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& 4; ES B H_- - HA -89 1 . PRICE 81.50 A YES ESTAPBLISHED 186"5. __ __ 1__ T__ _________ "MAN'S INHUMANITY TO MAN." Man's Infamy in the Treatment of His His Fellow Man-How Men Lie in Wait, in the Natne of Justice, to Strike Down Socially and Morally Those Who Have Once Sinned. [Howard in New York Press.] Many men have expressed a wish that they might die suddenly, and not be compelled to drift a mental wreck after the faculties of their head had ceased to work. Why? Obviously, because whatever might be their hope, their wish, their feelings, born of early education and continu ous assertion of a future life, they rec ognize that, as far as is known, with the loss of reason ends desirable life. The hanging on of the physical struc ture for days, or weeks, or years means no hinge. So far as man is concerned, the man is dead when the light of reason is put out; and if it be true that when our mental faculties are blotted from exist ence the essential part of us is gone, and all immortality hinges upon a hope alone, what must be the infer ence as to the original intent of the Creator, derived from contemplation of the brutality, the infamy, the cruel ty with which man treats his fellow man? The poet who sang "Man's inhuman ity to man makes countless thousands mourn" didn't begin to touch the core of the trouble. He barely placed hir foot upon the lowest step in the figh;; which leads to the vestibule of the Chamber of Hor rors, into which this world has been resolved by the wickedness, the selfish ness, the rapacity and the unkindness of mankind. There is no need to cross the ocean for illustrations. The Czar of Russia, Napoleon I, frish landlords are not the only tyrants. We have them right here at our hand, and one of them is called public sentiment. Given the control of the columns of an influential journal, I guarantee the dethronement of the proudest name of our time. All that is needed is to point with malign continuity the finger of scorn or wag with devilish persistence the slanderous tongue, and the noblest man, the purest woman, can be pulled from the pedestal of fame itself and made to hide in the very gutter of des pair. Don't think I intend to rehash to day the brutality, the infamy, the out-. rage, the cruelty of certain of the news paper press of this city as against every man charged with crime. For the mo ment let the subject drop. ARE GUILTLESS PERSONS PUNISHED? Innocent men are in Sing-Sing to day. Why? It's but a short time since an intelligent jury, hounded by an ignor ant but powerful press, brought three men in guilty of burglary, and two of them had been lectured first, and sen tenced next day by an impartial judge upon the bench, when, all of a sndden, something or another turned up which led our police authorities, not the court officials, to investigate a little closer, and they found the guilty parties else where, with proof irrefragible; where upon intricate legal formalities were confronted, and it was absolutely sev erol days -before these innocent men were released from the brand of rascal which had been placed upon their brow by a brutal press and a super-service able set of officials. Innocent men in Sing-Siug? Yes, scores of them. Innocent mien in -Auburn, in Con cord, in WeathersfielId, everywhere where iron bars and walls of stone hold convicts in close confinement, are men as guileless of crime as the very child who cries to-day for his mother's milk. In the iron hbd of some of the social organizations of to-day is clasped the oaton which controls the orchestra of -devilment along the line of torture and iInterference with the rights of men made in the image of their Creator. "Msn's inhumanity to man makes -countless thousands mourn," reads very well as a line, but it is vague and general. A CONvICT'S EXPERIENCE. Some months ago I told the story of a released convict. I showed how he had been driven from pillar to post; how he came to me time and again until my patience wa exhausted; until all that I could do for him had been done, and the end had literally come whlen I was forced to say to him: "I can help you no more." Of course I did help him once more, but although that little help procured for him a position and saved him from a suicide's grave, it was but for a fc w weeks, and to-day he is back again,not only back again in crime, but back. again in a felon's cell. With tears that rolled with unques tioned honesty down his worn and pal lid cheek, he confessed to tme, as he stood in my presence in a striped jack et, in his convict's garb, that he had committed the crime with which he was charged, for which he was tried, convicted and sentenced, but continu ing he said: "You know how hard I tried. You know how thoroughly I intendcd to be good, you know the bitter experieni ces I underwent, and you know how so.me secret foe followed me from point to point, and ousted me from every lit tIe lodgment my foot could find." And I did know it, and I do know it, and I say that one such case as that is enough to make an infidel eloquent, and to draw from the mouth of every the Creator nave been :hioxmig oa a this is a part and parfel f h:s