The sun. [volume] (Newberry, S.C.) 1937-1972, October 28, 1954, Image 2
PAGE TWO
1218 College Street
NEWBERRY, S. C.
PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY
O. F. Armfield, Jr., Owner
Entered as second-class matter December 6, 1937
at the Postoffice at Newberry, South Carolina, under
the Act of Congress of March 3, 1879.
SUBSCRIPTION RATES: $2.00 per year in ad
vance; six months, $1.25.
“ALV’ A Great Fellow
He’s a great fellow, this guy “AL.” He likes fun and has
lots of it at Conventions and other State and National meet
ings. He likes the local affairs best—and is considered a
stand-out at picnics, pitch-in suppers and fish fries. He’s a
regular guy.
“AL” begins the preamble to his constitution with the
words “For God and Country.” He doesn’t care what church
you attend, but sponsors a “Back To God” program and urges
daily family prayer.
Our friend “AL” is The American Legion—as you might
have guessed by now.
“AL” has more than 17,000 Posts and close to three mil
lion members. We salute this great veterans organization,
which is the choice of presidents and GI men of distinction
everywhere.
“AL”—The American Legion—is the voice of the veterans
being heard throughout the land. “AL” needs the help of
every eligible veteran to keep this voice strong.
If you are a veteran of World War I,World War II, or the
Korean War—and have an honorable discharge—this news
paper in behalf of our local Post invites you to join The
American Legion.
We are glad to extend this invitation for our friend “AL.”
COMMENTS ON MEN AND THINGS
By SPECTATOR
Research—Key To Opportunity
“While the research is conducted by small as well as by
big firms the bulk of it is performed by large corporations.
This is because of the cost and risk involved. Many millions
of dollars invested over long periods of experimentation are
necessary for the development of important new products.
For example, duPont spent $43 million, over a period of
eighteen years, in developing the dyestuffs industry in the
United States before profits offset accumulated losses, while
nylon required an expenditure of $27 million in a twelve-year
period before the sale of the first pound which was made in
a commercial unit. In the case of the ‘Disposal!’ for dispos
ing of kitchen waste, the General Electric Company required
nineteen years after the commencement of its research on
the product before an over-all profit was shown. That these
technological projects involve great risk is indicated by
the fact that only one out of twenty research undertakings is
successful. But the benefits of effective research are shared
by all. Not only does research provide ‘more goods for more
people at less cost’ but also it is the chief source of creating
jobs. It is estimated that one half of those employed in this
• country hold jobs that are baseji upon products from the re
search laboratories.
Big business with its research facilities, mass production,
low unit costs, and scientific know-how has provided the
majority of people with things that would otherwise be be
yond their reach. The record speaks for itself. In this coun
try there are 45 million automobiles 46 million radio sets,
28 million television sets, 44 million telephones, 40 million re
frigerators, and so on/ In other words, large-scale production
has made it possible for all groups to share in the wonders of
qur age.
American industrial and technological know-how is npt
only the most creative, but also the most powerful force in
the world. It was'the chief contributing factor in the win
ning of two world wars, and upon it freedom-loving people
everywhere depend as the principal bulwark against Com
munist aggression.
Small bussiness is not being driven out because of great
corporations, as can be shown by figures compiled by the
United States Department of Commerce. Since 1900, the
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number, of firms in business has more than kept pace with
the growth in population. From 1944 to 1952, the average
number of concerns in operation in this country increased
roughly from 3 million to 4 million, a gain of 33 1/3 percent,
while during this period the population of the United States
increased by only 13 percent. This growth is a healthy de
velopment. Furthermore small firms are not being squeezed
out of income opportunities. Based upon a study by The
Brookings Institution, it was found that the share of na
tional income received by small—and medium-sized firms in
creased from 1929 to 1948, whereas that of large corpora
tions decreased.
As a matter of fact, there is no real conflict between big
and small firms.
