The sun. [volume] (Newberry, S.C.) 1937-1972, July 26, 1940, Image 3
THE SUN. NEWBERRY. S. C, FRIDAY. JULY 26. 1940
■Mi
150 Years Ago Uncle Sam Was Saying:
'I Want You for My Army,' but He Had
Much Less to Offer Than He Has Today
By ELMO SCOTT WATSON
(Released by Western Newspaper Union.)
Y OU see it everywhere
now—on sidewalk bill
boards that stand in
front of post offices or in the
corridors of other public
buildings. It’s a poster in
which an arresting figure
catches the eye and holds it
long enough to deliver this
laconic message to the young
men of America:
It’s a part of Uncle Sam’s
campaign to increase one of
his arms of defense to a new
peacetime strength of 480,000
men. For, if the flames of
war leap across the Atlantic
and the forces of totalitarian
ism threaten his land, Uncle
Sam intends to be prepared
in time to resist them suc
cessfully.
One hundred and fifty years ago
he was engaged in a similar cam
paign, yet how different! There
was no such emergency then as
now, although Uncle Sam, then
but a stripling, had already heard
the rumblings of an imminent war
across the ocean. More than
that, two disasters to his puny
army on the western frontier had
made him uncomfortably aware
of how inadequate he was to de
fend the new nation if trouble
came to its shores.
From its beginnings, the United
States has been a peace-loving
nation and has figuratively leaned
over backwards to avoid any
semblance of militarism. The
founding fathers, seeing in Europe
the results of despotic power sup
ported by p strong military estab
lishment, resolved that there
should be no such thing here to
hinder their efforts to establish a
government whose power would
be derived “from the consent of
the governed.”
When Washington became our
first President two of the prin
cipal objectives of his adminis
tration were the establishment of
a strong financial system and a
sound military organization. Al
exander Hamilton, his secretary
of the treasury, provided the for
mer, but Gen. Henry Knox, his
secretary of war, had more dif
ficulty in securing the latter.
Knox prepared a plan for com
pulsory military training and
service, which Washington recom
mended to congress on January 1,
1790. It was not favorably received,
mainly because Knox, in his letter
of transmittal, said that his pro
posed continental militia would
protect the country from internal
as well as external enemies and
he also stressed his opinion that
“the government should possess
a strong corrective arm.”
The secretary’s choice of words
was unfortunate, especially at
this particular time when con
gress was trying to safeguard the
liberties of the people by enact
ing a Bill of Eights as the first
amendments to the Constitu
tion. Naturally a proposal for “a
strong corrective arm” rang
harshly on the congressional ear
and Knox’s plan was rejected.
First National Defense Bill.
On July 1, 1790, Elias Boudinot
of New Jersey introduced a .ia-
tional defense bill which proposed
that the organization and training
of our peacetime army consist of
grouping all the younger men in
special “light infantry com
panies” in each regiment of the
general militia. If war came,
these companies could be assem
bled into battalions and regi
ments and thus form a new Con
tinental army. Similar com
panies were to be formed in the
other branches of the service and
all of them were to have a “sound
system of discipline” and be
trained under federal supervision.
The first congress failed to act
on the Boudinot bill and in the
first session of the second con
gress a similar measure was in
troduced by Jeremiah Wadsworth
of Connecticut. But before it was
finally passed it was so amended
and emasculated that Wadsworth
himself voted “no” on it.
Washington, though greatly dis
appointed in this new militia law,
nevertheless signed ’t with the
Recruiting Instructions
jpor ~s£afi(oun fcrAns
oj^ i&Z, *—
■ ■ in the c/enviet of ihc Untied iaU*.
SIR.
rpf ilii
■J kl
Pr ■ n ——
^ y,.j ire immediately to commence the
recruiting fervice in the Sute of— G<yn*vt SOCtuti The principal
rendezvous will be at — cHielcLtt&Utrv^
Q uteCt, »je+vL*i/~ -owe.
Tour recruits will be furnilhed by-
aj~ 1 with rations, barracks, barrack atenfils,
draw and fuel) and alfo with fuch neceflary medicinal sdlftinfe as they may
require.
vice is fbraetim
Gen. Henry Knox, secretary of war, was sending these instructions to
his recruiting officers back in 1792.
hope that it might be amended
later. How worthless was this
law was proved two decades later
when the nation tried to assem
ble an army to repel the invasion
of the British in the War of 1812.
