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; McCORMICK MESSENGER, McCORMICK, S. THURSDAY, OCTOBER 20, 1938 2,000,000 Now "Fly Through the Air With the Greatest of II &«cent Celebration of National Air Travel Week Dramatized the Amazing Development of Airplane Transportation of Passengers, Mail and Express During the 10 Years Since a Famous Author Paid $400 for a 33-Hour Flight from Los Angeles to New York. • Western Newspaper Union. By ELMO SCOTT WATSON S EVERAL thousand Amer icans recently enjoyed, for-the first time, the realization of an ancient dream of mankind. They “flew through the air with the greatest of ease”—not on the flying trapeze, nor yet on Aladdin’s magic carpet, but in swift, multi-engined air planes that are the ultimate in comfort and safety. This “mass flight” of at least 50,000 people was a part of the observance of National Air Travel Week, sponsored by the aviation industry of the country, including the 21 domestic air transport lines and Pan-American, to cele brate the tenth year jubilee of air transportation and call to the attention of the nation the spectacular growth of a service which has risen in 10 ye^rs from an extremely small industry, chiefly de pendent on air mail, to one which now carries more than 2,000,000 passengers every year plus millions of pounds of air mail and express. ' To anyone who knows anything about the history of aviation in this country, the question imme diately arises, “Why call it the tenth anniversary of air transpor tation? If I remember rightly, they were flying the mail 20 years ago, in 1918, and the first trans continental service was begun in 1924 and within two years passen gers were being carried. Why didn't we celebrate this tenth an niversary two years ago, in 'J- 1936?” The answer is this: - It’s true that passengers were being carried by airplane in 1926 but in that year air transport was still an experiment. The air lines then in existence were using small single-engined planes and they definitely did not encourage passenger traffic. These lines ex isted mainly to transport the mail and when they did take passen gers, these passengers rode on the mail sacks or crouched down in small, cramped cockpits. The pilots of these ships weren’t any too happy to have a passenger along and be made to feel the extra, responsibility for his safety. “Lindy” Points the Way. Then came the year 192f. “Lucky Lindy,” otherwise Charles A. Lindbergh, a former air mail pilot, made the flight across the Atlantic and the whole world “flung his name against the stars.” The impetus given to avi-, ation was immediate. By the end of that year air transporta tion was emerging from the ex perimental stage. One factor which hastened it was the devel opment of the larger multi-en gined flight equipment. These * powerful motors meant a larger margin of safety in carrying |ras- * sengers. v Then came another historic event, but one not so widely known, although it was widely re called during the recent celebra tion of National Air Travel Week. John Monk Saunders, a well- known American author, paid $400 for a one-way ticket be tween Los Angeles and New York and became the first pay passen- - ger aboard the first regular scheduled flight in a multi-engined transport plane. That marked the real beginning of modern passen ger air transport. ( As a matter of fact, Saunders was only one of 47,840 Americans who traveled by air that year. But not all of these were flown in multi-engined ships. Most of the small operators were still fly ing small single-engined ships since the only foundation needed for starting an airline in those days was to have a few pilots, a plane or two and a place to fly to. In 1928 the air lines had a total of 325 single and multi-engined transports in service and flew a total of 10,673,450 miles. In 1938, just 10 years later, the air lines have about 386 transports (all multi-engined) and during 1937 flew the astonishing total of 76,- 996,163 miles, carrying 1,267,580 passengers. In fact, one of the most amazing of all of air trans port’s accomplishments has been its steady expansion during a decade that has been marked by the contraction and retrenchment of other lines of industry.. / Pioneer Passengers. / But it is in the “human ele ment,” the how-does-this-affect- you-and-me side of the business, that the most interesting example t of progress is noted. The first coast-to-coast travelers were true llllltll M 3 " v : « -> • ■ KB >• ppjl ipp ™ m ptei mm mm XlS?) The remarkable advance in air transportation is visualized by the pictures of the various types of airplanes that have been flown