The sun. [volume] (Newberry, S.C.) 1937-1972, September 21, 1961, Image 2
PAGE TWO
THE NEWBERRY SUN, NEWBERRY, SOUTH CAROLINA
THURSDAY, SEPT. 21, 1961
1218 College Street
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SENATOR
STROM
RMOND
foreign Trade Policy
EVEN BEFORE the last guns
of the current legislative session
of Congress have been fired,
much less allowed to cool, battle
on one of the major issues to be
decided next year is erupting into
the open. This issue is foreign
trade policy.
THE “RECIPROCAL” Trade
Act was originally passed in
1934 when
Cordell Hull
was Secretary
of State. It
has been peri
odically ex
tended, the
last extension
having been
passed in 1958
for a period
of four years.
The Act again expires at the end
of June, 1962.
THE CONCEPT of the pro
gram established by the Act, as
originally passed, was sound.
Essentially, the policy provided
that the US would grant tariff
concessions on imports to the
US to those countries which
would, in return, grant such con
cessions to US exports. Proce
dures were established in the Act
to prevent concessions being
made which would damage or im
pair any segment of American in
dustry and to withdraw any con-
eession which had such an effect.
IN THE LAST decade, the
world trade picture has changed
drastically. US products are now
in a less competitive position,
whether offered as exports or for
domestic consumption.
ALTHOUGH the US has re
peatedly granted major reductions
in tariffs to foreign nations, our
exports still face tremendous
trade barriers. It is obvious that
our trade agreements have been
far from “reciprocal.”
TRADE agreements made un
der this Act are now coming home
to haunt and hurt us. Previously
underdeveloped countries have
obtained—more often than not by
gift from us—the tools and know
how for manufacturing. In these
countries there is no collective
bargaining, no high income tax,
no anti-trust laws and little com
passion for underpaid labor.
Wages remain at unbelievably
low levels. Tax concessions
granted to industries in such
countries are highly favorable.
THERE HAS also been a
breakdown in the practical effec
tiveness of the “safeguard” pro
cedures set up in the Act, known
as the “peril point” and “escape
clause” provisions. Injured do
mestic industries now find them
selves without remedy for either
threatened or existing injury.
THESE circumstances are re
flected in growing “chronic un
employment” in such US indus
tries as textiles, plywood, bicycles,
wire, nails, cameras, toys, china,
and other products where labor
costs constitute a relatively large
portion of the total cost. Also
impacted, however, are such basic
industries as automobiles and
steel. The overall seriousness is
indicated by our baiance-of-pay-
ments deficit, and the outflow-of-
gold crisis.
OPPOSITION to the extension
of the Trade Act in 1962 will bo
even more widespread and more
adamant than in 1958. The Ad
ministration’s tactics have been
to divide opponents of the ex
tension and keep them suspended
on a string of promises.
TEXTILES is a typical ex
ample. After a study group was
appointed by the President, rec
ommendations were made and the
President announced a 7-point
program for relief of the textile
industry. The US called an in
ternational conference on cotton
textiles, which ended with a pro
posed “moratorium” for one year,
looking toward a permanent
agreement later. Even the mora
torium was contingent on nego
tiations with Japan—where we
were to make concessions—and
with Hong Kong, where they
were to concede. The Hong Kong
negotiations have not taken
place. The textile industry was
advised by the President to pre
sent its case to OCDM. This
was done, but no decision was
ever announced. Everything is
held in abeyance. In the mean
while, the textile industry has
been distracted from openly op
posing an extension of the Trade
Act.
THE ADMINISTRATION has
now revealed its plan for the new
“extension.” It follows campaign
platform promises—tariff reduc
tions are to be made “across the
board,” without any regard for
effect on a particular American
industry and the jobs in that in
dustry. It will provide federal
“adjustment assistance” (sub
sidy) for American companies
and workers that are injured by
imported merchandise; but the
aid will have a time limit, and
American firms will eventually
have to work out their own sal
vation or go under.
THE DIE has been cast, and
the issue joined. Many an Amer
ican job hangs in the balance, and
the battle which has raged behind
the scenes for months is now out
in the open.
