The sun. [volume] (Newberry, S.C.) 1937-1972, July 12, 1940, Image 3
THE SUN. NEWBERRY. S. C„ FRIDAY, JULY 12, 1940
Can America Be Invaded? Perhaps Not
Now, but 136 Years Ago an Enemy Force
Brought Fire and Sword to Our Capital
Remains of the Capitol (above) and of the White House (below)
after they had been burned by enemy invaders. (From contem
porary drawings.)
By ELMO SCOTT WATS6N
(Released by Western Newspaper Union.)
C OULD the United States
be invaded by an ene
my force?
“Easily!” affirm the pes
simists.
“Not a chance!” reply the
optimists.
Probably somewhere be
tween those two extreme
points of view lies the answer
to that question — qualified,
however, by many “ifs,”
“ands” and “buts.”
Without subscribing to
either point of view, it is in
teresting, however, to recall
that once in our history an
enemy force did invade the
soil of the United States, that
it captured our capital city,
put our government to flight
and then burned the Capitol
and the White House. That
was during the third year of
our second war with England,
commonly known as the War
of 1812. And it is interesting
to recall that event, too, be
cause there are certain paral
lels between conditions which
existed in this country previ
ous to 1814 and those which
have existed up until recent
weeks in 1940.
Despite the fact that early in
1813 British warships were raid
ing up and down the Atlantic sea
board, the federal government
seemed to suffer from a strange
delusion that the national capi
tal, situated at the head of navi
gation on the Potomac river, was
in no danger.
In January, 1814, came the news
that 4,000 British troops, destined
for America, had landed at Ber
muda and two months later Ad
miral Cockburn arrived in Lynn-
haven bay, just inside Cape Henry
in Virginia, with a 74-gun man-of-
war, two frigates and a brig and
began marauding.
Although President Madison
seemed aware of the potential
danger, members of his cabinet
were strangely apathetic to the
impending danger. On May 14
the National Intelligencer, the
administration newspaper in
Washington, declared: “We have
no idea of the enemy attempting
to reach the vicinity of the capi
tal; and if he does, we have no
doubt he will meet such a recep
tion as he had a sample of at
Craney Island. The enemy knows
better than to trust himself
abreast of or on this side of Fort
Washington.”
‘Fifth Columnists’ Then.
That there were “fifth colum
nists” operating even in those
days is indicated by the state-
GEN. W. H. WINDER
ment of an early historian that
the government was lulling itself
into a false sense of security,
“hostile marauders were in the
waters of the Potomac and their
leaders, employing competent
spies, had made themselves per
fectly acquainted with the con
dition of the country and of mili
tary affairs around Washington.”
Late in June the government
was shaken out of its apathy by
the arrival of news that a num
ber of large transports were be
ing fitted out in Portsmouth, Eng
land, to proceed to Bordeaux,
France, there to take on the
cream of Wellington’s veterans
for service in America. On the
heels of this came word from Ber
muda that a large fleet of trans
ports was ready to sail from
there bound for some port in the
United States, probably the Po
tomac.
This report spurred President
Madison into action. On July 1 he
called a council of his cabinet
for a belated discussion of de
fense measures. William H. Eus-
tis, the secretary of war (of all
persons!) still didn’t believe that
there was any great danger. In
fact, as late as August, when the
enemy was almost at the door of
Washington, he insisted that the
capital was safe. “What the devil
will they do here?” he asked one
officer who warned him of the
weakness of its defense, “No, no!
Baltimore is the place, sir; that
is of so much more consequence.”
Apostle of Preparedness.
In contrast to his blindness was
the foresight of one man, an
apostle of preparedness whose
clear-headedness and patriotic
service amidst the blundering
efforts to wage war against Great
Britain, kre all but forgotten by
his fellow-Americans. He was
Gen. William H. Winder of Mary
land, who had served valorously
with militia from his state on the
BALTIMORE.
.Y^-ANMIAPO
S* BladensbuVj?
WASHINdTO
Upjwr
Marlboro a
Niagara frontier in 1812, been cap
tured by the British at Stony
Creek in Canada in 1813 and had
been held a prisoner of war until
the spring of 1814 when he was
exchanged.
Winder had prepared a well-
thought-out plan of defense against
the threatened invasion. It con
templated establishing a camp of
two or three thousand regulars
between the eastern branch of
the Potomac and the Patuxent
rivers in Maryland and the con
centration of 10,000 militia near
Washington. Madison laid Wind
er’s plan before his cabinet and
it was at once adopted.
