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-■ THE SUN, NEWBERRY, S. C, FRIDAY, JANUARY 27, 1939 w —Weekly News Analysis Sharp Foreign Policy Shifts Follow Rome Parley Collapse “By Joseph W. T La Bine— EDITOR'S NOTE—Wbtn tpiniant mrt expressed in these columns, they ere those el the news snstyst, end not mecesssrtly •/ th, mmpMptt. International Why, they did not know, but from every nook and cranny of the world came statesmen bound for Geneva where under leaden skies opened the 104th session of the League of Nations. Spokesmen admitted the League was forgotten in a new era of “power politics” in which four nations (Britain, France, Italy and Germany) appeared destined to guide the world to war or peace. Geneva’s convocation would have been dolorous anyway, but on its eve two great statesmen met in Rome and found they could not agree. Overnight, with lightning speed, the forces of democracy vs. dictatorship shifted to more posi- * live, more threatening positions. When British Prime Minister Ne ville Chamberlain went to Rome for consultation with Premier Benito Mussolini, he knew his political fu ture hung in the balance. For 18 months he had subscribed to the unpopular course of appeasing dic tators. Munich’s “peace” treaty had been followed by Italian territorial demands against Britain’s ally, France. Invocation of the Anglo- Italian friendship pact had been fol lowed by an even more aggressive Italian participation in the Spanish war. Obviously appeasement was a failure. When, after two days of conver sations, Mr. Chamberlain left for home without an announcement, the world knew what had happened. Ap peasement as a peace weapon was abandoned. Britain had straightened up, deciding to lead with her chin instead of the palm of her hand. This news had hardly been flashed before news of resultant develo;> ments began flashing back from key world capitals: BUDAPEST i Almost unnoticed the day Mr. Chamberlain arrived in Rome was the announcement that Hungary had recognized Japan’s puppet state of Manchukuo. The past few , years have seen Hungary vainly attempt ing to straddle the fence, keeping peace with Germany and Italy, meanwhile maintaining cordial re lations with Britain. But Count Ste phen Csaky, foreign minister, has been squinting at new developments with an eye to changing his position. A week before the Rome-London conversations, Poland — Hungary’s unofficial ally in eastern Europe— had abandoned her independent po sition and tightened her bonds with Germany. Count Csaky realized this left Hungary uncomfortably isolat ed. When news from Rome herald ed a sharpened definition of policy between democracies and dictators, Count Csaky decided to cast his lot with dictatorships. Thus Hungary joined the Italian-German-Japanese pact against communism and made plans to leave the League of Na tions. A safe prediction is that Po land will follow suit. To strengthen the Rome-Berlin axis even more, Italian Count Gale- azzo Ciano, Mussolini’s foreign min ister, is making a tour of the Bal kans with special emphasis on Jugo- HUNGARY’S csaky He chote to follow dictators. slavia, Hungary and Poland. At the same time German Foreign Min ister Joachim von Ribbentrop left for Warsaw to talk with Polish For eign Minister Joseph Beck. BARCELONA French sympathies in the Spanish civil war lie with Loyalists; Italy’s sympathies—and support—lie with Rebels. This animosity has wid ened the Rome-Paris breach over Italian territorial demands in Tuni sia, Corsica, Djibouti and other French points. Just before Mr. Chamberlain left for Rome, Rebels began a well-timed offensive in northeastern Catalonia, aimed to show the prime minister that Loyal ist Spain was weakening and should be sold down the river by democra cies. But when Chamberlain re fused to concede the point, Musso lini’s controlled press announced it would be “absolutely useless to speak of arbitration and mediation” in settling Europe’s problems until the Insurgents won the Spanish war. As if to hasten this outcome, the "Chamberlain offensive” swept into Catalonia and drew near Barcelona. Obviously Mussolini wants to wind up the war, release his troops from Spain and consolidate his position in the Mediterranean in prepara tion for renewed demands against France. Meanwhile, in Paris Pre mier Edouard Daladier’s Radical Socialist party demanded govem- VISCOUNT HALIFAX England will come to the rescue. ment intervention to prevent a Rebel victory in