The sun. [volume] (Newberry, S.C.) 1937-1972, April 07, 1939, Image 3
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THE SUN. NEWBERRY, S. C- FRIDAY APRIL 7, 1939
Weekly News Analysis
Congress Wins Economy Tussle
But Finds It Holds Hot Potato
By Joseph W. La Bine—
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EDITOR'S NOTE—When opinions art
exprrr.sed in these columns, they are those
of the news analyst, and not necessarily
of the newspaper.
WHEN SOCIAL SECURITY COSTS WENT DOWN
Secretary of the Treasury Henry Morgenthau Jr. (left), or he recommended
before the house ways and means committee that a limited old age reserve fund
be substituted for social security’s controversial $40,000,000flOO full reserve plan.
At the right is Arthur J. AUmeyer, social security board chairman.
in 1940; step up rates in 1943 and fol
low present schedule thereafter.
Morgenthau reasoning: The trend
of business conditions in specific fu
ture years could not be accurately
foreseen in 1935 when social security
was started under the present $40,-
000,000,000 reserve plan. Today it
appears a $3,000,000,000 reserve
would be sound.
Also recommended was a trustee
board to hold social security funds,
thereby spiking criticism that the
money is now being used to pay
governmental expenditures. Under
actual operation, payroll contribu
tions now go to the treasury, are
shifted to the old-age reserve fund,
then invested in treasury securities
to bring the cash back to the gen
eral fund.
Sour Note. Given a highly cov
eted concession, congress has found
economy is easier to talk about than
enforce. Next on the list is the
farm appropriations bill, carrying a
$250,000,000 item for parity pay
ments which had not been included,
in the original budget estimate.
Farm-state representatives, foresee
ing political suicide if parity ap
propriations were not made, hoped
the money might come from a re
newal of processing taxes. Indus
trial-state lawmakers knew their
constituents would object. And both
groups reflected that less social se
curity income would leave Secretary
Morgenthau’s cupboard bare.
Congress
U. S. business was pouting genu
inely last February when Harry
Hopkins made his famous Des
Moines speech promising a new ad
ministration effort to start the re
covery ball rolling. But to business
men, recovery was precluded by
high relief costs and “exorbitant”
taxes. When the administration in
dicated unwillingness to slash costs,
Mr. Hopkins’ highly touted “ap
peasement” plan bogged down and
in its place arose the most hostile,
economy minded congress President
Roosevelt has ever faced.
Many administration leaders, like
Secretary Morgenthau and Vice
President Garner,' are economy
bent. Others, like Federal Reserve
Chairman Marriner Eccles, a White
House favorite, believe government
should spend when industry will not,
providing a semblance of normalcy.
But so unpopular a philosophy bucks
the public trend, which is poor poli
tics. A smarter course is to give
congress and the nation its econ
omy. If prosperity results, the
White House will bask in glory; if
it misses fire, the public can be re
minded that the Vffiite House coun
seled against it all along.
Whatever the reasoning, a sudden
switch in administration attitude
has brought new peace to Washing
ton:
Eccles Demarche. Appearing be
fore a special senate silver commit
tee, Mr. Eccles confounded his audi
ence by advocating governmental
economy. His reasoning: “While I
am convinced that such a policy
. . . under present conditions would
have disastrous results, we live in
a democracy, and, therefore . . .
the viewpoint of the majority should
promptly be made effective.” His
suggestion: That federal spending
be concentrated on non-competing
public activities, i.e., buildings,
roads, schools, hospitals, housing.
Morgenthau Demarche. Next day
Mr. Morgenthau gave administra
tion blessing to congressional plans
for postponing scheduled increases
in payroll contributions for social
security, also endorsing a pay-as-
you-go system founded on sound ac
tuarial principles. Present assess
ments are 1 per cent each against
employer and employee. In 1940
and 1941 this would jump to 1% per
cent each; 2 per cent to 1945; 2Vi
per cent to 1948; 3 per cent each
after 1948. Mr. Morgenthau’s four
alternatives:
(1) One per cent to 1940; 1V4 per
cent to 1943 ; 2 per cent to 1946 ; 2 Vi
per cent to 1949 ; 3 per cent after
that.
(2) Boost from 1 to 1 Vi per sent
in 1940; to IVi per cent in 1941; to
1% per cent in 1942; present sched
ule thereafter.
(3) Boost from 1 to 1 Vi per cent in
1940; to IVi per cent in 1941; to IVi
per cent in 1942; present schedule
thereafter.
