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E. 1S ESTABLISHED 1865. NEWBERRY, S. C., THURSDAY, JULY2,19._____________ A RAMBLE AMONG SCR'NAMES. Annual Address Delivered by Rev. J. Wal ter Daniel Before the Alumni Asso ciation of Newberry College, Jane 16, 1891. 1. When the student becomes wearied and exhausted by close and prolonged application, there is no surer or more efficacious restorative than a ramble along the prattling brook, or through the deep shades of the forest, or over the hills and through the secluded vaileys. Nature has her own vis medi catr ix; and to him only who dares to pei.ietrate the solitary glens and the sylvan seclusions of earth will come the aroma of wild flowers and the exhila rating voices of wild nature's revels. Many rare and choice bouquets may be gathered elsewhere than from hot houses and well cultivated flower gar dens. So, along the by-ways of litera ture, and almost unwritten history, the rambler may gather the sweetest nose gays of unadorned truth. I therefore propose a Ramble among Surnames. But some one, out of harmony with history, may ask with Juliet. "What's in a name? That which we call a rose by any other name would smellas sweet." That is doubtless true. But we must remember that she had just said: "0 be some other name!" Thus she has left on record the fact that she really felt, as a mere matter of sentiment, there was not a little in the - cognomen by which men and things are known. There is much in an appel lation even if it serve no other nurpose than that of distinguishing mau from I man and thing from thing. All of us, c indeed, are brought to appreciate its I value when wishing to speak of some- I thing or of some person, we awake, as did Nebuchadnezzar of old, that the thing is gone from us. There can,indeed,be no exercise in the whole business ofinstruction more useful to the bniad than the analysis of names t in the concentrated light of history and the conditions out of which they were s evolved. It brings the careful student < into the ianer sanctuary of thought, I as it relates to the annals of nations, for they are but the cristalization of thought as it stands C connected with the great as well 0 as the lesser events of the ever receding I past. Surnames are the side-lights of history, while the appellations which things and places bear constitute the foot-lights of the drama of life as it was played by our Anglo-Saxon progenitors. He w~bo r~eads history without a knowl- d edge of the derivation of names may n stand in the dim light of the outer v court, and even there he may indeed c offer incense, but he who penetrates within and looks upon the scene under h the resplendent influences of side and e foot-lights beholds it grow incandes- n cent in interest, and he worships and adores. Surnames became generally heredi- t tary about the close of the thirteenth century, and all kinds of methods weret resorted to in order to establish them. fr They were fixed upon us by our ances- a tors from the most casual incidents and I evironaments, as well as from common place characteristics and occupations. It may, at the first thought, appear in- I credible that 'surnames should have ' been applied so indifferently, but when t we consider that only a few centuries t age the single names which our Anglo- 0 Saxon ancestors bestowed upon their a children were really less than four hun- t dred in number, and that only twenty e or thirty of these, for each sex, weret in common use--half of all the names U of'men being made up of the sevent appellations, John, Henry, William, ~ James, George, Thomas and Richard, t so that a number of persons even in a small conimunity would bear the samet name; and when we remember that t these single names gave no hint of d relationship or family descent, we can easily see that the necessity for a second, ~ or surname, would speedily arise, and that the source of supply would be a l matter of secondary importance. In this emergency the country from n whicli one emigrated frequently served ti Sto-fasten upon him a surname. Thus '* Thomas from Wales very naturally d ' tq. mas Welch. Wilriara ~ me William Scott, s ~Land of the Mid- s' ndant he may S ,inherited the v -- - France P sOr er passionI's gust w-. nehi; r hnshe would fall in t na ith hrhands coe rat ~ig eyes, .and movini einently - b sieto side, a. s%Sh (reorgin and the ~c zvm "The bear of the gbd, soe vikin~ doubtless, originally by fleviigN upon the healthiest spime oit, "hes hardy offspring, and (iNrise dTe servant of Christ,"~ is also of>ns e scent.tinf.outCa In tye eastern secto oftohCm -iateei ozlr familiar name thnan thato jtrl1ng - u ngo saxon fore-falthers calldelIrlt from the country lying east of their 1 the term ,Sterling. C'onnlected. therefo)re, with that namxe we hlave a most inter estingpiece of history. In that far ofi age when surnames were made, when every petty earl or baron had his private mint, when1 money was coined by towns as well as by states, we cannot fail to learn even C from romance literature that meu had even then learned t:he art of short weight.. A scene in Ivanhoe illustrates the prevalent shortage, at that time, in coin. When Gurth, the I thrall of Cedric, acting, clandes- I tinely, squire to the disinherited Wilfred, paid Isaac of York eighty ..