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An Independent Paper Devoted to the Interests o( tlie People. '7**?*?r;<> VOLUME HI. ORANGEB??G, SQUTH "CAROLINA, THURSDAY, JANUARY 28, ]875. NUMfiftfi^dU LOUISIANA AFFAIRS. Special Message of the President to Congress. Ti^^iv Senttto of the United Stairs: I havo tho honor to miiko tho following ?u Hwor to a Honato roeolutiou ?f tho 8th uiBt., asking for in formation rh to any interference by any military ofllcor on tho part of tho army of tlio United States with Mm organization or proceedings of tho gonoral assembly of tho utato of Louisiana, or oithcr hrauoh thoroof; iind also inquiring in regard to tkfc existence of armed organizations in that se^Hron, hostile, to tho government, thoroof, and intent of over turning' such govonJtnont-by force. To say that lawlessness, tnrbulonco and bloodshed havo characterize;! tho political affairs of that Ht a to einco it a organization undor tho rooon Btmction acts, is only to ropeat what has be come woll known aB part of its unhappy his tory, Brit it may bo proper horo to rotor to tho election of 18G8, by which tho republican voto of tho ft at o, through fraud and violence was roduecd to a few thousand, and tho bloddy riots of-l?Go* and-18G8, to show that, tho dhtr ord?re thoro aro not duo to any recent cause, or to any lato action of tho federal authoritic?. Preparatory to tho elect ion of 1872, a Bhamo ful and undisguised conspiracy was fonnod to carry thai election against tho ropublicauB, without regard to law or right, and to that ond tho most glaring frauds and forgery woro com mitted in return, after many colored citizens had boon denied registration, and others do torrcd by fear from CHHling thoir ballots, whoa tho timo came, for a llnal comparison of tho votes. In view of 'foregoing faotB, Wm. V. Kellogg, tho republican candidate for gov ernor, brought suit upon tbo equity tsido oftho United States circuit court for Louisiana, against Warmoth and othors, who had ob tained pO8803sion Of tho return I of tho elec tion, representing that sovoral thousand voters of tho ft ate had boon deprived of tho elective franchiso on account of their color, and pray ing that etops might bo takon to havo thoir votos counted, and for gonoral relief, To on ablo tho court to inquire into tho truth of thoBO allegations, iv temporary restraining nrdor wan issued against tho defendant, which was at onco wholly disregarded and treat ed with contempt by thoeo to whom it was di rected. These proceedings havo boon widely denounced as an unwarrantable, interfer ence, by tlio federal judioiaiy with tho elec tion of stato oiViccrs. lint it ia to bo re membered that by tlio tUtconth amendment to tho constitution of tho United States, tho political equality of colored citizons is so curod; ami under tho t-ccond section of that amendment providing that congress shall havo pow, r to ontorco its provisions by appropriate legislation, an act was pasHod on tho loth of May, 1870, and amended in 1871, tho objoct of whiuhr.iYaa to provont the denial or abiidg meut of suffrage to citizens on account uf raco, color, or provions condition of uorvitudo; aud hitB boon held by all tho fodoral judges bofore whom tho matter has arisen, including Judge Strong, of tho supremo court, that tho protection afforded by thiu anicndniont and theso acts, oxtoud to str-to as well nu other ctucy-utvcur courts to enforco tho provisions of tbo consti tution of tho United Statos and tho lawspasaod in pursuance thorcof. This is too clear for controversy. Soction 15 of said act, after itu morotiB provisions therein to punish un* inva sion of tbo fifteenth amendment. prOvidlH that tho jurisdiction of tho circuit courts of tho United States shall oxfend to all cases in law or oquity arising undor tlio provisions of said act and or tho act amendatory thereof Congress seems to havo contemplated equit able SB well as legal proceedings to provont tho denial of stiff rago to colored citizons, and it may bo safely asserted that if Kollogg's bill in tho above named caso doos not present a caso for tho ctpmablo interposition of tho court, that no such caso can ariso undor tho act. That the conns of tho United States havo tho right to intorforo in various ways with ft ate elections, ho as to maintain political equality and rights therein, irrespective of raco or color, is comparatively now, and to some soonis to bo & startling idda, but it re sults cloarly from tho fifteenth amendment of tho constitution, and tbo nets that havo been passed to enforce that amendment, us tho abrogation of etat n laws upholding slavery result s to tho thirteenth amendment to tho Constitution. While tho jurisdiction of tho court in tho caso of Kollogg vs. Warmoth and othord is clear to my mind, it scorns that some of tho ordors made by tho judge in that, and in tho kindred ea-o of Antoino, woro illegal, but whtie they aro so hold and considered, it is pot to bo forgotten that, tho mandate of his court has boon contemptuously defied, and thoy woro raado wh?o wild scones of anarchy woro sweeping away all restraint of law autt order. Doubtless, tho judge