(4) Omit increase to IVi per cent
Pan-America
In early March Brazil’s Foreign
Minister Oswaldo Aranha arrived at
Washington, spent two weeks mak
ing friends and returned home with
a basketful of plums. In return for
liberal U. S. credit allowances to
develop Brazilian trade and indus
try (partly a Pan American defense
measure) Senor Aranha agreed to
resume payment on Brazilian debts
to U. S. bondholders on July 1.
But commitments that were con
venient in Washington were hard to
Trend
How the wind is blowing . . .
RISK—Thanks to Adolf Hitler,
rates on marine war risk insur
ance covering shipments through
the Baltic sea have been raised.
SPIES — Attorney General
Frank Murphy reports foreign
spies are becoming more active
in the U. S., but that federal
counter-espionage agencies are
prepared to cope with them “100
per cent.”
TREES — The national forest
service in 1938 planted 140,000,000
trees in 31 states, covering 154,-
268 acres.
DIVORCE—Seeking new indus
tries, the Kansas legislature is
considering a one-day divorce
law to attract more people to the
state.
OSWALDO ARANHA
Back home, his tone changed.
repeat when the foreign minister
returned to Rio de Janeiro. To pac
ify hard-pressed Brazilians, the
smooth-tongued statesman told his
home folks that “I always subordi
nated that moral obligation of pay
ment to material capacity to do it
. . . My theory (in promising pay
ment) was to tranquilize more than
half a million holders of our bonds.”
Observers have decided Senor
Aranha is merely playing a clever
game of diplomatip hide and seek.
From safely within his own baili
wick he can make pointed inferences
that Brazilian bond payments will
not be forthcoming as expected un
less U. S. tradesmen jump to re
duce his nation’s large surpluses.
People
Organized, by Mrs. Ken Maynard,
estranged wife of the cowboy ac
tor, an escort service to assist ine
briated Los Angeles night club
guests to their homes.
• Turned religious, A1 Capone, for
mer Chicago beer baron now im
prisoned at Terminal Island, Calif.
When a visiting minister asked pris
oners to stand if they “felt the need
of the Saviour,” Capone was the
first to rise.
Europe
Almost fcrgotten in the heat of
European affairs was a prediction
that came true: That March would
be a crisis month. As March neared
its lamb-like end, Reichsfuehrer
Adolf Hitler and Premier Benito
Mussolini had indeed engineered a
crisis and Europe’s democracies
were found wanting. The blunt fact:
For nine days after Germany’s
Czech conquest, France, Britain,
Russia and Poland sought unsuc
cessfully for solidarity while Hitler
made hay in Slovakia, Memel, Lith
uania, Belgium and Rumania. The
aftermath: Mussolini found courage
to cry openly (for the first time) for
French concessions. By the month’s
end it appeared flowers would bloom
this April in Europe, for only the
remote possibility of French anti-
Italian action could mar an other
wise complete Nazi-Fascist victory:
Germany. Of minor importance
to jittery London and France are
new German treaties handcuffing
Slovakia and Lithuania. Of greater
interest is the barter treaty with
Belgium, an inroad that strikes close
to home. But most important is
the pact Hitler shoved dqwn the
throat of Rumania’s King Carol. Its
gist: About 90 per cent of Carol’s
farm products, and most of his
9,000,000-ton annual oil production
go to Germany; Rumania is brought
politically, militarily and economi
cally into the Reich’s orbit by con
cessions unprecedented in modem
economic relations between two sov
ereign nations. With Hitler appar
ently headed eastward, Rumania of
fers an excellent Trojan horse for
penetration of the Russian Ukraine.
But increasingly remembered is the
fact that another empire-bound war
rior, Napoleon, met his match in
Russia.
Spain. By late March the 32-
month civil war had apparently run
its full course, ready to end with a
Nationalist victory, to be followed
by German-Italian domination.
Italy. All that remains to com
plete totalitarianism’s 1939 conquest
RUMANIA’S KING CAROL
Something was stuffed down his throat.
is French capitulation to Mussolini's
Mediterranean demands. No com
petent observer expects Paris to
balk at (1) giving minority rights
to Italians in Tunisia; (2) granting
Italy a share in administration of
the Suez canal, or (3) allowing It
aly to control the railroad from
French Djibouti to Addis Ababa,
Ethiopia's key city. So long as no
territorial demands are made, Paris
will register nothing more positive
than an air of righteousness.
Significance. Europe’s future will
henceforth be dictated from Rome
and Berlin, since democratic soli
darity efforts continue to fail.
