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$2 F*R ANNUM, Y "On we move indessolubly firm; GR>d and nature bib- the same." 1 IN ADVANCE Vol. ir. OMUTGEBIRG, SOUTH CAROLINA, THURSDAY, AI?RIL 17, 1873. no. if the orangeburg times Is published every T H U R S D AY; ? *. *- * ? . IWANGEBURG, C. II., SOUTH CAROLINA FGEBURG TIMES COMPANY. Kirk Robinson, Agt. RATES OF ADVERTISING. 1 In sertion 12 In sertion 24 In- 48 In sertion scrt ion 1 square, - 2 ?< junres, 8 squares, 4 squares, I column, j column, I column, 1 50 3 00 4 00 ? 00 5 50 8 60 I 13 00 0 00 11 00 15 00 18 00 20 50 10 00 18 00 25 00 80 00 33 00 33 001 50 00 12.00 27 00 37 00 45 00 57 00 rs oo I 55 00| 83 00|125 00 ucnscnirnos- hates: $2 a year, in advance?$1 for six months. .TOR PRINTING in its nil dcpai'tiucntK neatly executed. Give us a call. I>. R. JAMISON, ATTORNEY AT LAW WILL TRACTICE !ft TttK COURTS OK OR ANOF.mfl'.a AND RARNWF.l.L. BQJ*" Office in Court House Square. Feb. 20, 1S73 1 4t COWLAM GRAVELEY. DIUIXT IMFOllTKlt? of HARDWARE, CUTLERY, GUNS AND ? AGRICULTURAL IMPLE # * MEN TS. No. 52, East Bay, South of t' c old Post Office, Charleston, S.\j^. *?>? 4 GENT for the sale f.f the Magnolia Cotton ./V tibi*. At the Fair*.held at Savannah, Ga. last month, the "iMagnoHa" cotton Oitt, ginned 1501b.1? fvcil cotton in three minutes arid forty live seconds, (akin- the premium, and also the Iirizc of One Hundred Dollars offered by:the Joard of Trade Tor the be?t GIN. Several have been sold tili? season which gin a bale an hour. The same rid abo took tlie premium at the ( otton States Fair at Augusta; la-l October. Feb. 13, 1ST 3 51 ly W. J. DeTreville, A T TORNE Y A T I, A W. Office at Court House S(ptarc, Orange burg, S. C. mehl3-lyr FERSNER & DANTZLER, 3) i o n; rr i s t s Orangeburg, 8. C, "Office over MeMastcr's Brick Store. y. FeRSKEK. P. A. DANT2ZS3U, D. D. S ch 12-3mo3 "Kirk Robinson DEALER IN IB jokb, Tftusic and Stationery.ond Fancy Articles, AT Tili: ENGINE HOUSE, ORANGEBURG, C. H., S.'C. ntcli C TZTuAJU cfc DIBBLE, ATTORNEYS AT LAW, TIUSSELL STREET, Orangeburg, S.-C. as. F. JtVMSL S.T)tnnr.e. inch 6-lyr DR. T. BERWICK LEGARE. TlENTAL SURGEON, TStaduate, Baltimore .College Dental "Surgery. 'Ofrcc, Market street, Over Store of J. A. Hamilton leb u HENRY FARRXOn. U \y. HERRING. FARRI0R & HERRING. MANVFACTURING CoNFECI lONKUB, trott Wholesale Dealers in FANCY 'GttOOERIES, CRACKERS, . TBUTTS, >JU'CS, CIGARS. CANNED GOODS, ENGLISH .AND AMERICAN PICKLES, etc.. No. 7, Soulb Llbcrtv Street, Baltimore. Feb. 4, lS?y ^ 00 3m' [FItOSt OUR CUARLESTOH COBRESfONDE^T.J Charleston Letter. Charleston, April 9, 1873. . The first of April, here, opened with a "four legged chicken curiosity, or per haps it would be more correct to- say, that, a chicken with four slim, but well formed legs opened on that day.- This monstrosity of a foul, has been seen by 'comparatively few persons, for the ren 1 son, that for some years,back April-fools I oay baa been celebrated by some hoax i of just such a fowl character, and peoplo ' ore exceedingly suspicious of apy an | nouncement of this kind, tho rcalbj cu rious part of the matter is, that, the par ties interested wcro meditating a joko of J precisely tins sort, when the real chicken unexpected turucd up. I To those who are ioterested in our municipal affairs, it will be refreshing to lenrn that the city fathers have at last woke up?it is very doubtful if they ever will be completely aroused, but it is cer tain they have at least one eye open to the necessity of doing something in the way of paving the streets?it has been found from direful experience, that a succession of mud puddles, varied by now and then a huge rock or brick, is not exactly the kind of pavement suita ble for the main thoroughfare of a large city. The wooden material used so suc cessfully at the North) and known as the "Ballard Pavement" is being introduced here, and our enterprising young towns man F. Lucas is now engaged in laying a block of the same in King-sircet. The pavement, is nothing more than blocks of our common pine,, the grain turned ! up, c'pscly fitting at the bottom, and j open at the top m wedged shaped crevi ces, which are to ho filled with a compo sition of pitch and gravel. The blocks are laid pji a bed of sand carefully pre pared. 