of this court mode grave mistakes, but tho law allows tho chancellor great latitude, not only in punish ing thoso who condemn his orders and injunc tions, but in preventing tho consummation of tho wrong which ho has judicially forbiddon. Whatever may bo Baid or thogiiht of thoeo mattet s, it was only made known to mo that tho process of tho'Unitod States court was ro sistcd, and as said acts specially provido for tho ttso of llio a: my and ru>vy when nocossary to force, judicial process arising therein .der. I considered it my duty to soo that such process was ozecuted according to tho judgment of tho court, lev tilting from thOsO proceedings, through various controversies and complica tions, a stato administration wan organized, with Wm, P. Kellogg an govonuir, which, in llio discharge of my duty undor soction -1, article 1 of i he constitution, 1 have recognized as llio government of the stato. I. hns boon bittoiiy and persistently alleged that Kollogg was not oloeted. Whether he was or no*, is not altogether certain, nor is it any more cor tain that hid competitor (McKnory) was chosen. Tho election wan a gigantic fraud, and thoro are no reliable returns of Pit result. Kellogg obtained possession of tho oflico, and, ill uiy opinion} has more right to it than his competitor. On the 20lli of February, 187.'!, tho committee on privileges and elections of tbo sen to made it report, in which tboy say that thoy aro satisfied by tho testimony that the manipulation of the machinery by War moth and others was equivalent to twenty thousand voters, and thoy add that to recog nize tho McEjlory government would bo to rocoguizo a government based upon fraud, in doiiauco of tho wishes mid intention of tbo voters of tho fclato. Assuming tho correct now of tho statements in Ibis report?and thoy Hcom to havo been gouorally accepted by tho count! y?tho great crime in Louisiana, about which so much has boon done and said, is that one is holding the Oflico of governor who was cheated out of 20,000 votes, against another whose title to the office is untIoiti>te<Hy based on fraud and in defiance of tho wishes and intentions of the voters of (ho slate. Misinformed and misjudging as to tho nature and extent of ihi-< report, the supporlors of MoEnory pr corded to displace hv force in some parts of the state tho appoinloeH of Gov ernor Kellogg; and on llio lath of April, in an effort of that kind, a butchery of citizens was committed in Colfax. which, in blood thirsliuoss and barbarity, is hardly surpassed by any acts of savage warfare. To put the mattor boyon I controversy, I tpinto from the chargo of Judge Woods, of tho United States circuit court, if) the Jury In tho caso of tho United Btatcs vr. Grni kaliank ami othois, in No.v Orleans, iii .March, IH7I. IIa said: "In the osho on trial thoro are many facts not in thocontrovoiry. 1 proceed to state somo of them in tbo prCBOuCO and hearing of counsel oil both sides, and, if I stato us it COnoodod fact any matlor that la disputed, they can cor rect mo." After stating tho origin of the dif ficulty, wbioh (.-row out of auattompt of wbito persons to tlrivo tho pariah jlldltO nud allOl in', nppointooa of Kellogg, from ofllco, ami their' attomptod protection bycolorodpersons, which led to seme fighting, in which quite a number of nogroca woro killed, tho juogo etatCB that moat of tlioBO who woro killed woro takou prisoners. Fifteen or sixteen of. tho blacks had lifted tho boards and takon rofngo under tho Iloor of tho court house. They woro all captured. About thirty-sovou men woro takon pri-onem; tho nunibor ia not" doflnitoly fixed. Thoy woro Itopt under guard until dark, wbou they woro lod out two by two and shot,, Mo -1 of tho mm woro idiot to death; ,4k\ few woro wounded, not mortally, and by protending to bo doad, woro afterwards, during tho night, ablo to niako thoir escape Among them was tbo Lovl Nelson named In the indictment. Tho dead bodioa of tbo negroes hilled in this affair \voro loft uuburlod till Tuesday, April 15, whon they woro buried by a deputy m ir Bhallandau officer of tbo militia Irorr Now Orleans. These persons found fifty-nine dea 1 bediod. Thoy showed pistol shot wotiads, tho great majority in tho heart, and Homo of thorn in tbo bock of tbo head. In addition to tbo dead found, sumo charred remains of doad bodiea woro discovered near tho court Imune. Six doad bodioa woro found under a war el ion-c. all shot in the heart but ouo or two, who woro ahot in tho breast. Tho ouly wbito men in jured from tho beginning of theno troubles to, their oloeo,' woro Hudnol and Harris. Tho court hoiiflO and its contents woro entirely con sumed. There ia no evidence that any one in tho crowd of Whites boro any lawful warrant for tho arrest of any blacks. Tboro is no evi dence that Mash or Cozabol after tbo affair over demanded tho office to which thoy had sot up a claim. But Rogiatcr cuuiinued to act na pariah judge. Thoao aro tbo. facta in thin case, an I understand them to bo admitted. To hold the people of Louisiana in general re sponsible for these atrociticu would not'be fair. But it ia a lament able fact that insuiTer nblo