McCormick messenger. (McCormick, S.C.) 1902-current, January 14, 1937, Image 3
McCORMICK MESSENGER. McCORMICK, S. C.. THURSDAY, JANUARY 14, 1937
SEE NEW PEACE FOR AMERICAS
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iFirs* Inter-American Neutrality Pact Signed at Buenos Aires; Value
of Peace Propaganda and Women’s Work Emphasized.
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according to Cordell Hull, secretary
of state of the United States and
this country’s guiding spirit at the
meeting, were ironed out entirely
to his satisfaction and without jeop
ardizing the effectiveness of the con
vention. The pact provides that the
League members shall maintain
their full rights and obligations un
der the Covenant of the League.
Further, they shall not be required
to give the Inter-American neutral
ity program precedence over pos
sible application of sanctions im
posed by the League of Nations. •
The conference’s standing com-
By WILLIAM C. UTLEY
HE Inter-American Conference for the Maintenance of
Peace met in Buenos Aires last month for expressed pur
pose of laying the foundations of a permanent peace on the
two American continents. From the reports of the agree
ments consummated in the closing sessions of the smooth-work
ing conference it appears that these foundations have been laid.
The conference cannot be looked upon in any light other
than that of a complete success for President Roosevelt, for its
outcome has revealed the attainment of the purpose for which
he suggested it be held.
These are the cornerstones which
it has set in place for the banish
ment of war from the Western Hem
isphere—a convention of collective
security; a protocol banning in
tervention an unfriendly act that
would bond together all of the Amer
ican republics in common defense
against a country guilty of inter
vention; a convention requiring
common and joint neutral attitude
on the part of all the American
countries in the event of hostilities
between any two of them, and a
declaration of solidarity.
This latter declaration will have
the effect of a pronouncement by
the nations of this hemisphere that
an act tending to affect the peace of
any of them will affect all, and set
in motion consultations provided for
in the collective security conven
tion. The word “convention” as it
has been used in reporting the ac
tivities of the conference assumes
the meaning given it in internation
al law—that of a treaty or agree
ment establishing practices for a
group of several signatory nations
under specific conditions, such as
war
Pact Unanimously Adopted.
It was the first time in history
that the American nations had ever
agreed on a treaty which would end
war or combat the threat of war
by linking the nations of this hemis
phere in a joint neutrality program.
It was adopted unanimously! a fact
which is indeed indicative of u»e har
mony prevalent throughout the en
tire conference.
In addition to the four corner
stones, the conference produced at
least two other suggested features
which are destined to play an im
portant part in the determined ef
fort to maintain peace. These two
things are an inter-American peace
propaganda program of heroic pro
portions via the radio and moving
-pictures, and a general movement
to afford women full rights of citi
zenship in the nations which sent
delegations.
Other resolutions dealt mainly
with standardization and exchange
in education and art with a view
to strengthening through spiritual
and intellectual channels the ties
which bind the American nations.
The neutrality convention
emerged as a distinct tribute to the
statesmanship of the United States
delegation. The draft from the com
mittee in charge was actually pre
sented to the assembly as a joint
resolution by the 23 signatory na
tions and not just as a United States
project. It had been the most dif-
ficult of all the conventions to jam
through committee.
The emergent pact was described
fa “a convention to co-ordinate, ex-
A resolution introduced by the
Uruguayan delegation, condemning
the use of poison gas, liquid fire and
bacteria in warfare.
A recommendation by the United
States that tariff barriers be low
ered to give all American nations
equal trade opportunities.
A proposal that non-members of
the League of Nations, which signed
the 1933 anti-war pact prepared by
Argentine Foreign Minister Carlos
Saavedra Lamas, and the Kellogg-
Briand peace pact, co-operate with
the League in efforts to prevent and
end wars.
A recommendation that all Pan-
American countries put in practice
the inter-American tourist passport
suggested in 1935, and establish
commercial boards of arbitration.
Plan Radio “Salesmanship.”
The growing importance of prop
aganda designed to promote inter
national friendships and thus cure
the curse of war at its roots was
well recognized by the conference.
For one thing, it was suggested that
all the nations of the Americas pool
together in the presentation of a
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Radio
★
★
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Claudette
Colbert
President Roosevelt and President Justo of Argentine, seen on their
way to attend peace conference at Buenos Aires.
mittee on the organization of peace,
headed by Felix Nieto del Rio of
Chile, submitted a resolution —
which was passed—that the forma
tion of an American League of Na
tions be discussed in 1938 in the
eighth Pan-American Conference at
Lima, Peru.
