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THE SUN, NEWBERRY, S. C„ FRIDAY, APRIL 21, 1939 Weekly News Analysis Europe Faces Final Showdown In Democracy-Dwtator Battle ^ Joseph W. La Bine— EDITOR’S NOTE—When opinions are expressed in these columns, they are those of the news analyst, and not necessarily of the newspaper. Europe “There are in Europe two madmen . . . Hitler and Mussolini. There are in Europe two damn fools who sleep— Chamberlain and Daladier.“ Such was the parting shot ot Al bania’s King Zog as he fled Italian invasion. Symbolic of British- French lethargy were Mr. Cham berlain’s warships, which lay at an chor off Greek Corfu, within can non range of the invader. One shot, said Zog, would have stopped the Italians. But one shot might also have been the sendoff for a conflict more frightful than the one which started from a pistol shot at nearby Sarajevo 25 years ago. When II Duce captured Albania, a month had passed since Britain and France dropped their futile ap peasement policy for a Stop Hitler —Stop Mussolini program. Poland, Rumania and Turkey were fairly well lined up with the democracies but such Balkan states as Jugo slavia, Bulgaria and Hungary knew when they were well off. Align ment with Britain would invite in vasion from Italy or Germany. Meanwhile Berlin’s covetous eyes began looking at Switzerland and the Netherlands, while Herr Doktor Paul Joseph Goebbels shouted from his propaganda office a German an swer to the key question facing Eu rope today: Will Britain really fight to defend any lesser European na tion’s independence? Herr Goebbels said no, and many an alert Britisher said the same thing, wondering if aggressive Ger many and Italy were not right in maintaining that Great Britain ha? passed her empirical peak and is falling into decadence. Under the appeasement policy it was only passingly embarrassing for Mr. Chamberlain to make repeated con cessions for peace’s sake. But under the new policy Britain at last faces reality; Europe’s dictators are ob viously forcing a showdown to dem onstrate that Mr. Chamberlain will never fight to protect them, there fore the little nations had best beg for mercy from Hitler and Mussolini. Hence observers agree the worst of Europe’s recurrent crises—and England’s, too—may come within the present month. Neither Britain nor France have backed up their new umbrella-waving policy in the case of Albania, whose occupation was a direct violation of the Anglo- Italian pact of 1938. A swift Ger man jab at Poland or an Italian march into Greece would provide the ultimate test; if Britain fails to march in such a situation, then Eu ropean democracies are indeed de cadent and the Old World has new undisputed masters in Hitler and Mussolini. At the same time Mr. Chamberlain’s government would undoubtedly collapse. On the other hand, if Britain and France act to block the next dictator aggression, there is a pathetically good likelihood of general European warfare. | Trade State trade barriers are usually brainchildren of panicky, depres sion-ridden legislatures. Though sec tional barriers (like North-sponsored high freight rates in alleged dis crimination against poorer Southern states) are also to blame, most of them spring from a forlorn hope that the individual commonwealth can protect its own prosperity by discriminating against tradesmen from neighboring states. Sampio barriers are: (1) preference to home-state industries, often result ing in monopolies and exorbitant prices; (2) excessively high license rates for out-of-state truckers; (3) unreasonable sanitary laws which bar dairy imports. Most such regulations tread on questionable ground, assuming round-about jurisdiction over inter state commerce which is really a federal power. Early this year Washington became so alarmed that several officials like Secretary of Agriculture Henry A. Wallace threatened to use a federal mallet to knock down the barriers. The most important result came fcom intervention by the Council of State Governments which called a “na tional conference on interstate trade barriers” in Chicago. Surprisingly, though most of the 44 states repre sented were themselves guilty, they condemned barriers to a man. A clear-cut prophecy, actually key- MISSOURI’S GOV. STARK Temporary advantage, eventual chaos. noting the session, came from Mis souri’s Gov. Lloyd C. Stark: “The point is this: If the states ■ try to get these additional revenues at the expense of their neighbors they are gaining only a temporary advantage. They are laying the groundwork for an unprecedented economic breakdown and eventually nationwide financial chaos which will affect their own citizens along with citizens of all other states.” Assents Came from U. S. Solicitor Gen. Robert H. Jackson and Fred I. Kent of the American Bankers’ as sociation. Principal dissent was frofti Arkansas’ Gov. Carl Bailey, whose complaint about sectionally discriminating freight rates was finally included in the conference’s resolutions. Other condemnations: (1) discriminatory state alcoholic beverage laws; (2) sales taxes and “use” taxes, in states where no “offset” provision