'The wholofoymsnn arch of <?light elevation in the centre, it is asserted that this composition i6 the most durable,and secure, yet invented. The re-publication of the "Ante Bel lum" Medical Journal, by Drs. Kin loch and Porclver, under* the more expansive title of "The Charleston Medical Journal and Review," will be hailed with satis faction by the fraternity ' all over the State. The first number,. cantnins six teen original articles, besides depart men ts devoted to surgery and other branches of the profession, aud an editorial and miscellaneous division. The salutatory article is carefully, and well written, and calculated to make an impression on the .Southern people, and to call forth their must strcnous efforts to make the work a standard pamphlet, and an honor to that profession,*which mure than all others, deserves the gratitude and sympath)' of the human race, To use the words of "Sawbones" one of our young nicdicnl aspirants "It is a gDjid thing." The annual Floral Exhibition of the "Agricultural Society of South Carolina" will conic eff on Thursday the 29th of Aprii and continues for three days. The fair will be held in the spacious grounds attached to the Charleston College, large tents are to be erected, ns well for the flowers and plants, ns for refreshments, &c, the grounds are open to the public in the evening from 7 to 11 o'clock, and in orderte furnish "light on the subject," one thousand Chinese lanterns of various devices, and shapes, have been ordered, riicsc fairs are ?becoming yeurly more interesting, and attractive?prom iu ins ? arc offered for "greenhouse plants, cot flowers, early vegetables, berries, fruits, ?c." The articles on exhibition last season, could successfully compete with the samples shown by any city of equal size with our own in the United States. The finest band in the city will discourse music to the visitors, and the gentlemen in charge of the affair, will .?paro no pains to make the entertainment unusual ly inviting. Since the days of Cooper, Kcan and Booth, it is doubtful whether a Charles ton audience has been so thrilled, ns the ono whicn attended the Academy of Music a lew nights since, to witness tho "thrilling gigantic California success of Ben McCullough, performed i>y the tal ented young actor, OHiver Bowd Byron." Tho plot as well as we could understand, consisted of the adventures of "Ben," a famous Nirarod of the West, he gets into trouble through the inimitable feoMngs ?=?- ? i ? "- .??<-~??? ?f hiV/iuathor-iudaw," aided by a despGv rate villain, who throws him intD prison, all however, Anally turn-out' well for Ben, and bad for the villain or nnugnty map'>ho:.c?nSes to griof. When* we say the spectators were thrilled, we use the words in its most literal sense. Act che first opened with a scene itTthe far west, introducing a consumptive indian, und a succession of "blood and thunder tableau," and ending in a Btartling con flagration in which every article on and about the stage appeared combustible, as everything burst, blew up; or exploded, the noise from that portion of the Thea tre* kuowa as "Mount Rascal," at this period of the performance was appalling and almost comepletely drowned out the effoib? of tho actors themselves. Act I the second was milder, probably owing to the exhausted condition of the per former1. Act the third consisted of oue uninterrupted succession of pistol dis charges, which so deadened our hearing facilities ns to render us perfectly indiffer ent as to whether act the fourth consisted In the firing of cannon, or pop-guns, tho remaiuder of this tragic exhibition, was actually so enveloped in smoke from tho previous discharges,, as to be hardly ap preciated by the' audience, and the whole concern-eventually "went up" in a burst of glory of blue lights aiid squibs. The spectators were few, of course, and so long as the sensation pieces of "The Old Bowery." are puton.our boards, just so long will the people of our city prove to be indifferent to theatrical en tertainments, to the surprise anil disgust of* Northern critics. ? t A. SNODGRASS. LETTER TO AN OLD GENTLEMAN* Whose education has been neglected. My Dear Sir,?The question which ytih have done me the honor to propose to me, through the medium of our com mon friend, Mr. G-,1 shall endeav or to answer with as much exactness as a liraitod observation and experience can ?warrant.. You ask?or rather, Mr. G-, in his own interesting language asks for you ?"Y? hcthcr a person at the age of sixty three, with no more pioficiency than a tolerable knowledge of most of tho char actcrs of the English alphabet at first sight amounts to, by dint of persevering application, and1 good masters,?a docilo and ingenuous disposition on the part of tho pupil always pic-supposed?may hope to arrive, within a presumable num ber of years, at that degreo of attain ments, which shall entitle the possessor to the charaotor, which you are on so many accounts justly desirousof acquiring, of a learned man." This is fairly and candidly stated?only I could wish