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PAGE TWO 1218 College Street NEWBERRY. S C. PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY 0. F. Armfield, Jr., Owner Entered as second-class matter December 6, 1937 at the Postoffice at Newberry, South CaroUna, under the Act of Congress of March 3, 1879. SUBSCRIPTION RATES: $2.00 per . year in ad vance; six months, $1.25. COMMENTS ON MEN AND THINGS BY SPECTATOR Well, you can never tell, can you? Guess what I have done, or left undone. Some weeks#ago, in writing about the early struggles to “form a more perfect Union” with out impairing the Sovereignty of the thirteen States, I named the thirteen Colonies which Great Britain recog nized as Independent States and I omitted South Carolina!! Can you imagine that? I was intent on showing that our Northern bretheren had a large part in preparing and a- dopting the Constitution that I overlooked South Carolina! Surely that is incredible! I am tempted to dodge behind my secretary though she is too slim to hide me. Still, a part of a secretary’s duty is to shield her boss by assuming blame for all mistakes. A close reader of my weekly Spectator—which, perhaps, I should now spell “weekly”, who “lives and moves and has his being” in Roebuck, South Carolina, called my attention to the oversight in a very gracious letter; then another friend, Mr. W. P. Legg of Manning, called me on the tele phone, to inquire, diplomatically whether he might be in error. Well, my bretheren, here we are, with profound regret and deep abasement for an act of omission: The Constitut ion was ratified by Delaware, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Georgia, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Maryland, South Car olina. New Hampshire, Virginia, New York. The Constitut ion was declared adopted the first Wednesday in 1789 (March 4th) after that North Carolina came in (Nov. 21, 1789) ; Rhode Island, (May 29, 1790) Vermont, ‘Jan. 10, 1790, and was declared by Congress (Feb. 19, 1791) to be the 14th State. Since my thought is on the Constitution I have concluded that President Eisenhower must have three or four speech- writers who do not compare notes; and whose versatility is so remarkable that they cause the President to speak yea and nay on many matters. Of course this does not reflect credit on the President, for he should read the speeches and keep them at least masurably consistent in no other way is it possible to under stand Mr. Eisenhower unless we assume a wide divergency among his speech-writers. Thinking of Mr. Eisenhower, one may be reminded of the Whiskey Rebellion, in the Administration of President Washington. General Washington sent a commission to to plead with the stubborn Pennsylvanians and, finally, asked the Governors of Pennsylvania, Maryland. New Jersey, and Virginia to send troops to Pennsylvania. It may be noted that there is no authority in the Constit ution to declare invalid an Act of Congress. That authority was assumed by the Court. No other Court in the world, 1 think, presumes to invalidate a Legislative Act. In the British jurisprudence an Act of Parliament is Supreme, un less vetoed by the Soverign—a prerogative of the Soverign virtually in disuse. I shall invite two distinguished editors to contribute to Spectator, if space permits: Let us hear Editor Buchanan of The Columbia Record. V “There is grave doubt that any order of the federal courts undertaking to enforce segregation in the schools is either legal or constitutional!. The Supreme Court’s decision in the desegration cases was based on the Warren court’s construction of the Four teenth Amendment, a construction that amounted to a re pudiation of all previous constructions of the amendment and which violated the rules of constitutional interpretat ion by disregarding the intent of the Congress which sub mitted the amendment and the states which ratified. The Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution was never legally ratified and it was illegally and unconstitutionally proclaimed a part of the Constitution by Secretary of State Seward in July, 1808. In such circumstances no decision based upon any inter pretation of the Fourteenth Amendment can be a legal and constitutional decision until the Supremo Court of the United States decides, as it never has decided, that the Fourteenth Amendment is actually a part of the Constitut Ion, When the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution was submitted there were 37 states in the union, so rntificn Ion by at least was