is made for goods produced in another state having sales tax; (3) discriminatory out-of- state truck permits. Homeward bound delegates were admonished to work generally for uniform regulations among the, va rious states. If they must discrimi nate, it was decided to do it "di rectly, and not by masquerading un der the taxing power.” But every delegate knew ii would be a tough job—even political suicide—to de stroy the invisible barriers which folks back home consider a justi fiable protection for their state’s in, dus tries. People Invited, Col. Charles A. Lind bergh, back home to help the house foreign affairs subcommittee in an urgent task, shaping an “ideal” neu trality policy in the event of war. • Needed, a successor for Illinois’ late Sen. James Hamilton Lewis, age-concealing, sartorially elegant Democratic statesman since the 1890s. • Facing trial, Kansas City’s Dem ocratic boss, Thomas J. Pendergast, on grand jury indictment charging income tax evasion. Aviation Some 4,100 miles southwest of San Francisco and 3,250 miles northeast of Australia, just south of the equa tor, are Canton and Enderbury is lands, the former named for a Mas sachusetts whaler wrecked there in 1854. Both islands went officially unclaimed until March, 1938, when President Roosevelt saw them as a vital link in U. S. defense and a log ical base for trans-Pacific aviation. When Great Britain disputed the claim it was announced last August that both countries would use the is lands for commercial aviation, but not until recently was a formal treaty signed. Its 50-year provisions: U. S. and British administrators will reside there, exercising powers to be determined by consultation; American interests will build an air port, to be used by British aircraft in return for a fee. Pacific aviation is boomed by the pact, for Canton and Enderbury lie only 1,850 miles from Hawaii, direct ly on the route a ship would take to Sydney, Australia. Canton boasts a quiet lagoon nine miles long and three miles wide, ideal for planes. But aviation to the contrary, many a congressman was dubious when asked to ratify the treaty. Reason: If Britain were involved in war, an attack on British property in the Pa cific might force the U. S. to defend the islands, thereby getting its own feet in the international puddle. Agriculture While congress wrestles with a huge U. S. cotton surplus which threatens to engulf southern plant ers unless it can be dumped abroad, department of agriculture officials begin to see a faint sunrise over the huge mountain of wheat which con stitutes the other major part of America’s farm problem. With win ter wheat well under way and spring planting estimates taking definite form, the situation might be sum marized as follows: In 1938 the total U. S. wheat pro duction was 931,000,000 bushels (687,- 000,000 in whiter wheat, 244,164,000 in spring wheat). But 1939’s winter planting is cut to 46,173,000 acres compared with 56,355,000 last year, and spring planting is dropping about 17 per pent under 1938. Thus 1939 prospects are for slightly more than 700,000,000 bushels, only a mite above normal domestic require ments. This means the July 1 sur plus of 275,000,000 bushels (com pared with 154,000,000 bushels a year previous) will be reduced if export volume is maintained during the coming season. The “if” remains a big fac tor, however. U. S. delegates to the forthcoming world wheat conference can boast that America leads the way in trying to slash surpluses, that accomplishment holds lit tle satisfaction because pace-setting U. S. farmers can find no nation fall ing in line behind them. With most European plantings bigger than last year, with Argentina just harvesting its second largest crop on record, and with Canada almost certain to offer a price guarantee, there re mains slight hope that America’s carry-over from last year will be reduced materially by sale abroad. Miscellany Total U. S. expenditures for the fiscal year’s first nine months ($6,- 764,353,436) exceeded income ($4,- 390,177,312) by $2,374,176,124. • Ninety-five per cent of the voters in Europe’s tiny Liechtenstein (pop ulation, 12,000) have signed a pri vately circulated declaration re jecting union with Germany. • The U. S. Steel corporation will soon begin marketing completely prefabricated steel buildings, includ ing residences for small towns. Taxation Time was when the ambitious U. S. mother wanted her son to be a banker. But nowadays the hand that counts money keeps far less of it. Today’s ambitious mother should tu tor her son (or daughter) to enter the motion picture industry. At Washington, the house ways and means committee received its an nual list of top flight U. S. wage earners and their salaries for 1937, disclosing that Movie Magnate Louis B. Mayer led the pack with $1,296,- 503 ($1,161,753 as production execu tive for Loew’s, Inc., $134,750 as vice president of Metro- Goldwyn - Mayer). Second place went to Loew President J. Robert Rubin, $651,- 123; third, Publisher William , Randolph H e a r s t, $500,000; fourth, Loew’s N. M. Schenck, $489,602. Of 63 salaries top ping $200,000, an even 40 were