The sun. [volume] (Newberry, S.C.) 1937-1972, March 08, 1946, Image 6
THE NEWBERRY SUN. NEWBERRY. S. C.
‘Better Living Conditions’ for Birds, Beasts
Is Objective of American Wildlife Institute
Research, training ot young men for administration in game man
agement and conservation, and scientific experiment for the conservation
of all our natural resources are objectives of the American Wildlife
Institute.
By WALTER A. SHEAD
WNU Washtnfton Correspondent.
ELIEVE it or not, there is an or
ganization in Washington which
has no propagandist, no high-pow
ered publicity staff, and is non-profit
and non-political.
It is the American Wildlife In
stitute, formulated back in 1911 un
der the name of the American
Game Protective association and in
corporated in 1935 under its preserit
name, but with the same backers
and sponsors, headed by former
Senator Frederic C. Walcott of Con
necticut, “daddy” of much of the
conservation legislation which has
been enacted into law during the
past quarter of a century.
So the American Wildlife Institute
is a non-profit, non-partisan corpo
ration, supported by the voluntary
contributions of industries, organi
zations and individuals interested in
the preservation of American wild
life and conservation of natural re
sources in all its phases.
Its objectives are three-fold: (1)
to encourage co-operation and co
ordination of effort of all groups and
individuals interested in conserva
tion of natural resources; (2) to as
sist in finding and presenting to the
public facts about wildlife and these
natural resources; and (3) to pro
vide facilities for training young
men in the latest scientific methods
of game management and conser
vation.
In carrying out these objectives
the American Wildlife Institute has
become a central co-ordinating
agency in liaison and co-operation
with and between such organizations
as the Izaak Walton League, the
American Forest association, the
Audubon society, Zoological and
Biological Associations, State De
partments of Conservation, Land
Grant Colleges and Universities, the
U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and
the Conservation Division of the de
partment of agriculture.
Work on Broad Front.
It spends its money to obtain
these objectives by the publication
of books and technical pamphlets
at no profit, for the benefit of all
phases of conservation; by spon
soring and financing the annual
North American Wildlife conference;
After an absence of more than 50
years Atlantic salmon have re
turned to spawning grounds in four
Maine rivers, after American Wild
life Institute had cleaned out the
Maine rivers ruined as spawning
grounds by the lumber industry.
by the establishment of chairs and
schools of wildlife conservation in
colleges and universities for training
young men in every phase of natural
resources, for technical research and
in methods of game management
and conservation; by conducting re
search itself and in co-operation
with other organizations in wildlife
and land management and use,
stream pollution, and by bring
ing about better co-ordination and
co-operation between groups and in
dividuals engaged in the production,
administration and use of natural
resources.
For several years the American
Wildlife Institute has financed the
research into migratory fowl at the
Delta duck station in Manitoba,
Canada, in conjunction with the
University of Wisconsin and Michi
gan State college, with James F.
Bell, famous authority on migratory
fowl, as superintendent of the proj
ect. In 1943, Ducks Unlimited be
came a co-operator. This scientific
study of migratory ducks and geese
has to do mostly with these wild
fowl on their breeding grounds. Oth
er studies of the birds in their mi
gration across the United States has
led to the undertaking of an ambi
tious scientific research project of
what happens to migratory birds
when they reach Mexico and other
Central American countries where
they winter
So for two years this study has
been going on, largely financed by
American Wildlife Institute, but con
ducted by the Pan American Union,
an international organization com
posed of representatives of the Cen
tral and South American Republics.
In its zeal to train young men in
scientific knowledge in all phases
of conservation, the Wildlife Insti
tute has fostered and helped finance
schools for this purpose at the land
grant state universities in Alabama,
Iowa, Maine, Missouri, Ohio, Oregon,
Pennsylvania, Texas, Utah and Vir
ginia, while, through the influence of
the institute, schools also have been
established at Purdue university in
Indiana and in New York.
Quarter Million to Schools.
The institute has expended ap
proximately $250,000 in the estab
lishment and maintenance of these
schools. In so doing, it operates
through the U. S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, the State Departments of
Conservation of Wildlife and the
universities. Approximately 500
trained men are now engaged in
various phases of wildlife conser
vation and land use. Many are hold
ing important government and state
jobs in forestry, wildlife manage
ment, with zoological and biologi
cal gardens and organizations.
