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-04" for. W EV lDNEIEe ira Ce,TEWSAYJ EDUCATION IN SOUH CAROLNA. AN ICAKNEQT APUSAl. FOK NTATE'S SCHOOL TEACHERS. Aso.?ehr Section f tho- %nnU4 It-p.vrt of the %up r1r-0Pd*&1. . t 'docateou of A ach Iaterest. [The St at,, 11 th] The following spction of the an nual report of the State superinten dent of education will be of particu lar interest to the teachers of the State and those interested in the ad vanoement of the cause of education in South Carolina: There is a strong impulse among the teachers of our State to reg4rd their work as a profession. They have responded during the past three years not only loyally but with marked enthusiasm to the call to summer school attendance. In some counties there is hardly a white teacher who has not attended one of th9 summer school sessions during this time, and most of them have at tended qveryoye)r. In Richland County nearly every white teacher has attended the State summer school. This annual gathering of so large a body of the leadiig teach era of the State from country and town has greatly stimulated prof!ms sional spirit and enthusiasm. In many counttes Saturday meetings and systematic study under instruc tion are being carried on through the seession; the touch cf the leading spirits in the educational work is continued uninterrupted. The State teachers' association and county as ociations earnestly and intelligently discuss advanced educational reforms, aud speak their convictions in re commendations to the public and to the legislature. The Southern Edu cational association is brought~to Co lumbia through the support of our teachers when appealed to for the required number of members. The State is astir with the thouaght of the teachers for the best education of all *the people. This strenuous life of the teacher, * however, takra time and money as well as brains. Who pay the ex penses ? Who get the benefit ? From the spring closing till the fall opening many teachers are in entire uncertainty of employment an other year. Many change their place of work every year or two, though 'no fault of theirs, but through the thoghtlessness of boards of trustees or defects in our school system. Many are paid less than $100 a year. The average yearly salary paid to white teachers in the State, including city as well as country, daring the year closing Jane 30th was $188.91. That means a far smaller annual compensation to the great majority of county teachers. How is there to be a profession without staDihty of employment and adequaey of com pensation ? Town teachers have both, to a degree. Country teachers have neither, as a rule. Can the legisla ture do anything toward changi'g this? Better System-Oar laws now pre vent good management-as far as bad laws can prevent it. It is only the graded schools (which are excep tional in our system), and the few country schoo:s voluntarily seeking to adopt the methods of the graded schools, that make possible the many excellent teachers we now have in South Carolina and the high concep tion of the profession which is their inspiration. We should hasten to make the exception the rule. Let us incorporate in our genieral school law the approved fe'atures of the best managed schools in the State. The matters are fully diseaissed above in connection with the uncr tain tenure of trustees, county boards and county superintendents or edu cation. Certificates-One of the defects of our present system isstbe method of certificating teachers, which fails en tirely to distinguish thbe efficient from the inefficient, the growing te.acher from the antiquated drone. Loose re quirements for certification, or re quirements loosely enforced, not only directly injure the people by deceiv in them into the employment of in compPtent teachers, but tend to drive g3od teachers out of the business, since they are in an unequal contest when io competition with incom petent teachers wearing the badge of competincy. An extreme, though not so rare, case may be cited: A trustee writes: "I[ have a little difficulty in one of my schools con cerning a teacher. I have a school whose teacher has no certifi.a.e. He has heretofore had one. He went before the board and failed to get a certificate, and when boar met again he pretended to be sick and did not go before the board. I understand he wrote to you * * * to prolong his -ld certificate and let him teach un til the board met again. Now I stick strictly by the school law * * * He is teaching in one of our public school houses under the employ of the patrons and not the trustees. I am informed thet, they have a ten months' subscription school and ex pect to get public money to help pay the teacher. I refuse to help pay him out of public funds, for four or five lawful reasons, some of which I have already stated. * * * I think the sooner all such half-handed school teachers are ruled out the bet ter. They are fit for nothing but to disturb the public interest." We should examine all teat-hers strictly as applicants for expert ser vice, and our enrolled list should re