While auto production in this country is highly concen
trated, there are approximately 25,000 outside suppliers of
materials, parts, and services of one kind or another. Fur
thermore, about 1,000 independent concerns make tires, bat
teries, upholstery fabrics, car frames, and accessories. It
is estimated that more than one person out of seven earns
a living at tasks related to the automobile industry.
A business that is big and growing demonstrates that it
is holding the confidence of its customers and is giving
satisfactory service. On the other hand, if a firm's prices are
THE NEWBERRY SUN
THURSDAY, OCTOBER 28, 1954
WAKE UP!
UjSE THIS FRANCHISE OF FREEDOM !
YOUR VOTE MAY BE THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
EFFICIENCY OR INEFFICIENCY IN GOVERNMENT
either locally,state-wide or nationally !!
don’t BE A
SLACKER
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too high or the quality of its product is inferior, the con
sumer will whittle the company down to size. So consumers
by their preference decide whether a company will continue
to live and grow. The large corporation cannot maintain
its position unless it is alert, constantly adapts itself to
changing conditions, and effectively serves the public. Those
who rest on their oars are dislodged. The pressure of scien
tific progress keeps the list of top corporations in a state of
flux. The turnover is large as leaders are replaced by new
comers, and some former industrial giants have passed out
of the picture. Of the twenty-five largest manufacturing
companies which published balance sheets in 1900, only two
were in this top group in 1953. And of the current twenty-
five largest, twelve were not even in existence in 1900. In
our dynamic economy, mere large size is no assurance of
security, as strong competitive forces can tomorrow re
place the big corporation with the infant of today.
Even where a few firms account for the major portion of
output of a particular product, competition is vigorous among
the producers. Coal, gas, and fuel oil compete with one
another in the heating of homes. In the building industry,
cement, brick, steel, copper, glass, plastics, aluminum, and
many other products are offered as substitutes for lumber.
In textiles, a wide choice is provided by dacron, orlon, nylon,
rayon, and the various mixtures that compete with cotton
and wool. Not only is there sharp rivalry among commodites
for the same use, but also in a larger sense all commodities
are competing with onp another for the consumer’s dollar.
Its special field of operation is in lines that call for a large
investment of capital such as automobiles, chemicals, coal,
petroleum, public utilities, railroads, rubber, steel, sugar re
fining, tobacco, and the like. Capital investment in this
country averages around $10,000 per production worker,
but in some lines it exceeds $83,000. During the past decade,
more than $213 billion was spent on plant and equipment
in order to provide for the rising living standard of bur peo
ple and the growing demands of national security.”
This I quote from The New England Letter of The First
National Bank of Boston.
Interesting Bit Of History
Were the signers of the Ordinance of Secession rich men?
As to our South Carolina signers there were farmers, plant
ers, lawyers, with ministers, physicians, merchants, to
gether wit ha broker and a Rail Road President, with an In
surance man and two teachers. Some were men of small
means, ranging from $8,500 to more than two million dol
lars. That resplendent figure of fabulous wealth came from
Clarendon County—John L. Manning—and is listed as a
“farmer”; whereas some men owning ten per cent of that
great wealth are referred to as “planters.”
Gabriel Manigault appears as a planter, though he had
only three slaves and real estate valued at $35,000. “Farmer
John L. Manning had 648 slaves. Mr. Manning’s $2,000,000
would easily be $10,000,000 today. He was the rich man of
the South Carolina Secession Convention.
That interesting information I find in the October num
ber of The South Carolina Historical Magazine, published
by the South Carolina Historical Society, Charleston.
Is This Farm Familiar?
How To Keep ’Em On The Farm
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This farm, fifth in a series, has been identified by the owners, Mr. and Mrs. George E. Stone. Since so many persons
correctly guessed the identity of the farm, their names will be printed elsewhere. Mrs. James D. Brown, Main street,
Newberry, called in the correct answer first. She will receive two free tickets to the Wells Theatre for next week.