obatr?ctiona wero thrown in tho way of punishing these murderers, and tho so-ca'lled conservative papers of tho state not only justiUod tho massacre, but denounced as fed eral tyranny and despotism tho attempt of tbo United States officers to bring tbom to' just ice. Fioreo denunciations ring through tho country about officers interfering in said election m it tels in Louisiana, while every one of tbo Colfax miscreants goes unwhipped of justice, mid no way can bo found in this boasted land of civilization and Christianity to punish tbo porporpotratora of thia bloody and monstrous crimo. Not unlike this was tbo massacre in August last. Nowral northern young men of oupital and culorpriao had started tho little and Uouriahiog town of Coufdiatta. Somo of them woro rcpiiL'i'trma and offico-huldoru under Kol logg. Thoy woro, thoreforo. doomed to death. Six Of thorn wero seized and carried away from 'their homos and murdered iu cold blood* Not ono baa boon puifiahod, aud tho conservative press of tho state denounced all efforts to that end, und boldly justifies tho crimo. Many mnrdore of a lifco character havo been committed in individual cases, which cannot here be drtr.iicd. For example, T. S^jCra^ord^ of tho twelfth* judicial district of the atato, oil then- way to court, woro ahot from their horses by men in ambush ou tho 8th of October, 1873, aud tho wifo of tbo former, in a com munication to tho dopattmont of justice, tolls n, pitiful talo of tho persecution of her hus band because ho was a union man, aud of tho efforts made t.oaoizo those who had committed a crime which, to UBO her language, loft two widows and nino orphans destitute. To aay that tho murder of a negro or a wbito repub lican ia not coiisidorcd ;.. ctime in Louisiana, would probably bo unjust to a groat part of tho people, but it is trtto that a groat number of auch inuniera havo been commit tod. and no ouo hau boon punished thorofor, and mani festly tho apiiit* of hatred and violonco is ?trongor than tho la?v. ltopreaontationa woro madu to me that tho picaonco oi troops in Louisiana waa unnocoa aary, and that thuro was no danger of public disturbances if thoy woro taken away. Con sequently, early laut atuunior tho troops woro withdrawn from tho state, with tho except ion of a arnall garrison at Now Orloana barracks. It waa alatod that a comparative alato of qaiot had auporvoncd, aud that political excitement as to Louisiana affsira aocnied to ho dying out, but tho November qleetion wan approaoh ing, and it waa necossary for party purpOHOa that tho llatue ahould bo rolighted. Accord ingly oh iho nth of Boplombor 1). B. Pomi, claiming that ho whs elected lioiitonanl-gov oruorin 1S72, ia-nod an inllaniinatory procla mation calling upon tho militia of the stato to arm, asaoinble, and to drive out (ho usurpers, a-i ho designated tho oilioer j of tho state. Tho wbito leagues, armed and ready for tho con flict, promptly responded. On tho samo day tho governor made a formal requisition upon mo,' in purriuatico of tho act of 1795, and boo tion 4, itrticlo 4 uf tho constitution, to aid in suppressing domestic violence. Oil the next day I iasuod my proclamation commanding tho insurgents to disperse within fivo days of the dato ihoroof, hut bofero tho proclamation was published in New Orleans, the oigdni/.cd and armed forces, recognizing a uaurpmg govern ment, had taken torciblo poaaoaaion of tho atato-hoiiMO and temporarily subverted tho government Twenty or m'oro peoplo woro killed, including a number of tho polico of tho city. Tho streets of tho city woro stained with blood. All that was desired in tho way of excitement hud been accomplished. Ami in view- of tho ?top? takou to roprosa it, tho revolution waa apparently, though it ia bo heved not really, abandoned, and tho cry of federal usurpation and tyranny in Louisiana waa ronowod with rodoublod energy, 'lroopa had boon sent to tho atato under tho requisi tion of tho governor, aa othor disturbances aootnod Imminent. Thoy woro nllowod to ro main there to roudor tho oxecutivo auch aid as might bocoino nccoasary to onforco tho la\\j#of tho atato, and repress tho continued violence which eecmod inevitable tho moment federal support ahould bo withdrawn, Prior to and with a view to tho lato oloction in Louis iana, wldto men associated thomaolvoa to gether in arm od badida called whito Icuguoa, and at tho aamo time thtoatu woro made in tho journal* of tho atato, that tho election ahould ho carried against tho republicans at all hazards, which, vory naturally, greatly nlarmod tho colored votors. By section 8 or tho not of Fob. '28, 1871, it ia made tho duty of United Stales marshals and their deputies, at polls whero Votes aro eaat for representatives in congress, to keep order and prevent violations of the so-called enforcement act, nnd other oll'oiians against the laws of Iho United states, ami. upon a requisition of the marshal of Louisiana, and in view of aimed organization nnd pmtontuus circumstances, I caused detachments of troops to he stationed in various localities in tho alate. to aid him in the performance of his ein ml duties. Thai tboro was