forior dainedl progr::1:i y' A disCusision is raLpant in t;o pr. to-day, and the text is, "Can coicts reforii?" Reader, did you ever tell a lie? Did you ever commit a theft? Did you ever do anything dishonorable or mean and dirty? If so, and you long since repent ed, don't you know the possibility of recovery of reason? Don't you under stand that under favoring circumstan ces your little effort can be made stur dy and grow up into desirable propor tions for good among your fellow men, and can't you therefore understand that if, having been detected, you were followed incessantly, exposed there, made shameful here, pushed by un kind hand:, from every opportunity of recovery, how you might have said to vourself some time in a moment's bit terness, "What's the use?" and then throwing up the sponge of endeavor, plunge back again into your old time habit? Whiy, of course, you ca' understand it, and if you can't, go and see the con victs, any one of them marked and branded as Cain is said to have been, with his portrait printed in books and sent from one station house to another, with his record published to the world, with the Superintendent of Police in every city informed as to his name, his appearance, his record and crime, the date of his release, and then tell me, if you can, how it is possible for a con vict, unaided, to recoup himself and stand once more a man among his fel lows? I can't give you the particulars, but within ten days a story has been told here of a man released from Sing Sing some little while ago without clothing of a decent make, with no money, sent adrift upon the world. Everybody who is adrift seeks the great commercial center. The moment that man passed the boundary line of New York city he was recognized. Being recognized he was spotted. Being spotted he was follow ed. Being followed he was watched. Being watched he was suspected. Being suspected in these days is as bad as be ing guilty. He tried to get work. A policeman told who he was. He tried to get work. A detective showed his picture in a book. He tried to get work. Somebwly informed his would be em ployer who and what he was. Finally, in despair, he turned up on Fourteenth street as a peddler of bone buttons. Now, he couldn't get much lower than that. To be sure he was on the sidewalk, and there was a gutter, and fearing that he wouldn't get in the gutter a police mar. walked up to him and said: "Here, I know you; get out of here," and drove him away, amid the jeers and taunts of little boys, who in time will join that great army of malignants concerning whom the poet sung, "Man's inhumauity to man makes countless thousands mourn." A PRETTY TOUGH YARN. The story of my Sing Sing man at tracted very widespread attention, and I receivbd many letters about it, one from an esteemed correspondent in Lynn, Mass., who very humanely ex pressed her desire to be of practical aid and ordered the man something to do. Her letter came just at the time he had secured the situation to which I refer, and she, as others, will be interested to know the unfortunate termination of his endeavor. It seems that an ac quaintance of his in a neighbo ring~ State has a brickyard, in which the convict found employment. Being a man of parts he was put into the oflice, where he had charge of what they call a delivery book. For the services ren dered he received his board and Ma a month. He had no relatives, and be ame very much interested in a young woman who lives in Williamsburg. While he was in New York, prior to his bricky ard employment, he was under the surveillance of the police continually. Having no money he could pay nothing in the way of black mail, and, as may be remembered, from every position he secured he wa driven away-. I was very glad that good luck procured for him the posi tion he finally got, for twvo reasons. In the first place and more especially it removed him from New Y\ork, and he had, I thought and lhe thought, a chance to recover and rebuild hin1welf up. He met the Williamsburg woman while in this city and corresponded with her after lie went to work. One day lie came down to visit her. That brought him to New York. He took her to a theatre, where he was rccognized by a detective, who pointed hinm out to a policeman at the door. lHe was followecd to the Grand Street Ferry, wvhere lie bade the yount woman good night, and hurried to the Grand (Central Depot to take the 12 o'c lock train fir his town. The detec tive crossed the ferry in the same boat with the young woman, foliowved her to her house, and as she ascended the steps spoke to her. She was frightened at.first, but the man's manner reas sured her, and (luring the con versatio,n which ensued -he told her who and what the ruan had beeni. She was very much agitated. especially as the detect .ve told her it would be necessary for, him to inform the family with whom she lived the dat ure of the man with chonm she assoceiatedl, she being a seam stress there. :4'0 at once put herself in bispo~wer by beginig him and imupior ing himx not to do hait. and he wecnt away prom iing hor if she had nothing more to do with the ex-convict he would say nothing. She wrote to her lover that night. He received