A new military district was
formed and Winder was appoint
ed commander of it. Next the
government made a requisition
upon the states for a total of 93,-
000 militia to be organized at
home and held in readiness to act.
The naval defenses were entrust
ed to Commodore Joshua Barney,
who was in the Patuxent with a
small flotilla of gfmDoats.
Winder would thus have an
army of 15,000, the largest force
of militia that had yet been put
in the field. But it soon became
evident that it was only a paper
army. For there was almost un
believable official stupidity and
delay in carrying out the plan.
Although the governor of Mary
land lived within an easy day’s
ride from the national capital, he
did not receive a copy of his
requisition until six days after
it was ordered and the governor
of Pennsylvania did not receive
his until 10 days afterward.
And it was not until July 12,
when the British appeared in
heavy force in the Chesapeake
bay, that Eustis placed in Wind
er’s hands a copy of the requisi
tion and then it was accompanied
by a cautious order telling him,
in case of an invasion, to “be
careful to avoid unnecessary
calls, and to apportion the call
to the exigency.” '
A Heartbreaking Task.
Undaunted by what must have
seemed a heartbreaking task.
Winder started out to make the
best of a bad situation. He vis
ited every part of the region to
be defended, inspected every forti
fication and bombarded Eustis
with urgent appeals for haste in
making preparations for defense.
On July 16 he wrote “The door
of Washington (meaning Annapo
lis) is wide open and cannot be
shut with the few troops under
my command.” Fort Madison
there was defenseless and too
unhealthful for troops to occupy
it. He begged in vain for ef
forts to save that post and made
stirring appeals for the people of
Maryland to come forward to help
defend their state.
Notwithstanding all his appeals
and the imminence of the danger,
the people seemed as apathetic as
their federal government. By
August 1 Winder reported that he
had in camp only 1,000 regulars
About 4,000 militia had been en
rolled but they were yet to be col
lected and, so far, the govern
ment had neglected to call for
cavalry and riflemen, both of
which were vitally needed.
The result of all this blunder
ing was inevitable and is too well
known to all Americans to need
retelling at length here. Briefly,
it was this: On August 16 the
small British squadron in the
Chesapeake was re-enforced by a
fleet of 21 vessels under Admiral
Cochrane who was joined by an
other under Commodore Mal
colm. T.iese had on board several
thousand soldiers commanded by
General Ross, one of Wellington’s
best subordinates.
This British force bottled up
Commodore Barney’s flotilla in
the Patuxent and, when it became
apparent that it was about to be
captured by the invaders, he
burned his boats and with his men
joined the American land forces.
By this time the situation was so
alarming that militia and volun
teers began flocking to Winder’s
standards to help repel the invad
ers. Eventually he had a force of
some 7,000 men, of which, how
ever, only 900 were regulars. It
is probable that with this force,
if concentrated, he might have
been able to have repelled the
enemy.
Civilian Interference.
But his efforts were nullified by
constant interference from the
President and members of his
cabinet. They were totally with
out military experience, with the
possible exception of James Mon
roe, secretary of state, who had
served in the Revolution. But he
probably did more harm than
good by his interference when the
American forces came to grips
with the British at the Battle of
Bladensburg on August 24.
As was to be expected, the
hastily assembled militia and un
trained volunteers broke under
the onslaughts of the British reg
ulars and Winder’s forces were
soon in full retreat. Among the
heroic dead was Commodore
Barney.
Late the next evening General
Ross and Admiral Cockburn, with
a guard of only 200 men, rode
into the deserted capital. For the
President, members of his cabi
net and all other high govern
ment officials had departed im
mediately after the disaster at
Bladensburg. The President, who
had gone out to see the battle,
had sent word back to his wife,
Dolly Madison, to flee. But she
had paused long enough to snatch
up the precious parchment on
which was written the Declara
tion of Independence and to take
the portrait of Washington, paint
ed by Stuart, out of its frame in
the White House before seeking a
place of safety across the river
in Virginia.
In retaliation for the Americans
having burned the government in
York, Canada, earlier in the war,
the British decided to do some
burning themselves. So the torch
was applied to the unfinished
Capitol, the White House, the
Treasury building, the arsenal,
the barracks which had been oc
cupied by 3,000 troops, the office
of the National Intelligencer, a
tavern and a few private homes.
That night, lighted by the glare
of the flames ~.'hich could be seen
as far away as Baltimore, the
invaders marched out. They left
behind the blackened walls of our
Capitol and the home of our Chief
Executive monuments to a fatu
ous belief that “it can’t happen
here.”
