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r>r 1 '• \ i 1 [ICK MESSENGER, McCORMICK, S. C., THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 10, 1936 BRISBANE THIS WEEK War Financing France Pays Piper Lottery Millions Ability to Endure One hundred and fifty-three lead ing British economists, mapping out a new plan to preserve peace, say “the impor tance of Ameri can co-operation in the work of peace- making cannot be over estimated.” It is to be hoped that the part that Ameri ca will play in future European affairs, such as w i. r financing, may be very eas ily overestimated. If those gentlemen cannot abstain from cutting each other’s throats without the assistance and money of the United States, why, then let them cut each other’s throats. Arthur Brisbane France is learning that the peo ple always pay the piper, whoever the piper may be—a great conquer or leading them to war, or a clever politician loading them with taxes. In France, sugar hag gone up in price; bread and veal have both gone up; two sous a kilogram for bread, two sous a pound, for veal, and the government is held directly responsible by the housewife as re gards the bread, for the French gov ernment fixes the price of bread as ours fixes the price of postage stamps. Trailing behind England and the United States the French, with less than 20 per ceht of American unem ployment, are discussing great pub lic works to absorb the idle. Billions are spoken of, but the “millard,” French word for “bil lion,” means only one billion four- cent pieces, the franc having been reduced by government fiat to that price. If a billion meant here 25,- 000 francs, equivalent to the Ameri can billion when the dollar was good, the French might well faint away, although they are fundamen tally a rich people. When Bismarck laid on France an indemnity equivalent to $1,000,000,- 000, after 1870, he thought he had asked for about all France could raise after a hard war. The French government offered bonds to pay Bismarck, and the French people subscribed to the loan 14 times over. Bismarck had guessed bad ly. France is far richer now than it was then. French labor demands the 40- hour week and the government agrees; it also demands wage in creases from 12 to 17 per cent, and that makes the country a ; litUe thoughtful. With a shorter week, diminished production and higher wages, bread, sugar, veal and many other things must go up in price. Possi bly the French worker, who really works, while he is at it, will man age to produce as much in 40 hours as he has done hitherto in 48 or more; even then incredsed wages will be added to the price of living and even the worker, who must pay, will growl. How long will America continue pouring thousands of millions of dol lars into gambling, ’ lottery sweep- stakes and other foreign - enter prises? ... ... It is interesting to .reqd that in the banks of Dublin there are 25 millions of dollars undistributed from the so-called “Hospitals Sweepstakes.” Hospitals did not get it—^et. It might also enlight.cn this gov-^.. ernment to know .hat under the law no mention can be made of thC‘ sweepstakes gambling in Englahd.' The English are too wise to let their money be drained off in any kind of gambling enterprise, if it is not ENGLISH. You cannot even send a telegram about sweepstakes over, the English telegraph wires, to be published in countries outside of England. All telegraphing about the sweepstakes gambling game must go aVound England, her government-owhed wire system will not handle it; ■ Under its Constitution, the United States cannot forbid newspapers to print lottery news that breed^ .more., gambling and heavier losses. 'But the government might forbid trktis- mission of such information throvgh the postoffice. That would cut down, the “graft.” I; . ... School teachers,' business heads, chambers of commerce, even cler gymen, might find a good text in Mr. Son, the young Japanese with the determined face who won the long marathon race at the recent Olympic games in Berlin. Not only could that marvelous Japanese runner go, and keep go ing, but there seemed no end to hjs endurance. Everybody can run, more o r leSs, but that by itself never wins a marathon. The race for success in life is a marathon race, and real success de pends more than anything else or your ability to KEEP GOING. A Kins F«atur«*» 8yndic*i«. WNU MatvIc*. News Review of Current Events the World Over Bullitt Is Made Ambassador to France—Hitler Stirs Stalin to Talk of War—Secretary Dern Dies in Washington. By EDWARD W. PICKARD © Western Newspaper Union. W. C. Bullitt. 'Transfer of wmiam c. Bullitt -*■ from the' embassy in Moscow to that in Paris is not surprising. He it was who was chief ly responsible for the recognition of the Soviet govern ment by the United States, and when he was rewarded with the ambassadorship it Was expected he would be able to swing a lot of Rus sian business to American concerns. Also it was hoped he could persuade his Russian friends to keep their promises not to disturb this country with com munist propaganda. In these re spects at least Mr. Bullitt has been a disappointment. But he retains the confidence of President Roose velt and will not be out of place as ambassador to the leftist French government. Some observers think Mr. Bullitt is sent to Paris for the purpose of secretly sounding out the major Eu ropean powers on the possibility of reconvening the world economic conference in 1937. Jesse Isador Straus resigned as ambassador to