-cins for the use of the noble steed( and goodly armor which the disinher ited knight used in the tournament at Ashby, it will be remembered by every one whc. has read the scene, how the covetous Jew weighed the eighteenth zecchin on the end of his finger,and tried its genuineness by ringing the metal upon the table, struggling all the , hie between a desire to reward the swine herd and his greed for gold. But the clear ring and full weight made Gurth one ::ecchin poorer than, perhaps, he would otherwise have been. In that age when there could be very little guarantee of the genuinenessand quali ty of the current money, the coin brought to England by the Germans was known as Easterling or Sterling money, which was a synonim for its t purity, hence the proud sterling, or the t erm as used to denote a man of pure ,haracter. t Chapman is of Norse origin, and means a merchant or peddler. Bjorn, I .he son of Harald Fairhair, as early as I he middle of the ninth century was I he first man, so far as history informs t s, that ever bore that surname. He was a. peaceable, frugal, trading and I !cononic uuder-k:g whom his jealous I rothers mockingly called "Bjorn the :hapman." He was cruelly murdered >y his brother "Eric Blood-axe" anout L. D. 933. But the name still lives. As it comes to us through the English re have Chapman, but that branch of l ;h hardy family that sought their I ortunes among tne Germans was called i :aufman; the two names have a com- s non Norse origin and are really one J Lnd the same name. A difficult problem, it is said, once 1 )uzzled t. brain of a rustic American itizen. He could noL solve the mys ery as to the existence of so many peo- C )le who bore the ubiquitous cognomen t ;mith. It was indeed the problem of t rs life, till at last he drifted by chance 3 t. may have been, into the "city of >rotherly love"; there he read this sign r ver the main entrance of a great fac- 9 )ry: "THE SMITH MANUFACTERING t IOMPANY." The problem was solved t atisfactorily, at least to him; there, he N oncluded they made Smiths and thus s eopled the world. 1 But that henorable name, so lauda- t ly connected with almost every phase t f Anglo-Saxon history, antedates not c nly the city of Philadelphia, but the 'l lories of the New World itself. It is J f ancient origin, and was a common d a-ie among the Romans. (Fabricius I -a smith). There is indeed an allusion v the name in the New Testament it- t alf-Demethius the silver-smith-who id St. Paul very great wrong. If that 1 .ame, as it is recorded in the sacred r olume, had appeared as a disciple, t r follower of Christ it would have be- r ome a powerful argument in the E ands of polemics in the universal ( stablishment of the doctrines of Ar- t inianism, or salvation decreed for all a en. I Smiths, therefoi-e are not made, as o be rustic back-woodsman imagined, r ut the whole fraternity of them enjoy be honorable distinction of being self- T 2ade, and may honorably claim a lorious and ancient lineage. They et their name from the Anglo- e axon Smitant, to smite. That term 'I as applied to all who dealt blows e 2 an honest and lawful craft. Their 'y ocation was, not to smite men on the a lody field of battle, thus weaving for s emselves garlands of victory, and t bereby inscribing their name in the t nnals of the world's butcheries; but 1I ey smote the crude material from the arth's bowels "hip and thigh" and e bus brought beauty, order and e tility out of chaos. Tihey were n~ de artisans-the Tubalcains of the s5 -nglo-Saxon race. Therefore while r ae theological controversialists have o een unable to use the name in 8 ae establishment of their doctrines, - b aat name proves conclusively that the g isposition of the Anglo-Saxon race i as ever been in favor of getting an 1 onest living by honest strokes. a South Carolina and the world owes ab isting debt of gratitude to that name, l2 >r our rice takes precedence in all the I arkets of the world. "In 169.3," we are 1 ld, "Landgrave Thomas Smith-of t: hose descendants more than live hun- 0 red were living in the State in 18SS (a s umber doubtless largely increased v nee), moved perchance by.a prophetic 1 mse of the fitness that the father of ich a numerous progeny should pro- r ide for the support of an extensive a opulation-introduced the culture of e ce into South Carolina. The seed d ame from the island of Madagascar, in o vessel that put into Charleston har- s or in distress." It is, indeed, an evil e id that blows nobody any good, but d always requires a Smith to smelter 6 d hamS mer it out of adverse circum Virginm .ISouth Carolina may, r erfore, grasp diands even across p the old North Stat6" with her teem- t g multitude of Smiths, and exult in t e historic distinction that while the 'j ersonal magnetism of one John Smith, f some way or other, touched the 12 eart of the fairest wild maid of the s irginia forest when Powhattan was 14 bout to become practically a Smiter 12 tiimself, our Landgrave Thomas Smith etaliated on the proud old chief, and I natched the last, lingering laurel from c he brow of the poor rediman, who has y it herto exulted in the distinction that 12 hey had nobody else to thank for their e orn; but now the Smiths may rival e ese denizens of the forest in the fact a hat tl"' have nobody else to thank | or their rice. C But in the imediaeval birthday of I ames, when occupation