It must not be imagined that the
neutrality conventions are hide
bound agreements They are too
flexible and bear too many reserva
tions for that. Rather, they are an
initial move toward a co-ordinated
Pan-American program which guar
antees at least immediate consul
tation with a view to promotion of
peace, probably followed by com
bined action, in the case of hostili
ties.
Reservations Limit Effectiveness.
A reservation insisted upon by Ar
gentina makes the effectiveness of
any embargoes which might be de-
The magnificent Plaza Congreso at Buenos Aires, where the Inter-
American Conference for the Maintenance of Peace was held.
tend and assure the fulfillment of
existing treaties between the Amer
ican states.”
United States Satisfied.
The American republics agree
that, in case of hostilities or the
threat of hostilities “between two or
more of them, they shall, through
consultation, immediately endeavor
to adopt in their character as neu
trals a common and solidary atti
tude in order to discourage and pre
vent the spread or prolongation of
hostilities.”
Most of the difficulty in getting
the convention through committee
was caused by the problem of mak
ing it fit Latin-American countries
which were already members of the
League of Nations. The wrinkles,
dared under the conventions doubt
ful. This reservation makes two
conditions: first, that in no case shall
foodstuffs and raw materials des
tined for the civilian populations of
belligerent countries be considered
as war contraband; and, second,
that in the event of an arms em
bargo, each nation may reserve its
attitude in case of a war of ag
gression. Minor reservations were
also insisted upon by Paraguay, El
Salvador and Colombia.
Other resolutions bearing upon
the event of war which were passed
by the conference in plenary, or
complete, session included:
Chile’s recommendation that na
tions arrange bilateral arms limita
tion agreements.
sort of Pan-American radio hour,
to further the cause of peace.' This
program would promote inter-
American appreciation of art, liter
ature and the tourist attractions of
the co-operating nations.
Here may possibly be seen the
influence of the success of President
Roosevelt’s “fireside chats.” It was
suggested that the outlets be the
most powerful broadcasting stations
in each of the countries. Impor
tant actions by countries party to
the agreement would be announced
and patriotic holidays celebrated,
but no political comments or reports
would be allowed.
In nations where the government’s
influence over radio broa casting is
not too greatly curbed by law, it
is suggested that programs which
might stir up enmity between na
tions or might disturb peaceful re
lations be banned.
Another resolution involved agree
ment of the nations to teach in all
grades of all schools the principles
of the renunciation of war and the
settlement of international disputes
by arbitration. Arrangements were
also made for the annual in
terchange of students and profes
sors, and for interchange of books
and publications through national or
official libraries.
The growing importance of mov
ing pictures as media of peace prop
aganda was likewise recognized.
Governments were advised to
clamp down on the showing of films
which glorified “wars of aggres
sion” or which represented inci
dents likely to excite the animosity
of other nations. By the same token
it was suggested that educational
films promoting the friendly inter
est of one country in another, espe
cially by stimulating tourist trade,
be allowed freedom of taxes or
duties.
See Victory for Women.
The tremendous effect of women’s
work on behalf of peace was mate
rially acknowledged by a resolution
recognizing their efficacy in society
and the effect they will have upon
the morale of future generations.
The resolution said that the time
had arrived to enhance their work
by granting women of all the Amer-
icall countries citizenship. Miss
Doris Stevens, principal champion
of the women’s cause, who had con
ducted much of her campaign from
a sickbed, saw in this resolution a
complete victory; she interprets it
to be an official recommendation
that women be given the voting
franchise in all the American coun
tries, as they have been in the
United States.
The tremendous ovations accord
ed President Roosevelt wherever
he visited in South America were
evidence of the belief that his “good
neighbor” policy had made the
thing possible. Tulio M. Cestero,
the Dominican delegate, was round
ly applauded when he told the con
ference he hoped the policy “would
be a permanent policy of all future
United States administrations.”
© Western Newspaper Union.
Walt Disney
Lots of Variety in
Crocheted Edgings
***By VIRGINIA VALE***
O F COURSE you’ve seen Sid
Silvers, and laughed at
him, in many a movie; now
you’re going to hear him on the
air with A1 Jolson, whom you’ve
also seen in pictures, but not
recently.
Silvers is something new under
the sun. He writes the very funny
lines he speaks; that is, he makes
them up, but he doesn’t put tl\3m
down on paper. He just says them.
Somebody else takes them down.
And if he gets a very funny idea
during the final filming of a scene,
in it goes and the scene is done over
again.. But what havoc that will cre
ate if he forgets himself and does it
on the air, since radio scripts have
to be written and re-written,
and then approved.