intimidation of republican voters at Iho election, notwithstanding (his procaulioii, admits of no doubt. Toe follow ing aro specimens of Iho moans used: On tho Ith of October, eighty persona signed and published tho following at Bhrovoport: "We, the undersigned, merchants of the city of Bhrovoport, in ohedionco to a request of tho Bhrovoport G\impa;gn club, agreo to p-io every endeavor to got our employes to voto (ho pttoplo'a ticket i t Ilm ensuing elee | Mnii, and hi the event of their refti-al so to do, or in cum they vote Iho radical ticket, Io ro? I fiiisa to employ them at tho expiration of their term of service." I On tho samo day another largo body of por aona published in (ho B&mo place a paper, in which thoy usod the, following languago : "Wo, tho uudoxsignod, morcbauts of "tho city cf Bhrovoport, ahvoto tlio,groat import ance of no en ring good and hone st go vorn m out to tho Btato, do agree and plcdgo ourselves i not to advance any supp!i?js or monoy* tc any planter tho coming yoar, who will give employ ment or ront lauds to laborers who ;voto tho radical ticket in tho coming election." I havo no information of tho proceedings bf tho returning board for Bald election, which may not bo fouud in its report which has boon published, but it is a mattor of public Infor mation that a groat part of tho time taken to canvass the votes was consumed by tho argu ments of lawyers, several of whom roproeonted each party boforo tho board. I havo no evi dence that tho proceedings of this board were not In accordance with tho law under which they acted.? Whether, in excluding from their count certain' returns* thoy wore right or wrong, is a question that doponds upon tho ovidouco thoy had beforo thorn, but it is very clear that the law gives thorn tho power, If tbey choose to exorcise it, of deciding that way. and prima facto, tho poruons whom thoy return as electod, are entitled to tho offices for which thoy wore candidates. Respecting th? alleged interference by tho military with (he organization of tho legisla ture of Louisiana on tho 4th iiist., I havo ho knowlodgo or information which baa not been received by mo since that time and published. My lirst information waa from tho papers of tho morning of tho 5th of January. I did not know that any such thing was anticipated, and no orders and no suggestions woro ovor givon to any military officers in that state on that subject prior to tho occurrences. Iom woll awaro that any military interference, by tho officers of the United Stales with tho or ganization of a Btato logielaturo or any of its proceedings, or with any civil department of tho government, is repugnant to our ideas of government. I can concoivo of no caae not involving rebellion or insurrection, where such interference by authority of tlie goneral gov ernment ought to be permitted or cau bo justi fied. Hut there r.ro circumstances connected with tho legislative imbto Jio iu Louisiana which seems to exempt the military from any intentional wrong in that mattor. The, enforcement of the etato laws, tho officers and troopa of tho United States may woll havo supposed that it was thoir duty to act when called upon by tho governor for that purpose. Each branch of tho legislative as sembly is tho judgo of tho election and quali fications of its own members, but if a mob or a body of unauthorized persons sieze'and hold tho legislative hall in a tumntouous and riotous manner, and bo prevent any' organiza tion, by thoBo legally rotnrned as elected, it might become tho duty of tho steto exeautivo to interfere, if requested by a majority of the niombois elect, to p.upprc <s tho disturbance and onablo tho persons present to organize the house. Any ox'orciso of this powor would-be justifiable under most extraordinary circum stances, and it would then bo tho duty of the governor to call upon tho constabulary, or, if necessary, tho military force of tho stato. Bat, with roforonco to Louisiana, it is :o be homo in mind that any attempt of tho govern or to use tho police force of tie.*.A'iA^^y&it bloody conflict with tho white loagno, as it did on th? 11th of September. Thoro ia no doubt but that the presence of the United States troops on that occasion prevented bloodshed and the,io.-s of life. Both parties appoar to havo rolled on thorn as conservators of tho public poaco. Tho first call was mado by tho democrats to remove persons obnoxious to thorn from tho legislative hall, and tho second was from tho republicans, to romovo persons who had usurped Boats in tho legislature, without logal certificates authorizing them to seats, and in stilhcient number to change tho majority. Nobody was disturbed by tho mili tary who had a legal right at that time to oc cupy a scat in tho logielaturo. That tho demo cratic minority of tho house undertook to soizo its organization by fraud ami malice; that in this attempt thoy trampled under fool tho law; that they undertook to make persons not returned as clectod members, bo us to create a majority; that they acted under a preconcerted plan, and under falso protonses introduced into tho hall men to support thoir prctontions by force