(Not printed cf government expense)
From The Lincoln Times, Lin
coln ton, N. C.: If local communi
ties don’t build and run good
schools, the federal government
will. That statement comes from
the Chamber of Commerce of the
United States, in urging popular
support of school bond issues that
are financially sound.
Actually, the voters seem to
have been doing a fine job of im
proving the educational plant. Ac
cording to government figures, in
the last 10 years, for every en
rollment increase of 100 pupils,
communities have built enough
classrooms to house 120 and have,
in addition, replaced obsolete
classrooms for 40. Half of the 36
million children in school today
are in classrooms built since
World War II.
At the same time, another warn
ing should be issued—to school
boards, administrators and others
in authority. There is a limit be
yond which the voters and taxpay
ers, either at the national or local
level, will not go, not can be ex
pected to go, in providing unnec
essary frills and luxuries that send
the cost of buildings and class
rooms soaring. We need first-class
educational plants, not country
clubs.
Local people will support all the
schools we should have—the right
kind of schools.
From the Paire News and Cour
ier, Luray, Virginia: Hardly a
day passes that, a newspaper or
magazine article or some orator
does not call the United States the
richest country on the face of the
globe. To that we say "nuts.” How
could any country be the richest
on the face of the globe when it
owes more money than all the rest
of the world combined?
The unfortunate part is that we
have allowed this misinformation
to spread and hence have inher
ited all the jealousy and dislike
which goes with being the top dog.
It seems to us that it is high time
for the truth to be known. It is
alright to be top dog if it is justi
fied. It is ridiculous to indulge in
such fantasy when it is not.
ft/ THOMAS COLLINS
Buy A Retirement Home Early for Easy Change
H ERE is a pattern of retire
ment that usually works.
Take it, apply it to the part of
the country you like best, modify
a corner here and there, and the
C.olden Years will be within your
reach.
The pat^jgi comes from a lady:
“Three summers ago,” she
says, “my husband and I were
spending our vacation in Colo
rado, visiting relatives. We were
still six years short of retirement,
but my husband decided that
while we were in Colorado we
should begin looking for a retire
ment home. He wanted a small
piece of land, wanted it north of
Denver, and wanted it on a river
and near the mountains.
“I almost broke into tears. We
had been living in a lovely sub
urb back east for 25 years. We
had a modest home and many
friends. I was happy. Anyway,
when we had moved from the
city to the suburbs I had said this
was as far from civilization as
I’d eycr go. . .
The husband persisted and went
looking. He found what he wanted.
“And I knew when I saw it,”
rays the wife, “that it was for
me, too.”
It was two acres of land on a
black-top road, with a river in
back and the mountains in the
distance. It was 14 miles from
;he town of Longmont, an an
■'our’s drive from Denver. It was
a mile from stores.
“We have managed to get back
• o Colorado twice a year since
we bought our place,” the wife
continues, “and this past sum-
nier, with retirement still three
years off, we were able to roof
in the lower level of the house we
are building and install some
modem plumbing. Next summer
we hope tp pass up the nearby
motel where we have been stay
ing on our visits and move into
our home and rough it.
“There are other homes along
our road. Some of the people are
in our age bracket, some are re
tired and all are busy. We renew
our f/iendships with them every
time we go back. . . .”
The wife says she and her hus-,
band will not be concerned with
changes of weather when finally
they can move into their retire
ment home. “We won’t have to
buck traffic or punch a time clock.
We’ll sit it out, cozy and warm.”
Here is why this sort of retire
ment pattern works:
1. A new home takes some get
ting used to, especially if it’s far
away and if you are of retirement
age. Six years is not too long for
this. Six years before retirement
is better than six years after,
because you’re more interesting
to the natives then.
2. Getting some roots in the
ground in the spot you have cho
sen for retirement—such as buy
ing some land or starting on a
house—gives you a magnet that
keeps drawing you to the spot.
Many retired people who should
move from their old homes, and
would be happier if they did,
never do it because they have
built no magnets and are afraid
of the unfamiliar.
For a copy of the new Golden Years
booklet by Thomas Collins, send 35
cents in coin (no stamps) to Dept.