France and England cannot be ex
pected to oppose any dictator con
quest short of encroachment on their
own territory, and even here they
would balk at armed opposition.
Miscellany
Favored, by more congressmen,
expansion of the neutrality act’s
“cash and carry” provision to in
clude sale of munitions to warring
nations.
• Commemorated, by a special
Irish postal stamp, the 150th anni
versary of the American Constitu
tion and George Washington’s in
stallation as first U. S. President.
•■Offered, by Japan, return of
mandated Caroline islands to Ger
many “as a gesture of good will and
an example to other countries hold
ing former German colonies. Stipu
lation: The islands are to be sur
rendered when the Reich recovers
colonies from Britain and France.
FORECAST
RESIGNATION of John W.
Hanes, undersecretary of the
U. S. treasury, due to difficulty of
closing breach between business
and government.
RELEASE of Kurt Schuschnigg,
former chancellor of Austria who
has been held captive by Ger
many since the anschluss a year
ago.
APPOINTMENT of University of
Chicago President Robert May
nard Hutchins to chairmanship of
the securities and exchange com
mission, following new Supreme
Court Justice William O. Doug
las. .
GROWTH of U. S. third party
movement by Philip LaFoUette,
former Progressive governor of
Wisconsin and founder of national
Progressive party.
’Ftoffd
ADVENTURERS' CLUB
HEADLINES FROM f H E LIVES
OF PEOPLE LIKE YOURSELFI
Murder Machine
»
H ello, everybody:
George H. Dowd of the Bronx, N. Y., sends me a letter
that starts out, “This is the first time I have ever tried to put*
an experience of mine down on paper. Shall I stop?”
Well, the answer to that is: For Pete’s sake, no, George.
Because George has turned in one hum-dinger of a yarn. It’s
the story of a barrage of flying steel that was set off, not by
powder or any other sort of explosive, but by actual horsepower
—28 horses, galloping hell-bent for election, drawing behind them
a machine that spued death-dealing projectiles right, left, front
and center.
It’s the only case I ever heard of where projectiles were
thrown by horses. Maybe some of those sword-rattling dictators
of Europe will pick.up this idea and use horses when their supply
of powder runs low. I haven’t done any experimenting with
thig idea and I don’t know how well it would work. But I’ll tell
you George Dowd’s story and you can figure it out for yourself.
It happened along about the middle of July, 1913, on the
Idaho Falls Development company dry farm, a few miles
northwest of Idaho Falls, Idaho. That farm was a seven-thousand acre
wheat ranch. Out in that section they harvest their wheat in July, and
George, who was just a young fellow then, had a job working on on*
of the Dig corribine harvesters, sewing up sacks of grain.
There were three of those harvesters in the field—one drawn
by mules, a second drawn by a steam engine or tractor, and the
third, on which George was working, drawn by 28 head of horses.
Those combine harvesters have a group of cylinders in them,
hitched to the wheels and geared np to revolve at great speed
when the horses are walking. George was working on a wooden
pia’tform on that harvester,'directly over those revolving cylin
ders. But the cylinders weren’t revolving at the moment, for
she big machine was stopped for some minor repairs. The repair
'/T:
Piece by piece the platform was being shot away.
man was putting a draper belt into the header, and the driver
and the header man got down to help him, leaving George alone
on the machine. j
Steam Pressure Explodes $afety Valve.
And then tba fun started—but it wasn’t any fun for George Dowd!
It was me steam tractor hauling one of the other harvesters
that started all the trouble. There was too much steam in the
boiler and all of a sudden the safety valve popped off with a
bang. “And within the same second,” says George, “off went the
2fr horses with the machine I was on in what you would call a
real runaway!”
Well, sir, a 28 horse runaway is something to write home about,
but that was only the beginning. The men who were putting in the
draper belt were knocked clear of the machine at the first jump the
horses made. Then those animals were off down the field at a full gal
lop with the great unwieldy machine careening along behind them! And
as they dashed along, the cylinders of the harvester, which revolved at
high speed when the horses were just walking, began revolving at a
speed greater than even steel can stand!
The horses hadn’t gone a dozen feet when steel cylinders be
gan bursting from centrifugal force and shooting out of the ma
chine in all directions. The first one ripped np through the boards
on which George was standing—ripped up with a deafening crack
like the report of a cannon and shot past George’s nose, straight
np in the air. Another one followed—and another. Cylinders,
gears and bits of broken metal came flying out of that machine
in a veritable barrage.