if iioconsarj'i and thst conflict, disorder and riotous proceedings fol lowing, ara facts _that scent to bo woll estab lished, and I am credibly informed that these violent proceedings woro a part of a premedi tated plan to have tho house organized in this way, rocoguizo what has bcou called the MoEnory somito, thou to depose Oov. Kellogg, and so revolutionize tho stato government. Whether it was wrong for tho governor at the request of the majority of members roturncd us elected to tho house, tt) uso stich tiles. i is iis woro in his jowor to dofcat these, lawless and revolutionary proceedings, is perhaps a debat able question, but it is quite certain that there would havo bcou no (roublo if those who now complain of illegal interference had allowed tho iiom-o to bo organized in a lawful and rog ular manner. When those who inaugurated disorder and anarchy disavow such proceed ings, it will ho limo enough to condemn tin -e who, by such means a-j thoy havo, prevent tht> sue -ess of their lawloss and dosporato sohomos. I.lent. Gon. Sheridan was roquoslod by mo to go to Louisiana to obsorvo and roport the situation there, and, if in his opinion neces sary, to assumo tho command, which ho did on tho 1th hist., after the legislative disturb ance had ooonrrod, at nino o'clock p. m., a number of hours after tho disturbances. No party motive nor projudicOH can nocossarily be imputed to him, but honostly convinced by what ho had scon and heard there, ho has characterized the loaders of i he white loilglics in sovoro torrus, and suggested summary mode i of procedure against thorn, which, though thoy cannot bo adoptod, would, if logal, soon put an end to tho troublos and dis orders in that state. Gon. Shoridan was look ing at facts, and possibly not thinking of pro ceedings which would bo the only proper ones to pursuo in timo of peace, and thought moro of tho utterly lawlesB condition bf society sur rounding him at tho timo of his dh patch, ami of what would pi ovo a sure romedy. Ho no vor proposed to do an illegal net, nor expressed a determination to proceed b.yond what the law in tlio future might authorize for tho punisti mout of tho atrocities winch havo boon com mitted; and the commi?sinn of which cannot bo successfully denied. It in a doplorablo fact that political crimes and murdor havo boen comnutlod in Louisiana, which havo gono un punished, and which have boon justified or apologized for,, which mutt rust as a roproaclj upon tho stato and country, 1 >ng after th< presont generation has passed away. 1 have no dosiro lolmvo United BtJttos Irobri interfere in tho dome.-tic concorns of Lotlfr iana or any other stato On tho Oth of I >i ootiibor last, Gov, Kellogg tolcgrsphod to i<o his apprehensions that, tlio white lotgtio it tended to mako another attack. Upon fi? HHtiio day I mado tho following answer, nifco which no communication hun l>con tiontln bim: " Your dispatch of this dato lias just lion received. It is exceedingly unpalatable ujuao troops in anticipation of dangers. 1st the state authorities bo right, and then pro?vM with thoir duties, without approhoiislonJof danger. If thoy aro then molested, tho ques tion will bo determined whether the UiA<d States Is ablo to maintain law and order whin its limits or not." / 1 havo deplored tho presence of pops among thoni. I regret, however, to str that this stale of things does not exist, ma dot s its existence seem to be desired in to/liliuB, und as to those it will bo proper for ny to say, tln\t La tho extent that cbugroaa hai co?forrod poworJ&nnro tp provont it, noithor ku-klux. Klans, whito loaguoa nor any oihor association using ; ?/ms and violonco to oxeonto tholr un lawfuljpurposos. cau bo pormittod in that way to govoxn any part of this count ry. nor cau I 830 VriuSj muiiToronco union mbn or republicans ostracized, persecuted and mnrdersd nr. ,-vo counl of thoir opinions, a*} thoy now aro in Bomo localities. i havo liorotoforo urgod tho caso of Louiai ? nua upon tho attontionof congrona, and i can not Inr tltlnk that its inaction has pioducod groat, yyil. To aummonizo: In Soptembor inst a?v^rmod organized body of men, iu tho support of candidates who bad boon put In nomination for tho offices of governor and lieutenant governor, at tho November election iu 1872, ami who bad boon declared not elootod by tho Iroard Of canvassers, roooguized by all tho oonrfB*to which thd qfteatlbh bad boon bib mittod, undertook to Subvert and overthrow tbo Btate government that bad boon recognized by me. lb accordance with previous precedents. Tho recognized governor was driven from tbo nt at o-houao, and, hut. for bis rinding ah el tor in tho United States custom-houso, in tho capital of tho Htato of which bo was governor, ft ib Borionslv to ho doubtod that ho would b?v? boon Killed. From tho stato-houae, before bo had boon drivon to tho* onstom-houBO, a call was mado in aeeordauco with tho 4th eeotion. ?Ith articlo of tho constitution of tbo United M tat en f or tho aid of tho general government to suppress domOBtio violence. Under thoao circumstances* and in accordance with my sworn auty, my proclamation of tho 15th of Scptorubor, 1873, wae isBaod. This sorved to reinatato Qov. Kellogg to his position nomi nally: but iccaunet bo claimed that tho iusur gonta bavo to this day snrrendorod to tho atato anthoritioB tho arms belonging to tbo Btate, er that thoy havo in any aonao disarm id. Qu the- contrary, it is know that -the armed organization that oxtstod on the 14th of Sop tombor.