the letter the day after. He instar.tly caeack tn the city and rue-il to her house, where a storn iirterview followed, and between her apIreiension of difiiculty with her em ployer ai'l her mortification at discov ering she had permitted the attentions of an ex-convict to attract the,notice of the police the poor girl was frightened half out of her senses. THE SAME OLD INHIUMANTX TO MAN. Put the man, what of hini? Well, perhaps you might guess. But if you are too tired I will expliin that he lost what sporting men call his heart. His grip on life relaxed at one unex pected blow, every hope was shattered, and in a half dazed condition he went back to his place to find that his em ployer, who, by the way, knew all about him and had given him his po sition in the hope of aiding him, had been renotified that his delivery clerk was an ex-convict, and that unless he was discharged the fact would be made known to his customers, upon whom such information would obviously have a very bad eflect. So he discharged him. I asked him when I saw him in prison why he didn't come direct to me and I blush to say he replied: "Why, Mr. Howard, I thought I had worn you threadbare. I feared you would say as I certainly felt, 'Oh, there is no use,' and I imagine myself jump ing on you like an old man of the mountain once more and adding to your cares and responsibilities, so I yielded for the first time. in six months to a temptation to drink. Once started, I kept on. The little money I had went like water down a mountain stream and in ten days I was a physi cal wreck as I was already mentally used up and I resorted to beggary. One night I literally asked people for nioney on the streets, but I got very little and that I spent in drink. I don't think I should have stolen if it had not been for the absolute want of breai and shelter. It was a keen, cold night, and as I passed along the brightly lighted shop windows I thought how easily I could relieve myself, so I made a dash for a tray of rings, ran, was followed, was caught, and here I am for two ,ears and three months." No use to moralize. This is only a fact. This is only a picture. It is only one of a thousand instances. The authorities say that these men not only won't reform, but can't reform, and I dare say would cite this very instance as a good illustration of their assertion that ex-convicts are certain to come back again. It isn't so. If that man had been content to re main sequestered, as it were, from the bloodhounds of New York, be might yet have been married to the girl of his choice and have gotten along nicely in this world's affairs. Of course, at once you, who remember, think of Kissane in California. What a dirty, dirty thing it was to drag that man's long since forgotten crime to the face of affairs. Who gained anything by it? Was there ever one extra newspaper sold by means of that sensation? It broke a mote's heart, it rudely ruptured family relations, it has caused an hon ored, a reputable citizen of San Fran cisco to bow his head with shame as he passed along the streets, because, al though he is a respectable and respect ed nian, he knows that his brother's crime has east a blighting shadow on a pathb hitherto all sunshine and spread with the flower of prosperity. "Man's inhumanity to man;" that's Ten dollars a seat to hear Patti or see Bernhard t. Ten cents to a beggar, provided he will spend it in ruin. But not ten words of comfort for a man, however penitent, who has once worn the stripes of a prison. Ugh! It makes mc very tired. THE PENITENTIARY DIRECTORS. They efer the Bateman Matter to the Attorney General-An Increase in Price Canal Work. [Register, .5th.1 At the meeting of the Penitentiary D)iretors yesterday, the proposition for change of specifications in the canal work, as noted in the account of the meeting of the Canal Trustees, was agreed upon and forw.arded to the trus tees for their consideration. The hoard adopted the following res oluion in regard to the Bateman mia tter: "WXhereas by report of R. E. Hill, the expert employed by the Board to examine the penitentiary books, it ap pears that there is still an apparent deC fieit of--; and whereas the Board think it beyond their jurisdiction to o further thau what is shown by the books prop)er ; therefore be it "lb .olved by the Board, That we deem it advisable to refer lie matter to the Attorney General for consideration, ind leave the matter with him for set Previous to the adoption of the abtove, the Board had at first agreed to send for Mr. Hill again and get him to ex amine the hooks of Loriek & Lowrance as to the item of credit claimed by Mr. Bateman, but they reconsidered that and adopted the resolution above give. (leanse the scalp from seurf and dand ruff; keep the hair soft and of a natural color by the use of Hall's Vegetable Sicilian Hair Renewer. Miss B. Bedloe, of Burlington, Vt., ad a disease of t be scalp which caused her hair to become very harsh and dry and to fall so freely she scarcely da~red comb it. Ayer's Hair Vigor gave her a healthy scalp,. ' the hair beautifully thick an . CLOSEI) I\ S)N( ---I:()S T1[l:: iFTY FI:ST CONGRESS TERMINATEt). Most ItcRmark:ab'e c and Democrats Vie with Each O()wr in Singing Son:zs, but Stop to Li-ten to the Refrain from the Pre!s Gal lery--The Record of the body. WASINaTON, D. C., March 3.