— ■ — r - —
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ANNOUNCEMENTS of large
grants in aid to the states for
educational purposes and for ex
penses of holding state educational
conferences from appropriations
made by the 83rd Congress lead
to the query “Whatever has be
come of the President’s Commis
sion for Intergovernmental Re
lations?”
Little if anything has been heard
from this commission since it’s
Chairman, Clarence Manion, was
fired by President Eisenhower be
cause he refused to obey orders
and continued to pump for passage
of the ill-fated Bricker amend
ment. This amendment it will be
remembered would have cut the
treaty and other powers of the
President considerably. But brave
things were expected from the
Commission in separating the
taxing and other poyers of the
states from those of the Federal
government. It may I'-e now, that
the reactivated Hoover commission
may be assuming some of the func
tions of the inactive Manion Com
mission.
At any rate it is not believed
that any of the states will refuse
to accept their share of the grants
forthcoming from the $700,000.00
appropriated by the 83rd Congress
toward paying ^expenses of state
educational confereneces. These
conferences are to be held prior
to a White House conference on
education.
Probably there is not an educa
tor, nor school teacher, nor a
member of parent-teacher associa
tions ir any state in the union
who cannot tell you today what is
wrong with the public school sys
tem. * ;
All this costs money. States
have tbeen jealous of their s.chool
systems, as to their own responsi
bilities. They have up to now
brooked no federal interference
... in many instances have even
been opposed to federal aid even
for school buses. The congress has
been careful when appropriating
money even for school lunches,
not to tie any strings to the money.
But state taxes are high and go
ing up. The states are really up
against it to provide the necessary
funds for the tremendous need for
modernization of the school sys
tem. Only petitions for help have
come from areas in which Fed
eral installations have unduly bur
dened the school system of that
area and for these purposes con
gress has doled but some $55 mil
lion, $10 billion of which was allo
cated to 95 communities in 30 states.
But what tiie 83rd congress has
just done in providing funds for
holding state educational confer
ences sets a precedent in the edu
cational field. The question is, will
the 84th Congress be asked for
more federal grants-in-aid for state
school systems, at a time when the
Eisenhower administration is seek
ing as a matter of policy to elim
inate the grant system insofar as
possible.
Under the distribution for state
educational conference expenses,
as outlined by the Federal Office of
Education, the grants range from
a minimum of $5,000 up to $61,908
for the State of New York. Other
states in the first five brackets are
California, $49,155; Pennsylvania,
$42,870; Illinois, $36,304 and Ohio
$33,747. The states receiving the
$5,000 minimum are Idaho, Mon
tana, Nevada, New Hampshire,
North Dakota, Rhode Island, Utah,
Vermont, Wyoming, District of Co
lumbia, Alaska, Hawaii and the
Virgin Islands.
‘How you gon to keep ’em down on the farm, after they’ve
seen Paree”? Was very popular just after the First World
War. It is still a problem, even without Paree. I quote a
story from The News & Courier:
“How are you going to' keep the kids on the farm?
Every once in a while that question hits some parents.
How is he going to keep his sons, his own flesh and blood,
working the land he loves and desperately hopes they will
love after they grow up and see the attractions of the city?
John Stamy, who runs a dairy farm, has felt the chal
lenge in the age-old question and is determined to do some
thing about it. He is trying to make life on his farm so at
tractive his four young sons will want to make agriculture
their careers.
‘We’ll be heartbroken if we can’t build this place into
something that our boys will want to take over before we’re
gone,’ says the 36-year-old Cumberland County farmer.
The weapon Stamy has chosen to defend his way of life
is electricity. He has hitched every possible farm job to a
machine. He hopes by thus removing the necessity for
menial, backbreaking human labor, his boys will look upon
the glitter of the city with eyes less envious than those
whose days were a succession of distasteful chores.