NWNS, Box 1672, Grand Central Sta
tion. New York 17, N. Y.
BANK NOTES
• • • •
by Malcolm
DID YOU KNOW
A NEW BANK BRANCH IN
GREENVILLE, SOUTH CAROLINA,
OPENED OFFICIALLY WHEN
CHEROKEE INDIAN BRAVES
FROM A NEARBY RESERVATION
APPEARED IN CEREMONIAL.
HEAPDRESS TO MAKE FIRST
DEPOSITS OF WAMPUM-
MAKING CHANGE ON A GRAND
SCALE FOR MILLIONS OF
RETAILERS, Wl DRIVERS,
NEWSBOYS, ETC., AVAKE
ACCURACY SO ESSENTIAL
AND KEEPS BANKERS SO
BUSY SOME OF THEM
WEIGH- AS WELL AS COUNT
PAPER CURRENCY AND COINS.'
In an official order, Attorney
General Robert Kennedy has
announced that from now on,
until further notice, in cases
of anti-tru^t violations, where
the governm. is entertain
ing accepting a consent judg
ment from the defendants, the
proposed consent judgment
wil be made
public at
least 30 days
before it is
entered in
court.
* * *
This is per
haps a step
forward in
the objective
that has been
sought by the c. W. Harder
nation’s independent business
men voting through the Nation
al Federation of Independent
Business.
* * *
As it has been in the past,
the government could find
some operation guilty of a vio
lation of the anti-trust laws.
The defendant corporation,
rather than having the matter
go to trial, can accept the gov
ernment’s findings and agree
to a consent judgment. This
judgment has been entered in
the court and the case and its
records then closed, with usu
ally the defendant agreeing to
cease and desist, and some
times paying a nominal fine,
in addition.
* * *
From the standpoint of in
dependent competitors who
have been severely damaged,
or ruined by the practices to
which the defendant pleaded
guilty, there is then no oppor
tunity, from a practical stand
point, to exercise the right of
the injured party to sue for
triple damages.
* * *
Of course, the injured small
competitor does have the right
to sue, but from a practical
standpoint, the injured com-
^^JWUoni^Fedsratlonj^Irulepemlent^Bualness^
petitor does not have the funds
to carry on long and expen
sive search for evidence that
the government has engaged
in, usually with the assistance
of the FBI.
♦ * *
It has long been the view
point of independent business
men, that inasmuch as Federal
tax funds were employed to
dig up the findings that causes
the guilty party to agree to a
consent judgment, that this
evidence, gathered at tax ex
pense. should be available to
the injured small competitors
in bringing damage suits.
* * *
While this new order by the
Attorney General does not ac
complish this full objective, it
at least means that it will not
be possible, as in the past, for
a guilty firm to engage in pri
vate negotiations to cease ille
gal practices, and to have the
matter handled with the ut
most of discretion.
* * *
Inasmuch as some 70% of
the anti-trust cases have been
handled in this manner, the
issue is quite large here.
* * *
The purpose of the order is to
permit injured competitors and
other persons and government
agencies, to comment upon the
case at issue. Justice Dept, on
the basis of such additional in
formation received, will reserve
the right, if it is deemed to be
proper, to withhold the govern
ment’s sanction to a consent
judgment, and thus bring the
matter for a full scale trial.
* * *
Probably the greatest gain
for independent business
gained here is a forthwith rec
ognition by government that
violations of the anti-trust
laws are illegal, and that be
fore government should accept
a plea of guilty and then con
sent to a modest penalty, the
parties injured by the action
should be heard from.
AMERICANA cities To See
Somerville, Massachusetts
Somerville—known as the “City of Seven Hills”—is situated in
the Metropolitan District of Massachusetts—only five miles
from the State Capitol. It is in the Middlesex County. It is 4.2 square
miles in area—and is almost entirely built up with long streets.
Lateral streets rim from East to Northwest, carrying an enormous
amount of traffic. Notable among these is the famous “Northern
Artery” leading to northern New England. Somerville has 101 miles
of streets and is a city built on seven hills: Clarendon, Prospect,
Winter, Spring, Winthrop, Central .and Powder House.