report ed by movie work- ers. Highest paid Mayer cinema star: Greta Garbo, $472,499. Highest paid radio star: Maj. Ed ward Bowes, $427,817. Highest paid industrialist: International Business Machines’ Pres. Thomas J. Watson, $419,398. One consolation for bread-and-but ter workers is that the more a man makes, the more he pays the gov ernment. Sample: More than $800,- 000 of Louis Mayer’s $1,296,503 prob ably went out in federal taxes. On net incomes of $50,000, the govern ment gets 17.7 per cent, or $8,869; on $1,000,000 it gets 67.9 per cent, or $679,044. Often heaped atop this levy is a state income tax, like New York’s, which ranges from 2 per cent of the first $1,000 taxable income to 7 per cent of all taxable income over $9,000. Migraine Held ADVENTURERS’ CLUB HEADLINES FROM THE LIVES OF PEOPLE LIKE YOURSELFI “Rails of Death" H ello, everybody: Well, sir, for a long time I’ve been warning young fellows to stay off of side door pullmans. I’ve seen so many adventure yams about lads who have come to grief beating their way qn freight trains that I’m pretty well convinced it’s a dangerous pastime. But here’s a lad I can’t very well warn to stop riding freight trains. In the first place, that was his job. In the sec ond place, he’s reformed and isn’t working on the railroad any more. And in the third place, he knows all about the hazards of railroading. He probably knows a doggone sight more about it than I do. If those aren’t enough reasons, I could probably think up some more. But here comes today’s distinguished adventurer, Edwin F. Eckdahl of Young, Saskatchewan, Canada—another fellow who has come a long, long way to join our club. And here’s the story: Ed started railroad work in the early part of the century, braking on the Pennsylvania. His run was, out of Logans- port, Ind., and those were the days when the men had to contend with the old style link-and-pin drawbar and when air brakes were few and far between. There might be a few air-braked cars on every train, but most freights consisted principally of “jacks” or hand-braked cars. Ed says every brakeman tried to get a few air-braked. cars up at the head of Hie train, where they’d help a lot in holding back the other ears, bat some of the old die hard conductors wouldn’t allow that. “There are brakes on top,” they used to say, “and the brakeman is getting paid for braking them. Let him work for his money.” It was one of those conductors that Ed was working for—and it came near costing; him his life. Tops of Cars Covered With Thin Ice. It was one day early in 1906 that that happened. Ed’s train pulled out of Chicago about 10:30 on a cold winter night with a light train of He lost his balance and was forced to step off the flat running board. meat and merchandise, “We had a nice string of air-braked cars,” he says, “but there were behind about ten or twelve ‘jacks’ and the con ductor said ‘nothing doing* when the rear-end man and 1 wanted to switch them. It had rained in Chicago and the tops of the cars were covered with a coating of thin ice, and my first job was to go over the tops and chip that ice from the running boards on the ten or twelve cars I was to use for braking.” Ed had ice clips on his shoes to keep him from slipping. They were pretty dull, but he thought they’d last him one more trip. He worked his way along until he was about ten cars back of the engine and then, near the I. C. crossing at Riverdale, the train hit a slight curve. Ed was unprepared for it. He lost his balance and was forced to step off the flat running board onto the sloping, ice-covered top of the car. The instant he did his feet shot out from under him. He started slid ing off the top. “I was on my back,” he says, “but when my legs were over the side I managed to turn over on my stomach—and, as luck would have it, a nail that had worked up from a board in the car top caught in my coat. I was so far over the side that there was more of me in the open than on the roof. I was just able to keep part of my chest and arms on the car. And there I hung. “I knew if I slid off I wouldn't have much of a chance. All I could do was hang on—and get back on top if that was possible. It was /cold weather and the position I was in was tiring me out. The longer I stayed there the worse it would be.” His Hands Slipped on the Smooth Ice. Ed knew he couldn’t look for any help. The engineer would think he was in the caboose and the conductor would think he was in the engine. His lantern had shattered and gone over the side when he fell and he couldn’t signal with that. He tried pulling himself forward with the flat of his hands against the car top, but they slipped on the smooth ice. “I tell you it kept me busy,” he says. “I didn’t know how long that nail would hold me, or how long the cloth of my coat would stand the strain. But believe me, I stuck tight with all the strength I had.” But now Ed noticed something that was working in his favor. The heat of his palms as they pressed against the top of the car was melting the thin coating of ice. In one spot his hands were beginning to take hold. He began to move his palms forward to melt the