If Stamy turned on every electrical device at his dis
posal he would tap enough current to light more than 2,000
regular 75-watt house bulbs. Every farm operation—the
house or in work buildings—that could economically be done
by electricity has been mechanized. The barn gutters are
cleaned by an electrically operated cleaning machine'. Feed
is ground automatically by a machine equipped with a time
clock that can switch it on or off.
Electricity fills the silo and unloads it, while electric milk
ing machines milk the cows and pump the milk through 600
feet of glas tubing into a 1,000-gallon refrigerated tank.
They wanted a place to demonstrate how electricity could be
put to work to lighten the load of the farmer. And the idea
appealed to Stamy, who was looking for anything that would
help keep his sons enthusiastic about farming. Between
Stamy and the two companies a plan was evolved. Stamy
would foot the bill for some of the electrical appliances and
equipment while PP&L would pay for the costs of some of
the wiring in conjunction with the National Electrical
Manufacturers Assn. Stamy bought the farm in 1936 with
borrowed capital. The farm is paid off and a 132 cow pure
bred herd has been built up. In the house, Mrs. Stamy has
more than 54 seperate circuits at her beck and call to run ap
pliances, ranging from air conditioners to electric blankets.”
Our South Carolina farniers are forgoing rapidly ahead.
Electricity has been a great factor in our development and it
is doing more every day.
I think South Carolina farms are about 90% “electrified.
Let’s make it 100%.
Y
'fc AUTHOR OF "HOW TO STOP WORRYING AND START LIVING
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L OUIS L. MASON, 1806 Oak Drive, Amarillo, Texas, says that after
being discharged from the Army he started in to sow his wild oats.
He had saved up a few hundred dollars from the calves that had been
sold from his cows while he was in the Army, so he began having a
big time with it, and it didn’t take him long to spend all he had saved.
After that he sold hi# cows, one by one, and spent the money he got
for them.
When he finally woke up and'saw how Ignorant
he had been, he started trying to get more money
for another start. He went to see his banker and told /
him his troubles, and his plans. The banker told
him there was but one thing he could suggest: for
him to find a job and get to work. Louis says he
had never realized the value of those cows of his
until after he had been working for awhile. His fa
ther had given the cows to him when he was a small
boy and he had sold them and thrown the money CARNEGIE
to the birds.
He has been working for six years now trying to get enough money
to replace the 25 cows that he sold. He says,, “Believe me they are
much harder to replace than they were to get or get rid of. But I
have been taught a lesson that I will never forget. And when I do get
them back I will have sense enough to keep them. The job the bank
er told me to get has taught me a very important lesson.” 1
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Q—Were Japan, Korea, Formosa and Indo China inclnded in the new
Pacific charter pact recently signed at Manilla?
A—No. The nations signing the pact known as SEATO included Aus
tralia, France, New Zealand, Pakistan, The Philippines, Thailand,
The United Kingdom and the United States.
q—is there any time limit on the sessions of Congress?
A—Yes. The constitution provides the Congress shall hold an annual
meeting starting January S. The Legislative Reorganization Act
requires adjournment sine die not later than July 31. Sjnco Ode
congress cannot bind another, the adjournment date can be
changed by a later Congress. In the McCarthy censure case a
legal question has arisen. The House adjourned as required, sine
die. The senate adjourned to meet later to vote on the McCarthy
censure (now set at Nov. 8). but there was no change made in the
Reorganization act. v
Q—What authority does the Department of Interior have In
A—The Department operates the Alaska Railroad, maintains an
Road Commission, and an Alaskan Purchasing and Shipping Office.
It also is custodian of thousands of acres of public lands, includ
ing* oil-rich naval reserves. Some controversy recently has arisen
over probability of opening up these oil reserves for private de
velopment.
Q—What is the inscription over the portico of the Supreme Court
Building?
A—“Equal justice under Law.” It was written by the late Justice
Charles Evans Hughes.
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