necessary to make the amendment an integral part of the Constitution. Actually onh 21 states legally ratified it as C. S. News and World Report points nut, In the South It' states Tevas, Arkansas. \ tegmia. North racolioa. South Catalina, Georgia, Alabama. Florida, Miss iasippi and Louisiana by formal aetion ot then lemslat lOVs rejected it tinder all that was necessan <o prevent ihe amendment's being imitated in the Constitution, hut dv states outside the South New Jersey, Ohio, Keutoekv, ['altforuta, Delaware amid Maryland also railed to raLt\ the proposed amendment , Arkanaasv which Is the state tn which Gov Or\al Fauhos called m\ the National Guard to preserve older by prevent THE NEWBERRY SUN THURSDAY, OCTOBER 24, 1967; A GROWING INFANT INDUSTRY ing the integration of studenst at Little Rock’s Central High School, was one of the states which declined to ratify the Fourteenth Amendment. After the Southern state governments, established in accordance with the President’s amnesty proclamation, had been set up they ratified the Thirteenth Amendment abolish ing slavery. This amendment was written into the Constitut ion. But the same state governments rejected the Four teenth Amendment. Military occupation governments were up in South and the Congress then undertook to declare that the Southern states could not claim their seats in either House or Senate until they ratified the Fourteenth Amendment. Under this unconstiautional compulsion the Fourteenth Amendment was ‘ratified’ by the.se military governments. But before the amendment could be proclaimed on the basis of this unconstitutional procedure, which has never been sanctioned or upheld by the Supreme Court of the United States, the legislatures of two Northern states— Ohio and New Jersey—had reversed their decisions for ratification and had revoked their ratification of the amend ment. The right of a state, by action of its legislature, to change its mind any time before the final proclamation of ratification has been confined in connection with other constitutional amendments. Three months after the Secre tary of State’s proclamation the Oregon legislature passed a recinding resolution, contending that the supposed rat ification of the amendment by the Southern states was ‘usurpations, unconstitutional, revolutionary and void.’ The Supreme Court itself has never passed upon this! ussue. Every historian worthy of the designation, North and South, agrees that the Fourteenth Amendment was never constitutionally written into the Constitution. The decision of the Warren Supreme Court can, of course, evade the fundamental issue of whether the Constitution be anticipated. It will undoubtedly find a way either to can be unconstitutionally amended or will hold, contrary to the fact, that the Fourteenth Amendment w'as legally ratified.’ Mr. Buchanan is the son of the South, though a man of scholarly habit andd studious practice. What think you of this: “South Carolina Electric and Gas Co. this week petit ioned the State Public Service Commission for authority to issue ami sell $10 million of bonds bearing an interest rate of five and one-half percent. Records at the commission showed that the last time the power company sold bonds they had to pay an interest rate of only three and one-half percent. That was in June, 1955 when the company sold $5 million worth of bonds. J. M. Costello, executive vice president of the power comp any. said in reply to a question as to whether the increased cost of money would affect the company’s rates, said: The fact that we have to pay five and one-half percent on this $10,000,000 issue in itself will not have any effect bn rates, but if this interest rate continues on future of ferings together with the inflationary costs of doing bus iness, this could lead to an increase in rates.’ In its petition, the company said, proceeds of the bonds are to finance new construction and to repay temporary bank loans of $4 million already /ncurred or to be incurred to finance this construction. The power company estimated earlier tn the year it would spend about $75 million on new construction tn the three years. 