--The House of Representatives of t he Fift.v first Congress went out in a burst of song. Its ending was remarkable and un precedented, and a scene similar to that which followed the declaration of theSpeaker that theFifty-first Congress was adjourned without day, it is safe to say, never occurred before in a Con gress of the United States. The vocalists of the House on the Republican side of the chamber gath ered in a body near the front row of desks, headed by Messrs. Cole man. of Louisiana; Yardley, of Pennsylvaia: Stivers, of New York. and Wade, of Missouri; and as soon as the H-ouse was adjourned, they started up "Marching Through Georgia,'' which was taken up by the great mass of Republican Representatives, who made the hall ring to the great delight and edification of the galleries, packed full of people. The Democratic chorus, headed by Representative-elect John .J. O'Neil, of Missouri, started with the doxology, "Praise God from Whom all Blessings Flow," but their voices were soon drowned in the soperior volume of the sound from the press gallery, the re porters having taken up the hymn. The Republicans and Democrats alike ceased their singing to listen to that of their some time critics. Messrs. Burrows, Allen, of Michigan, and Coleman with Yardley struck up "Our Fatherland" as the closing notes died away, and the Republicans join ing in very generally the effect was fine, as was the singing of "John Brown's Body," which was taken up immediately. The occupants of the press gallery for the last numbers on the programme rendered "Good-bye, Congress, Good-bye, My Lover, Good bye," and "He's a Jolly Good Fellow," and it was with regret on the part of the immense throng on the floor and galleries that the impromptu musicale came to an end. The crowd then slowly dispersed. SOME CLOSING SCENES. All the fore-part of the morning there was an intermittent babel of shouts for recognition from anxious members who crowded around the open space in front of the speaker's desk and resorted to calls, vociferous re marks and all manner of devices to at tract attention. The House was in a critical mood, and those members who were fortunate enough to catch the speaker's eye found they still had a road to travel to the presidential haven, for it was not an easy matter to secure the necessary two-thirds vote to have the rules sus pend and their bills passed. The Republicans in the House nailed their colors to the mast, determined to go out of power as aggressive, defiant and as full of fight as they had been at any time during the session. LOYAL TO THE TYRANT. They were loyal to the speaker, and awaited the proper occasion to mani fest the fact. It soon came. No Demo crats haying prepared the usual vote of thanks to the speaker, Mr. McKinley arose and offered a resolution thanking the speaker for the able and impartial manner in which he had performed his duties. The House, which had been in a buzz from the many-toned whispers of the members on the floor, lapsed momentarily into something approach ing quiet as the resolution was read, and Mr. Mills arose in his place. He disappointed those persons who hoped for a vigorous oratorical display, as he merely demanded the call of the yeas andl nays. The call was proceeded with amid great confusion due to the fact that nearly every member had some parting remarks for a neighbor wvhom be perhaps might never see again. When at last the vote was announced the Republicans arose en masse, clap ping vigorously, waving pap)ers and books and making the air RESOUND wITH CHEERS, the volume of sound being swelled by the applause in the galleries. The ap plause was renewed more vigorously than before, as Speaker Reed entered the hall to relieve Mr. Burrows, who was temporarily in the chair. The Decmocrats jeered at the demonstra tion. Mr. Bland and Mr. McCl:inmy, of North Carolina, shouting out retorts to the Rep)ublican applause, that were lost in the confusion. Mr. Cannon came in for a wiid ova tion, as he presented the confetenice report on the deficiency bill-"thle last report lhe would have to make.'' His Republican coileagues sprang to their feet at his words, giving him cheer after cheer and tossing whatever was on their desks into the air in a tumiul tuous CYCLoNE OF CoM1MEND~AT1oN of Mr. Cannon. Mr. Breckenridge, of Kentucky, amid the app)lause of ids Democratic friends, made a graceful little speecb, eulogistic of the treat mient the minority had received from Mr. Cannon; but the Republicans were a little chary of joining in the acclama tion, being evidently of the opinion that Mr. Breckemridge's remarks were reflexively, in some masure, in decro gation of the sp)eaker. soME UNPOPULA Rt sPEA KE H.:n Expecting that the Democrats would make objection to the resolution ten dering the thanks of the House to Speaker Reed, Mr. McKinley hadl pre pared a list of cases in which objection was made to the vote of thanks to the prsiin nofcr The a thi~.rteen in nunI1.er, beaglinnIn: witl? the inl and :ixth Corses. The last Ire Vious OCr-5ion was in the Thirty-sixth (ongress, when Wim. ennington. a Whi", of New .ersey, was speaker. A 1t con to-day the Fifty-:,rst Con r ,ithe oiniliion of n:any veteran lil ators the most reimarhalde Con .,ress since the war) carme to an end bv C'OS! itUtional iliIlitatiOl. From the first to the last the sessions have been interesting and eventful, aid for no long period were they ever characterized by the dullness which occasionlly for days at a time narks the proceedings of nearly every Con gress, anld especially of those Congresses in which the first session is unusually prolonged. The actual working tne of the Fifty-first Congress exceede(d that of any of its predecessors, and the nomlilial session and time of all except the Fiftieth Congress, and in the num ber of measures brought to its atten tion, and the number, variety and im portane of those acted on, it likewise surpassed all previous Conngrestes. TIIEi:E NOTAnLE MEASURES. Three measures, any of which in in trinsic importance and popular interest would be sullicien;t for a national issue, stand forth pre-emnleti among all others. First, the McKinley tarilf bill, which became a law; second, the silver bill, on which, in the first session, a compro lise was efiected, based on thb month ly pturchase of 4,5:;:,000 ounces of silver. which, in turu, was followed by a more radical measure that failed of pa sage; and third, the Federal election bill, which, after a protracted, bitter, hotly fought and intensely exciting prelimi nary struggle, failed in the Senate to reach a decisive vote on its merits. IA)ICAL INNOVATIONS in the rules of the House added inter est to its proceedings, and tho deter mined but fruitless efiorts to adopt the most vital of these innovations formed a part of the history of the last part of the session of the Senate. Even in its mortuary record the Con gress was remarkable, the call of death having summoned no fewer than twelve of its represcntatifes and three of its senators. Many of the bills enacted into laws appropriated an unusually largeamount of money, and the expeuditures autho rized will exceed those of any "peace" Congress since the foundation of the governument, the total appropriations made by the Fiftieth Congress were, during the iersession, 05,:1:7,516, and during the :ecoud session Y422,(:23, 342, or an aggregate of SS17,05,S50; wbile appropriations for the first session of the Fifty-first Congress were 40, 627,i;i7, and those of the second session will probably bring the total appropria tion lor this Congress to $1,00),Ul00,U0i. SOMETi I1NG ABOUT BILLS. A compariso)n of the work of Congress just closed with that of its immediate predecssor makes the following exhi bit: Bills introduced in the House in the Fifty-first Congress, 14,0'23, aga ist, in the Fiftietli Congress, 12,0534; in crease, 1379. Joint resolutions, 271; in crease. 10. Senate bills, 5120, against 4000, or an increase of 1129. Joint reso lutions, 169; increase, 24. Bills passed by the House, 1748, of which 1513 became laws; and by the Senate, 1;'05, of which 073 became laws, making the total number of laws, during the Fifty-first Congress, 2180, against 1824, in the Fiftieth Congress; inicrease,302. The Senate also postponed indefinitely 010. Senate and 18 House bills, this being equivalent to defeat. VETOES. During the Fiftieth Congress one hundred and sixty-one bills.were vetoed and dlurinig the Fifty-first Congress fourteen, the most important of which were the act establishing a record and pension oflice of the war department and acts providing for public buildings at Bar Harbor, 31e., Dallas, Tex., Hud son, N. Y., and Tuscaloosa, Ala. CONTESTED ELECTION CASES. Out of eighteen contested election cases, the House seated eight of the Re publican contestanits, and declared the seat of Mr. Breckinridge, of Arkansas, vacant. T wo cases, Goodrich vs. Buil lock, from Filorida, and( MceGinnis vs. Alderson, from WNest Virginia, in: which the comnmittee reconnuenlded the siating of the Repubhican contest ants, were not disposed of; and the elections coml!mit tee itself never acte on the Eaton vs. Phelan, Tennessee, ease. The Senate disposed of of its sole conltestedl election case by seating twc Republican senators from MIontana. RESULT 01- CONGRESS' woIRK. As a result of the work of Congr.-s., great numiber of the measures Whieb have for years occu pied more or less ol the atten tion of t he legislative branch oif the governmaent. wvill be- tranisferred to the executive and judicial depart incens!, of the governm:ent, there, per. haps to becomie equally faimiliar ac quaitanices. A~nmng "old stagers' which are now laws are the copyrigh1 bill, the p)rivate land court bill (to settki disputes arising over Mlexicanl grants ii Wvestern s-a'.es an;d Tlerritories), th( postal subsid:- blii, the Indian deplreda tin claims All. thle timber and per emiption la' r-1epeal bill (making general i.. vi.-ion oif the land laws) the customs admllinistration bill. th< general li nd forfeiture bill, the b.lIi t< relieye thle Supreme court by the estab lishmienct of in termecdi ate ('i rcu it ('ourt: of Al4ipeal, the U nited States judaes salari'-s b iil, and the direct ta%x refun< bill. FELL. nv THE wvavsmsr. The Blair educational bill, thie Hi for the apportionment of an~ aleholi: liquor commission, and the "eigh um.s cl.ims bill, are measures whiel were defeated on test vot"s: w' ?e anmoig those whir e: f:er ps,1: !'