IMPROVED
j UNIFORM INTERNATIONAL •
UNDAY I
chool Lesson
By HAROLD L. LUNDQUIST. D. D.
Dean of The Moody Bible Institute
of Chicago,
(Released by Western Newspaper Union.)
Lesson for July 14
Lesson subjects and Scripture texts se«
lected and copyrighted by International
Council of Religious Education; used by
permission.
JOB’S STRUGGLE TO FAITH
IN LIFE AFTER DEATH
LESSON TEXT—Job 14:13-17; 17:13-16;
19:23-29.
GOLDEN TEXT—For I know that my re
deemer liveth.—Job 19:25.
If life ends at the grave, it has
comparatively little meaning and its
struggles and sorrows are hardly
worth bearing. Job, living in all
probability about 1,500 years before
Christ, did not have our knowledge
of the resurrection of Christ and the
assurance that He is but the “first
fruits of them that slept” and that
we too shall rise (see I Cor. 15:22,
23). But in the midst of suffering,
discouragement and spiritual con
flict, he looked with the eye of faith
all the way beyond the grave.
The background of our lesson is
found in Job’s experience with his
three professed comforters, who
speak thus:
“Eliphaz: But who ever perish
being innocent (4:7)? Be glad that
you are being corrected (4:17). Job:
Answer my question and I will
keep still. Show me where I am
wrong. What does your ‘proof’
prove (6:24, 25)?
“Biddad: Do you think God per
verts justice (8:3)? Ask the wise
men of the ages. Consider what our
fathers taught (8:8). Job: It is all
the same; God destroys the right
eous with the wicked (9:22).
“Zophar: Do you expect to un
derstand God? Put evil away
(11:7, 14). Job: I know as much as
you do (13:2). Your burning re
marks are cold ashes (13:12). I
would like to reason it out with God
(13:3). I have stated my case; I
am righteous (4.3:8).
“The three friends have not helped
him, but Job struggles on alone with
the problem.”—Dr. Carl S. Knopf.
I. Uncertainty—“If a man die,
shall he live again?” (14:13-17).
Job, while maintaining that he
was righteous, felt that his sufferings
must indicate that God was dis
pleased with him. He thought he
might best seek refuge in Sheol
(R. V. in place of “grave” in v. 13),
the abode of the dead. But sudden
ly he turned again to the hope which
was dear to his heart; namely, 1
that somehow there must be a
blessed future life with God.
He asked the question, “If a man
die, shall he live again?” The fact
that he quickly lapsed into despair
indicates that he was not certain
that the answer to his question was
“Yes.” How blessed it is that we
know, for have we not heard the
voice of the One who, standing be
fore a grave in Bethany, said, “I am
the resurrection and the life: he that
believeth in me, though he were
dead, yet shall he live” (John 11:
25)? i
II. Hope—“Where, then, is my
hope?” (Job 17:13-16).
Eliphaz had again sought to set
Job right by accusing him of vanity,
impatience and pride (chap. 15).
Job answered (chaps. 16 and 17) that
his friends were worse than useless
as comforters, being so sanctimoni
ous in their assurance of his wick
edness, when in fact he was only a
man who was on the verge of de
spair, but still holding to his faith
in God.
Job cried out, “Where, then, is my
hope?”—undoubtedly thus express- j
ing his bewilderment, bordering on
complete despair. Yet do we not even
in the question see that he still had
hope? The man who has given up
says, “There is no hope”; but Job
continued to hope against hope, cry
ing out, “Where is my hope?” know
ing full well that his only hope was
in God.
There is a lesson here that we do
well to learn. Whatever our situa
tion may be we shall find that God
is there and that we may trust Him. j
“Does all the world seem against you
And you in the battle alone?
Remember, at 'Wit’s End Corner’
Is where God’s power is shown.’’
III. Faith—“I know that my re
deemer liveth” (Job 19:23-29).
What blessed vision and what
glorious faith! Job lived in the time j
of Moses or before. He had no New
Testament—no old Testament—but
he did have God, and by faith he i
believed that God was to make Him- j
self known to man here on earth as
a living Redeemer.
We say that we know because we
have the record of His coming; of
the Son of God incarnate; of His
bearing our sins on Calvary; of His
death and resurrection again; of His
ascension to be with the Father, and
His coming again in glory and
power. Job, however, had to reach ;
through doubt and darkness to faith
in life after death. How much rich
er should be our faith, infinitely ;
more precious, stirring us to loving
obedience and service for Christ oui
Redeemer.
