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THE NEWBERRY SUN THURSDAY, MARCH 21, 1957 PAGE TWO 1218 College Street NEWBERRY, S. C. PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY O. F. Armfield, Jr., Owner Entered as second-class matter December 6, 1937 at the Postoffice at Newberry, South Carolina, under the Act of Congress of March 3, 1879. SUBSCRIPTION RATES: $2.00 per year in ad vance; six months, $1.25. COMMENTS ON MEN AND THINGS By SPECTATOR Injunctions Invasion of Citizens Rights So much is being said and written about our “rights” that I quote the Constitution of the United States, in part: I do not wish to be very technical, but in studying our Constitution, having in mind that the thirteen original States formed the Union; as they themselves expressed it: “In order to form a more perfect union . . . do establish this constitution for the United States ofAmerica.” Now observe: “All legislative powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress,” etc. Then we find the powers granted to Congress—There is this reference: “to provide for the common defense and “general welfare.” Nobody ever dreamed of “welfare” as we have it. In the Constitution it was related to “common defense.” Something else: “No appropriation of money for the “army,” (now armed forces, of course) shall be for more than two years.” That is violated by “authorizations” which bind our Nation for a period greater than two years. Incidentally the idea of the President as Commander-in- Chief does not confer the authority commonly assumed to be his. Congress shall have power—“To make rules for the government and regulation of the land and naval forces; That is, as you see, the function of Congress. Now as to some of the anomalies of the proposed Civil Rights Bill— Here is something to remember: “The trial of all crimes, except in cases of impeachment, shall be by jury; and such trial shall be held in the State where the said crimes shall have been committed.” You don't see any authority for arresting citizens by “In junction,” do you? Nor has the Congress (or Courts) any authority to deviate from this law of the Constitution. “Nor shall any person be deprived of life, liberty or property with out due process of law.” I challenge ^‘Injunction” as an invasion of a citizen's rights and in derogation of the Con stitution. Citizens have the right to assemble peaceably; and they have the right to petition the Government for redress of grievances. It isn’t one and the same thing; there is a com ma after “assemble,” and it is followed by» “and.” An this: “No warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.” “In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy . . . trial by jury of the State and district etc., etc. Of course the 9th and 10th Amendments, reserving rights to the people. As to the much discussed 14th Amendment, the final clause is “The Congress shall have power to enforce by appropriate legislation the provision of this Article.” No authorization for the President or the Court to legislate about it. Mathematics Key To Modern Laving Excerpts from an excellent address by Dr. DuBridge, President of California Institute of Technology. [v, “Much has been written in recent years about science r- as the hope of man’s future and also about science as the instrument of man’s destruction. You have read of the pos sible glories of tomorrow’s world of technology when peo ple won’t have to work—but only push buttons—and can spend endless hours of leisure speeding across the country in radar-guided, air-conditioned, pink Cadillacs at 120 miles an hour or more. Cheap and abundant atomic energy is still a long way off—though in some parts of the world (not in America) it will soon be cheaper than other sources they have avail able. I cannot say whether these extraordinary things that technology is going to bring us are good or bad. In fact, no one can say—for anything can be either good or bad, de pending on how it is used, whether it’s a stick of wood or a stick of dynamite Things aren’t bad; only people are bad. And as to whether people are going to be bad or not there is no argument; some of them certainly will be. But wheth er they are or not, these new things are going to come any way—for on force on earth can stop men from thinking, from inventing, from exploring. The things men ihvent will arise from new things they learn, from new understanding they acquire about the world. On the foundation of new ideas, men create new technologies, new industries, new machines, new ways of doing things. Our whole modern civilization .is built on mathematics! Not a street can be laid, a foundation dug, or a building constructed, without the use of algebra, geometry, and trig onometry. Not a machine can be designed, an engine’s per formance predicted, an electric power plant constructed, without mathematics through calculus. And the design of an airplane, a ship, a guided missile, or an electronic com- NOBODY LIKES TO PAY TAXES, BUT tfOVEOUPAEMT NEEDS KfcOMSY PKiR OOR. CRITICAL SELF PEFERSe Your SO/ERMMSMT KtKEDS PAOMEV To RUM *TV»t AFFAIR* or TWfc NATtOM Your government vceot MOMEV TO BUILD NATIONAL AMO STAlfe MlGMNAVy, SCHOOLS AND-HOWIM*. Your Govern pasnt weeps MyONCY FOR SOOWIM*, AMD NECEttARY', Sb&iAL SRCURrrV Sswefits •/And You MISTER CmZE*, W4vT, AND tfeev, AlllUese seuEFmr anv kmy More- usrzztat Itf TUlS EXPAhfDIWtf- FREE VBtKOCKACY, WM GREATER. OPP0R.TUK/ITIES TUAN' in All world UisTory. / - • GSSEl) puter requires a profound