?:" House, ajl"' of a i n i: ' e le-r. and will donils h e wreatl w!h succee(:ingr ('nresss, rre the l.. :tlhtoy ill, til ("ngcr laid biilani the :irly reorgani-ation bil. The Padlolek pure food biil, the Nicaragua canal h the Pa:cifi: railroad fu:l i a d the inter-state coi' erce bill I to per mit liiited pooling of the earnings by r'ailroad copne\ are :mong th e measures which faile'i to :er.ch : vote in either HIou=e. ir:t'Jix cN(o:M:.r is Among the ieasures oil whieh nei ther House acted, except in some '::ses by conunittees, were the ub-treasury and farm mortgae bil!, the service pension bill, the Canadian reciprocity re-olutio:;, the bill, to c,;eourag,e the caistructiou of an ilnter-contin:'ntal railway, the pt.stal savings bank and ,ostal telegraph bills the Putler bill to aid negroes to emigrate to Africa, the woman suffrage and prohibition con stitutional amendments. the incom tax bill, and various other radical financial and political iues.ures. 8l2,000,0O FORPUniLC ILUIL1;SGsr. A statement prepared by the clerk to the House committee on public build ings and grounds shows that during the past Congress 411 bills for the erection of public buildings were introduced, carrying a toai appropriation of '713, G35,625. Of this number t 3 passed both Houses, appropriating Sl2,G7G,G3t1, all of, which became lawssave four, which were vetoed by the President. THE POCKET VETO. Eleven bills passed by Congress at this session failed to become laws by the action of the "pocket veto." The only one of a public character was the act to create an Eastern division of the Northern judicial district of Georgia. All others were relief bills of different kinds. CO'YV.IGaT, A LAW. The President signed the copyright bill shortly after his arrival at the Capitol this morning. Friends of the bil1 had asked Private secretary Hal ford to request the President to place his signature to the measure with a quill pen of the style used in the early days of legislation, and this was done. The quill was plucked from the wings of a large American eaglc, and was at least two feet long. It was sent to the President by Robert N. Johnson, of New York secretary of the Interiatic nal Copyright league. The pen was then returned to Johnson with the President's comolinrents. - The Brussels treaty for the suppres sion of the African :lave trade and traffic in spirits and firearms was de feated in the Senate in executive session this morning. The opposition to its ratification was based upon a number of reasons, such as fears of entangling alliances, interference with private business enterprise, etc., and the ma jority in the opposition to ratification was decided. NORTH AND SOUTHI. Southern Candidates in the Demnocratic National Conventions-Are They Available as Presidential Candidates. [New York Sun.] The suggestion is heard, with what has comne to be regarded almost as be coming regularity in advance of every Presidential contest, that the nomina tion of a Southern candidate by a Dem ocratic National Convention would no longer be attended with the perils of Northern opposition, irresistible atnd insurmountable. The discussion of the claims and qualidieations of Senator John G. Carlisle revives the previous controversies oni this point; and the fact that he "lives on the wrong side of M1ason and Dixon's line" is referred to as important by his champions and his opponents. In the National D)emocratie Convyen tion of 1808, the first one after the war, all the leading candidates, Seymour, Pendleton, IIancock, Hendricks, Chasce and Church, were Northern men, and no Southern candidate conisidered. In the Baltimore D)emocratic Con .vention o,f 1S72 the ratification of the-I Greeley and Brown ticket put up t wo months p)revio)usly by the Liberal IIe publican Convention in Cincinnali, was a foregone conclusion; but there was some oppositu>n to it, and a South ern candidate for the first time was presented in the person of Mir. Bayard. who received the votes of 1~> delegates. The whole number voting was 782. In the St. Louis Convention of 17 all the leading Democratie candidates wer Northierni men with. agin, the exception of MIr. Bayard, who received this time~the larger total of 21 votes fromi Georgia, D)elaware', V'irgin.ia, North Ca*~rolina, Louisi:ir an i~iTexas. On the second baliot he had ilvoes. In the Convention of l>an 31r. Bay atrd was again tIhe oniy Southern canl didate, and recei'.ed, on the first bal lot, 1->3 votes, against 171 for G.eneral Hancock. On1 the second ballot, how ever,~ the support of Mr. 1;ayard' .other..n fr'ienids was thrlowni to H-1 coel i ad hc was nominated.. LOin coni quene In the C onvention of i '.-4at (icago,r Ir. Blayaird one ngain', an for t e third time, was a em''1iie and re ceive.d I~l vote's, the' laIe umber., siim''. i, Ters (;nri. Te'w...uh Ci ( ma. , V.iri.':a. hientuciky,. ea wa're, :'mi-ouri, Mary.land, F'iorida and we., Vr\irginila. On the second b,allot 'u ri.?yad received 15.3 votes; on the tir;d, S1. 