\l871, ip opposition to tbo recognized Btato g?rcrnm?nt, still retain thoir organiza tion, oquipmenta and oommaudore, and can bo calle 1 a h at auy hour to resist tho Btato gov ornmorfL. Under thoBO oircumstaucea tho samo mihtary forco has boon continued in Louisiana as was gent dndor tbo first call, and under the samo general instructions. I repeat that tho task as.-um cd by tho troops is not a pleasant ono ; that tho army js not composed of lawyers, capable-of judging at a momont's notice of !uat how; far thoy cau go in tho maintenance of aw and order, and that it waaimpossiblo to givo epocifio instrnotiona providing for all possiblo contingencies that might arise. Tho' troops were bound to act upon tho judgment of com man ding' officers upon each sudden contin gency that arose, or wait instructions which could only roach thorn _aftor tho threatened wrongs jUad boon committed, which they woro called on to provent. It must bo recollected, too, thai npon my recognition of tho Kellogg government, I reported tbo fait with tho grounds of tho recognition, to congross, and askod r :>t. body .to take action iu tho mattor, otherwise, i elfould regard thoir silence as acquiescing in my course. No action has boon taken by.lhat boajK and I bavo maintained tho position marked out. If orror baa boou com mitted '?y tho army in theso matters, it haa ohing??i'tCeeii: on tho aido of the preservation ' proteotiS^^ upon tho soldiers, and if wrong has resulted tho blamo, with tbo turbulent olomouta sur rounding thorn, must not roat on thorn I now earnestly aek that auch action bo taken by congress as to loavo my duties per fect ly clear in dealing with affairs in Louisiana, giving assurance nt tho samo time that what ever may bo done by that body iu tho premises, will bo oxoeutcd according to tho apirit of tho I law, without foar or favor. I herewith transmit copies of documents containing mero specific information aa to tho subject mattor of tho resolution. U. H. Gkant, Exocullvo Slanslou, Jan. 13, 1875. Tho Farmer of To-Day. This is what ia said of him (it sounds liko Joseph Harris) iu tho Agricultur ist: Altogether, tho farmer has his bands full. ITo ucotla uu notivo brain iu an active body. K ho has good health tho work should not discourage him. lie will pull through. Ho should not got excited ; ho should not worry. Ho should keep cool ; and the boot way to do tin's, in more Bennos than one, ia to keep steadily at work. Work. will elear tho mind and cool tho body. But it should bo energetic, spirited work, noL slow, ploddii g drudgery. Evory stroko.should bo directed by tho mind aud given with a will. It is snob work that tells. Few of us realize how much tho cliuracter of farm work bus changed. It is better to run a mowing machine than to uwiug a scythe all day, but thors nro men who uro not happy unless they uro engaged iu some hard, steady work; Thoy havo not patienoo enough to manage tho machine. Thoy aro men tal sluggards. They want a machine to put itself togother, totighttn its own bolts, to be Bolt sharpening and solf oiling. Snob men nro born hewers of wdod and drawers of water. They will rot miiko successful modern farmers, 'fho farmer who has his mowor, tedder, tuloadiug fork, self-raking and self iinding reaper ; who onts feed, turns L\io grind-stone, und pumps water by wind or horse power ; who plants his born with n drill, hoes it with n harrow, oultivatos within an inch of tho rows, outs up tho crop, and husks it with a mnchino, is a very different man fro.m Hodgo, tho farmer, as ho exists in tho mind of the novelist or poet. A Sour of UoiiD Minb.?Tliero re cently died in the north of France, nt tho ago of eighty-three, a miser who llvnd uloiio, and whoso but, when exom iued by tho aulhoritien after hiH death, proved n port of gold mine. Htfl pillow alono contained 111,000 francs in gold pieces of tho time of Louis "XV. nud Louis XVi. Ho bad a tnsto for old pieces, ne lind been robbed many times, and tbo thieves wero generally detected through tho antiquity of tho money thoy stole. Tho total of tho sums robbed from him in bis life, for which men havo been convicted and sentenced, rcnoh 100,000 francs. RESUMPTION. The Finance Bill Approved by is thfr indent, . , . I i . ; ?: < To the Senate of the United State* : Senato Mil No. 10'4, to provide, for tho- ro Bumption of spocib 'p?ymonta, is boforo itib, and tlija day roccivoH my sigu'atareof approval.' I vonturo upon thin unusual method of con veying notico of my* approval to the honeo in which the measure originated, beoaaeo -of. it* great importance to the.country-, at- largo, in, order to suggest further legislation,' which seems to me caaontial to mako tl?a law effeeti' moaauVolh? whon specie resumption shall oonntunajpalMfr hnphos an "Hlj|i\ff^p.