knowledge of higher mathematics. No one, in short, from a grocer’s clerk to the nuclear phy sicist can do without mathematics—and the study of mathe matics can be a great adventure in the methods of quanta- tive thinking which will provide a lifetime of bettter un derstanding of a technological world. The adventures of science are by no means confined to outer space. And the chief practical reason for learning the language of science may not be to understand about distant galaxies, but to understand what is going on right here on earth. There are adventures in each day’s routine. You arise in the morning to the ring of ah alarm clock— an electric clock, no doubt, synchronized within seconds to millions of other clocks all over the country, all over the world. Synchronization is achieved by the miracle of al ternating current in our power linesjlconnected in a network extending hundreds of miles, and connected by radio to other network.-; far away. Adventures? Just follow those alternating current impulses back along the wires to a transformer on a pole in the street, to higher voltage lines strung across the countryside to a power station by a dam in the mountains. Or maybe the power station burns coal or oil—where man’s most primitive discovery, fire, is producing his most modern carrier of energy, electricity. Think of the inven tors, engineers, scientists—back through the generations, the centuries—who made that possible. Think of Michael Faraday in a little laboratory thrusting a magnet into a coil of wire and noting that a current was produced; pulling it out, the current was reversed—an alternating current! And so, even before we awake in the morning of each day, our adventure has begun. We get out of bed, put on nylon hose, a dacron shirt or an orlon sweater—fabrics made of coal and air and water. Shades of the alchemists who tried to make gold from lead! They would have been far better off if they had made nylon from air! And as you dress be glad you are not a silk producer of Japan or a wool grower of Australia whose every livelihood is being threatened by synthetic fibers madde in America. Yes, adventures in science have their tragedies too. Your breakfast is another kind of adventure—food brought to you from the far corners of the earth, prepared over a flame which burns gas piped from Texas. And as you eat you read of world events only a few hours old—long stories, and even pictures, which have been flashed with* the speed of light from London, or Calcutta, or Cairo. Only a few years ago—less than 100—a famous British physicist, Lord Kelvin, slaved away years of his life supervising the laying of a cr 1 o across the Atlantic through which feeble electric impiii. e - could be slowly pushed—dot, dash, dot— so slowly, but thousands of times speedier than the fastest ship. ^ After breakfast you st°" into a real miracle—your car. You seldom look under t’^ hood to witness the bewildering array of examples of th~ r s of thermodynamics, of mech anics, of electricity, of r ". fahurgy-—of almost every science and technology. All we t ^ is that this device converts a gallon of gasoline into ^ miles of travel—at speeds much faster than we ought t a ’ r e. From morning ala-- i t venipg TV program we are liv ing is a world which h ^ ~ fited from adventures in science. Just as the great adv - ' re of Columbus opened a new con tinent, so the inspire ’ ? ~ 'itures of many scientists—from Galileo to Einstein; f • n Newton to Bohr; from Faraday to Edison to the thoi ' of trained men and women work ing today in laborat v'e throughout the world—have creat ed on this new conti c t a new kind of civilization. There are certain things a u this civilization that we are not satisfied with. It is f e i’rom perfect. But the defects will be fixed by those wh ' understand the nature of the world in which we live. The world will be made better by know ledge, not by ignorance. The making of a future scientist or the making of the fu- S'AT -A > A I. Abaft means (a) to front; (b) behind; (c) alongside. 1. In France, the gavotte to (*> » mnaloal Instrument; (b) dance; (c) cafe. S. The Bay of Whales to In (a) Scotland; (b) Antarctica; (o) Australia. answers *»»a«a *8 •9011(08 *1 'T'HE American people are being spoon-fed on ? diet of propa ganda only slightly tinged with the pale color of fact concerning their government here in Washing ton. This i#opaganda diet is being screened through a tight censor ship divulged to the people only through the medium of the press conference, speeches by public officials and the mimeographed press hand-out. This dangerous pattern, which has been developing over the past few years is due partly, in some government agencies, to hold-over war time censorship practices; partly to hysteria ever security consciousness which ran rampant during Communist probes and in vestigations; partly by just plain cover-up tactics by bungling gov ernment officials for fear of crit icism, and partly because of the crack-pot and fallacious theory that what the people don’t know won’t hurt em. That this is true is borne out every day in debates on the floor of the congress, debates which seldom see the light of dissemina tion through news media; in ev ery-day discussions by veteran news reporters at the National Press Club; by resolution adopted by Newspaper Associations and various press organizations — all seeking to rip off the lid of un necessary and arbitrary censor ship which is withholding essen tial facts, or disseminating