'ine mions after he receiv edt this proof of confidence and popu larity, he became assoc at ed, as Secre .' - , . e. w:th .'. Clevelnd's ad i r l c then he has .:er ih on c n o: :s a Presid:iental in (a1 (i the l.inal CO nvet.inl I wic n im r,seremg numbers each time i. i;:ay:rd received the support := u,er 'n eleates, the vote Iriven imt . ht .a.c>ut.,- ' of the ballot nrl wa rer than upon subsequent iniots. T'is was due to the cireum tane , which has pased almost into :he realm of p1olitical traraitions, that Southern dele-ates in a National Con entiou, by casting compiimhentary ote's nr cue:didate whcse prospect of access is slight, can hold their strength mut l the critical time, and thus make heir uaort decisive. Although, as lhe recor-' shows, the support of a 4outhern c:ndidate has been more opular at each succeeding Denmocratic ,ouvention, small headway has been hIade in eonvincing the delegates from Northern states of the availability of )utlheri candidates. Thus, in the National Convention of S-4, the Kentucky delegates, acting inder instructions. favored the nomi natien for President of M1r. Carlisle; and Mr. McKenzie of that State, in advocating his claims, raised the ques iou of locality in the following words, hich, as bearing directly upon the tuestion still at issue, are worth repro ?uction: "It may be urged against Mr. Car isle that he comes from the wrong side f the Ohio River: but if the statute of imitations ever is to run against that lea, it ought to begin now. I belong ,o a class of men who believe that we ave a Union in fact as well as in name, mnd I believe that there is as much .honor, virtue, and patriotism in the outh as there is anywhere within the Droad limits of our common country. I tppeal to the sentiment of Justice and Pairness that pervades this great Con reution, representing, as it does,the ,ntellig :.'e of the Democracy of Ame rica, if ; come before it with any un atural ilea when I ask you to recog zethat the arbitrament of the sword as settled the war, and to present to .ou a peace ofi'ering in the person of olhn (4. Carlisle." In response to this eloquent and 1mpassioned appeal,. one delegate in :he Convention (lie was from Wiscon >in) sunported Mr. Carlisle. The solid ientucky delegation of 26 stood by their favorite, but outside of the solita rv Wisconsin man he i'eceived no other :couragcnieut. The superior fame and celebrity of Gen. Bragg, also of Wisconsin, who, at the same Conven tion,upported .,ir. Cleveland on the singuiar ground that he was in favor of him because of "the enemies he has made," prevented the Wisconsin dele -rate who-e fraternal sentiments were stirred by -Mr. MIcKenzie's remarks, from receiving the attention which mgh t otherwise have miade him a hero, as it did of Webster Flanagan four years before. However that may be, it is not to be cisputed that, among the' Northern delegates in National Demo ratic Conventions, Southern candi date's are far less popular than those belonging north of Miason and Dixon's line. Whether this is due to the fact that the prejudices and asperities en kindled by the wvar and still latent operate on sectional grounds to the prejudice of such candidates, or whether the ob.jection to the Southern candi dates is merely one of availability, the critical and deccisive States being in the North and. not in the South, is 'an interesting question, and one not easy to decide. The Experiment on Coosaw. [G;ieenvilce News.] The achievement of Governor Ti!! man in stopping the work of the Coo saw company and taking piossessio,n of its territory in the name of the State does not impress us as being very brave or grand or hereic or valuable. There was no danger in it. There were no wheiming waves or sh.;tted cannon or any other varieties of terrors to face, nor was th.re anyv dan;ger that -weI can see of persontal less or inconve ,ience to th.e governc'r. The Coasawv 'o mp:my' has n~o eutrol over hi s sala ry. or' con ingent funl, holds no mort geages over himr and has no political in huece to speak of. Tlerefere all the takabu is ."nerve'' or eurage or gee 'st in the m:uiter is the emptti e.st.win..e.t.and Silii, sto bosh-the eneles totn of litleti trumpets " und to toot shrilly the praises of Till man. Th Rt takes ail the ri:aks and cne.If anything is lost by' the ex pIie:tnw beinug tricai the loss ruutst i o her and. thei people-more cs p:-al)n amn. eople'. - :l;h' th prcingi a to dio the :-:*::'. tob- people ge:wral:. or ihe farm *r gelal any good. if' the (oosaw all t'e pho-sphate territory th.re is we cou ItI e~ -omec senuse in putting the -irew t',i with lu the power'l of the e Ino amooplyi. WhII?n it stops, the' ln I ompanics,' dilig phiosphate ro fr'om ini' . III(n(f their own land, cotinue toL di.e 'nd produce and "hiI. T.onyrsuit is 1o tauke away a a p: o ni to heilp give the land c:paisa nmonopoliy. Th land. complanies must gain by the righ in any case. If the work in the~ Coosaw territory is suspended they are rid of a rival and given better op portuniity to raise lprices at their pic nre. If n'v comp.anies go in and mi'ne the rivers thy wili naturally pick -"l the best. places, skim oft the cream of the phnn: dosph !