(WL%Tf<f^^ congroaa, if in its power, to givo such feglelation aa may prove necessary to rede err. this promise. ' To Ihis oud.I respectfully call your attention, to a few suggestions: 1. Tbe necessity for increased revenue to' carry out the obligation of adding to the sink ing fund annually ono per cent. Tho interest I ou the public debt nmounts now to $'14,000.0001 ! per annum, and to. carry out tho promisee of this mensuro to redeem under certain conlin spneios $80,000,000 of tho present legal-ten-1 I tiers, and without contacting the national ourronoy now in circulation. ' How to increase tho surplus revenue is for congress to devise. But I will vonturo to suggest that tbe duty on tea and coffoo might bo restored, without per manently enhancing the cost to consumers, and that ten por cent, reduction of tho tariff on articles specified in the law of Juno, 1972, bo repealed. Tho Bupply of toa and coffee already on hand in tho United States, would, hi all probability, bo advanced in prico. by adopting this mcasuro, but it is known that tho adoption of froo entry to tlieso articles of nccossity did not cheapen materially, or en hance tho profits of tho country producing them, or of middleman of thoy o countries who have tho exclusive trado in them. - , 2. Tho first ^action of the bill now under consideration, provides that tho iradioual currency shall bo redeemed in.silver coin as rapidly aa practicable 1 There is iio proyialon preventing tho fluctuation in tho value of paper currency, or tho gold premium advanc* Lug over ton per com. above the currency in tue. It Lb probable, almost cortain, thatallver: would bo bought up for exportation as fast as, it was put out, until change would hecomo so scarco aa to make.the premium on it equal to tho promium on gold or sufficiently high to j mako it no longer profitable to buy for export, thereby causing a direct loss to tho community at largo, and groat embarrassmout to -trade. As the present law commands final resumption' on the lira t o f January, 1870, and as tho gold re ceipts by tho treasury are Larger than the gold payments, and the ourronoy'receipts than cur rency payments, thereby making monthly saloa of gold necessary to moot current currency ex penses, it occurs to me that those, difficulties might bo romcdled by authorizing the socro tf.ry of the'treasury to rodeom logal tender uotos whenever presented in sums of not leas than Sl0i? nnd mul<?i>VT '' at tho rato of 2>? por cent, per annum; from ' tho 1st of January, 1875, to the dato of put-' ting this law into operation, and diminishing this premium at the samo iato until final re sult ; changing tho rato of premium domanded from time to timo as tho interest amounts < to ono-quartor or one pqr cent. I suggest thi# rate of interest, because it would bring cn'r roucy at par with gold at tho dato fixed by tho law for tho final resumption,. I suggest ton por cout. aa the promium at tho.beginning, because I boliovo this rate would secure tho | rotoutlon of silver In tho country for change.. Tho provisions of tho third section of tho act' will prevent combinations being made to ex haust tho treasury of coin. With auch a law, it is presumable that no gold would bo called for not roquirod for legitimate business purposes. Whon largo amounts of com should bo drawn from tho treasury. corroB pondingly largo amounts of currency would bo withdrawn from circulation, thus causing sntllciont stringency in curroncy to stop tho outflow of com. and tho advantages or cur rency, of fixoei known value; would also bo reached. In my opinion, by tho euactmont of, such a law, business and tho industries would rovivo, and tho beginning of prosperity, on a firm basis, would be reached. Other moans of iucrousing the revenue, titan tho >o stiggostod, should probably be doviacd, and also other legislation, in fact, to carry out the first section of tho act. Another mint bo comos a necessity. With tho present facUitloS for coinage, it would tako a period boyond J that fixed by law for final spocio resumption to coin silver necessary to transact tlio busl uo?? of tho country. There aro now .-melting furnaces for extracting silver aud gold from' ores brought from tho mountain torritories into Chicago, St. Louis and Omaha, three in the former city, and as much of tho cliango required will bo wanted in tho Mississippi valley states, und as metals to bo coined; j come from west of thoao stales, aud as I understood tho charges for transportation of bullion from either of tho cities named to tho mint at Philadelphia or Now York city, amount to four dollars for each one, thousand dollars' worth, with an equal ex pense, for transportation back, it would seem a fair argument in favor of adopting one or more of thoso cities as a place or places for tho establishment of now coinage facilities. I, havo ventured upon thia' subject with groat diflldoiico, bocatiBO it la unusual to approve a measure, as I do this, if no further legislation is attainable at this time and to announce the fact by message. But I do ao because I foci that is a subject of such vital importance to tho wholo country, that