half- truths which confuse the people and prevent them from arriving at any informed opinion relative to their government and the issues confronting it. It is further borne out and spread of record through thou sands of pages of testimony by at least two congressional investi gating committees, one which has been in session for months a subcommittee of the House Com mittee on Government Operations, under chairmanship of Rep. John E. Moss, of California. This Committee has just issued another progress report under date of Feb. 22. Here is a passage from this repqrt: “The maze of Federal restric tions on the people’s right to know is becoming a little less complicated as clear policies are developed to spell out this basic right. Recent activities of the Special subcommittee on Govern ment Information have bolstered an earlier conclusion that a maj or cause of the restrictive maze is the attitude of the Federal Executive agencies. The 25th In termediate Report of the House Committee on Government Opera tions defined this attitude as one ‘which says that we, the officials, not you, the people, will determine how much you are to be told about your own government.’ Here is an example of misin formation from somebody. The news media for many months has been reporting on the need for new schools, more and bet ter teachers and more classrooms. On February 22, 1957 the United States Chamber of Commerce, through its published Washington Report, said: “No classroom emergency exists. The emergency need for the Administration’s school construction aid plan is disproved by the Administration’s own studies. No critical national shortage in class rooms has been or can be demonstrated to exist. From (he Page News and Cour ier, Luray, Virginia: If any of our readers feel there is serious need of another organization for the protection of something-or-other, we propose herein the American Association for the Prevention of the Disparagement of Corn! No other member of the entire vegetable kingdom is quite thor oughly American as com. It sprang from tills continent. It gaye the noble redman his most de pendable sustenance. It even en couraged him to occasional spurts of industry. Corn succored the first settlers, both in Massachusetts a«d Vir ginia. But for corn, we would have no “first families. w Com became our earliest important ex port, the backbone of Colonial foreign trade. It became a medi um of exchange—to the discredit of foreign coinage, and before we had a system of our own. The plow that broke the plains was planting corn at the time. The growth and prosperity that fol lowed were based on com And while 85 per cent of this premier national crop still flows into feed troughs to fatten our pigs «nH cattle; and while today’s Ameri cans are as fond of roasting ears and succotash and com bread and com chowder as their ancestors— and have invented com flakes be sides—it further supports mighty industries producing starch, dex trose, syrups, com oil—even al cohol and synthethic rubber! But the end is not yet In fact say chemists who began serious ly working only a score or so years ago to break down the , starch molecule, this is the be ginning. They now suspect in fact a curious chemical alliance be tween the petroleum hydrocarbon and the com carbohydrate! They hope to find a corn-starch '“ring*’ analogous to the “benzene ring,** from wdich has sprung the synthe sis of hundreds of unlikely petro leum products, such as plastics, rubber, drugs, paints, dyes rwH fabrics. To this end, the Cora Industries Research Foundation, Inc., which began underwriting scientific in vestigation into our most useful grain since 1935, has this year al lotted $200,000 for 20 fellowship grants to science centers over the nation. So perhaps. In view of the $2,000,000 already provided by CIRF, and the scientific progress already achieved, we may be on the brink of discoveries that will make com our leading industrial raw material, and the farmer a leading industrial personage! In wtych case, you won’t need to join the AAPDC mentioned above. LENS AIDS VISION . . . Dr. A. E. Winner of Chicago grinds his new parabolodial miniature contact lens, smaller and thinner than predecessors. Insert shows parabolic curvature which in sures greater comfort and safety to wearer, even during sleep. ture intelligent citizen begins in the fifth grade or before and continues at all levels through the university graduate school. Except for a very few unusual individuals, scientists and engineers are made, not born. Interest and facility in mathematics and science are created by fine teaching; by intelligent, sympathetic interest in the individual; by the uncovering and stimulating of exceptional talent; by mak ing the subject matter exciting rather than dull. But there are certain illusions about science and mathe matics that must be eliminated before the adventures of science can be appreciated and advanced more rapidly in America. The first illusion is that mathematics is too hard i n c t o n Q—Can yon teU me the effect of the Cooley bin adopted by the House Agriculture Committee by a 17 to 16 vote as a Soil Bank Amend ment? .. A—Briefly and roughly, the expected effect of the measure would provide farmers with close to the same income benefi a return to 90% of parity supports would do, and secondly it would reduce feed grain production in 1957 below current market demands, which if true, would require the trade to go to the Commodity Credit Corporation for enough feed commodities to fill