fixed the cog- c oen Smith, Smyth, Goldsmith and a mithers, species of the same gtenus, I ipon so many hardy Anglo- Saxons, fastening everlasting appellations upot the sons of men. The Browns belonge< Driginally, perhaps, to that honorabli -lass of men which cultivated thi ?arth, or at least their ancestors musl bave spent much".time out doors, anc ,hus tanned and browned perhaps b3 he sun's rays, they won their latirdablh :itles. The Blacks were more tannec md hence their name; but many of the lescendants of the Browns and Black! vould swap appellation with the Whites, and many of us would loos( )ur cognomenic distinctions if anothei :aming day were to roll around. So the Browns and Blacks belong 'eally to the genus Smiths, for the3 were Siniters too, though they smotE he earth "fore and aft," and were wE o institute a comparison between theni ye would follow the model of that dis inguished Smith, who taught more hildren the principles of the English anguage than any other man dead oz live, and who even rivalled Cupid dimself in teaching the youthful pupils hat they "might, could, would, or hould love"-we would follow his nodel and say-positice, Smith, com >arative, Brown, superlative, Black. But while the world owes a debt of ratitude to that enterprising Smith vho introduced the culture of rice into ;outh Carolina, it should never forget .nother South Carolinian, Alexander 31ck, who did more for the "old Pal netto State" than any other man liv ng or dead. Our fathers had rather a low way of getting from place to place. udge O'Neall in his "Annals of New erry," tells us that as late as 1813, the ton. Ker Boyce, then keeping a store n the little village of Newberry (S. C.) began to trade overland whith Phila elphia. Cotton was hauled from New erry to Philadelphia, and goods rought back by wagons. He and homas Pratt", . fellow townsman, annually mounted their horses and ode to Philadelphia, purchased their oods, and thus laid the foundation of heir respective fortunes." Again, here is a manuscript in the hand 'riting of General Thomas Pinckney, till extant, which tells us that "On the .th May, 1S15," the General, "with wo ladies of his family, set out from heir plantation on the Santee, in their wn carriage, and traveled to Boston. 'hey reached Philadelphia on the 15th une, having traveled 692 miles in 31 ays, including stoppages, to that point. 'he traveling expenses, including two reeks stay in Philadelphia, amounted > S420. Alexander Black to the rescue. In 327 he secured a charter for the first llroad ever built in America. Chiefly irough his instrumentality that >ad was completed from Line street ear Charleston (S. C.) to Hamburg 3. C.) in October, 1833; and during Lat month the crude little engine pparently. prophetically named "Best riend,"-made its first trip at that time ver t,he longest continuous line of rail had in the world. The first United tates mail ever transported by steam as hauled over a part of that road in ebruary, 1832. The road was built by driving p:les very six feet a part, in parallel lines. 'he heads of the piles were left about ighteen inches above the ground and ere bound together by transverse leepers; hence the term crosstie, which ill adheres to the transverse pi"ne of mber underlying the rails, though 1e piles which they tied across are no nger used. Many English names have the suffix r and gter, these are the respective ndings of masculine and feminine ouns in the Saxon language. Thus me Nimrod, who in medieval timnes >amed over England's majestic forests oak, clad in his jacket of Lincoln reen, that he might the better conceal imself alike from his foes and the ame he sought, being in strictest har ony with the pnanoply of green about im, with his quiver of steel-tipped rrows, silver hunting horn, and well ent bow of flexible Spanish yew, who e Locksley of Ivanhoe fame, could otch the shaft of a Hubert, or cleave twain the swaying willow rod, or ~ansfix the advance guard of a flock wild geese winging their way to the itary fens of Nol'aerness; such a roodsnan worthy won the title of Iunter. The baker, more fortunate than Pha ah's, which probably lost his head on count of bad cooking, one who ex elled in the culinary, at least to that egree necessary to the establishment fChis profession, fixed that title as a rname upon the long line of his num rous progeny. Thus the world is in ebted for its Joiners, Carpenters, *awyers, Farmers and Saddlers. The medieval barber was an impor nt adjunct to his community. He ot only did the hair dressing for the eople of his neigh borhood, butt' o the noth-pulling and blood-lettr., nence eir red and white striped sign posts. 