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* McCORMICK MESSENGER, McCORMICK, S. THURSDAY, OCTOBER 31,. 1940 ^FIRST-AID* to file AILING HOUSE ly ROGER B. WHITMAN ^ . (• Roger B. Whitman—WNU Service.) Smoking Fireplace. ./"kUESTJON: What can I do to stop |VJ xny fireplace from smoking? Answer: There are many reasons why a fireplace smokes. One is that the area of the flue is too small for the fireplace opening. The open* ing of a fireplace should be about 10 to 12 times the area of the flue; that is, for an 8 by - 12-inch flue the size of the opening should be 960 ;square inches or thereabouts. Other reasons are: ( More than one fire connected to .the flue; each fire should have its own flue, and the walls of the flue should be air-tight. ' | Chimney too low; the top of the chimney should not be less than fpur feet above a flat roof, or two feet above the highest point ot a gable roof—higher yet if there are , nearby tall trees or buildings. The jflue should be the same size to the very top. * Flue clogged; the condition of a | fireplace flue can often be exam ined from the fireplace by the use of a mirror, with or without a flash light. j Wrong construction of throat and wind shelf. Throat damper closed. I Opening of the fireplace too high for the width, which can be cor rected by setting a sheet of metal across the top of the opening, or laying firebricks on the'' fireplace floor. The proper height for the width can be found by experiment ing with boards held across the top of the opening. Sealing Paint. Question: What should be done to my house t6 make the paint stay on? The house, when new, was given - two coats of white paint. Three years later it was given two more coats. A year later the paint checked, curled and fell off. The paint scaled off down to the wood. The clapboards on the north side are affected worst. Answer: Remove the old paint down to the wood. Thin out the paint according to manufacturer’s directions for each coat. Aluminum paint makes an excellent priming coat. The surface must be thor oughly dry before painting. Several days* drying time must be allowed between coats. Paint is applied in thin coats well brushed out. A thick ' application of paint, will.not dry out quickly and is apt to cause trouble later on. Removal of Flow Wax. Question: I have tried a commer cial solvent for the removal of ac cumulated wax on a linoleum floor, but it has nq£ produced satisfactory results. I have also tried using a steel scraper, but with little success. Is there anything you can suggest that would do the job more effl- cienitly? Answer: A mild soap, warm water and steel wool rubbed gently on the surface of the linoleum will usually remove most forms of wax. In stub born cases turpentine instead of soap and water may be used, but the turpentine must be wiped off as soon as the wax is taken off. Are you sure it is wax and not varnish that you are trying to remove? Size of Hot Water Tank. ^ Question: I am having an auto matic/gas water heater installed in a two-family house, three persons in each family. I do my own launder ing. Would a 40-gallon tank be large enough? Is it advisable to have a copper tank? Are all automatic gas heaters made of copper? Answer: Much depends on the customs and habits of the occupants of the house. A 52-gallon storage tank would be more satisfactory than a 40-gallon. Copper tanks are long lasting and eliminate rust in water. Gas water heaters are made with copper or galvanized steel tanks. Painting Metal Window Frames. Question: I intend removing all the old paint from the metal win dow frames on my house. Please advise me if you know of a good primer paint which will prevent peeling. Answer: Remove all of the paint that is loose by rubbing with sand- paper or steel wool, smoothing the surface as much as possible. Then wipe with benzine (inflammable!) or turpentine. For a priming coat apply top quality aluminum paint. When thoroughly dry and hard, fin ish with a good quality outside paint. Stains on Siding. Question: Brown stains are show ing on my siding, which I am told are due to sap. They show through the paint. Before repainting this spring, can I do anything to pre vent them? Answer: You can seal in those dark stains on your siding with top quality aluminum paint. Begin by sandpapering the stains, and then wipe them with benzine, being care ful of fire. Aluminum paint makes an excellent sealer as well as a good priming coat. Powderpost Beetles. Question: I have several pieces of old furniture that are infested with powderpost beetles. What can I do to exterminate these insects? Answer: They can be destroyed Household Neuis =» tH /^mnOT' THE COVERED DISH CHURCH SUPPER (See Recipes Below) As I sit here thinking about church suppers, my mind wanders back several years to the suppers I at tended in my old home town. There was always a feeling of congeniali ty, of hospitality and fellowship. The annual church supper was some thing that couldn’t