present an efficient corps perma nently employed by the State for its most valued work. Better Salaries-But the prime re quisite to obtaining good teachers the coalition precedent to effective improvement of our scho,s, is the adequate compensation of our teach ers-all the teachers, whetLer in country or in town, whether men or women, whether working in little schools or in big schools. They must live by their work if they are to do the best work. "The laborer is worthy of his hire." They must have a decent and respectable sup part if they are to illustrate in. them selves the intellectual and the aes thetic life, or inspire high ideals in others. We must have more money. We must raise more money by taxation, or we may save money now suffered to go to other purposes and give it to the schools, to the teachers for the sake, of the schools. Tbe ways and means of this are discussed elsewhere, u)der the title "Reveues." The State Guard-Cannot the State afford to support, during their years of qualification for active and efficient service, a permanently en listed and efficiently officered army of 4,000 white teachers an.1 2,500 negro teachers? If we were a State of the old world we should have our standing army of soldiers.. There is no gre-ater need than a thoroughly organized ; of thoroughly equip ped teachers to fight, with modern weapons, the powers of darkness. To pay them as they should be paid would require more than three mil lion dollars a year-but this would b3 the best investment the State could make. NOV A QUE-sT1ON OF COL":R. EigIbilIty to (ffce Is a Matter of Effreer. [Special to News and Courierj Washington, January 9.-Presi dent Roosevelt is still using his offi cial axe upon the colored Republican office holders in the Southern States with fatal results. His latest execu ion was today in Mississippi, where e chopped off the official head of "Jim" Hill, the veteran colored lead er and national committeeman who was appointed registrar of the land office at Jackson, Mississippi, and appointed as his successor Frederick WV. Collins, the present United States marshal for the Southern district of Mississippi, a white man. Hill has been B conspicuous figure at Repub lican national conventions for the past twenty five years, and he has been a power in influencing the ac ton of colored Republican delegates. He has been on the anxious bench ever since President Roosevelt en tered the White House, and he has been in Washington frequently this winter trying to repair his political fnces and secure a reappoimtment. The Presi?en's action in "throwing down" Hill is a terrible shock to the Mississippi Republicans, and what is more alarming to them is the fact that the President today appointed two Democrats to federal ofEces in that State-Robert E. Lee, United States attorney, and Edgar S. Wil son, marshal. Lee was a Bryan Dem ocrat and Wilson is a personal friend of the President. Southern Repub licans are demoralized by the Presi dents repeated appointment of South ern Democrats to Federal office. They declare that he is smashing the regular organization and is doing as much for the Southern Democrats as Grover Cleveland could have done. WE'RE FOURTH IN POPULATION. Our Total Now Is 84 133,060-China. Oreat Britain aid Russia Bigger. Washington, Jan. 8.-The census bureau issued a report today giving the population of the continental United States, Alaska and the insu lar possessions, Hawaii, Porto Rico, the Philippine Islands, Guam and American Somoa. The twelfth cersus extended over only two of these outlying districts, Alaska and Hawaii, but the census office has obtained the best available information regarding the population of the other portions of the United States and prepared the following table, showing the present popula tion of the entire United States: Continental United States. 75,994,575 Philippine Islands.....-..6.961 339 Porto Rico...... ........953 243 Hawail. ......... ........ 154001 Alaska.............................. 63,592 Guam.. . ............. 9000 American Samoa............6 100 Persons in military and naval service outside continental United States.. 91,219 Total.................... ............... 84,233,069 The estimate for the Philippine Islands is made by the statistican to the Philippine commission in a let ter to the census office. The total population of the United States at the close of the nineteenth century was about 84,250,000. As the populatiVon of the United States at the beginning of the century was about five and a third millions, the nation has grown nearly sixteonfold in one hundred years. There are only three countries which now have a greater apulation than the United States, China, the British Empire and the Russian Em pire. China and 'the British Em pire have each of them probably be tween 350,000,000 and 400,000,000, :r together nearly one-halp of the total population of the earth. The Russian Empire, with about 131,000, 000 people, has more than as many again as the United States and has been increasing during the century just closed with greater rapidity than aniy other