Spain, arguing that such an outcome would threaten France’s Mediterranean communi cations. TARIS There no longer remains doubt that the French-Italian argument will supply Europe with its next cri sis. Prior to the Chamberlain-Mus- solini conversations it looked like France might have to face this dic tator threat alone, thanks to Brit ain’s hesitancy over insulting Ger many and Italy. But immediately after the conference British Foreign Secretary Viscount Halifax left for Geneva where he met French For eign Minister Georges Bonnet. It was authoritatively learned that Halifax assured Bonnet that Eng land will go to France’s aid if she is attacked by any other country, in cluding Italy. Halifax and Bonnet obviously held their meeting in Geneva—just as the League sessions opened—to bolster League prestige and give some sem blance of international support to the Anglo-French position. TOKYO When London heard that Chamber- lain had abandoned his appease ment policy, the foreign office im mediately emboldened itself like a youngster with a new slingshot. Looking around for places to drain off a long pent-up wrath, it turned attention first to Japan. Tokyo’s conquest of China has been tolerat ed by Britain simply because a stern position would incur the anger of Japan’s anti-communist friends, It aly and Germany. For some time there have been hints of U. S.-British “parallel ac tion” against Japan for violation of the 1922 nine-power pact which guaranteed China’s “open door.” But this parallel action has hereto fore been one-sided, as witness the huge U. S. credit grant to China compared with Britain’s tiny credit allowance. But Washington’s strong protest note to Tokyo last Decem ber 31 was velvet smooth compared with the protest British Ambassador Sir Robert L. Craigie was called upon to hand Japan after the Rome conversations. Excerpts: “His majesty’s government is at a loss to understand how (former Japanese premier) Prince Konoe’s assurance that Japan seeks no ter ritory and respects the sovereignty of China can be reconciled with the declared intention of the Japanese government to compel the Chinese people ... to accept conditions in volving surrender of their political, economic and cultural life to Japa nese control. . . . For their part, his majesty’s government desires to make it clear that they are not prepared to accept or to recognize changes of the nature indicated which are brought about by force.” SIGNIFICANCE Behind the Mussolini-Chamberlain impasse which precipitated these events was the unseen hand of U. S. disgust over London’s vaccilating foreign policy. But just as impor tant was London’s assurance that the U. S. planned to build up its armed forces under President Roosevelt’s two-year, $552,000,000 emergency defense program. Re gardless of the cause, regardless of the resultant consolidation moves by totalitarian states, both France and Britain are inclined to believe they have seen the last of democratic concessions to dictators. The great est fear is that this new and sensi ble policy has been adopted too late, that Germany and Italy have at tained an undisputable upper hand in the few short months since Mu nich. Religion In prosperous years church mem bership and attendance remains even or shows a very slight in crease. During depressions mem bership and attendance will rise through, a return to religion. Fore most among U. S. religious statisti cians is Rev. Dr. Herman C. Weber, whose report for 1937 has just been released. Salient facts and figures: Total membership early in 1938 was 64,- 158,895, church members having in creased 960,000 in 1937 (twice as fast as the population). Churches increased by 1,743. A trend to church unity was evident, since 97.3, of the total U. S. churcn population belongs to the 50 larger bodies. About 160 smaller bodies account for the remaining 2.7 per cent. Communication An important weapon in the spread of Nazi economic-political in fluence is propaganda. So impor tant has this weapon become that at December’s Pan-American con ference in Lima, Peru, delegates adopted a resolution condemning it. But for five years the government- subsidized Transocean News Serv ice has operated via wireless from Berlin to Latin America, providing slyly propagandized world news coverage to newspapers at small cost. Its purpose: To win Latin American markets for the Reich, meanwhile spreading political doc trines. In answer to Pan-American conference