be, and wouldn’t be, missed. Many times it was a covered dish supper. There was usually a great variety of food. The menu was di vided up into the main dish, the sal ad, the bread and butter, and the dessert. Each lady of the church was made responsible for one item of the menu; and she, no doubt, pre pared her own favorite recipe. Can you pass a table containing a tempting assortment of foods with out wanting at least a taste of everything? Can you decide wheth er or not you want the cocoanut cream pie which , is heaped with fluffy «whipped cream, or the rich-looking chocolate cake with the thick fudge icing, when you know that you are entitled to only one des sert? Of course not! Instead of hav ing such a wide selection of food for a xJovered'dislv supper, why not plan a well-balanced menu so that every one gets exactly the same? Hot Water Cheese Pastry. (Makes 30 tarts) 1% cups shortening % cup boiling water 4 cups general purpose flour 2 teaspoons salt 1 teaspoon baking powder 2 cups American cheese (grated) Place shortening in warm bowl, pour boiling water over it and cream thoroughly with a fork. Place floury salt, and baking powder in flour sieve and sift gradually into the creamed mixture. Add cheese. Mix thoroughly. Make up into dough ball, then chill in refrigerator. When ready to bake remove from refrig erator, divide dough and roll out. Cut into rounds and bake. Tuna Cracker Pie. (Serves 4 to 5) 1 tablespoon onion (chopped) 2 tablespoons green pepper (chopped) 1 tablespoon butter 2 tablespoons flour 1 can cbndensed chicken soup 6 tablespoons milk 1 can condensed cream of mush room soup 1 can (7-ounce) tuna fish Crackers for bottom and top of pie Cook the onion and green pepper in butter until soft, but not brown. Then add flour and mix well. Add the chicken soup and cook un til thickened. Stir in the milk. Add this to the cream of mushroom soup. Put the tuna fish in a strainer and pour a cup of hot water over it to take off the excess oil. Then add flaked tuna fish; heat to blend flavors. Cover the bottom of small casserole with crackers (round) and put tuna mixture into the casserole. For top: 12 crackers % cup hot milk Soak the crackers in the milk un til soft. Then arrange crackers on top of pie and bake in a moderately hot oven (375 degrees) for 20 to 25 minutes. Chocolate Fudge Cake. (Serves 25) 1 cup shortening 3 cups light brown sugar 3 eggs (slightly beaten) 3*6 cups cake flour 2 teaspoons baking powder Vi teaspoon salt 1 Vi teaspoons soda % cup sour milk % cup cocoa 1 cup boiling wat^r 1 teaspoon vanilla Cream shortening and add sugar gradually, blending well after each addition. Add slightly beaten eggs , , and mix well. Sift together the flour, by the liberal application of kero- taking powder, salt, and soda. Add sene. This should be brushed and sprayed on the parts that are at tacked, and should be forced into all holes and crevices with a fine-spout -oil-can or medicine dropper. Road Surfacing. to the creamed mixture alternately with the milk. Blend cocoa and boil ing water. Add to the cake batter with the vanilla, and mix just until the batter is smooth. Pour into 3 8-inch square pans, which have been greased and lined with wax paper. Bake in a moderate oven (350 de grees) for about 30 minutes. Macaroni and Cheese. (Serves 90-100) 8 pounds macaroni . 4 pounds cheese (grated) ' 2*6 gallons white sauce (medium) 2 tablespoons prepared mustard 2*6 cups butter 3 quarts soft bread crumbs 1. Cook the macaroni in boiling, salted water until tender. Drain and rinse in cold water. 2. Grate the cheese, and add *to white sauce, with the prepared mus tard. 3. Combine the macaroni and the cheese sauce. Place in greased baking pans. 4. Melt the butter and mix lightly with the crumbs. Sprinkle over the macaroni and cheese. 5. Bake in a moderately hot oven (400 degrees) for about 30 minutes. Clam Chowder. (Serves 50) IV* quarts carrot (chopped) IVi cups onion (chopped) 3 quarts potato (chopped) 7% cups celery (chopped fine) 5 quarts clams 5 quarts water and clam liquor Salt and pepper to taste 5 quarts milk 1% cups flour 1% cups butter 1 cup parsley 2 tablespoons paprika 1. Chop the vegetables in small pieces and place in large kettle. 2. Chop the clams and add togeth er with the clam liquor, water, salt and pepper. Cov er and cook about % hour, or until vegetables are tender. 3. Scald milk. 4. Make a smooth paste of the flour and wa ter. Add half of this flour paste to the clam mixture and half to the scalded milk. 5. Cook each, stirring constantly, until the mixture thickens. 