ice up ahead. It was a long, slow process. “By wriggling my body as a snake would,” he says, “I was-able to bring it forward a little. I had to melt quite a bit of ice to get myself in a fairly safe position and even then the wind and the swaying of the car threatened to throw me off at any minute. And then I ran into another obstruction.” The Nail Holds Him Back From Safety. It was that nail which had caught in his clothing. In the beginning ft had saved his life. Now it was holding him back, keeping him from moving any farther forward. Ed didn’t dare move a hand to free it. And there he was, fastened to the car, unable to move any farther and not knowing when a low spot or a curve in the track would shake him off. He began to get a bit panic-stricken then. He clawed at the top of the car with futile hands. And suddenly his groping palms struck on another nail worked up out of the boards like the first one. “I caught hold of it by a thumb and finger,” Ed says, “and only then did I dare to move the other hand down and loosen the nail that was caught in my coat. I wriggled back on the top and when I reached the running board I was covered with sweat and my hands and face were full of slivers. All I did was lie flat on my face and pant.” The train was pulling into a station and the engineer whistled for brakes, but Ed didn’t move. “Of course the train ran past the station,” Ed says, “and I was in line for a bawling out. But when I told the engi neer what had happened he had to make his excuses for not seeing my lantern disappear. I’ve had lots of close calls in railroading, but that was my closest one.” Copyright.—WNU Service. First U. S. Post Office Was Located in Boston in 1641 The first postal establishment on the North American continent was located in Boston in 1641 in the tav ern of Richard Fairbanks who was given authority to charge one penny for each letter delivered, Prof. R. Del French of McGill university told members of the Rotary club of Montreal, says the Christian Sci ence Monitor. In Canada, the first record of postal service was during the French regime when a road was opened between Quebec and Mon treal more than 200 years ago. Private dispatches by mail in Can ada were delivered on schedule only after the fall of Quebec into British hands. This marked the final real attempt to organize a postal service on a regular basis, and Benjamin Franklin was instrumental in devel oping this work between Montreal and New York by way of the Cham plain and Hudson route. Postal serv ice was instituted between Halifax and Liverpool in 1755. Direct Result Of Tenseness By DR. JAMES W. BARTON 1 WRITE frequently about migraine — one-sided head ache — because thousands suf fer with it and the only relief usually obtained is by going to bed for two or three days to a week, by which time the attack passes. As the cause has been believed to he due to overwork — mental and physical—rest would thus seem to be the logical treat ment. Perhaps the most efficient treatment that has been dis covered is that of ergotamine tar trate, full details of which were giv en by Dr. Mary O’Sullivan some months ago in the Journal of the Amer ican Medical Associ ation. The t gota- mine tartrate is giv en by injection into the muscles by a physician or may be taken in tablet form by mouth. Even when taken by mouth, however, the size of the dose should be as ordered by the physi cian, the dose usually depending upon the severity of the attacks. This drug is given different names by the different drug manufacturers, but druggists know these names. Physicians have found that mi graine occurs in families and in in dividuals who work hard or do things in the hard or “tense” way. Migraine Causes. Some further information on mi graine is given by Dr. W. H. Riley, Battle Creek, in the Michigan State Medical Society Journal, who, among other points, mentions the’ following: 1. Among the exciting causes of migraine are depressive emotions such as those associated with worry, anxiety, fear, ange., fatigue, ex haustion, loss of sleep, eyestrain, excessive use of eyes, using the eyes in a bright light. 2. Being sensitive to certain foods —eggs, fat rich foods, milk, cream, ice .cream, wheat and others. 8. Increased alkalinity of the blood. These individuals often work so hard they starve themselves and often do not eat enough meat and fish. 4. Spasm in the blood vessels in the brain. In the opinion of Dr. Riley the spasm of the arteries of the brain, which of course prevents a proper supply of blood from reach ing the brain and removing wastes, is responsible for many other symp toms besides the headaches, such as temporary loss of sight and speech and also dizziness. Those individuals who have this tendency to migraine should learn then that it is tenseness that causes the spasm of the blood vessels, and thus the migraine. • • • Dr. Barton Gland Changes Cause Many Skin Eruptions I find myself writing very often about acne—pimples, not because the condition is painful or danger ous, but because it is spoiling the lives of many boys and girls just when manhood and womanhood is opening up to them. They avoid