European power. A GIreat Oppartutty Tor the Farmers r,f the s'tate to Meet In theIr Interest. Secretary's Office, State Agricultu ral and Mechanical Society of South Carolina, Pomaria, S. C., January 2nd, 1002. The spring meeting of the above Society will be held in the audito rium on the Exposition Grounds. Charleston, on the 5th day of Feb ruary next, as 12 o'clock M. In consequence of this meettng, this day has been set aside by the Exposition authorities as "Farmers' Day," and the general att -ndance of the farmers of the State is expected. In addition to the interest attach ing to the meeting and the Exposi tion, the Giood Roads Convention will convene in Charleston on the 3d and continue through ihe 7th Febru ary next, and those attending the mertings of t he Society can also take the meetings of the Good Roads Congress. This will be quite an in teresting convention and one well worth the attendance of all farmers. All members are urgently invited to attend. Tnos. W. HOLLOWAY, See'y. There is an old saying that before a man is married he is only half a man. Well, after he is married he is nobody at all. MR. SMITH, TOO, HAS GONE TO THE WALL. FATHER OF THE LATER 'CHERRY TREE" IDEA ASSIGNS. His Touching Valedictory-Refers to Bi W(-bb Perfecting Press. The As sign e Issues a Notice to the Creditors. Since the untimely end of that in fant industry, "The Amos Owen Cherry Tree company," the skepti cal have been predicting the failure of "the f ather of them all"-the Smith newspaper concern of Monti cello, Fla., which is the first of the "get-rich quick" schemes to be started. The napkin ring concerns and other abortive infringements on the Smith copyright have been fail ing and now comes the announement that Smith has made an assignment. For several weeks he has been slow in making remittances, and now his agents are being informed that they are apt to come out losers in this matter. Smith's valedictory is very affecting, has a "touching" ring about it. He is, or was, the publisher of the Weekly Constitution and the Monthly Reporter, notoriously "sor ry" papers, but they have brought him over 40,000 subscribers through his system of giving employmet to do writing a'- home. Some of these agents in Columbia are sadly in need of the money which they put into the business and would almost be willing to sacrifice their claims for pay for work done if they could get back the money advanced. The last of Smith's venture is sum med up in the following statement which he issued under date of Jan uary 4: To the Public: Leaving the University of Georgia in 1890. I moved to Monticello and in a few years afterwards-I haven't the exact day before me, but seven or eight years ago. I took charge of the Monticello Weekly Constitution, and have continuously edited and published that paper to the present time, When I took charge of that paper it had less than one thousand sub scribers, and by continuous hard work have increased its cirenlation to 0,000 or more: was rapidly build ing up a large job printing business and had a prospect of doing about $50,000 worth of advertising per annum. -.In October, 1901, - I bought and moved to Monticello the best news paper press-a Webb perfecting-in Florida, with the exception of one in Jacksonville. I also purchased other ostly and valuable machinery with which to operate the plant, and have nearly completed a new building, all at s heavy expense. Monticello being a small place it was necessary that a large per cent. of our business iu the way of sub scribers, job printing and advertising, come from a distance. To get this business it was necessary to have re presentatives in the territory from which we expected patronage. The business was gradually in creasing and promised well up to a few months ago. At that time I encon nt ered some opposition, but by continnos and persistent effort managed to withstand it for awhile. This opposition came from parties or newspapers who were and are not personally acquainted with me and who had no correct conception of my work, frim parties whose main hope of keeping their own heads ap, de pends on pulling down the heads of others. Their unfriendly criticisms consisted of statements and publi cations that were wholly untrue, and without the slightest foundation. In fact, statements that were conceived in malace, made in jealousy, and cir clated with a desire and hope to in jare. As above stated, I was able to with stand this opposition for a time, but to do so I was compelled to toil day and night, which under the strain~ I have had to go, has seriously im paired my health. I am now unable to give the business the energy an~ attention necessary for its successful continuation under the difficultieE briefly mentioned. H-ad it not been for this opposi. tion I would have successfully built the business up to the point desired, given employment to many who needed it, and made a fair margin of profit on the business transacted. But bad news travels at a rapid rate and in many instances a sub stantial institution under ordinary conditions has been quickly ruined