It failed miserably with the result
that the enemy easily defeated
the defenders of Washington, cap
tured that city and burned the
Capitol and the White House.
Meanwhile events on the fron
tier already had proved that our
regular army was inadequate to
perform the tasks expected of it.
In 1790 it suffered a severe re
verse under the leadership of Gen.
Josiah Harmar who was sent to
subdue the hostile tribes in the
Old Northwest. The next year
occurred the defeat and rout of
the army led by Gen. Arthur St.
Clair, the worst military disaster
in America since the days of
Braddock. These two fiasedes
not only resulted in the Indians
renewing their attacks on the
western settlements with even
greater fury but they indicated
to an alarmed country how im
potent was the new federal gov
ernment.
More than that, France and
England were on the verge of re
newing their ancient feud and
there was danger of the United
States being drawn into it. All
of these factors pointed to the
urgent necessity of our strength
ening our forces for national
defense. So Secretary Knox
launched his recruiting campaign
to obtain a regular army that
would be equal to the task of de
feating the confederation of tribes
which had been formed by Chief
Little Turtle of the Miamis.
In the light of the present drive
to increase our army, the instruc
tions to recruiting officers sent
out by Secretary Knox in 1792
Mtivx
make interesting reading today.
Indicative of the difficulties which
the federal government was hav
ing in those days is the secre
tary’s statement that “The re
cruiting service is sometimes
abused, both as it respects the
individuals recruited and the pub
lic at large—that is, recruits are
unwarily and unworthily enran-
gled, contrary to their intentions;
such men generally desert the
service, at some critical moment,
or serve grudgingly, and set bad
examples to others; or, unsuit
able persons are engaged, who
are constitutionally defective and
unfit for the hardships incident to
a military life ... In order there
fore to avoid the errors of this
business, the following instruc
tions are to serve as the general
rules and principles of your con
duct.”
Knox’s Recruiting Instructions.
He then goes on to list the reg
ulations governing recruiting.
Some of them were as follows:
The recruits are to be Inlisted (or
three years, unless sooner discharged.
Each recruit Is to receive a bounty of
Eight Dollars; but no part of this sum
is to be advanced until the recruit shall
have been fairly inlisted and sworn be
fore a Magistrate, according to the form
herein prescribed, and then only the said
sum is to be advanced in such propor
tions as the Judgment of the recruiting
oHicer shall dictate, until experience
shall in some degree have ascertained
the fidelity of the recruit.
Every recruitirg officer shall be al
lowed the sum of Two Dollars, for the
trouble and expence of inlisting each re
cruit;—provided however, that such al
lowance will not be made for any re
cruit who shall desert before he shall
march from the rendezvous of the troops
in the State where he shall have been
recruited.
The utmost fairness is to be used by
the recruiting officers, in engaging their
recruits; no individual therefore Is to be
inlisted in a state of intoxication, or to
be sworn until after he shall have been
inlisted for the space of twenty-four
hours.
Each recruit (musicians excepted)
must be five feet and five inches in
heighth, without shoes: he must also be
healthy, robust, and sound in his Umbs
and body. In all respects; and to ascer
tain which he must be thoroughly ex
amined, previously to inlh-tment, by a
Physician or Surgeon;—but if, notwith
standing this direction, a recruit should
have any secret disease at the time of
his Inllstment, the expence of his cure,
If retained In service, shall be deducted
from his pay.
Each recruit, before he is sworn, is to
have distinctly read to him the rules and
articles of war against mutiny and deser
tion, and relative to the administration
of Justice; and also the Act of Congress
of the 30th of April 1790, establishing
the rations, clothing, and compensation
in cases of disability; and the Act of the
5th of March 1792. establishing the pay;
after which he is to take the following
Oath, before a Magistrate, to wit:
‘T A. B. do solemnly swear (or affirm,
as the case may be) to bear true alle
giance to the United States of America,
and to serve them honestly and faithfully
against all their enemies or opposers
whomsoever, and to observe and to obey
the orders of the President of the United
States of America, and the orders of the
officers appointed over me according to
the articles of war."