'hey have lived to see their ancient rofession divided into three distinct ranches-two of them dentistry and urgery-honorable, the other menial, ~aving to the descendants of the first arbers only the name. While the porter made a name for is offspring either by guarding gates r carrying burdens, the potter at his hbeel made a name for his progeny by is dexterity in handling the pliable lay. To the perfidy of these ancient raftsmen we are indebted for one of ur most expressive words. There were Roman potters as well as Roman rators, poets and philosophers. Roman otters, it seems, were as shrewd as our ~owncasters. When they discovered crack in their wares, they filled it up icely with a kind of prepared wax, ,nd thus concealing the fiaw, they put heir craced wares on the market and i sold them as sound vessels. Roma I pottery merchants thus imposed upoi a were taught to look, when they mad a their purchase for the wax that coi cealed the flaws of imperfect workmar I ship, hence when they discovered perfectly sound vessel they said it wf sine cera, without wax-hence we hav l the word sincere, signifying primaril without flaws. The Woodward was the keeper c warden of the forest, while Woodru was the master of the wood. The name Shepherd scarcely need explanation, and is closely allied t Steward. They both belonged to the class of laborers which looked after th stock of the old Saxon and Norma landlords. Steward was originall written Sti-weard, and meant "warde - of the sties, or cattle pens." The rE ligious denomination which I have tb honor to represent has well nigh mc nopolized the word. Ste vards are n longer keepers of the stock p-ns, thougl they may think that they have soi, hard stock to deal with when the tim comes to collect quarterage, but are no, the financial board of a great church They ought, thereforc, as a body no only to "be men of solid piety," bu they ought to demonstrate their "souni judgment" by abounding in the grace of liberality and thanksgiving, for th church has rescued them from a ver; menial office. But that name il its ancient as well as modern signifies tion. carries with it the idea of ver: great responsibility. The old Saxoi Sti-weard was responsible for the stocl committed to his keeping. And si God has honored this name above al others, and, in one sense, he has mad, it of universal application, so that al men are stewards of the talents he ha committed to their keeping. But it ought to be a source of pridi to every Englishman and Americal that so many people bear names which are derived from the professional trades One of the most interesting features o name study is the fact that a large per centage of our ancestors made thei: names by diligence and perseveranci in some honorable vocation. Even th< wild savage recognizes those traits o character and attainments which dis tinguish the possessor from the less ac complished; and he is wont to confee on the brave, the cunning and th< wise such titles as are expressive .o their attainments. We have man3 striking illustrations of this truth it the history of the Indian tribes tha once inhabited our beautiful Southland So the plucky Saxon dame, wh< dared at that early period of Englisl history when surnames were made, t< enter the arena of professional trade and compete for custom, placed he: bread tables by the thoroughfares an( exhibited the fruit of the oven-tempt ing barley loaves, kneaded by he hand and baked under her supervision and thus won not only a living but f name for all of her offspring-bakester' a female baker, hence we have th< name Baxter. The great Webster, whose eloquence logic and astute statesmanship wor him a name second to none in the an nals of America; the learned Welstei whose lexicographic labors yet abide: as the standard of English-speaking people, and the lesser Websters whos4 names have not been placed upon th< roll of honor and of fame, may all traci their origin to some gentle and humbl4 Saxon dame who plied the shuttle day by day, thus winning an honesi living and a surname for her progeny The thump of the loom was their pian< and the hum of the distaff their organ Their vocation ranked among the fine. arts of that day and had been consid ered an accomplishment second t< none from time immemorial. Thi science of music was left in the hands of strolling harpers and clowns and th< websters were useful as well as orna. mental; and while it may be said o these two accomplishments that thi first has verily become the. last, we should never forget that poets, as fai back as history leads us, have sung o distaffs and looms as the choicest sym bols of princely women. Thus Home: describes the present of Alcandra t< Helen "Alcandra, consort of high command, A goldca distatrgave to Helen's hand; And that rich vase, with living sculpturi wrought, Which. heaped with wool, the beautiou P'hilo brought The silken fleece, imipurpled for the loom, Recalled the hyacin th in vernal bloom." So also Theocritus, when he gives: a present to his friend's bride, couple it with verse: " distaff! friend to warp and woof, inerva's gCt in man's behoof, Whom careful housewives still retain, And gather to their household gain, Thee, ivory distaff, I provide, A present for his blooming bride, With her thou wilt sweet tol partake. And aid her various vesters to make." Aud even Augustus himself, at th. height of human splendor, wore a rob which was made for him by Livia, hi wife. There wvas an old practice in th years .agone, that a woman shoul< never be married until she had hersel spun a set of body, table, and bed linen It is not difficult to see how easily th< term became applicable to all unmar red women, and finally became a las term and became fixed as spinster. The Websters, therefore, like thi Smiths, may claim an ancient an< honorable lineage, and though th H arpers sang in palaces and befor k ings, the Websters really have highE claims to aristocratic origin. [coNxrn NEXT w EESC.) A gray beard on a man under makes him look older than he is. T1 