by circulation of untruthful reports, regardless of who their authors may have been. In conducting my business I have ever endeavored to keep fith with each of my representatives and am sure a reference to my past record will satisfy any one on this point. And I shall yet keep faith with them, even though to do so, makes it nee ssary for me to sacrifice everything I have worked for, for the past 12 years. I have carefully and maturely con sidered the situation for several days and have firmly concluded that the only safe course to take, considering the interest of all, is to assign all my property for the purpose of satisfy ing the just demanads against me. I have therefore, this day, volun tarily assigned all my property, real, personal or mixed, including money in the bank, and expecting only my household and kitchen furniture, for the purpose named. The assignee has taken charge of it and will make the proper disposition of same. It is a matter of deep regret and a great disappointment to me and to my friends-and I am glad to say that I feel that every one who is per sonally acquainted with me is my friend-that the course taken seems best. Respectfully, etc. This is accompanied by a state ment "S. D. Clark, assignee," in which he gives formal notice of the assignment and says; "You will therefore discontinue your work in soliciting agents in behalf of this es tablishment and that you will send forward a sworn itemized statement on the enclosed blank to the under igned assignee, of the amount of this establishment,s indebtedness to you. In making up this statement it must be duly sworn to before some magistrate in your vincinity. I will kindly ask that you send this state ment forward to me as soon as possi ble and I will endeavor to make the best disposition possible at an early date." IIRANKLIN .J. MOSA.. Onee Governor of s'outh Carolina Sentenced for Stealing a. Overcoat. Boston, Jan. 9.-Admitting that his picture was in the rogue's gal lery, and that, for a period of years he had been familiar with the "low est depths of New York opium joints,'' yet pleading for merey from the court, Franklin J. Moses, once Governor of South Caroline, was sentenced here today to four monthb' imprisonment for the larceny of an overcoat. Paper stocklngs. [Liverpool Post.] The latest with regard to paper is that we are to have stockings-real stockings made of that material which we are apt to think sacred to the uses of the library. It is said that paper can easily be made into a sort of strong twine; this is roughened to give it a wooly look, it is then knitted as though it were the real thing. This enirious hosiery is to be retailed at a price averaging three-halfpence a pair , which will go far to lighten the labors of patient (or impatient) work and washerwomen, for who would darn stockings with new ones at hard at that unheard of price? A Man of WhIskers. Jacks township Laurens County, can loudly boast of baying the long est-bearded man in Soath Carolina. Mr. James Lewis Simpson, one of the best men by the way, that lives and moves and has his being, poss esses a beard which the most devout dunkard might well envy. Mr. Simpson's beard, combed out to its fll length, measures by the regula tion yardstick 77 inches. He is a ather tall man, and, standing erect at his full height, his beard trails ii the dust at his feet. He appeare( on the streets of Clinton a few dayj ago with his beard in all its glora and was the centre of marked atten tion to the many who saw him When bis beard is tucked up it hat the appeerance only of an ordinarq heavy set of whiskers, but when al lowed to "run at h-rge" out tails thi average horse's tail by several inches Mr. Simpson ought to visit the Char leston exposition and there eclips( the midway curious.-Clinton Ga zette. Attcmpted Assault. [Special to The State.] Spartanburg, Jan. 9.-Today a Reidsville a negro, giving as hit name B. W. Hughes from Green ville, made attemps to criminially assault two 1ftle white school child ren and also to assault Mrs. E. M. F Fowler of that place. Ihis morning the negro accosted the two little white girls as they weri on their way to school, but they rar and screamed, thus baffling his pur pose. This afternoon at 3 o'clock thE same negro entered the home ol Mrs. F. M. Fowler and attempted t< lay hands on her, but her instan screams summoned a man working near by, at whose approach the blac) fiend fled. Mrs. Fowler's son, C 0. Fowler went in search of the fugitive. Ho soon found him in a lonely spot an( the two grappled. The negro as saulted Fowler with an irn rod. Fow ler drew his pistol and shot the negr< in the neck. His capture was ther easy. The negro is now in the lock up a Reidsville and will be brought her tomorrow. He got badly wounded. Reidsville is much excited, but n< disorder prevails. St. Valentine's Day and Washing ton's birth day divide honors in thd Febraary IDesigner, which containE verses, Valentine amusements for thi children, " Washingtonian Tableaux, a Washington's birthday comedy "Mrs. Poidgers' mince pie," and illus trated directions for