He Clung to the Harvester’s Reeling Platform.
“I was on the U. S. S. Leviathan for 22 months during the war,”
George says, “and I have heard her guns bark a good many times.
And I would say that the reports these gears and hunks of metal made
when leaving the machine were about as loud as those made by a six-
inch cannon.”
And George, standing right in the midst of that hail of flying steel,
couldn’t do anything about it. He was having all he could do to cling
to the swaying, reeling platform of that harvester while the horses gal
loped along at breakneck speed. Piece by piece and board by board, the
fir flooring of the platform was shot away until it was even with the heels
of his shoes.
If he’d thought of it, he might have Jumped, but for the first
few moments he was too bewildered. He could feel the wind of
those deadly metal projectiles as they whizzed by him. One of
them hit him in the calf of the leg. Others ripped great holes in
the canvas awning over his bead. “There were pieces of steel
weighing three or four pounds shot from that harvester,” he says,
“that were picked up later more than a mile away.”
Help Was Already on the Way.
But meanwhile, help was already on the way. The repair man had
a good saddle horse tied nearby and in less than half a minute he was
in the saddle, riding hard. The runaways had almost a quarter of a
mile head start, but gradually he closed up that distance. The barrage
of steel had stopped by then, and George was safe as long as he could
cling to his perch on the shattered platform.
He did cling to that platform. He olung to it for a full mile,
while the harvester reeled and swayed and threatened to tip over.
But at the end of that mile the repairman caught up with the
lead horses and brought them to a stop.
George says that harvester was nearly new when it started, but it
was a total wreck when it stopped. George, on the other hand, was
lucky. His only injury was where that one piece of flying steel had hit
his right leg. “And that,” he says, “wasn’t serious.”
Copyright—WNU Service.
Panama Cities Founded Several Centuries Ago
Cristobal, Canal Zone, Atlantic
port of entry to that strip of leased
territory across the narrow part of
the republic of Panama, is the
gateway to a scene that dates back
through the centuries. Panama City
and Colon are ancient and colorful,
and Cristobal and Balboa are mod
ern and military.
Panama City and Colon are not
outgrowths of the building of the
canal. They are cities founded four
centuries ago, the terminals of a
paved causeway built to carry the
unrecorded riches of the conquista-
dores, with a legend of pirates, buc
caneers, and the freebooters of the
Spanish Main. A kaleidoscope of
nations, they owe their atmosphere
to a commerce originating in the
Fifteenth century. The parade of
nations began with the Spaniards
and negro slaves, Inca chiefs and
native Indians, and was carried on
by the English buccaneers, the
French corsairs, the forty-niners,
Hindus, Chinese, and Arabs. De
scendants of these early merchants
pass through the streets, displaying
their wares in open shops that give
the thoroughfares the atmosphere
of an oriental bazaar.
Balboa and Cristobal contrast
sharply with Panama City and Colon
in all respects except natural tropic
beauty. They are a result of the
canal, with wharves, customs
houses, drydocks, administration
buildings, rows of houses and a
note of military efficiency.
What to Eat and Why
C. Houston Goudiss Offers Practical Help in Planning
Meals That Avoid Hidden Hunger; Illustrates
Right and Wrong Methods of Menu Building
By C. HOUSTON GOUDISS
A GENERATION ago, homemakers approached the prob
lem of feeding their families with but two objectives:
to put weight on their children and to send adults away from
the table with their appetites appeased. If the child failed
to gain satisfactorily, nr if his teeth were crowded and sub
ject to decay, he was said to “take after his Uncle Abner”
or perhaps to have inherited* ;
m
the poor teeth of his maternal
grandmother. And if adults
were chronically tired or suf
fered from “nerves,” that,
too, was blamed on circum
stances that had nothing to
do with the diet.
No one had ever heard of hid
den hunger! For nntritionists had
not yet startled the
world by demon
strating that food
may satisfy the ap
petite and yet fail
to feed . . . that
the absence of mi
nute amounts of
minerals and vita
mins may be re
sponsible for a long
train of deficiency
diseases w h i e h
cause untold mis
ery and are responsible for men
tal and physical inefficiency.
Planning Meals Scientifically
Today we know that a definite
relationship exists between food
consumption and bodily activity,
and that normal individuals can
usually control body weight by
regulating the amount of fuel
foods in the diet. We know that
minerals and vitamins play a pow
erful part in building and main
taining sound teeth as well as
healthy nerves; and that we can
build resistance to disease, defer
old age, and even lengthen the
span of life by choosing our food,
not merely for its appetite appeal,
but for the qualities that contrib
ute toward what nutritionists term
a balanced diet.