in coast- to-coast service since 1928. The first coast-to-coast mail-passenger serv ice requiring 33 hours, was flown with a single-engined 90-mile-an-hout biplane shown at the top. Next came the tri-motored plane with a cruising speed of 105 miles an hour. In 1933 air transportation was revolutionized with the introduction of the world’s first “three-mile-a-minute” twin- engined, all-metal, low-wing monoplane. The bottom picture shows the latest refinement of the twin-engined type with a top speed of 212 miles an hour. adventurers. They paid $400 for a transcontinental ticket, sat up right in a small metal chair with little upholstery; their plane landed every few hundred miles for fuel; little food, if any, was served; and the coast-to-coast journey took 33 hours. In 1938, at the beginning of the second* decade the flight between New York and Los Angeles or San Francisco has been reduced to an overnight journey in a large, comfortable berth aboard a sound-proofed transport. The coast-to-coast air fare has been reduced to less than $150. The passenger enjoys a hot full-course meal that is served without any extra cost. The business man journeying from his New York office to the Pacific coast does not lose a single business hour in spanning the continent. Fares Cut in Half. In a decade air fares in the United States have been reduced from an average of 12 cents a mile to 5% cents, while speed has been more than doubled and com forts not even thought of in those days have made air travel a lux ury form of transportation. Si- XW-'-XvX-X. ■‘vj Col. Charles A. Lindbergh when he was an air-mail pilot and flew the first mail plane on the St. Louis-Chicago line in 1926. multaneously, with decrease in fare, faster schedules and great er comfort, the industry has written a record of safe, dependa ble operation in view of the tre mendous increase in flying, which is a standard for the world. With the inception of this vast air line system the number of seats available for passenger con sumption have increased from 600 in 1928 to 3,600 in 1938. In 1938 a total of 447,716,419 seat miles were flown by the nation’s air lines. Ten years ago an av erage of 131 passengers per day rode on air line planes. Today sees 3,200 persons board United States airline ships daily. Safer Than Automobiles. Safety has, of course increased tremendously in recent years, the best example being that in 1928, the air lines flew only 945,476 miles per fatal accident as com pared with 13,214,301 miles per fatal accident in 1937. Safety has reached the point that on a mile age travel basis, a person is safer on a modern transport plane than he is driving his own automobile between the same cit ies today. The aix line plane of 1928 had an average speed of 90 miles an hour. This was an exceptionally swift pace, but not the zenith by any means. Manufacturers set to work to build faster equip ment. By 1933 some of the air lines were operating planes with cruising speeds of three miles a minute. At the turn of the first decade the average air line plane cruises at 200 miles an hour. Little or nothing was known about the supercharging of en gines in 1928—for that reason air line planes flew low, between one and two thousand feet. A flight above 4,000 feet was really high flying. Rough air was usually the rule at these low altitudes and approximately 10 per cent of the air travelers were troubled by air sickness. Little or nothing 'was known about the scientific ventilation of airplane cabins and it was not uncommon for a cabin to be filled ttith motor fumes. Heating of cabins was accom plished directly from engine ex hausts. The ships of 1928 car ried a Iftnited amount of fuel and had to land every few hundred miles for gas. The modern plane today has a^ cruising range of 1,000 to 1,500 miles flying at 10,000 feet, where smooth air prevails. The roar ing, booming noise of . the throb bing motors of 1928 has been eliminated by soundproofing and the cabins are ventilated by the constant flow of fresh, filtered air. Steamheating is automatically controlled and the cabin of the modern transport has the atmos- plltere of a well-appointed living room. Long-range flying came in vogue a few years ago and today some of the domestic routes are operating non-stop flights of 900 miles. But even this is not the epitome. The Douglas planes of today have bona fide cruising ranges of 1,500 miles and test flights of nearly 2,000 miles with out even stopping for fuel have been made. In air transport, as m any oth er, the safety of the passengers depends ultimately, of course, upon the men operating it. The physical