Another instance of conservation
fostered and largely financed by the
institute was the restoration of the
salmon fishing industry on the At
lantic coast. Fifty years or so ago,
Atlantic salmon disappeared from
Maine due to the destruction of
spawning grounds in the Maine
fresh water rivers by the lumber
industry. Sawdust coated the bot
toms of streams and tannic acid
from the sawdust polluted the water
to such an extent the salmon were
killed off and a flourishing industry
died.
In 1940 a fellowship was estab
lished in the University of Maine
for the purpose of studying the pos
sibilities of restoring the Atlantic
salmon to the important streams
in the Northeast. Through these
studies and co-operation with the
institute, a method so easy and in
expensive was devised, that the
sponsors are amazed at the results.
Huge “egg beaters” Were attached
to small boats sent into the Ma-
chias, the Dennys, the Narraguagus
and the Penobscot rivers. These
egg beaters, operating in the spring
of the year at high water, churned
up the beds of these rivers so thor
oughly that the sawdust caking was
washed out and into the sea. Then
millions of salmon eggs were
brought down from New Brunswick
and installed in troughs for hatch
ing in the rivers. This spring saw
the first return of the Atlantic salmon
for spawning and they swarmed
back into these four Maine rivers
by the millions.
The American Wildlife Institute is
particularly interested in land use
on the theory that if land and water
are utilized properly we will auto
matically have wildlife. Clinton
R. Gutermuth, executive secretary
of the institute, who occupies a mod
est office in a downtown Washington
building, declares, “we can’t have
wildlife without the co-operation of
farmers.”
“Most certainly,” the Hoosier-
trained secretary said, “we can’t
take good farm land, and by the
same token, farmers should not at
tempt to farm land fit only for re
forestation or as cover for wild
life.”
Thousands of acres of land in this
country have been stolen from its
natural state and thousands upon
thousands of dollars of public money
has been spent in the vain attempt
to make farm land out of submar
ginal and other land fit only for
its natural state.
One such area, it is pointed out,
was the Kankakee marshes in
northern Indiana and Illinois. The
two states and the federal govern
ment spent many thousands of dol
lars in the attempt to convert these
thousands of acres of marshes into
farm land. When it was found
the land would not raise crops, aft
er decades of frustration, the land
is now being allowed to return to
its natural state. And during the
past few years, the financial return
from the recreational and other fea
tures, of this natural wildlife habi
tat each year has been more than
was realized by farmers in all the
years cultivation was attempted.
Another such area is the so-called
grand flats in Wisconsin, an area
thousands of acres in extent where
a few years ago nothing but aban
doned homes were seen for miles,
and much of which is now being al
lowed to return to its natural state.
Grow Cover Where Possible.
Mr. Gutermuth believes that ev
ery farmer can correlate his land
into the two schools, natural and
agricultural. For instance, along
the woods lot on almost every farm
there is 50 or more feet which will
barely raise a crop. This land could
be permitted to grow into cover.
The banks of ditches and streams
would, within a few years, become
a natural habitat for wildlife if
permitted to grow into a natural
state. And reforestation of some
land, suitable for that purpose, will
not only reap a rich harvest for
farmers in the way of lumber and
wood, but will also provide nat
ural cover for wildlife.
The American Wildlife Institute is
also vitally interested in proper land
use of rolling land, in erosion and
in contour plowing and cultivation
to retain the rich top soil and the
natural wealth of farm land. It has
aided in much research in this
phase of conservation.
The North American Wildlife
conference staged each year by the
institute is the forum where tech
nical men in all branches of con
servation meet and exchange in
formation and where results of the
year’s research are made public to
teachers, professors, laboratory
technicians, administrators and su
pervisors and to the general public.
Approximately 1,000 delegates
from every state, Mexico, Canada,
England and France are expected
to attend this year’s conference at
the Hotel Pennsylvania in New
York. The general theme will be
“The Place of Wildlife in a Chang
ing World.”
Streams and their steep banks are
not suitable for pasture or cropland.
It is much better to plant a broad
strip along each side of the creek
with clover or other rough, strong
cover. Some willows or other trees
that thrive near water should be
set out too, both for cover and to
help keep the banks from washing
away. In Illinois and northern In
diana great areas of marshland
were returned to their natural state
after many unsuccessful years of
attempted farming.
Serve Cake for Your Sunday Best
(See Recipes Below)
Distinctive Cakes
Homemakers will approach the
task of deciding desserts more light-
heartedly when
there’s a luscious
cake stored
away in the mys
terious recesses
of the cupboard.
Besides, it’s an
elegant idea to
have cakes on hand in case un
expected guests drop in.