6. Combine and add butter, pars ley, and paprika. Serve very hot. Chocolate Nut Drop Cookies. (Makes 4 dozen) Va cup butter 1 cup sugar 1 egg 116 cups flour 2 teaspoons baking powder Va teaspoon salt % cup cocoa % cup milk . % teaspoon vanilla extract 1 cup nut meats (broken) Cream butter and add sugar slow ly while beating constantly. Beat egg and add. Mix and sift all dry ingredients and add alternately with the milk. Blend thoroughly. Then add vanilla and nut meats. Drop by spoonfuls on well-greased baking sheet and bake in a moderate oven (350 degrees) for about 12 minutes. Baked Sweet Potatoes. (Serves about 25) 20 medium sized sweet potatoes 2 teaspoons salt 3 cups cream or rich milk 216 cups brown sugar % pound marshmallows Peel potatoes and boil in salted water until tender but not soft. Slice potatoes in half and place in a glass baking dish. Add cream and sprinkle with brown sugar. Bake approximately 10 minutes in a hot oven (400 degrees) or until sugar has melted and caramelized with the cream. Then arrange marshmallows on top. Return baking dish to oven and brown marshmellows. HOUSEHOLD HINTS Miss Eleanor Howe’s book of “Household Hints” is just what the title implies. It is a book written to help you homemakers in doing the ordinary things about the home in less time, and to add a bit of interest to those menial tasks. Before your fall housecleaning and refurnishing campaign gets under way, send for a copy of this clever, helpful book. You may secure your copy by writing to Eleanor Howe, 919 North Michigan Avenue, Chicago, Illinois, enclosing 10 cents, in coin. (Released by Western Newspaper Union.) Farm Topics LEGUMES RAISE SOIL FERTILITY Nitrogen-Rich Crops Need Special Handling. By C. B. WILLIAMS . (Head. N. C. State foliage Agronomy Department) Legumes plus proper fertilization hold the key to fertile, productive soils. The most practical method in building up the productive power of soils calls for the proper growth and handling of suitable legume crops in rotation with properly fertilized ma jor crops. The mere growing of legumes does not assure added fertility unless these crops are handled properly. If the legumes are removed from the field, leaving on the land only the stubble and roots, their use in this manner alone will prove a delu sion so far as being an effective means of increasing the producing power of the soil in a permanent way is concerned. Effective methods of increasing the fertility of soils must be those that will leave the soil at the end of each year fairly well supplied with thoroughly decomposed organic mat ter and an increasing amount of readily available plant foods. This will be the effect which the proper growth and handling of legumes will have on the land. Anyone at all familiar with the simple principles of soil manage ment knows that fertility cannot be maintained when the crops removed take off the land more plant foods than are returned to it. That’s why it’s so important to turn under some of the legumes. The best time to apply ground limestone is from three months to one year before seeding legumes. This gives the stone sufficient time to contact acid in the soil particles and counteract it. The application of lime to culti vated land should be made after plowing, and the material should be mixed with the topsoil. Little bene fit may be expected if lime is plowed under before being properly mixed with the topsoil. On pastures it is only necessary to scatter the lime on top of the sod; however, better results will be obtained if it can be worked in by light harrowing. Good Laying Hens Do Not Die Young The hen that lays the golden egg, and lays it regularly, can live as long as her less produc tive sister, according to a five- year study made at the Penn sylvania State college by Dr. Dean R. Marble, associate pro fessor of poultry husbandry. “Many poultrymen believe that the high mortality of laying hens is due to breeding for standards of egg production which are so high that the bird’s physique is weakened,” Dr. Marble stated. “However, during a five-year pe riod we cut the mortality of se lected poultry in half and proved that we can breed longer-lived poultry without any loss in egg production, egg size, or body weight. Selecting and breeding for all these characteristics is practical.” During the past decade mor tality has been increasing. Dr. Marble claims. He believes that careful breeding could help to solve the problem. Sheet Erosion Destroys Fertility of Farm Land That crop yields decrease as soil erosion increases is shown by tests made on farms last summer by the Soil Conservation service. In tests made on five farms, it was found that fields with less than 25 per cent of the topsoil gone pro duced 51 bushels of oats or 47 bush els of barley per acre; fields with 25 to 50 per cent of the topsoil washed away yielded 42 bushels of oats or 28 bushels of barley per acre; fields with 50 to 75 per cent of the topsoil gone produced 35 bushels of oats or 23 bushels of barley, and land with more than 75 per cent of the topsoil washed away yielded only 23 bushels of oats and 17 bushels of barley. “There is an evident relation shown here between topsoil losses and crop losses,” says M. A. Thor- finnson, soil conservationist. “Sheet erosion removes the top, or most productive layer of the soil. With each inch that washes away, there is left a