France on the ad vice of his physicians. The Presi dent wrote him that “if this ad ministration shall be continued for another four years, I shall count on your returning as a part of it.” R EICHSFUEHRER HITLER has injected a little more ginger into the international armament race by suddenly announcing that the term for compulsory military service for Germans was doubled— two years instead of one. As mat ters are just now in Europe, this appeared to . be aimed directly against soviet Russia, and if the London newspapers are to be be lieved, Dictator Stalin recognizes this and reacts as might be expect ed. The London Evening News and Daily Mail both assert that Stalin, in a secret radio address to the red army, said: “Comrades of the red forces: We are on the very eve of momentous events. At any moment now you may be called upon to lay down your lives for the defense of the proletarian birthland. “This is the moment you have been anticipating, and now your birthland is expecting you to do the duty you have so eagerly await ed. “Our enemies are gettini, into po sition. So be ready. The enemies are on the frontiers of our great land. Keep watch. “Everything money could buy, everything the genius of man could invent and everything the loving labor of the workers could make have been given into your hands for the defense and glory of the Soviet land.” The London papers say other So viet leaders followed Stalin with similar talks. The foreign office in Moscow flatly denied that the dictator had delivered any such ad dress as was reported. German economists, worried over the mounting costs of re-arming their country, were told the dou bling of the term of military serv ice would not be quite so expensive as it appeared, for more men in barracks means fewer on dole. However, the national debt contin ued to grow and ways of meeting payments are becoming fewer and more scanty. SECRETARY OF WAR GEORGE ^ H. DERN died in Walter Reed hospital, Washington, of heart dis ease and other complications re sulting from influenza. He had been ill since last spring but part of the time had insisted on attending to his official duties, keeping this up even from his sick bed. Mr. Dern, who was sixty-four years old, was formerly a brilliant mining engineer and was the second non-Mormon to be elected governor of Utah, serv ing two terms. A nnouncement was made by WPA officials in Washington that more than 110,000 farmers are now at work on Works Progress ad ministration projects in the drouth areas of the West and Central West. About half of the farmers on the WPA rolls are in North and South Dakota. North Dakota reported 32,762 at work on federal projects and South Dakota 22,927. Relief and agricultural authorities have esti mated that 110,000 to 120,000 farm ers will need help through the win ter in the Dakotas. P RESIDENT ROOSEVELT’S spe cial train made a quick run to Bismarck, N. D., and the special committee on the drouth, headed by Morris L. Cooke, reported to him on its inspection of the afflicted area. The President then took an automobile tour through the coun tryside to see for himself some of the effects of the long dry spell. He conferred with Acting Governor Welford and Senators Nye and Fra zier of North Dakota and Acting Governor Holt and Senators Wheel er and Murray of Montana. Next day Mr. Roosevelt’s train carried him down to Pierre, S. D., and thence into other drouth stricken states. Mr. Roosevelt’s original schedule was changed to permit him to make a quick run to Salt Lake City for the burial services of Secretary of War Dern. J OHN L. LEWIS’ Committee for Industrial Organization in one of its initial efforts to organize the steel workers seems to have suc ceeded only in leading one big plant to go out of business, throwing 750 men out of employment. Such is the result of a strike in the plant of the Standard Steel Spring com pany at Coraopolis, Pa., the strike being directed by the CIO. The em ployees who didn’t strike later re fused to work because, they said, their families had been threatened by phone with bombing if the men returned to the plant. So the com pany closed down and began remov ing the machinery. It was alleged the strikers were assured in ad vance that they would be given re lief money if the plant were closed, and that the state authorities did nothing to protect the plant or the non-strikers from violence. I7EDERAL JUDGE JOHN P. F BARNES of Chicago upheld the constitutionality of the Commodity Exchange act and denied an injunc tion to restrain its enforcement asked by members of the Chicago Mercantile exchange. Judge Barnes agreed with the contention of Spe cial Assistant Attorney General Wendell Berge that the act is “merely an extension of the pro visions of the grain futures act,” which has been held constitutional by the United States Supreme Court. Sec. Roper. FIGURES given out by the De- " partment of Commerce revealed that July merchandise exports from the United States declined to $178,- 324,000, the lowest level of the year, while imports in creased to $193,409,- 000, leaving an un favorable balance of trade of $15,085,000 for the month. It was the second suc cessive month an unfavorable balance was reported. How ever, compared with the 1935 month, ex-* ports were up 3 per cent and im ports up 9 per cent. The unfavorable balance was re garded by Secretary of Commerce Roper as convincing proof of eco nomic recovery in the United States because nearly half the increase in imports over last year in dollax volume