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PAGE TWO THE NEWBERRY SUN THURSDAY, JULY 30, 1953 1218 Collegre Street NEWBERRY. S. C. PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY O. F. Armfield, Jr., Owner Entered as second-class matter December 6, 1937 at the Postoffice at Newberry, South Carolina, under the Act of Congress of March 3, 1879. SUBSCRIPTION RATES: $2.00 per year in ad vance; six months, $1.25. COMMENTS ON MEN AND THINGS By SPECTATOR In a book of Queen Elizabeth’s time one great importer spoke of coffee; listen to his remark: “There is a new Turkish product, new to us at least, that he inqures if he should export. It’s coffee. He says it’s a hot drink, black-colored and supposed to be very good for expelling poisons from raw meats and herbs. They have houses in Constantinople where it is sold the way we sell ale and wine. I’d like to have some sent for my personal use out of curiosity, but whether it would be worth shipping on a large scale as a novelty I don't know. I rather doubt its being worth the price.” The remark reminds me that I read a long time ago that i there was a strong campaign to forbid the sale of coffee in Britain because coffee is so stimulating that it makes even dull minds bright and would wipe out differences or dis tinctions among men and all would be so “bright” that it would upset the social order. EARTHQUAKE TREMORS great nation. Although I mean to include everybody of use ful service, I want to mention the forces of the law, the teachers, the Mnisters and press—everybody. Of course the mother in the home and dad out in the daily struggle. Whom can we leave out? The filling-station men, the bus drivers, my radio brethren? No, indeed; all make this America of ours. Why, then, try to defend a practice of showing a preference to one group over another? Someone said that the passage of The Bible which had al ways impressed him was this: “For every tub shall sit on its own bottom.” It is sound doctrine but the Bible didn’t say that. The only way to reduce is to reduce. Those who have had experience with budgets know that it is difficult to eliminate items. Why is that? It is simple to understand. Consider this: how did that item or service get into the bud get? By chance? Not by a long sight; someone, sortie group, working long and vigorously, succeeded in getting Congress (or the Legislature) to act favorably. It is al most certain that the proposal had merit. Nothng is advo cated merely to kill time or impose on the public: Certainly the advocates thought the proposal a sound one. Then by various means, pressures, favors, influence, swapping— all the usual political methods—the item finally w$,s in cluded. Then, year by year, it was increased. The public having become accustomed to the idea, it was no longer so difficult to magnify it, swell it, sometimes. The T. V. A. is a good example. On paper it was to do wonderful things; the idea was given to the public by all the arts and blandishments of persuasive methods. Today the T.V.A. is not exactly what it was to be, back there in 1933. But we are accustomed to it—and there you are. A few years ago a community would denounce the sale of liquors and the community would almost rise in wrathful indignation when a liquor place was suggested. Today we seem quiescent, even acquiescent. The Demon Rum has lost none of his power, but he has lulled the opposition to tranquil acceptance. Time smoothes over many things, ap parently. I am only commentiiig on the trends. There is a feature of the T.V.A. that I wonder about: the very foundation of our American plan of government is equality before the law. Of course it didn’t mean equality of brains, or aptitude, or birth or beauty, or strength: Not all men are equal to one another in strength or brains; not all have the same home-training; not all have the same happy and prosperous homes. Not all the ladies are equally beautiful or equally endowed. Some can cook and some can’t; some try to cook and persevere even through genera tions though their skill in cookery is quite debatable, some times depending on just how desperate is your hunger. And the ladies observe that sometimes the high-salaried boss is really only a stuffed shirt. Well that about evens every thing. Equality, in our American living, means that every person is entitled to equal justice in the courts and equal justice by his government. Yet we find that the law it self establishes preferred customers of T.V.A. Certainly these preferences violate the American principle of equality. And how do we act, we American citizens? We seem to be eager for any preference that operates in our favor. So then, we are governing the 1 nation by favor; we are dis criminating in favor of this group over that group. But it also results in discriminataing against various groups at the same time. We have our hands out; and we can be so plausible in our arguments. We are one people, or should be. We are not farmers or cotton mill operatives, or mechanics, or merchants, or bank ers: we are one great body. The Orangeburg County or Marlboro cotton farmer neetis the great cotton mills, just as the mill operative needs the cotton. The merchant has his place and so has the banker. We operate as a team. Socially and politically it is of the highest importance that we have the farms maintained; the farmer is still our in dependent thinker, the very backbone of our Nation. But the politicians, both agricultural and political manipulators, talk too much. The real farmer is making his own way. He still works early and late and lives in close communion with nature. He can appreciate fair chance, but he is not crying and begging for hand-outs; he