playing games, going to parties or enjoying other forms of amuse ment. Physicians now agree that as acne appears about the time of puberty, gland changes in the body cause the skin eruption. Just how gland changes cause the trouble is un known, but in some manner the body processes find it difficult to handle various foods, and this improper burning or handling of foods re sults in the change in the skin. For years the results of X-ray treatment of acne have been excel lent; in fact, the X-ray treatment has been considered “the best single treatment of acne.” It would seem, however, that this top position or standing of the X-ray treatment is to be challenged by the treatment of which I have written many times, that is, the treatment by viosteroL The viosterol treatment of acne was first given to the profession by two members of the staff of the Univer sity of Chicago, who cured them selves and many of their students by this method. 255 Acne Cases Reviewed. Dr. M. T. R. Maynard, San Jose, Calif., in California and Western Medicine reviews 255 cases of acne treated since 1930. Of these, 123 pa tients were treated by other means than the use of viosterol and 132 with viosterol; 86 were treated by X-ray. The diet and application of lotions or ointments were the same in the two groups. Of the 86 patients treated by X-ray the acne was better in 30 at the end of three months; in 13 it was much better and in 26 the condition was healed, and of the 132 cases treated with viosterol, eight were better, 20 were much better and 32 cured. Of those cured or helped by the X-ray there were 26 in whom the acne returned, whereas the acne re turned in only one case where vios terol was used. Copyright.—WNU S«rvlc*. Small Waists and Becoming Necklines 'T'HE neckline is a very impor tant detail in making your dress becoming. Thus No. 1719, designed for Jarge figures, has a plain, deep v-neckline which is especially slenderizing. Darts at the waistline tend to make you look inches slimmer. This is a particularly comfortable dress to work in, with its deep armholes, slashed sleeves, and easy waist. It’s easy to put on and to iron, too, thanks to the button-front. A diagram design, it may be all fin ished in a few hours. Calico, ging ham, percale or seersucker are nice for this. For slender, youthful figures, the heart-shaped, frill-trimmed neckline of No. 1726 is perfectly charming and as flattering as can bel The pointed basque bodice di minishes your waistline to prac tically nothing, and the wide shouldered sleeves and flaring skirt accent the slender youth of the silhouette. Make this pretty dress of silk crepe, taffeta or prints, and see if it doesn’t win you many compliments 1 Nc. 1 719 is designed for sizes 36, 38, 40, 42, 44, 46, 48, 50 and 52. Size 38 requires 4% yards of 35-inch material; 4% yards of braid. No. 1726 is designed for sizes 12, 14, 16, 18 and 20. Size 14 takes 414 yards of 39-inch materi^; 114 yards of pleating or ruffling. Spring-Summer Pattern Book. Send 15 cents for tb; Barbara Bell Spring and Sumner Pattern Book, which is now'rtady. Make yourself attractive, practical and becoming clothes, selecting de signs from the Barbara Bell well- planned, easy-to-make patterns. Send your order to The Sewing Circle Pattern Dept., Room 1324, 211 W. Wacker Dr., Chicago, HI. Price of patterns, 15 cents (in coins) each. * How Women in Their 40’s Can Attract Men Here's good advice for a woman du change (usually from 88 to 62), who lean ■he'll lose her appeal to men, who worries about hot flashes, loss of pep, dizzy spells, upset nerves and moody spells. Get more fresh air. 8 hr*, sleep and if yom need a good general system tonic take Lydia E. Pinkham a Vegetable Compound, made sapociaUp for women. It helps Nature build up physical resistance, thus helps give more vivacity to enjoy life and assist calming jittery nerves and disturbing symptoms that often accompany change of life. WEL& WORTH TRYING! Beyond Help The gods cannot help a man who loses opportunities. Nose .Stuffy, Just 2 drops Penetro Nose Drops in each nostril relieves irri- I tation, congestion— discomfort in head colds. Brings relief. PENETRO drop! Seareity of Voices There are many echoes in the world, but few voices. That Na^<?in<? Backache May Warn of Disordered Kidney Action Motaa Ufa with it* hurry ud worry, hebitt, improper eetinc mia ■ * aaalibr risk oi exposure i beery etrxtn on the work ot the kidney. They ere apt to beeoeae over-taxed and (ail to alter exeeae arid and other impuritia* from the life-fiviac You ma; any auffer nerring backache, i, dixxinrm, getting up night. leg peine, ■veiling—(eel conatantiy tired, nervoue, all worn out. Other eigne ot kidney or bladder disorder may be burning, scanty or too frequent urination. Use boon's Pills. Doan’s help the kidneys to get Hd o( excess poisonous body waate. They nr* antiseptic to the urinary tract and tend to relieve irrita tion and the pain it causes. Many grate- (ul people recommend Doan's. They have had mere than forty yean ot pubtle approval. Ask year neighbor I DOANS PILLS Good Merchandise Can Be CONSISTENTLY Advertised • BUY ADVERTISED MODS •