was accounted for by lux ury items such as furs and whisky and commodities not extensively produced in this country, such as wood-pulp, paper, nickel and tin. The increase in exports over July, 1935, consisted chiefly of finished and semi-manufactured articles, in cluding machinery, electrical appa ratus, aircraft, iron and steel man ufactures and inedible vegetable products. AFTER more than five weeks of desperate fighting, neither the Spanish loyalists nor the rebels were able to claim a decided ad vantage, and it became evident that the conflict would be long drawn out if the other European nations could keep aloof. This latter even tuality was made more probable by Adolf Hitler’s announcement that the German government had ordered an embargo on arms to Spain. He thus lined his country up with Great Britain and France, and Italy had acceptea the French proposal for neutrality, though with some reservations. These “neutral” nations, how ever, do not intend to be imposed upon and both the British and'the German governments made strong protests to the Madrid government against alleged violation of the free dom of the seas. Five British war ships set sail from Gibraltar and Hitler sent seven from the Baltic to enforce the demands that inter ference with shipping cease. The crews of these vessels were ready for immediate action. The United States does not con sider the attempted blockade of reb el-held ports any more valid than do the European nations. Secre tary Hull told the Madrid foreign office: “My government directs me to inform you that, with the friend liest feelings toward the Spanish government, it cannot admit the le gality of any action on the part of the Spanish government in declar ing such ports closed unless that government declares and maintains an effective blockade of such ports.” JHNEILeOILAV^B r HI < ^ '• #<y 3 >>s ■ ■■ £££&+*: Fishermen of Helgoland. Prepared by the National Geographic Society. Washington, D. C.—WNU Service. ELGOLAND is falling down” may be sung sadly to the tune of “London Bridge” if there is truth in reports that Germany is fortifying this pinhead stronghold in the North sea. Firing great guns menaces the island more than any* enemy, for at every big shot sec tions of its vertical sandstone sides plunk into the surrounding sea. Like a triangular block of rasp berry ice on a vast blue-green plat ter, Helgoland is melting away into the North sea. The island is liter ally crumbling away around its pop ulation of 2,500 — mainly pilots, fisherfolk, or boarding-house-keep ers. Here the Helgolanders try to hold together their island, their flourishing summer resort business, and their traditions on a small bare rock upon which would fit the Fed eral Triangle buildings along Penn sylvania avenue in Washington, without too much margin. This sea-bitten morsel is the re motest of the Frisian islands, which water has gouged out from the northern coastline of Europe, and, within historic times, scrubbed down until reduced in size, or in some cases washed away altogether. Brbad submarine rocky ledges in the shoal area around Helgoland are submerged souvenirs of its for mer extent, estimated to be five times its present size, which is about one-fifth of a square mile. The island lost ground to the extent of about 250 square yards a year until 1892. Then the wave-worn western side was ringed around with a girdle of granite brought from the Danish island of Born holm. Even thus protected, it is doomed within eight centuries, say the pessimists. More generous geol ogists give it about forty to go, but go they all agree it will. After ages of erosion, what re mains of Helgoland? A slice-of-pie- shaped wedge of red sandstone streaked with layers of chalk, swept by chill salt winds and incessantly gnawed by the North sea. Its di mensions are notable for their smallness, except the height; the sides rise sheer and dripping from the water to a flat top of 200 feet above sea level. Its importance lies in its position; as Germany’s “Eye of the Empire”, it watches over the equidistant mouths of the Weser, Jade, Elbe, and Eider rivers, com manding the harbors of Hamburg, Bremen, and Cuxhaven from a van tage point 28 miles from the near est point of mainland. Shattered by the World War. Yet Helgoland, with history prac tically in its hands, had been re ported by astute observers as re luctant to make history and more concerned about making a living. Its experience during the World war proved that history is easy to make but hard 1o survive. Its scant pasture land was confiscated to build forts. Its rocky cliffs, of which there was already precious little, crumbled off and plunged seaward during artillery fire. The entire pop ulation was forced into four years of exile to make room for the mili tary in 1914. When the livin'T rem nants returned in 1918, their peace was shattered by three years of blasting down fortifications in ac cordance with the Versailles treaty, and the further trimming down of the island’s slim sides. In 1922 and in desperation, Helgoland petitioned the League of Nations for neutral ity. Scheduled for a perpetual bout with the sea, it finds any other country’s fight just one too many./ Green, Red and White Within its diminishing boundaries, it has three parts: the massive rock table of Oberland with its cornered tuft of town, the shoreline shelf projecting below like cap’s visor with a second edition of town called Unterland, and the wisp of sandy Dune in tow a mile to the east. A thin green felt of