Settled in 1630, Somerville is
on Paul Revere’s route to Con
cord. The Old Powder House is
one of the most interesting his
toric landmarks in Massachu
setts. Its seizure by the British
on September 1, 1774, was one
of the first hostile acts that cul
minated in the march on Concord
and “the shot heard round the
world.” On July 4, 1631, Gover
nor John Winthrop launched the
first ship ever built in this coun
try. This was the “P’-ssing of
the Bay.” The site of the launch
ing is the Mystic River in Sorrer-
ville, at Ten Hills. Prospect Kill
was ont. of the American strong
points during the seige of Bos
ton. It was here on January 1,
1776, that the Grand Union Flag
was first raised. Somerville is the
home of Tufts College.
Somerville has 125 industries
employing 6,415 people paying
wages of $18,250,000, making
products valued at $178,278,000
Somerville has a public school
system of high rank. There are
28 public schools including two
evening schools. There is one
senior high and three junior high
schools with approximately
12,873. There are five parochial
schools with approximately 3,80-1
pupils. Present population (Jan
uary 1955) is 92,305,000.
ALF “ PAST TEEN
The City Hall, built in 1896, is Milwaukee, Wisconsin’s tallest build
ing. It reflects in its slender grace the Old World “gemutlichkeit”
for which Milwaukee is famous. The City Hall sign proclaims a
personalized greeting to all visitors. Popular as a convention city,
Milwaukee’s hotels and meeting halls welcome delegates from all
over the nation. Through the efforts of the Milwaukee Association
of Commerce, more than 150,000 come to Milwaukee each year to
attend approximately 350 state, regional, and national conventions.
As a convention city, Milwaukee stands high, due to Its excellent
rail, air and water transportation facilities, its unusual recreational
advantages and convenience to Wisconsin’s outdoor playground,
with the state’s excellent highway system, and because of its fine
Auditorium-Arena and hotel and motel accommodations.
AMERICANA Ctfle* To So«
Big Spring, Texas
In little less than four score years, Howard County, Texas, has
been transformed from a rolling range country, littered with the
bones of bison, into a land that supports varied Industries and
activities.
Perhaps the Spaniards, travel
ing from the Gulf to Santa Fe,
were the first white men to tra
verse the county and to come
upon the “big spring” for which
the county seat is named. Some
believe that the Beal-Role la
Catholic colonists passed through
the area before disappearing for
ever. At any rate it is a ^pown
fact that the country was a favor
ite haunt for buffalo and antelope
and that Indians battled for pos
session of the spring, the Coman-
ches and Pawnees having had a
bloody, pitched fight.
First authentic history of Big
Spring comes from reports of
Capt. R. B. Marcy, who discov
ered it on October 3, 1849. Captain
Marcy traveled Texas with a
small group of 80 soldiers and a
few Indian guides. This is his re
port of the “big spring”:
“October 3: Leaving the Salt
Lake this morning, our bearing
was N. 71 E. for eight miles
where we reached the border of
the high plain—here we could see
the low bluffs in the direction we
were marching, near which our
guide informed us we could find a
fine spring of water. Fourteen
and a half miles of travel over
beautiful road brought us to the
spring which we found flowing
from a chasm in the limestone
rocks into an immense reservoir
of some fifty feet in depth.”
In 1904, some 100 citizens peti
tion for an election to incorporate
the city of Big Spring. Today, Big
Spring is a city of some 30,000 in
habitants. Annual events include
the Big Spring Cowboy Rodeo and
Reunion; a Soap Box Derby; the
Annual Boy Scout Roundup for
the Buffalo Trail Council—from 12
to 15 hundred boy scouts attend
each year; and the Old Settlers
Reunion. Howard County Junior
College is located in Big Spring,
which also boasts 2 high schools,
2 junior high schools and 9 ele
mentary schools, as well as one
special education school for hand
icapped children. Petroleum,, gas
and carbon firms furnish indus
trial payrolls, but the largest
employer is Webb Air Force
Base, which has some 3,142 total
personnel and a payroll of
$12,000,000.