A Blessed Inheritance
Blessed be the God and Father of
our Lord Jesus Christ, which ac
cording to his abundant mercy hath
begotten us again unto a lively hope
to an inheritance incorruptible, and
undefiled, and that fadeth not away,
reserved in heaven for you.—I Pe
ter: 1, 3, 4.
WHEN YOU MAKE JAM OR JELLY
(See Recipes Below)
Household Neius
tJ] /l^amar'
“Sugar ’nd spice ’nd everything
nice” goes into the preserving ket
tle, and out of it comes a tantaliz
ing array of jellies, jams, pickles
and relishes, and rich fruit butters
and marmalades.
This year, why not add to your
stock of preserves (and to your rep
utation as a good
cook!) by doing
some of your own
canning and pre
serving? It’s as
easy as A,B,C, if
you’ll follow a
few simple sug
gestions and use
tested recip-’s.
Most of the equipment you need
for canning and preserving you will
have on hand; large kettles or
saucepans, a colander, coarse
strainer, wooden masher, wooden
spoons, a skimmer, wide-mouth fun
nel, glass jars, jelly glasses, jar
covers and new rubbers. It may be
necessary to buy a few new jars
each year, for nicked jars are likely
to cause spoilage.
Wash jars, glasses and covers
thoroughly in soapy water, and rinse
in boiling water. Sterilize them just
before using and let them remain
in the hot water until you are ready
to fill them. Use new rubbers ev
ery year, and dip them in boiling
water just before you put them on
the jars. When jars or jelly glasses
are to be filled with hot foods,
place the hot glasses on a clean
towel which has been wrung out of
hot water.
If you have an old-fashioned gravy
boat with a spout and handle, use it
in filling glasses
with jellies, jams
and preserves.
Allow the jam to
cool in the glasses
before sealing
with paraffin.
When the paraffin
has set, wipe the
glasses with a damp cloth, cover,
and label them. To prevent the
formation of mold, store jams, jel
lies, and preserves in a cool, dry
place.
Homemade Tomato Soup.
(Makes 6 pints)
r peck tomatoes (14 pounds)
1 bunch celery
1 quart onions (sliced)
% cup butter
% cup flour
Vz cup sugar
4 to 5 teaspoons salt
% teaspoon pepper
Scrub the tomatoes and celery,
and cut into pieces. Add the sliced
onion, and cook over a low flame
until the vegetables are thoroughly
soft (about 1 hour). Strain. Blend
together the butter, flour, sugar, and
seasoning, and add to the strained
tomato mixture. Bring to a boil,
and boil gently for 20 minutes, stir
ring frequently. Seal in sterilized
jars. To serve, combine the tomato
soup with soup stock or milk.
Sweet Pantry Slices.
(Makes 6 to 7 pints)
1 gallon cucumbers (3 to 5
inches long)
114 quarts white onions (sliced)
% cup salt
5 cups sugar
1 tablespoon ground ginger
Vz teaspoon turmeric
2 tablespoons mustard seed
1 tablespoon celery seed
5 cups vinegar
Scrub cucumbers and slice thin
(without paring). Add sliced onions
and salt, and if crushed ice is avail
able, stir in 1 pint which aids in
crisping. Cov^r with a weighted lid
and let stand for 3 hours. Drain,
and add remaining ingredients.
Place over low heat, bring to the
simmering point, and simmer for 5
minutes. Pack in sterilized jars and
seal.
Strawberry-Rhubarb Conserve.
2 pounds strawberries
2 pounds rhubarb
3 pounds sugar
Wash fruit; hull strawberries and
cut rhubarb in small pieces (you’ll
find the scissors a great finger-saver
in cutting the rhubarb). Place fruit
in deep pan like a dish-pan and
place in cold oven. Set temperature
control to 400 degrees and start the
oven. Cook about \Vz hours, then
add sugar. Cook, stirring occasion
ally, for % to 1 hour, or "until con
serve becomes thick. (The time va
ries according to the “juiciness” of
the fruit). Pour into sterilized jars
or glasses and seal immediately or
cool and cover with melted paraffin.
Quick Strawberry Jam.
(Makes 6 glasses)
1 quart strawberries
Boiling water
4 cups sugar
Remove caps from strawberries
and wash thoroughly. Then pour
boiling water over berries until wa
ter is lightly tinted with pink. Drain
and place berries in saucepan, add
2 cups of sugar, and shake over
low flame until sugar is dissolved
and mixture begins to boil. Then
increase heat and boil hard for 4
minutes. Reduce heat, add remain
ing sugar and boil hard again for 4
minutes longer. Pour into jelly
glasses, allow to thicken, and seal
when cold.