that on one point yon had been a little more explicit. In the mean time, I will take it for granted, that by a "knowledge of tho alphabetic charac ters," you confine your meaning to the single powers only, as vou are silent on the subject of the dipthongs, Jand harder combinations. Why, truly, sir, when 1 consider the vast circle of sciences?it is not here worth while to trouble you with tho dis tinction between learning and science? which a man must be understood to have made the tour of in these days, beforo the world will bo willing to concede to him the titlo which you aspire to, I am almost disposed to reply to your iuquiry by a direct answer in tho negative. Hrtwover, where all cannot be com passed a great deal that is truly valuable may bo accomplished. I am unwilling to throw out any remarks that should have a tendency to damp a hopeful gen ius; but I must not in fairness conceal from you, that yon have much to do. The consciousness of difficulty Is some times a spur to exertion. Rome?or rather, my dear sir, to borrow an illustra tion from a place, as yet more familiar to you?Rum ford?Rumford?was uot built in n day. Your mind as yet, give mo lcavo to tell you, is in the state of a sheet of white paper. Wo must not blot or blur it over too hastily. Or, to use an opposite simile, it is like ? piece 6f pnfehnierit *?11 be scrawled and be-scribbled over with characters of no ?ense or import, which wo must carefully erase and removo be fore wo can make way for the authentic characters or jrapresses, which are to be substituted in thejr stead by the correct live hand of science. Your mind, my dear sir, again resem bles that same parchment, which wo will suppose a little hardened by time and dis use. We may apply the characters,- but aije we sure the ink will sink ? ;You are in the condition of a traveller, that has all his journey to begin. And again, you are worse off than the travel led which I have supposed?for you have ahieady lost your way. You have much to learn; which you haye never been taught; and more, I fear, to unlearn, which you have been tadght erroneously. You have hitherto, I dare say, imagined, that the sun moves round the earth. When you shall have mastered the true solar system, you will have quite a different theory upon that point, I assure you. I mention but this iustnncc. Your own experience, as knowledge advances will furnish you with mMiy parallels. I can scarcely approve of the intention, which Mr. G-informs mo you had comtemplated, of entering yourself at a common seminary, and working your way up from the lower to the higher forms with the children. I see more to admire in the modesty, than in the ex pediency, of such a resolution. I own 1 cannot reconcile myself to the spectacle of a gentleman at your time of life seated, as must be your case at first, below a Tyx'o of four or five?for at that early ago the rudiments of education usuullj commence in this country. I doubt whether more might not be lost in the point of fitness than would bo gained in the ad vantages "which you propose to yoi'vself by this scheme. ^911 say. you stand in need of cmula ? tioi! ; that this incitement is do where to bOiJ^ad but at a public school'; that you should be more sensible of your progress by comparing it with the daily progress of those around you. But have you con sidered . the nature of emulation; and bow it is sustained at those teutler years, which you would have to come in compe tition with? I am afraid you arc dream: ing of academic prizes and distinctions. Alas! in the university, for which you are preparing, the highest medal would be xl silver penny, and you must graduate in nuts and ?ranges. I know that Peter, the great Czar, or I Emperor, of Moscovy, submitted himself to tho discipline of a dock-yard, at .Dept ford, that he might learn, aud convey to his countrymen, the noble art of ship building. You are old enough to remem ber him, jr at least the talk about him. I call to mind other groat princes, who to instruct themselves in tho theory and practice of war, and set an example of subordination to their subjects, have ?on dcsccndcd to enrol themselves as private soldiers ; passing through the successive ranks of corporal, quarter master, nnd the rest, have served their way up to the station, nt which most princes are willing enough to set out?of General and Com mander-in-chief over their own forces. But?besides that there is oftentimes great sham and pr^toncc in tSr.crr show of mock humility?the competition which they stooped to was with their co-evals, however inferior to them in birth. Bo tween ages so very disparate, as those which you contemplate, I fear there