resolutions, Transocean News Service is now being modern- zed and speeded to South America. Just opened is a new transmitter at Buenos Aires, while another is be ing built at Lima. Congress President Roosevelt won little ap plause January 4 when his State of the Union speech referred to the un popular governmental reorganiza tion bill. Congress thought it best to leave well enough alone, but since the session got under way two re organization schemes, one of them far more important than the ad ministration’s proposals, have been broached: Relief. Reluctantly the average U. S. citizen admits unemployment and old age assistance have be come permanent problems. Creat ed by the New Deal, pioneering agencies to cope with these needs have worked too independently, often wastefully. Social security, WPA, PWA, CCC and NYA all have a common denominator, but not un til this year has anyone bothered to suggest it. Headed by South Caro lina’s Sen. James F. Byrnes, a spe- SENATOR BYRNES He found a common denominator. cial senate committee on unemploy ment and relief has now proposed creation of a new department of public works to handle all such du ties except social security. The three basic recommendations: (1) Co-ordination of state unem ployment compensation systems un der federal law, with U. S. financial assistance, providing 13-week pay ments ranging from $5 to $15, de pending on salary over the 26 weeks before an unemployed person lost his job; (2) increased federal par ticipation in state-federal old age assistance, to provide minimum of $15 a month compensation; (3) an anticipated, annual U. S. public works appropriation. Should the proposal be adopted, relief and security would still hold plenty of headaches for congress. Left to be ironed out was President Roosevelt’s proposal of “social se curity for all,” under which old age and unemployment insurance pro tection would be given every U. S. worker as soon as possible. Other points in the administration’s social security program: (1) increased protection to aged and dependent children; (2) establishment of merit system for state social security per sonnel; (3) advancing social securi ty’s pension starting date from 1942 to 1940. Defense. Far less noteworthy than the Byrnes report but significant of the reorganization trend is the thus- far anonymous proposal to pool army and navy under a single cabi net officer. Its aim: To co-ordinate defense. Though similar measures have reached congress before, most of them failed because of tradition al, leather-necked rivalry between the two branches of defense. This session’s bill has a better chance be cause the proposed special rearma ment program needs a single guid ing hand, not several. Floyd ^66011^ ADVENTURERS’ CLUB HEADLINES FROM THE LIVES OF PEOPLE LIKE YOURSELFI a River of Death »» Red Herring Across Trail “Phrase Origins,” by Alfred Holt says: “When one politician accuses another of attempting ‘to drag a red herring across the trail,’ he is referring to the traditional use of a particularly strong-smelling smoked fish to throw the dogs off the scent. Red herring were sometimes used in the training of hounds. The fig urative use implies evading the is sue, dragging in something irrele vant, especially a personal insult fired at the other man to cover your retreat from a bad hole.” IMPROVED UNIFORM INTERNATIONAL S UNDAY I chool Lesson H ello everybody: Here’s a yarn of two men who followed a dog—almost to their doom. One of these men was Fred Rowan of Pelham, N. Y. The other was his friend and hunting companion, Bat. Fred was working down in Costa Rica in 1922, as overseer of a banana farm. Bat was another young American who also worked on the plantation. On New Year’s morning, the pair of them started out on a hunting trip, taking along Bat’s dog. And that mutt led them into the worst spot either of them had ever been in in their lives. The dog, Fred says, was a brainless animal, untrained and more trouble than he was worth on a hunting trip. They had crossed a bridge over a river, struck into the tropical jungle along a well known trail and had been hunting for an hour when the dog ran off into the underbrush and, a few moments later, set up a terrific yelping. Bat yelled: “Come on—the pigs have himl” And the two men were off the trail, crashing through matted brush to save the dog from the wild pigs of the region which would tear him to pieces in no time. They plunged into low, swampy land and found the