the crops after they had become matured or dry, and this necessity j *' " ' * -*w Jfeii;? ' > X . ' ..v, msmuiB MinnMiMi^Bt S| aBdcnaact ggaagnt* ?i=sPCTyr?r,35Bramagl ^ may have been the means of demon straung tuat it was more prontaoie bo to do. ' } The mysteries "offNatureV labor** tory stored in the soil are hard to understand in plant life. The same coil will produce a root that is nutrition# and healthful to man and beast, and at the same time one that is poisonous to both. You may graft a sour apple on a sweet stock, and the same tree will produce both sweet and sour apples. Bo it is with the changes that take place in the soil in turning under r green and dry substances. The advocates of turning under our crops when dry claim that the fermentation that takes place when green crops are turned under is different from that of the dry substances: that the green crops sonr the land, and unless lime is used it is an injury and not a benefit to some. Then the crops are green in August, and they claim that lands turned up and exposed to the hot snn are injured. This is true, as a cotton crop which requires late ploughing and ' <5 close culture is more injnrious to our lands than a corn crop. .Some of our best farmers report an actnal injury in yield of crops where cow peas ware turned under green in August. But all agree that peas sown in land and turned under late in the fall, when dry, do benefit the lands.?B. 2>. Lumsden, in Farm, Field and Fireside. OrJ;in and Care of Lice In Stock. - ^ Dr. D. M'lntosh of the University of 'Illinois writes: Beth cattle and * horses are liable to be disturbed by the residence of at least three species or varieties of what ore ordinarily ^ known as lioe. Two of these are individuals of separate families of the same order, and the third is an acci- ' dental visitant received by coining in ~ contact with ponltry or from poultry roosting or frequenting the stable of the horse. The lice known as hsema- | topinus equi and vitula are true blood- . , . suckers. The other, the triohodectee, lives among the hair and on the sain, irritating by its presence, not finding yi its food supply from the blood direct, bnt in the exnvia of the structure*.. The hsematopinus causes much more, irritation than the trichodectes and can be easily distinguished by its narrow and distinct chest-bearing three pain ' of legs, and the triangular head armed V with a tubulous haustellum. Then vjg lice are usually found on animals thai ,, are neglected or su?fering from porertyor disease and want of proper ' x shelter. Debility seems to be the predisposing cause, rendering the ani- $ mal a proper habitant for the progagation and development of these par* asites. While the inroads of the pool* try lice are regulated by the oondition of the poultry houap or rooats and their proximity to the barn, they el- . tack all classes of horses, bat seem to have preference for those which ore a! work and in good condition. Horses and cattle my have a few ' r lice on them for some time and no * great disturbance will be observed.;* But as the number of lice increase*; the animal will soon show signs of uneasiness, rnb himself and in some, v cases will rub off the hair, abrading, r the skin, or the skin itself may.undergo a change and vesicular eruptions appear, no doubt caused by the rub-, bing. It is different in the case ot poultry lice. Its commencement is instantaneous. All at once the horse! is seized with violent itohing; so end-! den and irresistible is the desire the' animal possesses to scratch himself that he is not easy for a moment. Hoi will rub himself against any resisting body near him, stamp the ground,! kick and bite himself. An eruption of small vesicles often appears on the skin, some solitary, others in pafeehee* There are succeeded by a failing o^ of the epidermis and hair, leaving. * small, perfectly circular, bare surfaoej from the size of a pea to that of silver quarter. The formation of thesef spots goes on rapidly, so that a borsa ' with a fine shining coat may in a few % days be spotted alLover. The trouble! does not seem t#* interfere with the animal's health, notwithstanding the violent itching and excitement which is experienced. Bat if it is of long continuance the subject will be apt tat fall off in flesh and appetite and grow* thin and lose his condition for work! from gradual wasting of his powers. In treating either horses or cattle rw lor uce, me cause nuuuiu us ismuisu^ If the animal is poor it should be well fed and sheltered. If it is the poultry lice which are causing the ' ? trouble, the hen house or roots should be removed and the stable whitewashed with fresh lime. There are a number ' \ of remedies recommended for the destruction of lice. An effectual sola- ^ tion is made by boiling one pint stavesacre seeds and twenty pints of water for one hour. &eep it nearly , ] at a boil for one hour longer, making up the water to the quantity originally nsed. Such a solution rubbed into the skin not only kills the lice, but ' ' . J also destroys their eggs. If stave- ' sacre seeds cannot be obtained, sub^ stitute tobacco instead of the seeds. A simple remedy is equal parts of coal oil and raw linseed or cottonseed oil, but this is difficult to remove from the hair. The use of a roller in road making was first suggested by Oessart ia 1786, and first adopted by Polinceau and Morandiere in 1835. The first steam roller was constructed by the French engineer Ealloison, J rjl