dressing thE hair in Martha Washington style. Three capital short stories are "Aun Lina's conjourn'," by Will Harben "her son's wife," by Maragaret Whillans Beardsley, and "Mial Clarissa's smile factory "by Mar2 Knight Potter. "Pincushions "and "novelties in crochet" give hints fo: fancy work. "The hygienic pantra and storeroom," "household advice' and "b:reakfast recipes" offer assist ance to the housewife. "Points oi dressmaking," "fashions and fabrics, 'for hea3lth and beauty," and nurser; lore" are other practical and interest ing features. "Daughters of th White House," by Waldon Fawcett is an illustrated article of merit, an "cook notes" and " selections for th Recitationist" make up the list o miscellany. Prominent among th fashion features is "Costumes fo Elderly Ladies," beautifully illus trated, and contamning just such infor mation3 as is needed by those desir ing dignified and appropriate appare Aside from this there is a generou supply of fashion designs for adult and javeniles, all suitable for th season and artistically pictured. new departure in The Designer, an< one which will be highly appreciated consisting of full-illustrated instruc tions for the making of stylish hat and bonnets. By the aid of this artic] any woman with an average know edge of sewing can turn out a hani some and effective hat or bonnet reasonable cost. The End of the Day. Now the weary sun is sinking To his slumbers in the west, "He is tired," Rose was thinking: "I am sure he needs some rest." But a merry little sunbeam Whispered softly in her ear, Gently kissed her little ringlets, Whispered so none else could hear: "We don't rest, you foolish Rosy; We have far too much to do. Other folks are waiting for us; They need sun as much as you." -Casse11's Little Fol ANDPEW CARNEGIE9S TEN MILLION GIFT. WILL BE IN THE FOR OF FIVE PE CENT B iND8. The Board cof Trustees Elected -The Objectq Purpore and sope of the Proposed Institation si Set Forth by Mr. Carnegie Himself. Washingtoo, Jan. 9.-Official an nouLcement was made today of the board of trustees of the Carnegie in stitution, which has been incorporated here under the $10,000,000 gift of Andiew Carnegie. The only indi dication as to the form of the gift is that it will be in "five per cent. bonds." This is referred to in a sin gle sentence as follows: "It is the purpose of Mr. Carnegie to transfer $10,000,000 in five per cent. bonds to the board of trustees for the purposes above mentioned." The announcement was made in the form of a statement given out by Chas. D. Walcott, secretary of the in corporators, in accordance with the expressed wish of Mr. Carnegie. The board of trustees elected by the incorporators to carry out the purposes of the institution as indi cated, are as follows: Ex- OFFICIO. The president of the United States. The president of the United States. senate. The speaker of the house of repre sentatives. The secretary of the Smithsonian institution. The president of the National Academy of Science. Grover Cleveland, New Jersey. John S. Billings, New York. Wm. N. Frew, Philadelphia. Lyman J. Gage, Illinois. Daniel C. Gilman, Maryland. John Hay, District of Columbia. Abram S. Hewitt, New Jersey. Henry L. Higginson, Massachu .setts. Henry Hitchcock, Missouri. Chas. L. Hutchinson, Illinois. SWin. Liindsay, Kentucky. Seth Low, New York. Wayne MacVeagh, Pennsylvania. D. 0. Mills, California. S. Weir Mitchell, Pennsylvania.' W. W. Morrow,' California. Elihu Root, New York. John C. Spooner, Wisconsin. Andrew D. White, New York. SEdward D. White, Louisiana. Charles D. Wolcott, District of Co lumbia. rCarroll D. Wright, District of Co lumbia. The board of trustees will meet to organize and elect officers, in the office of the Secretary of State on January 29. SMr. Carnegie's purpose as stated by himself in requesting the various members of the board to become members is as follows: i"It is proposed to found in the city of Washington, an institution which, fwith the co operation of institutions now or hereafter established, here or elsewhere, shall, in the broadest and most liberal manner encourage in vesigation, research and discovery; encourage the application of knowl edge to the improvement of man kind, provide such buildings, labora tories, books and apparatus as may be needed, and afford instruction of an advanced character to students whenever and wherever found, inside ,or outside schools, properly qualified to profit thereby. s"These and kindred objects may be attained by providing the neces sary apparatus for experimental .work, by emnploying able teachers from the various institutions in Washington or elsewhere, and by enabling men fitted for special work to devote themselves to it, through salaried fellowships or scholarships, or through salaries with or without pensions in old age, or through aid in other forms to such men as con tinue their special work at seats of learning throughout the world. "The face of the returns,'' said the chairman of the meeting, "shows sixty-seven ayes and no noes." "What a queer looking face that must be," remarked an old lady in