out jthe demand. And since CCC cannot sell for less than the 105% of their support price, plus a carrying charge, it is intended to establish the overall market price for commodities the supply of which is reduced below current demand. And it would thus' free feed grain producers from the 65% of parity price supports imposed by Sec. Benson for 1957. . . „ Q Does not the Attorney General under present laws have the right to bring action against violation of the right to vote under civil rights? And If so why is he so Intent on the right to proceed under a civil action and why are the southerners so set against this civil action right? A—The main reason judging from the Attorney general’s testimony and debates on the floor over the civil right bill, is that the Attorney General must now bring a criminal action, which means he must obtain a criminal indictment by a grand jury and usually have a trial by jury. The record in such civil rights cases in the South is that indictments and convictions in criminal cases by juries are hard to come by. Under a civil case, the attorney General obtains an injunction from the Federal Court and there is no trial by jury, merely a citation for contempt by the court, if the court pleases. The southern Senators declare that in such instance the sacred American right of trial by jury is by-passed. Confusing, isn’t it? _ A _ r Q—Is the Act which appropriated Funds for Rural Libraries still effective? A—Yes. The Act passed in 1956 authorizes $7,500,000 for five years on a matching basis by the States. $2,050,000 was appropriated for the current fiscal year and $3 million is asked for in the 1958 budget 28 States have submitted plans for participation. TELL U5 V0UB PROBlEm I €> AMBUT W EAM IT OM TO MLP OTMW1 01 ML IMS T0EI0L BY JOHN and JANE STRICKLAND Today’s Problem: DOES FAITH HELP? D OES religion help one solve a problem? In other words, can God help you? You may say that God never meant to do our work for us; that he expects us to solve our own problems. Or you may believe that God intends us to look to Him. ‘ Ethel Webster, 430 Washington Avenue, Dunkirk, New York, says that she has embraced these be liefs alternately, but that she eventually combined the first with the second. “It may be,” she says “that faith in God’s help means merely calming our fears’, enabl ing us to look at a problem objec- .tively, which always helps in com ing to a solution.” “I lost my lob during the middle of the Great Depression, and only those who had a similar exper ience can know how discouraging that was. For weeks I looked for a job, and got nowhere. One day, after trekking from one employ ment agency to another, I went into a church, not to pray, not te look to God, but just to rest my weary feet. A noon hour service was being held. When I left that edifice these words rang in my ears: “‘God never meant you to be forever depressed; God fiever meant you to remain down in your luck; God never meant you to fail ultimately; He gave you prob lems in order to test you. Believe in Him and He will help you.’ “It was as if that minister were speaking directly to me. •*The remainder of that day and all of the next, I held to those thoughts, though at times I had difficulty as discouraging thought tried to crowd them out. “The third day, I was sent for by my «ld employer. Another had married, and unmarried women were being given priority over those who had another member oi the family with employment. “That religion helped me, you may doubt, but I do not. I know that my thoughts, inspired by the minister in that church, wrought gain out of havoc for me.” CROSSWORD PUZZLE 32 60 67 73 77 33 52 22 Li 28 68 ACROSS 1 Courtyard 6 To box 10 Cleansing compound 14 Place of combat 15 Walking stick 16 Rabbit . 17 Narrow inlet 18 Brawl 20 Feminine name 21 Capture 23 Writing fluid 24 Child’s toy 26 Correlative of either 27 Hollow- homed ruminant animal 29 Article of furniture 30 Bitter vetch 31 Answer 34 Represen tation in miniature (pi.) 36 Anglo-Saxon coin 37 Mongol 39 Speed contests 42 Cover inner surface of 44 Surfeits 46 Kind of wine 47 Body of . water (pL) 40 Nuisances SB 23 53 69 74 78 70 62 55 71 75 64 72 PUZ23JB Ne. 438 51 Narrow inlet 52 Wears away 54 List 56 Prohibit 58 French phk- ral article 59 Lease 60 Preposition 61 Edible seed 62 To hasten 63 Shrfflbark 67 Vedic god of Are 60 Repasts 72 Extinct bird 73 Narrow opening 74 Otherwise 75 Portray 77 Number (pL) 78 Blights 79 Puts up poker stake DOWN 1 Portion 2 Tune 3 Kind of i heavy wood 4 Preposition • 5 Simpleton 8 Meager 7 To crowd 4 together , 8 Collection of facts ( 9 Ceased from | work "lO Vessel • 11 Rowing Implement 12 Defense clothing 13 Fruit (pLI 19 Lassoes 22 Tha seif 25 German river 28 Worthless leaving 29 Drills 30 Accompany 31 Kind of biscuit 32 Silkworm 33 Boat carry ing oil 34 Ship’s of ficer (pL) \ Once around track 38 Adhesive bands 40 Great Lake 41 Asterisk , 43 Ever (poet.) 45 Thorough fare 48 Plan 50 Male offspring 53 To make inaudible 56 Pigpen 56 Brag 57 To fish 59 Gets up 61 Excavations 62 Hinged metal fastener w 64 Sei~d forth 60 Unaccom panied 66 Strokes lightly 68 Prefix: not 70 Man’s name 71 Mineral [I |A L £ PE N TJ P I Answer te Passle Ne. 429 for young minds to grasp. That is false. Properly presented and properly taught mathematics is an exciting adventure —especially for youngsters. The second illusion that must be eliminated is that mathematics can be taught by teach ers who don’t know any math—or are only a chapter ahead of the student.