The Balanced Diet
Every modem homemaker
therefore owes it to her family not
to plan meals at random, but to
take into consideration the seven
factors that science has deter
mined to be essential for top
health. These include: protein
for building and repairing body
tissue; carbohydrates to produce
quick heat and energy; fats, a
more compact form of fuel; min
erals, which serve both as build
ers, and' as regulators of body
processes; vitamins A, B, C, D, E
and G, which act as regulators,
and help to prevent the various de
ficiency diseases; water, which
serves as a vehicle by which food
is carried to the tissues, and celln-
lose or bulk, required for the nor
mal functioning of the intestinal
tract.
A Day's Food Plan
The various food essentials will
be supplied if the three daily
meals include a quart of milk for
every child, a pint for each adult,
which may be served as a bever
age, with cereals, in soups, sauces
or made into desserts; an egg
daily, or at least three or four
weekly; one serving of meat, fish
or chicken, usually at the main
meal of the day; a second protein
food, such as cheese, baked beans
or nuts, usually served at lunch
or supper; two vegetables besides
potatoes, one of which should be
of the raw, leafy variety; two
servings of fruit, and at least one
serving of a whole grain cereal.
By adhering to this plan, you
will help to supply your family
with the necessary proteins, min
erals, vitamins and cellul'jse. Fuel
foods may be added by way of
breadstuffs, macaroni, rice and
other cereals; butter or margarine
and the fats used in cooking.
s_
Common Errors in Menu Planning
Common mistakes in menu plan
ning are a concentration of too
many proteins or carbohydrates
in one meal; the failure to include
adequate bulk by way of fruits^
vegetables and whole grain cere
als; and tfie massing in one meal
of too many foods that are high in
fat.
The following menu, for exam
ple, contains more protein than
necessary, and too little bulk, yet
it is typical of the dinners served
in many homes: Hamburger
Steak, Baked Beans, Potatoes,
Stewed Com, Custard Pie.
Since both meat and baked
beans are rich in protein, they
may well be served at separate
meals, as indicated by either of
the following combinations: Ham
burger Steak, Creamed Potatoes,
String Beans, Lettuce Salad,
Fresh or Cooked Fruit. Or, Baked
Beans, Stewed Tomatoes, Cabbage
Salad, Custard Pie.
In the first menu, the beans, po
tatoes, com and pastry are all
high carbohydrate foods. To pro
vide additional bulk, as well as
to reduce the amount of carbo
hydrate, it would be advisable to
serve a green vegetable such as
string beans, and choose fruit in
stead of pie for dessert. It is as
sumed, of course, that eggs would
be given in some other form dur-
protein and carbohydrate, we omit
potatoes in the third menu, and I
serve a Jood rich in vitamin C—
the tomatoes, and add a bulky
raw vegetable by way of the salad.
It't Balance That Count*
It requires no more time or ef
fort to prepare nutritionally cor
rect meals than those which lack
balance, nor is it more expen
sive. For elaborate meala can lack
balance, if they are deficient in
minerals, vitamins and bulk, while
these composed of such simple
foods as bread and milk, and
stewed fruits may provide an
abundance of the protective sub
stances which satisfy the hidden
hunger of the body.
My plea to homemakers is to
give less thought to the prepara
tion of elaborate recipes, and
more thought to supplying the food
values that will create abundant
health and vitality. In that way,
x believe we shall take a real step
forward in human progress.
I*—WNU—C. Houston Ooudlss—1938—ST
Gay Fruit Motif for Towels
MSSSSSS
Pattern 6037
Here’s your chance to add color
to the kitchen in the simplest of
stitchery. Do the large fruit in
applique or outline stitch and let
the cross-stitch (4 and 8-to-the-
inch) give the finishing touch.
Make them for the bride-to-be but
here’s fair warning, you’ll want to
keep them yourself! In pattern
6037 you will find a transfer pat
tern of six motifs averaging 4 by
10 inches and the applique pattern
pieces; color suggestions; materi
al requirements; illustrations of
stitches used.
To obtain this pattern, send 15
cents in coins to The Sewing Cir
cle, Household Arts Dept., 259
West 14th St., New York, N. Y.
Please write your name, ad
dress and pattern number plainly.
Nothing Is Lost
Nothing is lost, neither thoughts
nor even dreams. They remain
the soul of the earth, in order to
produce other thoughts — other
dreams.—Pierre De Coulevam.
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