fitness, mental alertness and practiced skill of the man behind the wheel in an automo bile, in the pilot house of a ship or in the cab of a locomotive determines pretty much whether or not you’ll reach your desti nation safely if you travel by land or water. The same thing is true if you travel by air. But if you have an idea that you are entrusting your life to a “knight of the air,” a dashing, devil-may-care fellow, given to doing spectacular stunts and tak ing chances—forget it! That may have been true in the post-war period of aviation but it isn’t true now. The average pilot of 1928 was a man who, if he had 2,000 hours of experience, was regarded as a veteran airman. He knew little about night flying and had no faith in theories that some day air planes could be controlled entire ly by instruments in his cockpit. The average pilot in command of a big 12-ton airliner today is a highly professional man who has journeyed a million miles or more in the sky aboard transport planes. He is a technical man, too, understanding that he has been provided with an airplane in perfect condition, every proven aid to the science of air naviga tion, and with corps, of ground workers who are studying weath er reports, communicating with him by radio and generally di recting the orderly procedure of his flight with marked efficiency. Frequent Examinations. Today’s pilot is a perfect physi cal specimen. He undergoes a thorough physical examination on an average of every three months. He leads a normal, re tiring life when he’s not putting in his maximum of 85 hours in the air each month. The av erage air line captain has his own home and flower garden, plays a good game of golf, is a camera enthusiast and spends as much time as possible with his wife and children. He is a solid citizen in his community and is a great student, always seeking to improve and strengthen his knowledge of air line flying. Often you can find him at his terminal flying a training device that sim ulates every conceivable flight characteristic of an airplane, even to the guidance of airplanes by directive radio beams. The cockpit of an air liner has • grown to a scientific office where the pilot has been provided with proper tools to accomplish his work. The cockpit of 1928 boast ed of sparse instruments and a few controls. Today’s air line has an' automatic “robot” pilot, for example, that is capable of guiding the airplane in the same precise manner that the human pilot does. Hence, the human pi lot can turn over command of the plane to the “robot” pilot at any Pilot W. L. Smith ready to start on the first flight of the trans continental air mail service in augurated July 1, 1924. time. All instruments are in du plicate and the pilot can guide his airplane by looking at his in struments. Motors have reached such a high degree of perfection that emergency landings because of motor difficulties are virtually unknown. Today’s transports are capable of taking off and flying with only one engine operating. New type propellers have been perfected' that greatly reduce mo tor noise. Weather has long been an ac knowledged factor in air trans-' portation and was an early handi cap to schedule efficiency. The system of weather reporting in 1928 was far from satisfactory and pilots were not provided with two-way radio communication so that, like today, they could re ceive up-to-the-minute weather trends. Because nothing was known about instrument flying, schedule after schedule had to be cancelled. Weather is today still a factor in schedule efficiency, but not the great problem it was 10 years ago because much has been learned about the science of me teorology as applied to aviation. The airlines still have complete safety as its goal and when weath er conditions of extreme propor tions arise, flights are cancelled. How You Can Look Slimmer IF YOU take a woman’s size, * you’ll certainly enjoy having both of these smart, new, slender izing styles. They’re extremely becoming, and made up in mate rials and colors of your own choos ing, they will be the joy of your life, one for house work, and the other for afternoon and dinner en gagements. Both of these dresses are so very simple to make that you’ll thoroughly enjoy doing it. Each pattern includes a detailed sew chart for the guidance of be ginners. The House Dress. * Notice how very practical and comfortable this dress is, with ev ery detail you want for working freedom and slim lines. Darts make the waistline slim and neat, but not tight. The armholes are ample, the sleeves very short, and slashed for greater freedom. The skirt has sufficient, unhampering