stands forth in the dignity and majesty of his manhood and carries his burden. Multitudes of others help to carry the burdens of the day. The efficient, but unsung merchants, clerks, office workers, the physicians and nurses, the telephone and power forces—and the teeming millions of others—all make this Recently I had the pleasure of telling of the liberal va cation arrangement of the Management of The Joanna Mills. I have more good news of that kind: The Greenwood Mills (Mr. James C. Self) also gives the week of the Fourth of July to their employees of six months’ service. .Those of longer service also receive four per cent of the yearly wage. Senator Maybank can use The Joanna and Greenwood Mills as great South Carolina enterprises which have plea sant relations all the time, splendid examples of the. South of today* “New Jersey has the lower per capital state tax burden of any of the 48 states, according to a survey of state govern ment finances in 1952. Last year New Jersey tax payments amounted to $35.83 a person. The average state tax burden for the United States last year was $64.61 per capita. There is a considerable range in state ta.± assessments. Fourteen of the states collect less than $60 per capita. Twenty-five of the states fall in the range of $60 to $80 per capita. They are South Dakota, West Virginia, Mary land^ Maine, Montana, Indiana, Iowa, Connecticut, Idaho, Georgia, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, North Carolina, Kansas, New York, South Carolina, Wisconsin, Delaware, North Dakota, Vermont, Uj;ah> Michigan, Colorado, Florida and Minnesota.” “The Country’s power systems plan this year to in stall nearly 14 million kilowatts of generating capability at a cost of around $4 billion, according to the latest survey by the Edison Electric Institute. That would boost national capacity by over 17%. In the four years 1953-56, over $12 billion is scheduled to be spent to boost U.S. capacity to about 125 million kilo watts. That would be an increase of more than 50% from the end-of-1952 generating ability, and it would be almost two and a half times the capacity at the close of World War II. What are the driving forces behind this expansion spree? A powerful one, of course, is the continuing electrification of the American home. Since World War II U.S. manufact urers have sold 89 million radios, 30 million refrigerators, 27 million washing machnes, 26 million television sets and 23 million vacuum cleaners. Today 90% of American farms have electricity, up from only 50% at the end of 1945. Since the war, 7.5 million new houses have sprouted on U.S. soil, almost all of them electrified. Though the rate of formation of new house holds is now declining, the national birth rate is toppling records. And the first three months of this year witnessed an average monthly increase of 157 kilowatt-hours in resi dential electric use from a year earlier.” 1. A high Soviet official has been purged. He ip (*p Georgi Malenkov; (b) V. M. Moltov; (©) Lavrenti Beria. 2. Which of the following countries was not represented at the Big Three conference in Washington recently?, (g) Erapce; (b) Italy; (c) United States; (d) Great ANSWERS •*i»w *x paMAvx 1 J B. MATTHEWS, a profession- • al Communist investigator, who is employed by Sen. Joe Mc Carthy’s investigating committee, has kicked up a row on Capital Hill that is not likely to die down quickly and, many believe, may cause a tremendous explosion when the full force of the controversy reaches the general public. Matthews, writing in the July American Mercury, made some shocking charges against the Protestant clergy that they form “the largest single group support ing the Communist apparatus in the United States.” He even went so far as to name the figure 7,000. His sweeping charge was based on no given evidence. He did show that a relatively small number of Protestant clergymen in the U.S. have backed “peace petitions” that were circulated by Communist or ganization. but were more or less disguised. Washington observers are saying that his charges are sq sweeping and ridiculous they appear amus ing until one stops to think about them And prominent Protestant clergymen are protesting the state ment to anyone and everyone who will listen. They are pointing out that men of pacifist faith are some times hoodwinked by cunning prop agandists, but it does not make them fellow travelers. By the same token, they report that because a Springfield, Mass., Catholic clergyman visited Moscow in 1944 and returned to repeat Rus sian propaganda does not mean that the Catholic clergy as a whole, or any part of it, are fellow trav elers. . The explosion that has followed Matthews’ article is having its po litical repercussions, also. Political observers are pointing out that Senator McCarthy immediately came to the defense of his inves tigator. This was ill-advised, ob servers are saying, since the Wis consin senator is a prominent Catholic layman. But more important, it has caused the first split within the McCarthy committee itself. Three members of the committee. Sena tors McClelland of Arkansas, Sym ington of Missouri and Jackson of Washington, are demanding Matthews’ -^scalp. They may not get it, observers say, but a lively fight is in prospect on the issue. Matthews article makes an even more ridiculous charge against Protestant clergymen than that of many supporting the Communist apparatus in the U. S. He shows that some Protestant clergymen have objected to the McCarran Act. What is so ridiculous about this implication, observers say, is that the President of the United States. Dwight D. Eisenhower, himself has objected to the McCarran Act and at the moment is insisting