Sunless Sun Preserves.
Take 4 cups of strawberries which
have been washed and hulled and 5
cups sugar, place 1 cup berries in
a heavy saucepan and cover with 1
cup sugar and continue until all of
the berries and sugar have been
placed in the saucepan layer by
layer. Bring slowly to a boil and
boil gently for 9 minutes. Remove
from fire and add 3 tablespoons lem
on juice. Let stand over night. Next
day bring to a boil and boil gently
an additional 9 minutes. Remove
from fire, skim, and let stand in
saucepan until thoroughly cold, then
seal in hot sterilized jars. The ber
ries remain whole and retain their
natural flavor and color.
Rhubarb Butter.
(Makes 6 to 7 glasses)
VJz pounds rhubarb
2 pounds sugar
% cup vinegar
1 teaspoon ground cinnamon
Vz teaspoo* ground cloves
Cut rhubarb in small pieces (do
not peel). Combine with remaining
ingredients and cook for about 2
hours—or until the mixture is the
consistency of fruit butter. Pour
into sterilized jelly glasses. Cover
with melted paraffin.
Chili Sauce.
4 quarts ripe tomatoes
6 apples
2 onions
1% cups brown sugar
2 cups vinegar
1 tablespoon salt
3 tablespoons pickle spice
2 teaspoons paprika
Peel and chop fine the tomatoes,
apples and onions. Add the brown
sugar, vinegar
and salt and the
spices tied in a
spice bag. Cook
slowly until thick,
stirring frequent
ly. Remove spice
bag. Seal in hot
sterilized jars.
Send for Your Copy of
‘Better Baking.’
Your homemade jams and jellies
will taste twice as delicious when
you serve them with homemade bis
cuits and rolls. You’ll find tempting
and unusual recipes for bread and
rolls in Eleanor Howe’s cook book,
“Better Baking.”
Mountain Muffins, Cheese Roll
Biscuits, Peanut Butter Bread, and
Hot Cinnamon Rolls; you’ll find test
ed recipes for these and other de
licious baked foods in “Better Bak
ing.” Send 10 cents in coin to “Bet
ter Baking” care Eleanor Howe, 919
North Michigan Avenue, Chicago,
and get your copy of this cook book
now.
(Released by Western Newspaper Union.)
Kitchen Polisher
To freshen kitchen cabinets that
have become dulled by frequent
washings, rub them occasionally
with furniture polish. This renews
the gloss and makes cleaning the
next time easier.
Welsh Rarebit
To prevent cheese from becoming
stringy when making Welsh rare
bit melt it in the sauce after remov
ing the pan from the flame.
For Sandwiches
Put fresh bread that is to be used
in making sandwiches into the re
frigerator for an hour and it will
cut more easily.
Appliqued Bedspread
In Gayest of Scraps
Pert isn’t he, this easily appli
qued pup, Frisky Fido! He’s just
one patch and his bow can be in
the gayest of scraps. Do a block
in odd moments. Pattern 2541
contains a diagram of block; ac
curate pattern pieces; directions
for making quilt; diagram of
quilt; yardages; color schemes.
Send order to:
Sewing Circle Needlecrmft Dept.
62 Eighth Ave. New York
Enclose 15 cents In coins lor Pat
tern No
Name
Address
WEARY DESPONDENT
GIRLS^^H
_ Crying spells. Irritable
nerves due to functional
areal
Lydia LPinkham's
VEGETABLE
Mystified People
Plain truth will influence half a
score of men at most in a nation,
or an age, while mystery will lead
millions by the nose.—Henry St.
John.
f Cooler, happy 1
(feet, rub on)
>ENETR<
Encompassed Truth
Truth lies within a' little and
certain compass, but error is im
mense.—Bolingbroke.
No Immunity
No vehement error can exist
in this world with immunity.—
Froude.
WINGS OF COOLNESS TOR
TIRED EEET THAT HURT WITH
HEAT. DUST ON FAMOUS
MEXICAN NEAT POWDER.
Nature the Teacher
Go forth under the open sky and
list to nature’s teaching.—W. C.
Bryant.
BMM&^ZgBCessedrieUel
RHEUMATISMS^
WNU—7
28—40
Full Wealth
Poor, and content, is rich, and
rich enough.—Shakespeare.
A
fl
|l|
9
EsSi
w
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