1957-58-69, of which an estimated $29 million will be spent this year. The company expects to finish const ruction of two steam generating units at Plant McMeek- in in the fall of 1968, a spokesman said today, The bonds. First and Refunding Mortgage Bonds, would \\\\ row svaiA , , tsvav** eattytot ttfwttai tutu totto fH« arts xvrkow la **«* at “katttw" fwktofe tm* mn* From The Beacon, Lake Char les, Louisiana: Some congressmen are saying that they “cut the budget” from nearly $72 billion to $67 billion. The White House es timates that the effective cut was less than a billion, and the Budget Director figures it at about three. The citizen begins to wonder if anyone really knows. No one does. It all depends. It depends on how much Congress has to appropriate later to. meet expenses that are authorized under standing laws. It depends on whether some carry over funds or reimbursements can be re-allocated to neyr needs. It depends on how much the cost of things the government must buy rises above estimates. A family operating on a house hold budget properly splits up big occasional expenditures, as for a car or fur coat, on a pro rata basis. But it does not “charge” this month’s food costs or rent against next rponth’s budget It may even set aside for Jane’s col lege next year the money saved when this year’s vacation was cut short. But the money isn’t handed over to Jane to buy books; it’s carefully earmarked for tuition. The federal government does things differently. Some of the things it has to buy—like dams or aircraft carriers—are purchased over a period of years, but may increase in cost before completed. And even though Congress knows the postal service wiH cost several hundred thousands more than it gives the Post Office it “charges” this regular deficit against a defi ciency appropriation—^which does not show in the budget. This year Congress cut $200 mil lion from the veterans* pension fund, but did not change the law to reduce the obligation to pay pensions. That is like cutting the budget item for rent without get ting any assurance from the land lord that it won’t be raised. Last year the Defense Depart ment spent several billion more than the budget called for—the money coming out of carry-over funds. For all the federal agencies such unexpended appropriations amounted to $70 billion when the new budget was offered last Jan uary. The plan for annual appro priations would help this situation somewhat But the public will not know what a budget means until better checks are established on carry-overs and “charge' ac counts.” TELL US VOUR PROBLEITI M» UT tt IT «N TO ML* «1*W» M MkWM WMM. •Y JOHN and JANE STRICKLAND TODAY’S PROBLEM! Turning away wrath VER on New York’s East side there are numerous coop erative apartment houses, oc cupied by people who want to own their own domicile, and to make sure that their neighbors are congenial. Accustomed to the service usually given those of their financial standing, they are like ly to be impatient when such serv ice is not rendered. A postal employe delivering registered letters was met in the hallway l>y an impatient man on the lookout for a registered let ter of importance. It would seem that there was none, so he went his way downtown and the post man continued his rounds. To his dismay, ha discovered when he got to the bottom of his pack, that there was a letter for the man who had approached him. It was stamped “To be signed for by ad dressee only,” so he took it back to the postoffice and telephoned later in the day to learn when the addressee would be at home. And maybe he wasn't disconcerted over facing this man and admitting his fault SO he began with a sincere, humble and heartfelt apology. The recipient of the delayed let ter looked at him a moment and his mood changed. “I make mis takes myself,he admitted; "come in.” There followed a brief conversation, mostly about the service and the pay therefor, then a query as to whether the post man had a family. “A wife and two sons," he an swered, and sighed, as he recalled his two unhappy little boys who wanted a bicycle—one between them was all they asked. The man who had been so dis gruntled a few minutes before now asked about those two boys, their desires, their father’s am bition for them. When that postman returned home that evening he carried with him a check covering the cost of two bicycles, plus the memory of a gracious man who had been hap py to make others happy. When at fault: a sincere and heartfelt apology! CROSSWORD PUZZLE W lw*9*nl oti ot* Novembei* 20. The (Mue l?' to be mOO «I OUvHle hhIh. EnGler I bln V veni l l be onM|mny *<40 HboiMXiMttlely 336,- 000 HiblilioHHl aheven oT ii& oommen pLh'K In IU onooonh nlnek bubleys n»\ I be nf mie Hibliliniml *»bH.! v e fW eneb len elmee* behl. II will vn*l Ilml enmpHivv Iwn bumlml ibnusHMl iIuIIhd* twwe Ihnn ll en*i June, 1963, Bui, phy** Ml UwOello, Nu inei'eupe iu uule**!! Tbe oewei 1 eule in onunbleiHibly lea* Ibnu in 1931H Remember? Ik* yvm knew any ulhe*' Innone** ebamlotf le**, wltb eveTy Ihiutf e!