upon its amendment. ^ This unpleasant and unsupported article by a paid investigator who is supported by Senator McCarthy may have more far reaching re sults than he or anyone else thought. • Senator Aiken of Vermont, chairman of the Senate Agricul ture Committee, recently made a prediction that most Washington observers are willing to accept He predicts the Republican adminis tration will face the voters next year with a farm price support program about like that now on the statute books. He thinks there may be some changes in the law, but docs not expect major re vision. “There probably will be an ef fort to place permanent price sup ports on the books, but I think con gress will want to keep its finger on that situation,” he says. From the Cedar Springs Clipper, Cedar Springs, Michigan: A print er’s devil is a term common to newspaper offices, but what about snakes? Last week a blow snake wiggled its way the 100-foot length of The Clipper print shop, from back door to front, unconcerned and unafraid. But not so The Clipper staff. Agnes Behrendt, linotype operator, and Susie Anderson, office assistant, climbed screaming atop nearest chairs, while Bob Spicer and Os car Goller, printers, cheered. The Clipper editor was in Butter- worth hospital, the advertising ex ecutive in Detroit, or they prob ably would have been suspended from the ceiling as Mr. Blow Snake took over. • • • From The Herington Advertiser- Times, Herington, Kansas: The Sixteenth Amendment to the Con stitution which became effective in 1913 and gave the federal gov ernment the power to lay a direct tax on the incomes of the people, was the seed from which the social istic welfare state idea grew in this country. Actually, not one of us has a constitutional right re maining to one penny of our in come. The unlimited power to tax the incomes of the people reversed the basic concept of government on which our republic is founded. It made government master of the people, rather than their servant. Most of us, still startled by the tremendous chunks of our income that went to pay federal taxes last year, begin to agree with the idea that the only way to prevent con fiscatory taxation is to now limit, by Constitutional amendment, the income taxing power of govern ment. This is the only way we can hope to preserve representative government and a free economy. Relief will never come from tax collectors but only through changes forced by taxpayers. • • • From the Somerset American, Somerset, Pa.: John L. Lewis has called upon congress to develop new uses for coal. The head of the United Mine Workers points out that gasoline may be made out of coal and that for the national de fense, it should be. The question arises, should con gress be the agency through which coal is converted into gasoline? That which is done by the gov ernment is done uneconomically, often wastefully. That which is done by private corporations is done more efficiently and at less cost. The Pittsburgh Consolidated Coal company has done a great deal to ward the development of new uses for coal and has probably done a better job than the government would have done. WEEKLY CROSSWORD PUZZLE U. S. Representative Here’s the Answer HORIZONTAL 1,9 Pictured U.S. representative 14 Art of flying 15 Odd 16 Finest 17 Killer <suffix) 19 Expensive 20 Anger 21 Individual 2 Opposed 3 Sage 4 Rodent 5 Diminutive suffix 6 Pleasant 7 Coconut fiber 8 Finishes 9 Thus 10 Mire 27 Smooth 30 Rye beard 48 Brain passage 49 Rod istics 13 Recluse 18 Dawn (prefix) 21 Gift 22 Gold lumps 25 Sheep-like 23 Demure (coll.) 11 Entry 24 While ^ Character- 25 Either 26 Pronoun 28 Note of scale 29 Depart 31 Visitor 33 He is from (ab.) 34 Aeriform fluid 35 Velvety fabric 37 Occurrence 40 Exist 41 Half an em 42 Tellurium (symbol) 43 Chaldean city 44 Place 46 Honor examination 51 Sheep’s cry 52 Dash 54 Pack 55 Repair 56 Contradict 58 Refinement 60 Pricked 61 Took offense VERTICAL 1 Pertaining to the lies 32 Compass point 50 Is indebted 35 Documents 36 Charm 38 Shade of difference 39 Exchanged 45 Forbidden 47 Rupees (ab.) 51 Twisted 53 Convent worker 55 Male 57 Type genus (ab.) 59 Earth goddess 1 2 3 4 5 b 7 8 9 10 II 12 13 14 15 lb m 17 18 14 20 tl 21 22 is 23 24 Y'k: 25 2b 27 28 24 30 M Srj 31 32 1 .MbCffg 34 [ 35 3b 37 38 3^ so 41 42 43 44 45 ®| H7 48 44 50 vgf/. 51 52 S3 5 H 55 So ~ 57 58 54 bQ bl Q—How many Members of Congress are veterans of the armed force*? A—Three hundred and nine—64 in the Senate and 245 in the House. Q—How much has the U. S. spent for foreign aid since 1940? A—U. S. foreign aid from 1940 through 1952 totaled $90.3 billion, $41 bil lion of it since the end of World War II. Net expenditures, however, total $78.6 billion because $11.7 billion has been paid back to the U. S. Q—Has the greater part of U. S. postwar foreign aid been economic or military? A—Economic, by a ratio of $35 billion to $6 billion through 1952. The emphasis recently has shifted, however. In 1952, military aid ex ceeded economic assistance for the first time since the end of World War H. Q—How deep in the hole has the Post Office Department been going? A—The latest firm figures available, for fiscal 1952. show the deficit was about $727 million. The Senate Appropriations Committee esti mates that the fiscal 1953 deficit will prove to be about $642 million. Postmaster General Arthur E. Summerfield June 25 predicted the deficit for fiscal 1954 would be about $594 million. He has asked for rate increases to bring in $241 million annually, and has put into effect other measures for reducing the deficit. (Copyright 1953. Congressional Quarterly! i : n- DaleCarmegie / AUTHOR OF “HOW TO STOP WORRYING AND START LIVING’’ Helping Hand—For a Price