Each recruit (musicians excepted)
must be above eighteen and under forty
five years of age.
No negro, mulatto, or Indian, to be
recruited.
All the recruits, if possible, to be na
tives of fair conduct, or foreigners of
good character for sobriety and fidelity,
and who have been some years In the
country. Any recruiting officer Inllstlng
a vagrant, or transient person, who shall
desert before marching from the place
of rendezvous, shall reimburse out of his
pay the loss sustained by such deser
tion—It is therefore important that the
officers be attentive on this point, as a
compliance with this order will be rigidly
exacted. The public interests will be
better served by a small army of brave,
robust, and faithful soldiers, than by a
multitude of vagabonds.
As soon as the recruits shall be as
sembled at the rendezvous, they are to
be taught, by gentle methods, regularity
of conduct, as It shall respect cleanli
ness of their persons, diet and rooms,
and also due subordination, and they are
to be exercised at least four hours in
every day, in the attitudes and other first
principles of a soldier.
Qualifications Today.
Compare with those specifica
tions laid down by Henry Knox,
the qualifications for enlistment in
the regular army today:
Applicants must be between
the ages of 18 and 35 for original
enlistment, unmarried, without
other dependents, and those un
der 21 must have the written con
sent of parents or guardians; they
must be at least five feet four
inches in height, and weigh not
less than 115 pounds; they must
be of good moral character as
evidenced by written testimoni
als from reputable citizens of
their respective communities;
they must be in good health and
free from incapacitating or dis
figuring deformities; they must
be citizens of the United States
by birth or naturalization at the
time of enlistment; and they
must be able to pass certain in
telligence and literacy tests pre
scribed for the regular army.
Monthly rates of pay for the
several grades as prescribed by
law at present are as follows:
Master sergeant, $126 to
$157.50; technical sergeant, $84
to $105; staff sergeant, $72 to $90;
sergeant, $54 to $67.50; corporal,
$42 to $52.50; private, first class,
$30 to $37.50; private, $21 to
$26.25.
The first figure given in each in
stance is the pay of the grade
during the first four years of
service. This amount is in
creased by 5 per cent every four
years, until a total of 25 per cent
has been added. In addition to
the foregoing, numerous special
ists ratings are provided for pri
vates and privates, first class,
whereby their pay is materially
increased.
In addition to these monthly
wages, Uncle Sam furnishes
clothing, food, housing and free
medical and dental treatment.
In view of all these facts it is
easy to understand why he is hav
ing a greater and readier re
sponse to his “I want YOU for
the United States Army” than he
would likely have had if it had
been uttered back in 1792!
A S A rule we can usually check on
this date just where the leaders
belong and who should dominate the
remainder of the campaign. It
doesn’t happen to work in that di
rection this passing year of 1940.
When we have Max Baer and Tony
Galento fighting to see which entry
will be tossed in
against Joe Louis,
you get a general
idea of the heavy
weight matter.
Which means that
Joe Louis is still the
main standout, al
most the only stand
out in sport today.
This goes for all
sports.
A year ago the
Yankees were again
running away with
the American league pennant. But
not this season.
Back in April Bimelech was
picked as another wonder horse. He
still tops the three-year-olds, but he
isn’t any wonder horse. Two de
feats, including the Kentucky Derby,
have ent into his laurel collection.
Grantland Bice
With Challedon under repairs,
with Kayak sick, there have been
no top handicap horses. One wins,
and then another. Again no stand
outs.
Some three-year-old, maybe Bim
elech, will have to hurry to save
the crop.
The golfers have been in the same
fix. Byron Nelson failed in his 1940
defense of the title as Lawson Little
moved in. With the confidence de
veloped from this victory Little may
set another smoking pace, such as
he put through in the amateur divi
sion. But he is in a much tougher
league now. Anyway, the ex-ama
teur star has a great chance to be
come one of the outstanding figures
of golf.
He has a tough title to defend
when you must beat off 1,100 chal
lengers in place of one or two.
This, in a way, is all the better
for building up public interest.
Yanks Now on Short End
Take up the difference shown in
the American league race. A year
ago we had only the Yankees—prac
tically losing the rest of the league.