material that is not only less productive, but that is more subje9t to erosion.” New Worm Treatment Phenothiazine, a new and power ful drug which is now being used experimentally for treating sheep and goats for worms, has been giv ing splendid results on flocks around Columbia. Flocks that have been treated twice have been doing splen didly. It takes about five days after treatment to clean the animals of worms, and all worms are killed, ex cept possibly some tapeworms. Even the nodule worms are killed. V'OUNG as a giggle, gay as a * football tea when the home team wins, this shorty coat and full skirt form a very important chapter in the school life of ev ery junior who knows her fash ions—and her public. And every junior who knows how to thr,ead a needle can have two or three ver sions, inexpensively and easily, by AROUND THE HOUSE Always add a little melted but ter to uncooked frosting. It im proves the flavor and also pre vents cracking. * * * The color and flavor of roast beef gravy is improved when a tablespoon of brown or white sugar is added to it. * * * A small quantity of leftover pie crust may be rolled thin, cut into squares, sprinkled with sugar and cinnamon and baked until crisp. These are very good served with lemon sauce for dessert. * * • If the juice from an apple pie runs out into the oven, shake salt on it. It will bum crisp on the bottom of the oven and may easily be removed. * * » Cookies and cajtes in which honey is used need about two weeks for ripening. They improve with age, provided, of course, they are stored in covered jars in a cool place. Regular fruit jars with rubber rings make good contain ers. making this new design (No. 8772) for herself. And she couldn’t choose a smart er style! The casual coat has an inverted pleat in the back, and is trimmed with saddle-stitching.; The collar turns back in becoming, pointed revers. Gathered onto a wide belt, the skirt is delightfully full. Corduroy, flannel, wool crepe and thin tweed are smart for this. [ * T * Pattern No. 8772 Is designed for sizes 11, 13, 15, 17 and 19. Size 13 requires life yards of 54-inch material without nap for short-sleeved jacket; 1% yards for long- sleeved; 2% yards for bias skirt; yards for straight. Send order to; SEWING CIRCLE PATTERN DEPT. Room 1324 211 W. Wacker Dr. Chicago Enclose 15 cents in coins for Pattern No Size Name Address First Postmark Great Britain, it is said, can claim the honor of having origi nated the postmark. The first one, which was used in London as long ago as 1660, was a very simple affair, consisting of a small cir cle divided into two parts. In the top portion were two letters in dicating the month, while in the lower half the day of the month was shown. No endeavor was made to denote the year, and it is only by the dates of the letters on which the mark is impressed that it is possible to fix the date of its use* 1 . The earliest known was on a letter written in 1680. £$$0 REPORTER NEWS mmammmmm A.M. Noon P.M. P.M. WCSC D 7:55 12:00 6:30 11:00 S 1:00 6:00 WIS D 7:30 1:15 6:30 11:00 511:00 6:30 WFBC D 8:00 12:30 6:30 11:00 S , IKK) 6:30 WWNCD 7:45 12:15 6:00 11:00 S 1:30 6KX) WPTF D 7:5* 12:30 6:30 11:00 S 12:30 6:45 ♦WDODD 7:45 12:25 6:15 10:30 S 12:30 6:30 ♦WNOXD 7:00 12:00 5:15 10:30 S 12:30 9:00 WBT D 7:55 12:30 5:10 10:30 510:45 1:55 •Central Standard Time D-Dody SSumday Cipher-Key How much lies in laughter; the cipher-key, wherewith we de cipher the whole man.—Carlyle. WHITE PETROLEUM JELLY Mark of Guilt The thief at every sound doth jump, and sees an officer in ev ery stump. SE FINE SWEDISH CHROME STEEL BLMES f ■"KIT ** rULLY OUARANTUD r* Frank Mirror Your looking glass will tell you what none of your friends will. This exquisite Spray Pin accents your charm and loveliness at a saving unmatched elsewhere For only 35 cents and two labels from deli cious Van Camp’s Products you can own this beautiful 24-carat gold-finish Spray Pin, set with three bril liant-cut red stones; contrast ing leaves finished in green gold. Just tear out and mail this order blank, today, with 35 cents and two labels from Van Camp’s Products. Van QmpSPORKondBEANS TEAR OUT AND MAIL THIS ORDER BLANK, TODAY Van Camp’s Inc Dept.W, Box No. 144, New York, N. Y. f am endoiing 35 cants and two lobe It from tMkioot Van Cacnp’i Products. Pleat* tend me the exquisite Spray Pin ot illustrated. NAME. •••••: AW* TWO JpMi iiiiilip tAsa-s : • • ADDRESS. CITY- .STATE. Where You See This Emblem Your Savings Are Safe ATLANTA FEDERAL SAVINGS & LOAN ASSOCIATION t* MARIETTA ST. BUILDING — ATLANTA. GA. Organized 1928 GEORGIA’S LARGEST FEDERAL ASSETS OVER $3,200,000 Reserves and Undivided Profits Over 5260,008 SAVINGS—INVESTMENTS LEGAL FOR TRUST FUNDS Latest semi-an nual dividend at rate of Per Annum Start a Savings or Investment Account With Us—Accounts by Mail Solicited Ask for Financial Statement and Booklet Walter McElreath, Pres. W. L. Blackett, V. Pres. R. W. Davis, V. P.-Treas. W. O. DnVaU, Secjr.-Atty.