dog. To Fred’s disgust there were no pigs. The cause of all the commotion was a little moth- eaten swamp squirrel. Rain Drives Them Toward Higher Ground. At that moment it started raining, as only it can rain in the tropics. Hastily the two men started back in what they thought was the direction of higher ground. “But,” says Fred, “we couldn’t see more than 30 feet ahead through the dense vegetation, and soon we were hopelessly mud dled. All day long we tried this direction and that, but to no avail. HAROLD L. LUNDQUIST, D. D. .an of The Moody Bible Institute of Chicago. _ . • Weetern Newspaper Union. Lesson for January 29 He covered the crossing with a big automatic rifle. Stumbling over vines and roots, we floundered helplessly in that tropic swamp. Late in the afternoon we came out on a bit of solid ground beside the river. We tried to head upstream, but ran into another swamp. We made our way back to the high ground and all night we huddled there, cold and wet, with the rain dinning in our ears. Dawn found us wretched with hunger and thirst, for with all the water around us, none of it was safe to drink. Across the river we could see waving banana leaves. Over there would be trails, and a trolley line leading to the railroad. If we could only get across.” Bat to get Across that river meant swimming—and the river was full of alligators. On the other hand, it would be almost as bad to go back into the jungle. In front of Fred’s eyes was a picture of a native he had found a month before. He had been lost for 13 days, and when Fred found him he had gone into his last sleep—a shrunken body covered with torn and festered skin. Even alligators would be better than that. It was Bat who decided Fred. Bat was just over an attack of fever, and he was the weaker of the two. “Stay here and rot if you want to,” he croaked. “I’m going across the river.” Fred felt the same way about it. He told Bat to go ahead—that he’d stay on the bank with a rifle and “cover” his crossing with his big automatic rifle. Car rying the lighter rifle—a .22—Bat called his dog and plunged into the water. He made steady progress, and no alligators showed their noses above the surface of the stream. But Fred was relieved when at last he climbed up on the other bank. “Bat motioned to me to come along,” says Fred, “and with a sick feeling I made a few simple preparations. My rifle was much too heavy and awkward to hold, so I unlaced my belt half way, threaded it through the trigger guard and refastened it around my waist. This per mitted the barrel to swing between my legs and gave me freedom to kick. As I entered the water it occurred to me that Bat was covering my approach with a .22 full of water. A .22 wouldn’t even dent an alli gator’s tough hide. But by then I was out in the current and swimming.” Fred swam steadily. He was making it. And then, when he was a scant 15 feet from shore, something struck him a terrific blow in the small of the back. At that moment, Fred had visions of a big, scaly snout poking at him before making the final grab. An alligator! Panic seized him. He threw up his hands and screamed “Oh my God!” And as he did so he got a glimpse of Bat’s face above him—and horror was written all over it. He Crawled Ashore and Fell Face Down. “1 thrashed madly in the water,” he says, “and as I did so I felt bottom with my knees. I crawled ashore and flopped face down on the ground, gagging and retching with nausea. I lay there for a while, and then Bat helped me to my feet and steadied me while I took the rifle off my belt.” As they started to walk away, neither man spoke. Nothing was said about Fred’s terrifying experience. Darkness had fallen again, when, after much stumbling they came to the troUey line that led to the railroad. Just before midnight they came in sight of the winking lights of their plantation camp. They took some whisky and a stiff dose of quinine apiece—and went to bed. The next morning Fred got up and began taking stock—and got the surprise of his life. When he came to examine his rifle he found that the barrel was split from the muzzle almost up to the stock. Then he asked Bat a few questions—they hadn't spoken of that swim across the river before—and found out all about that “alligator” that had given him such a scare the evening before. That alligator just didn’t exist. It was the gun that had given him that poke. “The motion of swimming,” Fred says, “had pushed the catch off ‘safety’ and the drag against the belt had pulled the trigger. The cartridge, exploding under water, created a terrific recoil which drove the stock of the gun into the small of my back. Bat had seen what took place, and thought from my cries that I had been shot. Hence the expression of horror on his face. And I, of course, thought it was because something had attacked me. t. My mind had been too dazed to realize the folly of swimming with a loaded gun.” And another folly Fred says he’ll never repeat is going to the rescue of a half-witted dog. Copyright.