pasturage across the island’s top completes the color triad which inspired the flag: “Green the land, red the rock, white the sand: These colors make the flag of Helgoland.” Like a toy village on the corner of a table, at Oberland’s southeast point huddle blocklike houses, square and solid against the recur rent 80-mile gales. The flat skyline is broken by nothing more wind- catching than the pretentious little German postoffice of glazed brick and the spire added during Queen Victoria’s reign to the Church of St. Nicholas, already centuries old. Around the cliff’s edge stands a row of boarding houses and hotels, offering to resorters the first sniff of salt breeze before it reaches na tives on back streets. Through the town runs Kartoffalallee, or Potato Lane, bisecting the island through garden patches of potatoes and cab bage, through pasture spots where graze a few sheep and goats, past the red and white cone of the light house, to the little cafe on the north ern point where the “Fog Cow” bellows warning every two minutes when the mists swirl low. The lower town, lacking horses and vehicles of any sort, is not without its own method of rapid transit — namely, sliding down banisters. Men of Helgoland have been known to scorn the elevator operating between the clifftop and the “down-town” level of the two- story town; they mount the iron hand railing of the stairway along the cliff’s face and nonchalantly skid down to the foot of the prec ipice. Here in the shelter of the cliff, houses and shops cluster about a knot of six-foot-wide concrete streets. Sun tan is the money crop of Helgoland. This is raised chiefly at the expense of summer visitors basking on the frail half-moon of barren beach of the Dune or Sand island, apparently melting into the North sea a mile southeast of the main rock. Here has been located a tiny graveyard for nameless bodies washed up by the waves. Am putated by a seaquake in 1720, the Dune was previously joined to its rocky home base by the tall White Cliff of fine quality chalk, now visi ble as a reef at low tide. Chalk export, which occasionally attracted as many as a hundred ships to Hel goland’s harbor at one time, grew so great that it killed the chalk that laid the golden egg; the White Cliff caved in during a storm and tum bled into the sea. Its People Are Frisians. Inhabited by Frisians, a rugged race whom the Romans were proud to call allies, Helgoland remained independent of Europe’s great kingdoms for centuries, resisting in vasions even of Christianity. In fact, its lasting consecration to old Norse god, especially Forseti, god of jus tice, may mean that its name developed from Helige-Land, of Holy Land. Natives, however, call their island simply det Lunn, The Land. Although German is the offi cial language, they speak a dialect of Frisian, which resembles ancient Anglo-Saxon. During the Middle Ages it was itheoretically controlled from the duchy of Schleswig, the duke even pawning it to a Hamburg merchant, but actually it was the irrespressi- ble stronghold of those medieval maritime racketeers — pirates, brigands, and beachcombers. The Danes once got possession by threatening to hang all the men, whom they had kidnaped while out fishing, so that the women over threw the small Schleswig garrison and proclaimed Danish allegiance. Thereafter, when improved water transportation gave it greater con venience, it has been constantly in demand and in use as a stepping stone for larger countries. It was a valuable smuggling head quarters during the blockades of the Napoleonic wars. Then England sent seven ships to capture it, in September, 1807, like “plucking an apple hanging over a neighbor’s wall”; Denmark finally relinquished claims to it after seven years. Helgoland was traded in 1890 to Germany for Zanzibar, 3,000 times as large, and the exchange was compared to an entire suit of clothes swapped for a trouser but ton. But the trouser button demon strated that it could serve a purpose of vital importance when it became one of the world’s strongest fort resses during the World war. Not far away, on a misty morning in August, 1914, occurred the first serious naval clash of the war, when British victory littered the glassy smooth sea with wreckage. Helgolanders acquired the habit of considering themselves fishermen at the start of the Fifteenth century, when a strange migration of her ring brought them great harvests of fish for 200 years. An equally strange emigration of their source of income left them catching only a few lobsters. Since the island’s popularity as a summer resort began in 1828 with only a hundred resorters, the Helgo landers derive their year’s income from renting themselves out as pilots and their homes as loarding houses for the season of two weeks Household Queslms Do not uncover a steamed pud ding for the first half hour of cooking. * * • Tarnish can be removed from brass articles with a mixture of lemon juice and wood ashes. * * • Green bananas may be ripened by placing in a paper bag and keeping in a dark closet for a few days. • * * To prevent the juice in fruit tart boiling over, mix a little corn starch with the sugar before add ing it to tart filling. • * * Aluminum pots and pans that have become discolored may be brightened by rubbing with a cloth moistened with lemon juice. © Associated Newspapers.—WNU Service. Week’s Supply of Postum Free Read the offer made by the Postum Company in another part of this pa per. 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