can no salutary emulation subsist. Again, in the other alternative, could you submit to the ordinary reproofs and discipline of a day-school? Could you bear to bo corrected for youriaults ? -Or how would it look to see you put to stand, as must be the caso sometimes, in a corner ? I nra afraid tho idea of a public school in your circumstances must bo given up. But is it impossible, my dear sir, to find 801110 person of your own nge?if of tho other sex, the more agreeable per haps?whose information, like your own, has rather lagged behind their years, who should be willing to set out from tho same point with yourself, to undergo the same tasks?thus at or.co inciting and sweetening each other's labors in a sort of friendly rivalry. Such a one, I think, it would not be difficult to find in some of the Western parts of this land?-about D-for instance, Or what if, from your own estate?that estate which, unexpectedly acquired so late in life, has inspired into you thir. generous thrist alter knowledge, you were to select some elderly peasant, tbnt might be spared from the land, to come and be gin his education with yon, that you might till, as it were, your minds together ?one, whose heavier progress might in vite, without a fear of discouraging, your emulation ? Wo might then s*c?starr ing from an equal post-?the difference of the clownish and the gentle blood. A privnte education then, or such none as I have been describing, being deter mined on, we must in the nest place look out for it preceptor:?for it will be some time "before cither of you, left to your selves, will be able to assist the other to any great purpose in his studies. And now, my dear sir, if in describing such a tutor as I have imagined for you, I use a style a little above the familiar one in which I havo hitherto chosen to address you, the nature of th6 subject must be my apology. "Difficile est de scicntiis inscientor loqui," which is as much as to say -that "in treating of scien tific matters it is difficult to avoid the use of soientific tcrm3." But I shall endeav or to be as plain as possible. I am not going to present yr.ti with the ideal of a pedagogue, as it may exist in my fancy, or has possibly been realized in the per sons of Buchanan and Busby. Some thing lcis thnn perfection will serve our turn. Tho scheme which I propose in this first or introductory letter has refer ence to the first four or five years cfyour education olIv : and in enumerating the qualifications of him that should under take tho direction of your studies, I shall rather point out the minimum or least, that I shall require of him, than trouble you in <he search of attainments neither common nor necessary to our immediate purpose. Ho should be a man of deep and ex tensive knowledge. So much at least is indispensable. Something older than yourself, I could wish him, because years add reverence To his age and great learning, he should be blest with a temper and a pa tience, willing to accommodate itself to the imperfections of the 'slowest and meanest capacities. Such a one in for mer days Mr. II-appears to have been, and such in our days I take Mr. G-to be ; but our friend, vou know unhappily has other engagements. I $p not demand a consummate grammarian ;, but he must be a thorough master of vernacular orthography, with an insight into the accentualities and punctualities of modem Saxon, or English. He must be competently instructed (or how shall he instruct you ?) in* the tctnology, or four first rules, upon which not only arithmetic, but geometry, and the pure mathematics themselves, are grounded. I do not require that he should have measured the globe with Cook, or Orte liu.% but it is desirable that he should have a .general knowledge, (I do not mean a very nice or pedantic one,) of the great division of the earth into four parts, so nt to teach you readiiy to name the quarters. He must have a genius capa ble in some degree of soaring to the up per clement, to deduce from thence the not much dissimilar computation of the cardinal points, or hinges, upon which those iuvisible phenomena, which natu ralists ngree to term winds, do perpetual ly shift and turn. He roust-instruct you, in imitation of the old Orphic fragment?, (the mention of which has possibly es caped you,) in numeric and harmonious responses, to deliver the ipimber of solar revolutions, within which each of tho twelve periods, into which the Annus Vulgaris, or common year, is divided, doth usually complete and terminate it self. Tho intcrcalarics, and other subtle problems, be will do well to omit, till riper years, and course of study, shall have rendered you more capable