—WNU Service. Bittersweet in Dune Country Bittersweet grows in various lo calities, one of its favored habitats being the dune country along the shore of lower Lake Michigan. In some places among the white sand hills the shrub is quite abundant. Sometimes it climbs a small tree, its own foliage all but obliterating from sight the leaves, twigs and branches df the tree. In this respect bittersweet is not unlike the wild grape. Other times it is supported by lower forms such as young sand cherry shrubs. AROUND THE HOUSE For Baby’s Safety—Keep the handles of kettles on the stove turned toward the back. tjeeeon subject* and Scripture texte ee- ected end cqpjrrl*hted by International Council of Re&sioue Education; uaed be perfbimen. PETER DECLARES HIS LOVE LESSON TEXT—John GOLDEN TEXT—If ye love roe. keep my commandments.—John 14:19. 1 'Lovest thou me?” This is the question our Lord asked Peter. It comes to us today. Do we love our Lord? It is a simple question,^but qlso a very searching one. “We may know much, and do much, and profess much, and talk much, and work much, and give much, and go Through much, and make much show in our religion, and yet be dead before God from want of love . . There is no life where there is no love . . . Knowledge, ortho doxy, correct views ... a respect able moral life—all these do not make up a true Christian. There must be some personal feeling to ward Christ” (J. C. Ryle). The instructive story, the center of which is Peter’s declaration of love for Christ, presents a picture of a life of true devotion and service to the Lord we love. l. Fishing at Christ’s Command (v. 11). Peter had led the disciples in a fruitless fishing expedition (w. 2, 3). There may have been some un believing self-will in his “I go a- fishing.” It may also have been the need of food on the part of the disciples who had not yet been sent forth to preach. But in any case they caught nothing until they went to work at the Lord’s direction. Useless and pathetic is the effort of the Church to win men to Christ except as He directs and blesses the work. He knows when, where, and how we ought to fish for men. Let us seek His guidance rather than suffer the disappointment which goes with man-directed campaigns and “drives.” As a matter of fact, we need more divine directing and less human driving. H. Fellowship With the Lord (w. 12-14). There are some folk who seem to think that following Christ is a dole ful matter, devoid of every pleasant contact. Jesus never taught any such thing. He attended weddings and dinners even in the homes of those despised by men. Remember that He always did it for their spir itual good, not merely for His own enjoyment; and that He always brought the gathering up to His own spiritual level, rather than stooping to any worldly or wicked standards. Here we find Him with a glowing fire upon which fish is broiling and with bread ready for the hungry fishermen. It is just like Him thus to meet in most delightful and satis fying fellowship those who serve Him. Draw up to the fire, Christian friends who are standing afar off. You may be so timid that, like the disciples, you will not dare to call Him by name (v. 12), but if you will come you will find that the precious fellowship will soon warm your heart. m. Feeding His Flock (w. 15-17). Many (perhaps most) after-dinner speeches and conversations yield lit tle profit. Here is an occasion when such was not the case. One won ders whether we would not be wise to take the suggestion and turn our thoughts and those of our dinner guests to spiritual things. Surely it should be so among Christian friends and in a Christian home. Three times Peter is asked to de clare his love for Christ. Such a public confession was quite in place, before the man who had thrice de nied his Lord is restored to a place of leadership. The words “more than these” (v. 15), indicate that Jesus was asking of him a high measure