best dye to color brown or black: Buc,iuham, eh for the Whisker: n SOUNDING THE ALARM. I, e The State Alliances Receive Orders from their National Heaa. [From the National Economist.1 a To the Brotherhood of the National s Farmers Alliance and Industrial Un e ion: It is now apparent that the ene y mies of reform throughout the country are marshalling their forces for a vigor ous and determined effort to weaken and destroy the Alli.nce. Its future I progress will be stubbrnly contested and resisted, but we will a;suredly and g'loriously triumph, if we be cautious, prudent, faithful and firm. The out 0 look for the success of the great reforms ,t we advocate, was never so hopeful and e encouraging as now. The Order a throughout the whole country is daily adding to its numbers, and it is in finer ' spirit and is more thoroughly united a than ever before. But the peculiar conditions confronting us demand the utmost caution, lest we commit errors, e which might prove fatal to our cause. - The action of our State Alliance and of > the Supreme Council, in their forth a coming annual meetings, will be uni versally regarded with earnest interest, [ and the character of that action depends e largely on the wisdom of the subordi 7 nate bodies. The sub-alliances are to select mem bers as delegates to the county alli t ances, which are to choose delegates to t the State Alliance, which in turn is to I select delegates to the Supreme Coun cil. In view of the great and important work to be done during the next Alli 7 once year, and which must necessarily i be largely directed by the State bodies . and the Supreme Council, the brother hood is earnestly admonished to exer cise great care in selecting the men to 1 whom must be entrusted the responsi bility of guiding our course as an Or der. Let those who are to legislate for us, in the State Alliances and in the Su preme Council, be not only our ablest 1 and wisest men, but let their loyalty to our cause be without taint or tar nish. Put none but true and faithful Alli ancemen on guard in this hour of our great need, and all will be well. L. L. POLK, Pres. N. F. A. and I. U. Washington, D. C., July 3, 1891. READS LIKE A WESTERN YARN. Story of a New York Syndicate to Back Georgia Alliance Stores. ATLANTA, GA., July -9.-Great changes are, it is reported, to be made in the management of the Alliance Ex change of Georgia. The scope of the Central Exchange at Atlanta is to be greatly enlarged. Co-operative Alli ance stores are to be established in f every county in the State. The whole , machinery, so it is alleged, is to be supplied by a New York syndicate. This New York syndicate is said to be backed by $100,000,000. Its charter is not yet perfected nor its name given to the public. It is to supply all the Alliance stores and exchanges unless some other big concern starts up that can undersell it. It claims to be able to secure superior rates of transporta tion. It is to have a sort of branch house in Chicago, which is to ship bacon, corn, etc., to the farmers of the South. J. H. Wardell, a leading Alliance man of South Dakota, and former can didate for the Senate, is one of the leaders in originating the enterprise. Oswald Wilson, who is partially manip ulating the Florida Alliance Exchange from New York, is prominent in its organization. President L. F. Living ston, of the Georgia Alliance, has proved a valable accessory iii shaping its course. Col. WV. L . Peck, president of the Georgia State Exchange, has been to New York to look into the the plan. The distric.t lecturers of the Alliance held a meeting a day or two ago and consulted about the best man ner of presenting the matter to the people.___ ___ A Slate Found at Newberry. Although July, 1891, is rather early for the preparatir 1 of one of these frag ile compositions, known in politics as a slate, yet, nevertheless, The Newberry Herald and News declares that there is one already prepared for 1S92. From Governor down that slate stands no more chance for endorsement than "a cat in Hades without claws." Talbert is given the position that, in our opinion, President Stokes will occu py when the test comes, while W. J. Talbert will be put in the field against "Uncle George" Tillman for Congress. We know but little about the standing, in the Alliance, of the other gentlemen .on that slate, but we have an idea that, if the whole matter was finely sifted, it would be found that orders or in structions have already been received from Alliance headquarters at Wash ington, to put no one on the State or Congressional ticket but supporters of the sub-treasury scheme. The honest farmers of the country are led to believe that sufficient safe guards are placed in and around the Alliance organization to save the noble order from falling into the hands of scheming politicians; but so long as its head officials and their headquarters are located at Washington, the ac diowledged fountain head of political barter, schemitig and plotting, there is reason to suspect that the fountain of the order may become impure from constant contact with the most corrupt elements of all political parties of the country, and all measures emanating from that source should be well dis sected and intelligently examined be fore they are swallowed "by orders from headquarters." And the suspicion of political schem