~0its. so to speak. md leave the river beds so unprofiti-e )le that nobody will be able to -work :hem hereafter and the land mines w e freed forever of the competition-o river rock. In that case the State . aave exchanged what promised to-be. ,ernianei+t source of large and steady nconie for two or three years-of.n .rease in her receipts from royalties.3 It looks much like a fight betw he land and river phosphate mine' vith the governor throwing all b >ower of the State on the side of and companies, with which thelStat .as nothing to do and from which s he loes not get a dollar of royalty, he river companies, which have bee ?aying her from $150,000 to $225,000 ear. Attorneys, friends and represent' ives of the land companies have done 'he writing for the newspapers and the vork in the legislature against the osaw company. We see it stat hat attorneys of the land companiesY tttendcd and advised the phosphate ?ommission when it went to take~pos . ession of the territory claimed by thf .oosaw company; and it is broad . iinted that those same land cowpani tre backing the new concerns whi iave applied for river license. It is the plain interest of the, ?ompanies to have the river beds ?icked over that they will be ial w-orthless in the future. That woun cave the land mines a monopoly. and nake their possessions far more val tble than they now are. We -donot' )elieve these land miners are workingji or patriotism or because they uddenly developed such love for th' eople and the State as to make.tbe1t ;pend money and labor to open up -iver mines and increase competition n their business for the sake of thei ?eople. If Governor Tillman had intendedtoh -elieve the farmers and break downr nonoplies his best plan would have >een to abolish the royalty entirely .it . :osts about the same to mine- a ton of'I ock from land or water. The water. :ompanes have been paying theState; t royalty of a dollar a ton on their.roekcR and selling at the same price asihe and companies. That dollar the water -ompanies pay is added by the land 3ompanies to their prices and means" hat much more clear profit for them. [f the royalty can be raised to=$250 :on prices will be raised in proportion >n land and water rock and as the Iand: :ompanies do not have to pay it the in -rease will be that. m"trce me4n their profits. The land companies muga ;ain any way-whether prices arge raised or river competitors are driienL= Dut or the river beds are ruined. Tph The farmer pays the phosphatesroye alty. It is the one tax nobody sh&rse' with him. He pays it in the hig price of his fertilizer in which the pbe1 phate rock is used. Added royaltyoaf phosphate rock is simply a rouad ab-out, indirect method of adding to the armer's taxes while fooling him. into the belief that he is being helped. All classes get the good of big royalty pay( ments in lessened taxation, but the farmers alone pay them. The Coosaw company has made much . money, even when burdened with thega~ dollar a ton royalty. The land compag nies have not paid that royalty-butg they have added it in their prices be cause they knew the river companies& could not undersell them and- have$ cleared enormons profits. Governor Tillman may be innocently allowing the hand companies to make a fool of him for their advantage or he may be their willing tool for purposesr of his own. We cannot see inside of him and do not know. After consid7 ering the statements, the facts and. figures from both sides-and for a long time only the side against the Coosaw company was heard-we can not es cape the opinion that he is doing onen of the two things- We cannot avoid the conclusion that the legislature of 1876 made a fair, sensible trade when it granted the Coosaw company theerx elusive right to mine in seven miles of river at a dollar a ton and that the rash meddling now being done after for teen years is the result of officious and bull-headed foolishness or of walking the State into a plain trap, or is evi dence that-to use Governor Tiliman's' favorite cam paign expression-"some thing is rotten in the State of Den mark." IT TAKES OUT THE STAIN. How Yellow and Blue Cotton is MIade White by an Enecnton Fartner. [From the Augusta Herald.] Heretofore it has seemed an impes sibilty to get stained cotton white with out injuring it. A process toaccom plish th is has recently been discovered by Sr. J. J. Williamns, a successful far mecr at Ehlen ton. S. C. lHe packs his seed c*otton1 in layers. Over each layer he sprinkles water with a pine top, and after doing this leaves it for yearly three days. The stained and blue cot tonl whe~n taken out is clean and white and the staple as good as ever. The cotton w~ hen packed in this manner generates heat, which removes the stains, and the farmer is saved the diflierence in pried.betweenl dhe stained an d white cot torn besides gaining one pound in eight iirginning. The heat 'enerated in the packing kills the germ. in thbe seed'. ,u t the- oil in them is not iniuredl, and! ibey are saleable tothe miiils. . MIr. Williamnshas found this prpoeis successful, anid l& will be glad~to an swer any inquids 'eancerning it As the best evidences ofits value it may be stated that this year he sold his:edtire'z