Now we have four ball clubs with a
chance, and the Yankees have only
an outside chance. Rated 1 to 3 when
the season opened, they are far
from being fivorifei with the race
about half run. This has trebled in
terest in Cleveland, Detroit and Bos
ton, as well as other cities.
A race, to the mob, is always more
interesting than a runaway.
Bill McKechnie’s Reds represent
the most consistent combination in
baseball for 1939
and 1940. They
were leading the
league a year ago,
and they are still
the team to beat
for 1940.
They have more
opposition this sea
son than they faced
last summer. But
they are still the
most consistent
ball club at the
half-mile post.
They have the better pitching, day
in and day out, to call upon.
BUI McKechnie
Tennis Crop Blighted
Amateur tennis had little left when
Don Budge retired. With Wimble
don and the Davis Cup eliminated,
tennis had to take one on the point
of the chin.
The game is still looking for some
personality—such as McLoughlin,
Bill Johnston, Bill Tilden, Ellsworth
Vines or Budge. There is no such
party around at this writing. So far
the crop is colorless.
In baseball, the slump of DiMag-
gio, Dickey and others has been
offset by such pitching stars as
Bob Feller and Buck Newsom.
There is only a sUght chance that
any home-run hitter will reach the
50 mark. FeUer has the best chance
to pick up 30 victories and he may
reach this highly desirable spot.
Bob Feller might easUy be base
ball’s standout for the present year
—a star pitcher hooked up with a
leading baU club.
But when you sum up the list the
one outstander—the lone eagle in the
sporting eyrie—is still Joe Louis.
He is champion of the champs.
And this goes for all the sporting
fields we know today, horse or man,
or man or horse. Not only as a
fighter but in the way he has con
ducted himself, Louis is practically
all alone.
Only a big upheaval through the
remainder of 1940 can change this
rating or ranking.
Buck Newsom Rides Again
No one can say that Louis Norman
(“Buck”) Newsom hasn’t seen his
share of baseball scenery. In th«
last 12 years Buck has played with
at least 12 different teams in six or
seven leagues, and here he is today
burning up the American with a
varied assortment of wares.
Buck was bom in Hartsville, S.
C., 32 years ago. He had to wander
a long time to reach his peak.
His first and tallest upward lunge
took place two years ago when he
won 20 ball games for the Browns.
Household Ncius
IK1L metse-
SERVE A SUCCULENT STEW
(Recipes Below)
There’s something so homey and
tasty about a good stew, that most
folks feel cheated unless a stew of
one sort or another appears on the
family table fairly regularly.
There are stews and stews, of
course—lamb stews with feathery
light dumplings
and an assort
ment of vegeta
bles to add flavor
(and vitamins!);
hearty Mulligan
stews; and stews
of chicken that
masquerade under all sorts of fancy
names.
There are even “Cinderella
Stews,” which start out as leftovers
and end up as a well-seasoned one-
dish meal.
Remember that “serving a stew”
is an economical measure, and a
time-saving one, as 49611. Stews and
meat pies usuaUy make use of the
less expensive cuts of meat. Their
preparation is simple, and they
make a satisfying “One-dish meal,”
indeed.
Lamb Stew With Mint Dumplings.
Vi cup butter
2 Vi pounds lamb (cut in pieces)
4 cups boiling water
1 tablespodn salt
Vi teaspoon pepper
% cup carrots (sliced)
3 cups potatoes (cut in cubes)
3 onions (sliced)
IVi cups tomatoes (canned)
Vi cup flour
Vi cup cold water
Heat butter in large saucepan.
Add meat and brown. Add boiling
water, and seasonings; cover. When
boiling, reduce heat and simmer 1V&
hours. Add vegetables and continue
cooking slowly for 1 hour. Mix flour
and water to a paste and add slowly.
Cook, stirring constantly until thick
ened. Increase heat and when boil
ing vigorously add dumplings. Mint
dumplings:
2 cups bread flour
2 teaspoons baking powder
1 teaspoon salt
Vi cup lard
2 tablespoons fresh mint or pars
ley (chopped)
Vi cup milk (approximately)
Sift together dry ingredients, cut
in fat and add chopped mint. Add
milk and mix gently with a fork.