*e ao tuuob bitfbei 1 '? T HE appointment by Wisconsin Senator William Proxmire, of Robert G. Lewis, editor of the Na tional Farmers Union Washing ton Newsletter, as his administra tive assistant, passed as a routine bit of news in the press of the country. However Lewis* “Swan song" in the current issue of the Wash ington Newsletter in telling why he quit to go to work for the new Wisconsin Senator, gives an in side story at the upset election in Republican Wisconsin and a slant on the brand of Wisconsin liberal ism which brought that election results, plus a new insight in an analysis of what he calls the “Wis consin Idea.” Lewis writes: "There is an un usual attachment between Wis consin and many of its sous, which helps greatly to explain why they behave as they do.” Lewis, a na tive at Wisconsin himself, con tinues: “The attraction is less for the place—which we love very much the same as anyone else loves his own home—than for what is called the “Wisconsin idea.” This is an idea of public service, of govern ment and of democracy. “It is very splendidly represent ed by the career of our ‘fighting Bob,* the great Senator Robert LaFolIette, Sr., who was ac claimed last year (by the Sen ate) as one of the five outstand ing Senators of all time. “The Wisconsin idea” is that the public interest should have first claim always upon a citizen’s tal ent, energy and strength; that government and its agencies are ' the possession of the people, to he harnessed to their service; that the people are sovereign, and therefore entitled to know all the truth about matters of common concern, and to decide, among thetnselves upon the disposition of all questions that effect the general welfare. “. . . This is a tradition that questions answers Just as agres- sively as it seeks to answer ques tions. It looks sacred cows in the teeth with matter-of-fact irrever ence, and it boldly challenges the rightness of privilege, no matter how encrusted with general ac ceptance. It is audaciously skepti cal, and it is invariably discom- - forting to those who ere sure they know all the answers . . This is the tradition that fired my imagi nation and formed my habits when I was young;! it is the familiar air toward whence I homeward turn. “The farm problem is the most important thing in my inheritance. Some families pass on their heir looms; some transfer e business, - or great wealth from father to son; but. for nearly a hundred years in* this country my tribe has wrestled Yrith the farm prob lem, one generation after another. My greet-grejet grandfather, fi farmer-preedher-pioneer, came from Norway! to the homestead where l grew up. My own father and mother, after despairing of their attempt* to make a farm out of eoutheaatem Montana sod. moved their baMes to the old home in Wisconsin. And there, in the l««rs and tha 1030's, the farm problem was dese at hand, tbe first thia^ to notice when X be came aware jdf the world. The depression was an absorbing, ob sessing experience. 1. Seism refers to (a) a religion; (b) an earthquake; (e) a legal right. 2. Spitxenburg refers te (a) a German town; (b) famous scientists; (o) apples. 3. la Medicine, typhlools refers te (a) staper; (b) bUadaeas; (o) anemia. ANSWERS ■"SisSI *M*a»*w«ie -t Q—Can yon tell me where I can get a oepy of the IMY Cnaservatten Directory? ' A—At The National Wtidlifo Federation. $32 Carroll Street, N W. Washington 13. D C. at 80c per copy Q—Can yen tell me briefly what the prepeeed new regntatleaa an possession and purchasa of firearms would require? A—That all firearm* be Imprinted with serial number; that manu facturers and dealers maintain permanent records on production, disposition snd sale of all pistol snd revolver ammunition; that persons buying firearms acknowledge receipt In their own band writing. and records be permanently kept; that Federal afenta would have authority to examine without warrant, hooka, stoeka and premises of aU license* affected by the regulations 4—How has civil fiervloo changed its regulntbn and when wtU thn Drat examinatloa ke heM far Federal Service Entrance? A—The CivU Service Commission has added college juniors in Uon to senior* and graduates to those eligible for the examina- tion, the first of which will be hold November ifi, IIP?. The mk! exam will be te January. AppUcanta have until October 11 Is file (or the Nov. id written teat Q—Who te preoeatly Under Seat alary ef Stele? A—Christian A. 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