Then, too, those of you who want
to raise money for your church or
club group might want to have a
sale of home-baked goods. Cakes,
of course, will bring handsome prof
its if the cakes are light and
feathery, and frosted beautifully.
When making a cake, try using
a cake or pastry flour. These flours
made of soft wheat contain less
gluten than all-purpose flour, and
will give cake a better, softer tex
ture. Follow the methods given,
either that of creaming the shorten
ing and sugar, or using the one-
bowl method. Recipes must be test
ed for each type of method, and it
is best to use the directions as
they are given here.
All the cake recipes have been
tested for freshness. You’ll find they
keep exceedingly well when covered
or kept in a cake tin.
From the south comes this yum
my cake with the unusual flavor of
pecans in its base:
Pecan Cake.
3 cups pecans, finely ground
6 eggs
1 cup sugar
1 tablespoon flour
teaspoon salt
1 teaspoon baking powder
1 teaspoon vanilla
Beat the egg yolks until light, add
sugar gradually. Add nuts to the
flour which has been sifted with
salt and baking powder. Stir in
stiffly-beaten egg whites and flavor
ing. Pour into two eight-inch pans
which have been well greased and
lined with greased waxed paper.
Bake in a moderate oven (350 de
grees) for 35 to 40 minutes. Top light
ly with sweetened whipped cream
and fresh fruit. Bananas, pineapple,
raspberries and strawberries are a
treat!
If you want a cake with a melt-
in-your-mouth quality try a spice
cake made with
sour cream and a
fine combination
of spices. There’s
interesting tex
ture and flavor
given from the
mashed bananas
that go into the cake itself.
Spice Cake.
14 cup butter or shortening
1V& cups brown sugar
4 eggs
3 bananas, mashed fine
LYNN SAYS
When You Buy, Take Care: If
you are selecting poultry, see that
the bird is plump, firm and well-
rounded. The skin should be
smooth and without discoloration.
Clear, even yellow-white color is
best. Avoid birds that look ex
tremely blue or gray. Look for
a flexible breast bone, smooth feet
and claws for roasting, broiling or
frying purposes.
In buying fish, be sure that the
flesh is firmly attached to the
backbone. This flesh should
show no mark when pressed with
the thumb. There will be little
fishy smell if the fish is really
fresh. The eyes should be clear
and bulging, not sunken.
Vegetables should be firm, full-
bodied and fresh appearing.
Guard against wilted, shriveled
tops, and bruises. Any vegeta
bles which are in the pod should
be moist, not dry.
Look for fruits that are as fresh
as possible—firm and full-bodied.
It is best to buy by weight rath
er than by bunches or the dozen.
LYNN CHAMBERS’
MENU IDEAS
Macaroni-Cheese Loaf
Tossed Carrot Salad Green Peas
Whole Wheat Bread
Jam or Jelly
Ice Cream with
Butterscotch Sauce
Beverage
1 cop sour milk
2 teaspoons cinnamon
Vn teaspoon each, nutmeg, allspice,
cloves
2V£ cups cake flour
3 teaspoons baking powder
Cream together the butter and su
gar, add beaten egg yolks and
bananas. Sift dry ingredients and
add alternately with the milk. Fold
in stiffly beaten egg whites. Bake
in layer cake pans or large oolong
pan.
Marshmallow Icing.
Combine 2 unbeaten egg whites
with 1% cups granulated sugar. Add
Vh teaspoons corn syrup and 5 ta
blespoons water. Cock rapidly over
boiling water for seven minutes,
beating constantly with a rotary
beater. Then add 8 marshmallows
which have been softened over hot
water. Add I teaspoon vanilla ex
tract and beat until icing stands in
peaks. Spread on cooled cake and
dot primly with bits of maraschino
or candied cherries.
If you want to save time and
energy, you will
want to use this
frosty lemon cake
right away. It’s
made in one bowl
and requires
only accurate
measurements
and a specified
amount of beating time.
Frosty Lemon Cake.
2 cups sifted cake flour
1V4 cups sugar
3V4 teaspoons baking powder
1'teaspoon salt
V5 cup shortening
1 cup milk
1% teaspoons vanilla
3 egg whites, unbeaten
Put dry ingredients—flour, sugar,
baking powder, salt and shortening
—in one large bowl. Add about %
of the milk, then vanilla and beat
until smooth. Add remaining milk
and egg whites before 100 strokes
have been completed. Scrape bowl
and spoon often during mixing. The
batter will be quite thin, but very
smooth. Bake in two greased 8-inch
cake tins in a moderate oven (350 de
grees) 30 to 35 minutes. Spread lem
on filling between the layers and dust
with powdered sugar.