Drop by spoonfuls into boiling stew.
Cover and continue to steam for 15
minutes without lifting the cover.
One-Dish Sunday Dinner.
For a practical, one-dish meal that
can be left simmering while one is
in church on Sunday, chicken rice
pilaff is unsurpassed. Cut a 3-pound
chicken in pieces and fry in butter
to a golden brown. Add salt and
pepper to taste. When nearly brown
drain off all but Vi cup fat, add an
onion, finely sliced, a little chopped
parsley and Vz of a bay leaf and fry
10 minutes longer. Wash 2 cups rice
and spread over the chicken; add 4
cups boiling water, one small sliced
tomato (or 2 tablespoons canned to
matoes) and 1 teaspoon salt. Stir
gently; cover, bring to a boil and
then simmer for one hour. A small
family might have the best parts of
the chicken fried one day, and the
rest cooked this way the next day,
using only 1 cup of rice and 2 cups
of water.
Lamb Riblet Stew.
(Serves 4 to 5)
4 pounds lamb riblets (rib ends
of breast of lamb)
4 tablespoons fat
3V4 cups water
1 tablespoon salt
V4 teaspoon pepper
5 medium size onions (peeled)
5 medium size potatoes (pared)
3 carrots (scraped, and cut in
halves lengthwise)
Have butcher remove breast bone
from breast of lamb, and cut be
tween rib ends to form finger-like
pieces. Wipe meat with a damp
cloth, dry, and brown in hot fat.
Drain off the fat, and add 3V4 cups
of water to the meat. Cover, and
simmer for one hour. Add season
ings and the onions, cover, and cook
for 30 minutes. Then add potatoes
and carrots. Cover, and cook for 30
minutes longer. Pour off he gravy,
and add a tablespoon of flour mixed
with 2 tablespoons of cold water to
form a paste. Cook, stirring con
stantly, until the gravy thickens. Ar
range lamb riblets in the center of
a serving platter with the vegeta
bles around the sides. Pour gravy
over top.
Creole Chicken Gumbo File.
1 4-pound chicken
Flour, salt, pepper
Vi pound lean ham
2 tablespoons lard or butter
1 onion (chopped)
1 sprig thyme
1 bay leaf
1 tablespoon parsley (minced)
Garlic, amount you like, rub bowl
V« red pepper pod, without seeds
Boiling water
1 dozen shrimp or more
Creole Gumbo File
Clean and cut up chicken as for a
fricassee. Dredge with flour, salt
and pepper. Cut
ham into small
dices. Place lard
or butter in sop
kettle or deep
stewing pot and
when hot put in
the chicken and
ham. Cover close
ly and brown for 5 to 10 minutes.
Then add onion, parsley, garlic and
thyme, stirring occasionally to pre
vent burning. When nicely browned,
add boiling water just to cover
chicken. Add bay leaf broken very
fine—and red pepper pod. Lower
flame and allow Gumbo to simmer
gently until chicken is tender—2 to
4 hours. Remove carcass and bones.
Just before serving, add 2 dozen
shrimp, diced. Heat through thor
oughly. Remove from flame and
add Vi tablespoon to 2 tablespoons
of Gumbo File.
Brunswick Stew.
Put one gallon of water in a large
iron pot, bring to a boil, and add
one tablespoon of salt. Add one
onion minced fine, one pint of shelled
butter beans, six potatoes peeled
and sliced, six ears of corn cut from
the cob, one-half pound of fat salt
pork or bacon cut into shreds, one-
half teaspoon each of black and cay
enne pepper. Two squirrels or one
large fat hen, disjointed and soaked
in cold water to draw the blood out,
are next thrown into the pot. Cov
er closely and stew very slowly
for two hours, stirring occasionally
from the bottom. Stew one hour
longer, add two teaspoons of white
sugar and one quart of tomatoes
peeled and sliced. Ten minutes be
fore serving add one-fourth pound of
butter cut into bits and rolled in
flour. Bring to a boil again and
serve on soup plates with dry rice.
This is a dish men like and one
they can excel in preparing.
Mulligan Stew.