it should receive, the attention of, anil bo disruoscel by congress and tho people, through tho probBatidiu every way, to tlio oud that tho bestand most satisfac tory course may be reached, of executing what I doom most bonoficial legislation on a most vital question, to tho intcroats and ; rosperity of tho nation. U. S. Quakt. * executive M B or ion, Jan. 14, 1875. Tire TjNHArrr ViniiAGit.?Show mo two villager, ono ombowored in trees aud blazing in all tbo glories of Octo ber, tho othor a meroly trivii 1 and tree less waste, or with only a single troo or two for suicides, and I shall bo snro thut in tho lattor will bo found tho miv.l starved and bigoted roligionists and cho most desperate drinkers. Evory wash* tub and milk-oun and grave-stone will bo exposed. Tho inhabitants will dis appear abruptly behind their barns ami houses, -liko desert Arabs amid their rocks, and IJshall look to seo spears nift thoir hands. They will bo roady to aocepb tho most barren and forlorn dootrino,?as that the world is speedily coming to an end, or has already got to it, or that they themselves are turned wrong side outward. Thoy will por chnuoo crack their dry joints at ono an othor und call it a spiritual communica i lion.?Thorcau, Gists of. 140 oflicora and .eighteen pn siatp pf. 14?"onlcora/'a^^ **ip ^Siorii;^^ tarn cTPdf&fev r aSn^Ottfe'feirr^Ws !o fate"^** three ttccb?norrle*/ J&r faot.feii&i^ottsri tlt?b3faAnotJv*?f!fes4 ?fe8?flo&ft|: ^cfbAo ' A; obowh up youug lady of Mmneog^j who ought to have entertained a hijpMy _ ?eibkoi fWilvdtfeto^aa^ja^^ o^he#tr^g<Trfrt<wbd ia^rilnA*UirelvaI'3 d?liarsh&dad-critf t?s^^ ?j Ix ia?ow ^ropof^td?^-smoerWcio wrfto /nlnej^o/hwhjtfesJ^ through tbe discov^^r^rjij^p^ for uluramat,ing purposes, tihosonimalH hu;g^rby\?e&^ 'for towingi?hipSid nof)n-y?iv| to anhnh ?' Yi^'I ?W< ?iltifiatrv^ ?ld Tmp?nnyk th^ojthmnJ^rniagl jtiuH ,ihg in . t he ,4^ on^pn ? ^ tljfeo^fcr^ta into my placo mornings und got one my securities;^ draw ihtereBt,?r??i ChrWnipf?ho sMe^R1, the box I" ,d ?um onl oj .(-?Ii Punika tlia* year JS7l^m6r3;ibnn C0,-i " .took . advantago, of exoeptionj Xares^o taMl?^^TOei?! ^lrea^5F%fifrrh^fr; b?'iffWm(Vb?i4i&^^ ,h9weior, p4rr*',tf?li47?dkT*c( -haft) 'Majftir driyeh aw/^pfH^w^tlyiiv^iy^li hh^fl,;^ rev WaVfef ^ufll?W8 ^m^rin^rhvJth'J of? tnenffc&ok, n\n*dnei?i?of^thJaminris-Tbf f^ now comers "y^ith-tliem*'- ..-.inn o?rw new o Tnxf Sandwich' iiiundrj oro.-.t wolvo ? hi:-.. nnmber, comprising bjual^j a^jefctlo over G.O?O. ?quaror miles.-^,abontrthe rp^.^of o '?onneqUpnt, and r$\iooo xslancL ^Br9/? ihirds of t$is area; belongs to filmland ot Hawaii, although Oaim is bolter " known generally for its'c^iitmpjogHbn- ' rnLabitiVuTS. TL. tho wholo group in 1872 wns ?G,897fj' It appears jby tlip Jnst{consuB of the jta habitants that lliero were49.QA4 perBon|J','' of tbo pure'nfati/?W6;;i!,l8Siyi mt?t& h origin, ^CMnteo? 889T American,? Gil) English^ iCndi'lho' romaindrrr bailed, from other E11 r opeauS jco^ut rief, Tho!) through tho group, bo that .thoy aro in the *aMM^ Ti?pretl?M tho Grand Dtifc ftloxiVWAr^^ bohuownsfe'to'tho old folkulappears to bo as spunky! an she ia'btauiliful./Alexijj, : it will bo remember ed.^waa sent to America tlmt ho mJgljt forgot her, hut whflo that {fllra^ou&ra didn't appoaso his bridc^-who woa sent Out of tb?; empire bry ap^cinltraiiiffi^ierf wont to Gnjmva,.an$Recently;,ipfappearp/,? :b of Alexis, should change her namo ami disappear 'Itt'Totnrn for tbiB servico sho would voccivo ouo million roubles ri down j and, an' jajiuoity?pf sevpn^y-il^^ ?thousand* xoublcsi.^ con tinued to her child'in caao Ihn Burviyed her; bnt^fr's'I^lexlirfe lj doit, ?ho loved Moxin too nvueh for . that, and so matters stand at present PW? Oakt. 0. W: i Wlrxw?ajf of I thelj Sh?ted- k States enginenra, . him -,hA<j fir79?, A^?-?1 yearn, eaperienp^ in dredg^g.lljp n^pn^ (({ of the Mississippi. This froni( him "on tho subject is mterefltmgV* ^Ttt IB1 a' well-known faot 'tn^'a^nlUtiM^^'* planfl have %ht\r ?ng^siori- T<ti?'thtf ?im-? d provement of the mouth of the Tdi; :ni~ oipoi, and th^t. at. each .?essipn, of con- . gross several of these bavo been pressed . on the attention of that body. "I" have oflloially rpporked on a number of them, * an 1 over forty havq beon bra|ight' to 1 my attention. The parflo.? "originating./' and pry?opting'tbes? plmw'repreaent.i^l.;. ? the Various gtides of 'feventive? genxasir-' to bo found m this country, from tal- | onted engineer to the. jnan \ylio ought to bo in a luhatio any lorn,- *ftrom the . ?nan who' * knpwp '?feometi/in,g,'nbOnt '.th&< i mouth of .,tho who knows n?thing.-V* . '. ^?uf hat, i.,. ?1 J, it li.i(.T mt, ,?U tit/ l-jf f,,l^wi>.T^ArvsiT or tu?: ?J^jr^t doad are be to furnished,,with. V^wAii transit" 1n "Vleunn by mearl?ofi? pneu comotories. After J,ljo ^funeral service in tho chapel, tho oolliu will bo plaoed lengthwiso on a 'small piAtform-car moving on rail 8 ; Tihd ?? then. ahot oSt :. through tho tunnel to tho cemetery at;, ,, tho rato of 40 miles or w an hour, when j tho undertaker will roooivo it.. Thon the moiuncrn will dhtpovso from the \ chapel and tho funeral'will bo over.