Lemon Filling.
Vi cup sugar
3 tablespoons flour
•A- teaspoon salt
ii cup lemon juice
Grated rind of 1 lemon
Vi cup water
3 egg yolks, slightly beaten
Mix sugar, flour, salt together.
Add lemon juice and rind and mix
well. Add water and egg yolks.
Blend carefully. Place over hot wa
ter and cook until smooth and
thick, stirring constantly (about 15
minutes). Cool and spread between
cake layers.
Chocolate Cake Filling.
1 square unsweetened chocolate
Vi cup milk
6 tablespoons sugar
2 tablespoons flour
Vi teaspoon salt
1 tablespoon butter
1 teaspoon vanilla
Vi cup cream, whipped
Add chocolate to milk in double
boiler. When chocolate is melted,
beat with a rotary egg beater until
well blended. Combine sugar, flour
and salt and add gradually to choco
late mixture. Cook until thickened,
stirring constantly. Then cook five
minutes, stirring occasionally. Add
butter and vanilla. Chill thoroughly,
then fold in whipped cream.
Released by Western N wspaper Union.
SEWING CIRCLE PATTERNS
Cover-All Apron From One Yard
A Youthful, Attractive Two-Piecer
Bib Apron
Y OU’LL want to make up sev
eral of these pretty and practi
cal bib aprons—it just takes one
yard of material in the smaller
sizes. Choose gay, cheerful fab
rics in checks or floral prints. A
wonderful gift idea for bazaars
and showers.
mm*
Pattern No. 8977 comes In sizes 32, 34,
36. 38, 40. 42. 44 and 46. Size 34 takes
one yard of 36- or 39-inch material; 2%
yards binding to trim.
Two-Piece Frock
A LEADER in the fashion pa
rade fot spring is the attrac
tive two-piece frock. This smart
and well fitting version has a
youthful U-shaped neckline, ties
at the waist for a trim, neat look,
and a simple skirt. If you like,
have the blouse in a light mate
rial, the skirt dark, for a change.
\ ASK ME \
l ANOTHER I ?
A General Quiz
I
f
<^* o- o- O- O- O* O— O- <v. (*—
1. How long is the Panama
canal?
2. What philosopher said: "I
think, therefore I am”?
3. Death Valley is how many feet
below sea level?
4. What man was “Father of the
Atlantic Cable”?
5. Billingsgate is London’s what?
6. How many books has the Li
brary of Congress in Washing
ton, D. C.?
7. For whom is the Smithsonian
institution in Washington, D.
C., named?
8. There is a lake 6 miles long,
4 miles wide in the crater of a
volcano. It is 6,000 feet above
sea level, yet never freezes.
What is it called?
The Answers
1. It is 50.4 miles long.
2. Descartes.
3. It is 276 feet below sea level.
4. Cyrus W. Field.
5. Fish market.
6. More than 6,000,000.
7. James Smithson, British chem
ist, who left $500,000 to estab
lish the institution.
8. Crater lake in Oregon.
Pattern No. 8P90 Is designed for sized
12. 14. 16, 18. 20; 40 and 42. Size 14 take*
S'/, yards of 35- or 39-incb material.
Due to an unusually large demand and
current conditions, slightly more time la
required in filling orders for a few of the
most popular pattern numbers.
Send your order to:
SEWING CIRCLE PATTERN »E*»T.
530 South Wells St. Chicago t. 111.
Enclose 25 cents in coins for each
pattern desired.
Pattern No. — —
Name—
Address-
Whh-h! (Can
Breathe
Aqatni'k
If your nose some-
times fills up with stuffy transient con
gestion-put a few drops of Va-tro-nol
in each nostril. It quickly reduces con
gestion and makes breathing easier in
a hurry . . . gives grand relief from
sniffy, sneezy, stuffy distress of head
colds. Follow directions in the package.
VICKS VA-TRO-NOL
MARY
MARTIN
st* of
m °„nt P'^oomcd. well-
many Hollywood stars
informed HoRy^ po wder.
who use Cal * nobbles, Inc-
McKesson &
Bridgeport, Conn.
CMOX ro-“.
Buy U. S. Savings Bonds!
Hardworking
MUSCLES
rely SB SLOAN’S
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to quick relief — just pat on
Sloan's Liniment, pat out mus
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&
Tired Aching Muscles * Sprains
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