—*—
Now it’s Claudette Colbert and her
husband who are going to adopt
a baby from that
famous orphanage
in Chicago. Irene
Dunne and her hus
band were the latest
couple to do it—and
Irene, worse luck,
had such a bad cold
during the first few
days of the little
girl’s presence in her
new home that sho
couldn’t go near the
infant. Meanwhile
Claudette has been
given the lead in the
screen version of “Tovarich,” the
successful stage play; she should
be grand in it.
Claire Luce, who was Fred
Astaire’s first dancing partner after
his sister deserted him for matri
mony, is in Hollywood, with yearn
ings to become a motion picture
actress. On the stage she got along
beautifully with the nimble Fred,
but she’s not making tests for RKO,
so apparently she isn’t being con
sidered for his partner on the
screen. Practically everyone else
has been, apparently!
The blonde Miss Luce has a life
time on the stage behind her—that
is, she has her lifetime, as she
started at the age of four. She was
one of the six or eight chorus girls
in the musical show in which Mir
iam Hopkins and various other cel
ebrities were also chorus girls—and
what tales they all tell about each
other in private!
—-K—
It looks as if James Cagney would
break out again—not in a fight with
a motion picture company this time,
but iu a new venture. He is talking
of reviving the theater in small
towns, so you may see him in per
son before long.
It is said that Robert Montgomery
and Pat O’Brien may appear with
him, as well as his brother Bill.
Meanwhile his first picture for
Grand National, is completed at last.
—*—
How do you like the idea of a
picture with Robert Taylor, Spencer
Tracy and James Stewart in it? The
picture will be “Three Comrades,”
and the author is the man who
wrote “Journey’s End,” so the story
ought to be good. Once upon a time
studio executives would have
screamed at the idea of putting
three such players in one picture,
but nowadays the big companies
plan to give us as much for our
money as they can.
—*—
Have you been missing “Minnie
Mouse” from the screen? If you
have, don’t worry—
she’ll return. You
see, her voice—that
is, the young woman
who plays “Minnie’s
voice — got married
and went off on a
honeymoon.
Being the voice for
one of Walt Disney’s
popular characters
is a pretty good job
—and it means a
contract for the
actual owner of the
voice, too, because
the public is so familiar with the
sounds that Mickey and his co-play
ers make.
Maybe some day we’ll see that
Disney feature-length picture that
has been talked about for so long,
“Snow White and the Seven
Dwarfs.”
—*—
ODDS AND ENDS . • . Ever since
he finished “The Gay Desperado'* Nino
Martini has been traveling around, giv
ing concerts, and flying east each
Wednesday for his broadcast—jo im
agine how thankful he is that the opera
season has started in New York, keep
ing him home for the winter . , . D. I*.
Schulberg, the movie producer, finally
admitted that he and Sylvia Sidney will
probably marry when his marital affairs
are straightened out ... He and Mrs.
Schulberg have been living apart fo:
some time . . . Richard Dix is takin
out a patent for a thornless rose tchic
he has developed at his ranch . . . Rol
ert Young will appear with Claudett
Colbert in “She Met Him in Faris,
which may console him for losing on
on Love on the Run,” the Crawford
Gable-Tone picture . . . Now they say it
is Gladys George who will play the roU
of the mother in “Stella Dellas.”
® Western Newspaper Union.
Pattern 1300
Wonderfully dainty edgings, the
laciest of borders, can roll off
your crochet hook if you have pat
tern 1300. You can crochet an in
expensive bit of dress-up for coL
lar and cuff set, lingerie, hankies,
towels, sheets, cases and napkins.
The top edging simulates tatting
but is easier and quicker to do.
Even a beginner will find this pat
tern simple to follow. Pattern 1300
contains detailed directions for
making the edgings shown; illus
trations of them and of all stitches
used; material requirements.
Send 15 cents in stamps or coins
(coins preferred) for this pattern
to The Sewing Circle, Needlecraft
Dept., 82 Eighth Ave., New York,
N. Y. ,
Write plainly pattern number,
your name and address.
The Road of Truth
There may exist different con
ceptions of beauty; everyone has
his own personal opinion, but
there can be no question about
the truth of the feeling of beauty.
That is real and palpable. There
can be no two truths, and from
this I recognized that there is only
one road that leads to the attain
ment of beauty. That road is
Truth. — Feodor Chaliapin, in
“Man and Mask.”
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“Chivalry” may become obso
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Fruit of Patience
Patience is bitter, but its fruit is
sweet.—Rousseau.
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