ing should gain strength when orders from "headquarters" are passed along the line that adverse criticism of lead ing men of the order and the measures they formulate and recommend, is op position to the Alliance and must ba checked as traitors, in the Alliance, and if indulged in by outsiders, must be "put down" by the tyrant, "Boy cott." No man of ordinary intelligence and with the best interests of the country at heart can oppose the Alliance, its aims and objects, as originally promul 1gated ,,but all free men should be al lowed 'the privilege of honestly and fairly criticising any new measure or principle that men, high or low in the Order, may try to inject into it. That is the only way to keep the order pure, and save it from designing men 'who would use and ruin it for their per r sonal and political advancement The evils resuting from habitual cos tiveness are many and serious ; but the use of harsh, drastic purgativ; - is 4 quite as dangerous. In Ayer's Pills, e however, the patient has a mild, but s effective aperient, superior to all .ohr, ,esp..ianllyH for family use. THE SUB-TREASURY. Mr. J. B. O'Neall Holloway's Masterl3 Dissection of the Humbug. (Special to the News and Courier.] ORANGEBURG, July 7.-A large gath ering of people assembled on ':st Sat urday, July 4, at Brantley's Grove, eight miles southeast of this place, tc celebrate the day and hear prominent speakers discuss live issues. The day was too warm to be p'easant, but nevertheless the gay picnickers all prodounced it an enjoyable occasion. * * * * * * Mr. J. B. O'Neall Holloway was the next speaker. He said that hbe iad been invited to be present and to speak, and that the choice' of his subject by the terms of the invitation had been left to him. This was a dangerous power to entrust to a man like him, on an occasion like this. He thereupon pulled a copy of the sub-treasury bill from his pocket, and taking up its provisions, section by section, demon strated that it would be class legislation of the rankest sort, and as a Democrat he was opposed to it. He said that there were only about six hundred counties in theUnited states that could under the provisions of the bill be bene fited in any way, while the others would have to pay for what they did not get. He further pressed the idea that the losses to the Government would probably be large, caused by the extreme flunctuation in prices of pro ducts stored in ware houses and that these losses would have to be paid by the taxpayers. He did not believe that corn, cotton and wheat was a safe basis for any currency, and most convincing ly argued in support of the position thus taken. Mr. Holloway spoke up wards of half.an hour, to the great de light of the anti-sub-treasuryites, and it is to be hoped to the edification of those who have hitherto approved this vicious specimen of political folly. Tillman and the Sub-Treasury. INational Economist.1 In a recent interview Congressman Tillman, of South Carolina, made use of the following in regard to the sub treasury plan : "The merest nonsense," said he, "a day-dream, with positively nothing in it; hatched out by a set of compara tively inexperienced men in a short time, when it would have taken Con gress several months, using its best equipped brain, to have originated any measure anything like that." It would be gratifying, indeed, to the people of this c -untry to see some evi dence of the efforts in their behalf of the "best equipped brain of Congress." This "best equipped brain," however, has been so entirely devoted to the wel fare of Wall street and monopoly that the people have been entirely forgot ten, hence this "merest nonsense" has been proposed. Somehow or other this "merest nonsense" is making . such men as Mr. Tillman quite uneasy. it is also very plain that this "nonsense" is spreading rapidly. A Relic of Ancient Columbia. [Special to Sunday News.] COLUMBIA, July 11.-Col. Gibbes has found another very interesting relic of the ancient Columbia. It is a copy of "The South Carolina Gazette," No 28, date September 22, 1792, printed at Columbia, by D. Constable. Among other interesting reminiscences it con tains the regulations for the elections to be held in the various countIes. New berry is spelled New bury, and the name Shackelford appears Shakle ford. A very humerous (at this time) set of instructions to postmasters for the delivery of "newspapers" is also given the point being whether the subscriber shall call at the postoffice and pay the "pstage" in advance or whether the Star route fellows shall collect it on the fly through the country. There is noth ing said about the best way of collect ing the subscriptions to the "news papers," which is altogether a modern question. Governor Pinckney speaks with some pride in the South Carolina Gazette of sundry "six pounders" on Arsenal Hill, and issues some orders to the "several brigadiers," which would para lyze the soldiers of this day and genera tion. Dying of Love. Fort Worth Mail.] From the Spanish of Marie Doceo: Cubridmie de fibres. Cover Me over With showers -Of flowers; Heap Them deep My quiveiing, Shivering, Body above, For P'm dying of love. *Cover Me over With showers of flowers. Cast Them fast My yearning, Burning Body above; For that odor sweet It is naught, I weet. But the breath of love ! Cover Me over With lilies. And