fullness at the hem. It’s a dia gram design, that you can finish in a few hours. For this, choose percale, calico, or gingham. The Afternoon Dress. Just wait to see how nice and slim your hips look, in this clev erly designed dress, with just a little fullness above the waist to emphasize the slick, smooth cut below. This design gives you the fashionable bodice detailing, in soft, lengthening jabot drapes that Uncle PkilQ l?au5: Too Few Map Out If a young man maps out a ca reer he generally achieves it. An ounce of persuasion is better than a pound of compulsion. A man with a reputation of be ing brilliant is almost sure to overdo it. Because He Fails to Marry From a bachelor’s viewpoint marriage is a failure. Nothing is done exactly right. Why fret? Gossip is a deadly gas that is often fatal to friendship.. Leaders That Follow Fashion leaders are so called be cause they follow the fashion. Contentment has one advantage over wealth; people don’t try to borrow it from you. We should strive to forgive and forget, but it always seems so much easier to forget our friends than our enemies. have a dressy, but not a fussy, look. Bishop sleeves are another new and very becoming style, most flattering to large women. This dress will be lovely in velvet, crepe satin, thin wool or silk crepe. The Patterns. 1559 is designed for sizes 34, 36, 38, 40, 42, 44, 46 and 48. Size 36 requires 4% yards of 35 inch ma terial. 2% yards of ricrac braid. 1613 is designed for sizes 36, 38, 40, 42, 44, 46, 48, 50 and 52. With long sleeves, size 38 requires 5 yards of 39 inch material; with short sleeves, 4% yards. Collar and jabot in contrast would take % yard. Fall and* Winter Fashion Book. The new 32-page Fall and Win ter Pattern Book which shows photographs of the dresses being worn is now out. (One pattern and the Fall and Winter Pattern Book —25 cents.) You can order the book separately for 15 cents. Send your order to T^e Sewing Circle Pattern Dept., Room 1020, 211 W. Wacker Dr., Chicago, 111. Price of patterns, 15 cents (in coins) each. © Bell Syndicate.—WNU Service. THE CHEERFUL CHERUB Cplor me-hTiS ^ lot to me. Now ^mberi sympathetic Uhile. red &nd broun just c^st me down. You see Im so aesthetic. fnx m . WNU Service. A Three Days’ Cough Is Your Danger Sij No matter how many met you have tried for your common cough, chest cold, or bronchial irri tation, you may get relief now with Creomulsion. Serious trouble may be brewing and you cannot afford and aids nature to soothe and heal the inflamed mucous membranes and to loosen and expel germ- laden phlpgm Even if other remedies have failed, don’t be discouraged, try Creomul sion. Your druggist is authorized to refund your money if you are not thoroughly satisfied with the bene fits obtained. Creomulsion is one word, ask for it plainly, see that the name on the bottle is Creomulsion, and you’ll get the genuine product and the relief you want. (AdvJ When Needed Most A friend is one who walks in when the rest of the world walks out.—Anon. Can’t Eat, Can’t Sleep, Awful Gas PRESSES HEART "Om on ay atomach vaa bo bad Z eoold not eat or alaap. It ovan sreaaad an my heart. 4 friend a Defeated Adlerlka. The first dose bronfht me relief. Nov X oat aa 1 wish, sleep fine, and never felt better.’’— Mrs. Jas. filler. Adlerika aote on BOTH upper and lower bowels. Adlerika gives your intestinal system a real cleansing, bringing out waste matter that may have caused GAS BLOATING, eour stomach, headaches, nervousness, and sleepless nights for months. You will be amased at this efficient intestinal cleanser. Just one spoonful usually relieves GAS and constipation. Adlerika does not (ripe, is not habit forming. Recommended by many doctors and druggists for 85 years. I Sold at «U drag stores Every Family Needs This BOOKLET on TOOTH CARE Your Health Tomorrow May Depend on the Care of Your Teeth Today BUILDING AND MAINTAINING HEALTHY TEETH •i? From Infancy to Old Ago O Address C. Houston Gaudies, 210 So. Desplaines St., Chicago, 111,, for your copy of this valu able booklet. A post card Is suf ficient to carry your reguest, but be sure to write your full name and address distinctly. WIVES! Mothers 1 Husbands! ■■Every member of your family will benefit if you send for the comprehensive book let, ” Building and Maintaining Healthy Teeth—From Infancy to Old Age,” offered free by C. Houston Goudiss. It names the food substances, and the sources from which they may be obtained, required to help build and keep teeth sound and healthy. It explains the proper technique of correct dented hygiene and lists a number of important rules for dental health.