(Serves 6)
1 medium size can corned beef—
minced
1 onion — minced
fine
1 No. 2 can peas
with liquid
1 medium size
bottle tomato
catsup
1 cup water
Salt and pepper
to taste
Put all ingredients in saucepan
and simmer gently over low flame
for about one hour. The flavor im
proves with the length of cooking
time.
Get This New Cookbook Now.
You as a homemaker—of course—
want to serve to the man of your
family the food he likes best and it
is for that reason that you should
immediately secure your copy of
this new 48-page cookbook entitled,
“Feeding Father.”
This book contains almost 150 rec
ipes, and among them you will find
such tested men’s favorites as a
rare old recipe for plum pudding,
strawberry shortcake, deep dish ap
ple pie, Boston brown bread, ham
cheese rolls, baked stuffed pork
chops, spare ribs with apple stuffing,
barbecued steak, oven fried chick
en, etc., etc.
To secure your copy, send 10 cents
in coin to “Feeding Father,” care
of Eleanor Howe, 919 North Michi
gan Avenue, Chicago, Illinois.
(Released by Western Newspaper Union.)
CLASSIFIED
DEPARTMENT
MATCH BOOKS
Hawaii! Matchbook collectors! 100 all dff*
ferent unused from Paradise Isles, dollar.
50 different U. S. navy. 91. Dave Kobliek*
*448-2 Prince Edward. Honolulu. Hawaii.
AROUND
THE HOUSE
A little milk added to the blue
water used for lace curtaina will
launder them beautifully.
• • •
Quick bread batten should not
be beaten. The flour should be
stirred with the liquid only enough
to dampen the flour so no dry floor
is visible around the edges of the
bowL It is not necessary to beat
a batter until every lump disap
pears. Thicker batten require e
little more stirring than thinner
ones, but no beating.
• • • .
Broiled tomato slices not only
decorate but also improve the fla
vor of steak or chops.
• • •
U you have over-salted the soup,
peel a potato and put several slices
into the soup. Boil it for a few
minutes and the potato will ab
sorb the salt.
• • •
Never use water that has been
boiled before or has been standing
in the kettle to make tea. Draw
fresh cold water and let it boil f6r
the first time. Water that has
boiled before tastes flat, because
the air has gone out of it.
. • •
A layer or two of blotting paper
put over grease spots on the waH,
and a warm iron laid on top of
them, will often take away the
marks.
Strange Facts
1
Change Our Weight
Tuxedo* in Prison
Interest in Canada
\
C. Various parts of the human
body have different normal tem
peratures, and the body as a
whole changes in weight from
minute to minute.
C. On some festive occasions in
Sing Sing prison, such as the an
nual Christmas show, the inmates
who participate are allowed te
wear their tuxedos.
<LOne pigment, anthocyanin,
makes some cornflowers blue, oth
ers bordeaux-red or rose-red, and
dahlias deep red, this variation in
color being due to the different
degrees of acidity and alkalinity
of the cell sap.
O. Although Canada’s population
is no greater than that of the met
ropolitan area of New York city,
Arxferican industry has $4,000,008)-
000 invested in that country and
controls nearly 2,000 of its compa
nies, half of which are manufac
turing plants.—Collier’s.
E
Mosquito Bites, quick rub
PENITRO
7W
SJ!
For Good Reputation
The way to obtain a good repu
tation is to endeavor to be what
you desire to appear.—Socrates.
H ^r NERVES?
Cranky? Restless? Can*t aleeo? Tirseaafly?
Worried due to female functional disorders?
Then try Lydia E. PinkhanTs Vegetable
Compound famous for over 60 years la
helping such weak, rundown, ascsssi
women. Start todaj/I
Man’s Wealth
A man’s true wealth is the good
he does in the world.
ioBQUNE
T
Giving Comfort
A clear conscience is as a soft
pillow to rest upon.
*^50*
’BJiinQ^^^BCessedRellet
R H E U M ATI 5 M lum bag □
MORE FOR TOUR M
• Read the advertisements.
They are more than a selling
aid ior business. They form
an educational system which
is making Americans the best-
educated buyers in the world.
The advertisements are part
oi an economic system which
is giving Americans more
for their money every day.
o
N
E
Y