dafiodilies, And roses And their fragrant sister poses. Rain Them amain My languishing, Anguishing Body above; Then, far from me flying, Leave me here lying, Leave me bere sighing, Leave me here crying, Leave me here dying Dying of love.SA A s. Blood Will Tell. Of course it will-that is if it is good, healthy blood. It will glow in the cheek, and tell the story of perfect physical health. If it does not, if the coplexion is devoid of color, the muscles weak and fiaccid, something is wrong, and something. ought to be done about it as once, for in such casea delas are dangerous. For torpid liver, "biliouness," and the thousand and one ills to which these conditions o1 the system lead, there is no remedy in world equal to Dr. Pierce's Golden Medical Discovery. Boils, pimples, eruptions, scrofulous sores, salt-rheunm, an all kindred disases are cured b3 THE WAR ON THE RAILROADS. Indications of a Compromise in the Mat ter-South Carolina Railway and the Cheraw and Salisbury Railroad Considered Test Cases. [Special to News and Courier.] COLUMBIA, July 15.-If the public desire one thing more than another just now it is is to know the result of what has been called the war on the railroads. Tbe State railroad board of equalization, it is learned, has come to a conclusion as to two of the cases which may well be considered test cases. To know these is practically to know all. There are a good many other ways of obtaining valuable information than pestering the board with inquiries, as it will not probably make its action known to the public for three or four days, maybe a week. It has been as certained that the board holds that the raised ass:'ssment, as intimated by one of its members, was not an actual as sessment, but an indication to the rail road authorities of what the board consider a true valuation, subject to revision after argument and the fur nishing of facts to the contrary by the representatives of the railroads. It is learned also that the Attorney Genergl who is now at Chick Springs, holds the legal opinion that the fi ate Railroad board is not debarred' ~ne constitutional grounds made by Ex -Governor Chamberlain frotn- taking action in the premises. The board, it is further stated, does not look tothe raised assessment as the basis of. its final action, but the returns of last year, and takes up the consideration of in crease in values-since then to aid in the final result. As a result of this manner of proce dure a decision has been reached in the South Carolina Railway case and in the Cheraw and Salisbury case. The return of the South Carolina Railway was for $13,000 per mile, and the board suggested $20,000 per mile, subject to revision after argument and testimony. The board has fixed the rate for this road at $16,000 per mile. These figures are n-ade regardless of the $20,000, but are held to be a raise of $3,000 over the assessment of last year. In the Cheraw and Salisbury case the figures are fixed at $8,000 per mile. In the Columbia, Newberry and Laurens Railrdad case the clerk of the board has been instructed to notify President Childs that the board desires to hear him at as early a day as pos sible. It is stated that the return for this road is $2,000 per mile, and that is was returned last year at $2,500 per mile. Facts. [The Bookkeeper.] The poet Tennyson can take a worth less sheet of paper and by writing a poem on it make it worth $6.5,000. That's genmus. Vanderbilt can write a few words on a sheet of paper and make it worth $5,000,000. That's capital. The United States can take an ounce and a quarter of gold and stamp upon it an "eagle bird" and make it worth $20. That's money. The mechanic can take material worth $5 and make it into a watch worth $100. That's skill. The merchant can take an article worth seventy-five cents and sell it for $1. That's business. A lady can purchase a very comfort able bonnet for $3.'75, but she prefers one that costs $27. That's foolishness. The ditch digger works ten hoursa day and shovels three or four tons of earth for .$2. That's labor. The editor of this paper could write a check for $80,000,000, but it would not be worth a nickel. That's rough. Frank Leslie's Popular Monthly for Au Great interest is now taken in any thing pertaining to Alaska, and those who cannot gc and see what that part of our country is like for themselves will be glad to read of the experiences of two persons who have been there, as set forth in "A Trip to Alaska," by Dr. A. Victoria Scott and Emily J. Bryant, in Frank Leslie's Popular Monthly for August. The article is profusely illus trated. Other highly interesting arti cles in this number of the .Fbpular Mfonthly are: "Down the St. Lawrence on a Raft," by J. J. Bell; "Medileval Epidemics," by Joel Benton; "The 01 der Boston," telling of an ancient En glish town from which came the foun ders of 'our "Hub"; "A Malagassy Man," by Lieut. Shufeldt, U. S. N.; "Women as Inventers," by Frances Stevens; "A Black Giant," an interest ingly told story of how steam engines are run; and Nelly Hart Woodworth contributes another of her charming bird articles. There are six short sto ries, besides an exciting installment of the serial, "John .Maggs, Barbarian," and several pretty pcems. Bad Luck in St. Louis. [From the Fort Worth Gazette.] Mr. Tilden was nominated at St. Louis-and he was counted out. Mr. Cieveland wa renominated at St. Louis-and he was defeated. St Louis is bad iuck. On the Safe Side. "Well, my little man,"said his grand father, "why didn't you go out with the sailing party yesterday?" ' Because," answered the little fellow, "my mama went along, and I heard papa say to her that there was a spank in' breeze in the bay." HERE IT IS AGAIN! The Cantwell Conundrum In a New Form. [Special to the News and Courier.] COLUMBIA, July 16.