of devotion. It is no more than H° has a right to expect of us. The expression of love to Christ means practically nothing except as it manifests itself in service. We, like Peter, are to be diligent about feeding His flock, whether they be the young and inexperienced lambs, or the mature sheep of the fold. Observe that we are to catch the fish (the unconverted) and feed the flock (the redeemed). Sometimes it sefems that we are trying to catch the Christians to forward some scheme of advancement, and failing to win the unconverted, because we are feeding them spiritual food that belongs to the flock of God. IV. Following Christ to the End (w. 18, 19). The Christian (and surely the Christian worker) is to glorify God even by his death (v. 19). What a significant reply John Wesley made when his followers were criticized: “At any rate, our people die well." Peter was to go on to the end, know ing that he faced martyrdom for Christ. But we are not only called to die like Christians, we are to live for Him. When Jesus “had spoken this, he saith unto him, Follow me” (v. 19). Just as we said that the Church needs more divine directing and less human driving, so we say that the crying need of the Church now ia not more leaders, but a greater host of faithful followers of Jesus. Will you, because you love Him, follow Him in life and death? Use for Old Christmas Cards.— When you are through with your Christmas cards, the children will enjoy cutting, pasting and redeco rating them. • • • Safety Measure.—Chemical fire extinguishers have saved many homes from being reduced to ashes. Even a bucket of sand or damp sawdust is effective if used before a fire gets too much start. • • • Cleaning Isinglass.—Apply vine gar on a cloth to the stains on isinglass on stoves. With a little rubbing, the stains will come off. • • • Lowering High Ceilings One way to help make a ceiling look lower is to use simple valances at high windows. - • • • Save Your Back.—Whether to buy a stove with a working sur face over a low oven or a high oven, it may pay to remember that bending requires four times as much energy as standing. • • • Flavoring Mashed Potatoes.— One teaspoon of onion juice or half a sliced raw onion added to mashed potatoes gives them a dif ferent flavor. POSITIVELY! "Laden's are 'double- barrelled*. ..yoq get soothing relief, pbu an alkaline (actor.” Chajkles Lewis, Chemist, New York LUDEN'S MINTHOL COUOH DROPS Acknowledging Faults It is a greater thing to know how to acknowledge a fault than to know how not to commit one.— Cardinal de Retz. Dob’! Aggravate B Tear ( oongtipation SMk by Just yon nasd is tbs DOUBLE ACTION at Adlsriks. This S5»yssz-old ramsdy la BOTH esnsinstlT* and cathartic. Canaia ' that warm and soothe the stomach and OAS. Cathartics that act quickly and a _, elearins the bowcic of wastes that may haws caused GAS BLOATING, headaches, indl- Rest ion. sour stomach and nerve Dremira foe months. Adhriha doss not gripe—is not habit {ermine. Adlsriks acta on the stomach and BOTH bowels. It relims STOMACH OAS almost at ones, and often rcmoTcc bowel wastes in leas than two hows. Adlsriks has bsem recommended by many doctors lor H yaars. Gst th. cenuina Adlsriks today. Sold at ail dms ■tars* Place of Amusement Let amusement fill up the chinks of your existence, but not the great spaces thereof.—T. Parker. COLD relkefI HINT TO MOTHER! Every mother wants to know how to relieve her child’s cold dis comfort Rub with stainless, snow- white Penetro. Extra • medicated vapors tend to re lieve congestion of respiratory mucous mem brane. Penetro eases the chest muscle tightness. PENETRO Joys Concealed He who can conceal his joys, is greater than he who can hide his griefs.—Lavater. AT flOOO DRUG STORKS • LAMf •onu WNU—7 That Na^in<? Backache May Warn of Disordered Kidney Action Mod«n life with its hurry and worry, Irrccnlar habit*, improper eatinc and drink ins—its Hak of expoeure and infec tion—throws beary strain on tbs work of the kidneys. They arc apt to bccom* over-taxed and fail to alter excess add and other impurities from th* iifc-*ivin« blood. Yon may suSer nagging backache, headache, dixxinecs, getting up nights, leg pains, sweUtng—fed constantly tired, nervous, all wont out. Other signs of kidney or bladder disorder may be burning, scanty or too frequent urinatkm. Use Doaa’o Pills. Doan's hdp the kidney* to get rid of excess poisonous body wssto. 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