thereof. He must be capable of embracing all his tory, so as from the countless myriads of individual men, who have peopled this globe of earth?for it is a globe?by com parison of their respective births, lives, deaths, fortunes, conduct, prowess, &c, to.pronounce, and teach you to pronounce, dogmatically and catechetically, who was tho richest, who was tho strongest, who was the wisiit, ^ho was tho ir.cjkv^i roar: I that ever lived ; to tho facilitation of which solution, you will readily conceive, a smattering of biography would in no inconsiderable degree conduce. Leaving tho dialects of men, (in one of which I shall take leave to suppose you by this time at 'least superficially instituted,) you will Jparn po ascend with him to the contemplation ofthat, unorticulatcd lan guage, which was before the written too* gue; and, with the aid of .the elder Phry gian or ?d?sopic key, to interpret the souuds by which the animal tribes com* municate their !miuds-^evolving moral Instruction with delight from the dialo gue of cocks, dogs, and foxes. Or mar rying theology with verac, from whoso mixture a beautiful apd healthy offspring may be expocted, in your own native ac cents, (but purified,) you will keep time together to the profound harpings of the more modern or Wattsian hymnlcs. , Thus far I have ventured to conduct you to a"hiil-aide, whence you may dis cern the right path of a virtuous and noble education; laborious indeed at tho fjrst ascent, but else so smooth, eo green, so full of goodly prospects and melodious sounds en every side, that the harp of Orpheus was not more charming,"* With my best respects to Mr, G-?* ' when, you see him, ? I remain, dear sir,- your obedient ser vant,. ELIA. ?""Milton's Tractate on Education, addressed to Mr. Hartlib. The New York Advertiser, of the 20th, has the following: - Once, during an epoch of robbery and violence in tho" British capital, when the ordinary penal ties hod failed to check tho audacity of the criminal classes, resort was had to tho . whipping post, and with such beneficial effects that London shortly after enjoyed an exemption from crime it had never previously known. A. similar reign of ruffianism is to be noted in ]Srew York, to-day. Our prisons are full ? double sessions of the chief local criminal court arc held, and the magistrates meet early and late to dispose of tho eases on the calendar; but crime nevertheless multi plies, and what is had, rapidly expands into what is worse. If Bolingbroke's maxim be true, that history is philosophy teaching by example, we shall be most uuphilosophical students of history if wo cannot turn its lessons to account, and, profiting by tho example of London, try the whipping-post on the rascals in this, city who now laugh tho law and its pen alties to scorn." A foreign correspondent oi the New York World, writing from Berlin, says : I take from one of the Berlin papers an item that may interest many of my read ers and produce some good. In lighting a cigar, the end that is bitten off is uni versally thrown away. Ssmo years ago il occurred to sundry benevolent spirits that ibis was a waste that might be stop ped ; so they formed a smoker's uuicn, pledging themselves to keep .every cigar end until they had colected a sufficient quantity to be sold to tho snuff-maker?. The union has grown largely in numbers, and the wives and sisters keep jthoir hus bands and brothers and friends up to their duty. The result is that during the year just closed, no l.ss than 800 pounds of tobacco were collected, .and from the proceeds thirty orphan'Children wero mado happy with Christmas pre sents of ncrv dresses and vunderclothing. Some idea of the number of cigava ,u?cd in this way can be got by considering that 0,000 ends go to the pound. It is an ?casy matter to pick jflaws, -and to find fault. Every one knows this from his own experience. It is not so easy to remedy the-defects which we see, and uu* less we seek to remove them it will bo Off ^ little benefit thot we see them. Nomon by tho use of a dissecting knife, however skih'u 11 he might-uso it, over constructed a living man, yet wo constantly see those who profess to seek reform in the church and in the Sabbath school, by simply finding fault with every one?except themselves. Suoh are destroyers, not builders, as they would fain be consider ed. The very best way to eradicate what is evil, is to strengthen what is good. It is often far better to let a fault alone, and secure its ?&K&?&tt by culi????isg the virtuo or excellence which stands op posed to it. It does not follow that a man is indifferent to an e vi ^because he ls not directly and avowedly attacking it.