--After a very interesting slumber since the first Monday in July, the Cantwell case "has broke out" in a new spot. It happened in this way : Mr. Cantwell -r a day or two ago wrote the following letter to Mr. Ellerbe : Hon. W. E. Ellerbe, Comptroller General, Columbia, S. C.-Dear Sir : Enclosed please find warrant as pay for supervisor of registration for Char leston County. Please send me check for the same. Very respectfully, W. P. CANTwELL, iervisor Registration Charleston Councy. To this the following reply was sent : Mr. W. P. Cantwell, Charleston, S. C.-Dear Sir: Your salary as super visor of registration for Charleston County will be paid up to the 27th May, 1891. Warrant will be returned accordingly on receipt of warrant re ceipt as usually required. Yours, &c., W. H. ELLEEBE, C. G. It is evident that the department of the Comptroller General does not con sider Mr. Cantwell as supervisor since May 27. TRAVELS OF TWO SHINPLASTE War Times Recalled by the Arrival of Letter Sixteen Years Overdue. [Memphis Appeal-Avalanche.] Some strange things happen in every day life, and now and then some of them reach the eyes of the public. The adventures of a greenback 25-cent and 50-cent piece mailed by Mr. Lucius Kelly over sixteen years ago can legit imately be classed under the head of peculiar happenings. On May 23, 1875. Mr. Kelly mailed a letter to Capt. Frank L. Stone, who was then and is still master of a ste.m boat plying between Demopolis and Mobile. The letter was mailed from Rembert, Ala., at that time the home of Mr. Kelly, and was forgotten. Since then Kelly has removed to Memphis, and now travels from this city repre senting a Louisville wholesale house. Yesterday he received an envelope con mining the following correspondence: REMBERT HILL, Ala., May 23, 1875. Capt. F. L. Stone: Enclosed find 75c., for which please send one dozen Singer sewing machine needles. Please\ bring them up the next trip of the boat. Leave them at" Beaver Creek landing.Rs eC#all OFFICE OF GEoRG AULDING, Fo - WARDING MERC ,r 'MOBILE, Ala., Feb. 21, 1883. Mr. L. Kelly: Strange things sometimes happens, and in this case you will agree with Q me. A letter from you to me, dated May 23, 1875, has just come to hand. Where it has been the Lord only knows. It has enclosed seventy-five cents, which I return with letter just as it was received, which I hope will explain why the order was not attended to eight years ago. Yours very truly, Fasx L. STONE. It will be seen that eight years elapsed between the time the firstiet- - ter was written and the date of its an swer by Capt. Stone. Now comes a most peculiar coincidence. Eight more years elapsed between the date of Capt. Stode's answer and its receipt by Mr. Kelly, to whom it was forwarded by his brother-in-law from his old home in Alabama. ' The two pieces of green back were of the old and now almost extinct issue of fractional currency. The 25-cent piece bore a '75 date, and the 50-cent piece was dated 1863. Mr. Kelly prizes the two relics very much n account of the history connected with them, and would not part with his "shinplasters" for a considerabl premium over their face value.A A RE3IARKABLE OCCURRENCE. A Congregation strip. Itmelf of Its Jewels for the Sake of the Heathen. BOUND LAKE, N. Y., July 14.-An extraordinary scene occurred at the Christian alliance meeting here this morning. Miss F. Louise Shepard, of' 250 West Forty-fourth street, New York, a wealthy young lady, who joined the alliance six months ago, spoke from the platform and announced that she had given all her jewels to the 'Lord and now proposed to give $250 to pay the expense of a missionary to the heathens. She asked if any one would help her along. A number of the congregation, men and women, arose and donated their jewels, rings, watches, waach chains, ear-rings, etc., and money to the same purpose, until ' the little altar looked like a jewel case. Miss Shepard was overcome by the scene and could n it restrain her tears. Watermelons for Britons CINCNNA-rr, Ohio, July 13.-A large cnsignment of the finest Georgia watermelons was shipped from here to day for London, England. It is an experiment which if successful will I.e established regularly. Behind the Scenes. On the stage the tinsel, the glitter, the powder and paint, show forth the most, but behind the scenes, and you will behold the truthL. The chorus girls Z are not all "fancy paints them," but ~ rather what they paint themselves; ' just so with many of the flaming ad vertisemenlts of so-called heatarrh ures." Get back of the scenes, and they are not cures. The real one,.an&d the only remedy that is a enre, fa;Dr. Sage's Catarrh Remedy. Lift thr tan, add you will find the naked'r to e,tht hi Rmey s heonedha cures the worst cases of Catarrhiathe Head, and no mistake. It siJ .2 remedy g i all catarrhal condlis such s~rrhal Hegdenhe (t 7. of etc. ,