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wEMms-O* aooy, one yea~r, I1 501 si monthe, 75 oente. The money must in all eMsea be sent *1th the ordor. Post* mastes ar inv tert aot a. aents. 3XP1RATIONS-Look at the prntd label on the paper; the date throon shows when the eubs8ription expires. Forward the money for renewal at least one Week in advance. " DVEIlTIHEMENTS.-Oue Ineertion, 15 cents per line; one month, 50 conta' per line; 0ree monthe, $1 per 1Ine; six months, 91 75: twelve month 4. $3. Address THE NEWS AN]D (x)U1ttlR, 19 Broad at., Charleston, H. 0. WEDNESD AY, JULY 7, 188t3. A drgfte, cheques, and postal ?onwy Orders for this paper should be made pay Wbie to the order of The News and C>urier Ompany. IL IJJVS UB T,/1B DAY. The subctriptions received for the erootton of a stamne to Dr. Marion Slmus now amount to over f8,000, sud work will soon be hogun. T'hel into will be t laaed in Central Park, ecw York. Ind;e Hilton's last act of prosorptlion at the Grand Union Hotel, Haratoga, in the ej(etment from the club-roomn of the oxhtb its of over thirty leading druc-houses, whose reprenentaliven were Attending the aunu:al ineetinIg of tie American Inatitutoof itorno . Pathy. 'Tho Mf<dYeal Rect"rd, after dtscuss'ug the rcsulhi of Mhe autopsy hn the remaina of toe itng .f Havaria, tl1nilts that they place hls lit-anilty boy.ond all doubt,aud make iti ute ut1necesEary to suppose that there w. any dark conspiracy in cOnneotiol wit.h his t1R9i0c (id, In ht'lIttea in Florda where the oranco trE a wr-re l vly Injured, and where it wis fertr"d tl:rre wmnti1 bo no fruit this season, ,centtrrtt:g bi,ssoms have frnetlod, ant here Atr I tht re frmt ' 'poaritg, which indicates ti at i to next crop w;ll be nuro if the oomnlug 1 "'e he favorabble. A careful estnimate puts h':; yt ar's yltid at (t00,t'4l0) boxies f,r market. I s i; rnrted that Unnset Cox intends to PN t tip ils Turkish )ntiston in the ;all and r11 It r (ngrecs. Wheir n that dlstiuguitsa1 R11C "' Fin relttre d fromthehal flgilatn it'e t." Jres 1t:en of Now York realtized that l ' y tr d si11 n 1 fl less; int not until his El r "Pc1or, Ti n Cmll.bt iI, appeared .n full ft ither c'Id tliy it rnlzi the extent of their mleforitne. tr Jobn Lubboct, at a receut n '; ttu:1: of a natural science assoctation In I.onda-3u, ex tibt!ed a very t.trrue iet. It wa: a tai e 'wasp which had been in bils poc.t-m for about three n.onths. It a" sumgar fr.am tt hand and allowcd him to stroke it. Toe WIFp had every appearance of health and hap'IlIEFP, anld, altihligh it on1joyet An "out. lt't' ('casIOr.ally, 1' readily returned to Its h1t t'a, which it em'rued to regerd as a home. T. I'. (. ('olmor, M. I'., in his speoal cable gm to the New York lStar on Saturday S'ghi, soic : "Tue prc hablitles seem to in d1icato that the now Parliament will bo pretty much the eame ti Its general comlposition as the one that defeat( t1 iladstOto's hoto rule bill, except that. lh., Utonist elenout may bo a little strorger than in the last House. x'ilnnd requires anothereducational course on the home rule 'inestlon before she 1:11to comes ip to Uladslone's standard." Cavalry rr.tiitentt in the Prnsahln army Ae being carefully drillcd In the art of Swit. ming their horsen nuroas the rivers. At the word "dismount. I" the soldiers divest them Selves of their clothing, whtoh, with their weapons, &e., is placed upon a raft, whith is swiftly ferried ncross the river, while the inen take the horses by the head with one ]land and sWIm with the other. Tao foat Id Said to be performed with the utmost prool Jion anid rapidity, wholo regiments crossing nud recrossaing in tn astonishingly short time. The Philadelphia Rec:rd says: "Under tho low tariff of 18(10 the average o!rntings of Window-glass worlers were $2 1)el (ay. 19ow, with a taritt mlutty averaging '70 per 0(ent., th6~ wages nyerage little If anly mnore t han ha'f thIs su'tu- t 711 in 1880. VThe two mionthtp ithul, dowin oech sum'mer is invaria bly ac('ompianied by throata of 111ill fut,hor redlucitinst, and'1 whenri wotrkmeni becoms too indlldenltthere is the 'ueuaoo of Im ported labor to keep them it subjoot.ion. P'rotoetion Is a g reat 'hir g In the window-glass business -for the manufacturer." l'(mitrtlations in time homor of Rtonget, dt Little in honor of itho Comnte dI Paris wIll not gicaitty alarm the Riepublie. Marseilles aind. the department of the 1.oucos du ithone generally are what Rloyalistu oall a "hot bed" Of tadilcalismi, tad 0one would t'.luk1 flilit render Rtyai'it, dentonstrating rathoc np-bill wiork. Tha Incident shows, however, that the r'rophesied propaigandlsm ha's fol lowed tile exp'niqlons as tlly{i at was ox Peolt'd. It will probaly ho taken up ia varIous parts of tihe Midi where there ist as trueh royally as there was dIsloyalty daring~ te war of 1870-71. Whether it will sab-. Sido as speedily as it has arisen or will be prOoliged in desultory and lintsymIttent, fashIon depe-nds very tuchl en whether It, isi treated With contempt or r'Ostnmnt, l'rivate letters .5tC rec il in Londmoni ftomn trmouble wih' eh has bteen brow~i.ng amlong the (ofiuce of tile nliny stinee Gen. Iloulngr bitn t !. alSsor I hi Sown irnprtancetFtli Ias a to. 10o' in t olities. antd I it iundeniale tht,anil e xloslion of ftictus~ feelIng In one11 or two' ofr tie. gleat garrisons ight precipItate the struggle wvhich men1 or tall oiionls ntowS evi diitly a1t lot liate. Mdeanwilei tho condtmL of the French P'rince.s in England has been quiet and circumispoet. 'l'hie Comate do Paris and( hi5son came to Lontdon on Baturiay to vIsit, the Prince of Wales, who made no sece t of his symupathy with them. 'Tre Comt'e do P'ourtalos, who resigned Is post. tion inl the F"renech embassy as a protest, against the eXpulsionI of this Princes, has been madlie mnoh of in London In conse quencee of his act. One of' the brightest, and ableat of Fbenoh writers, who was tn London lat, weekl, although an avowed liepubltin , wras so indignant at the expulsions that he we lit to LUover and inscribed lia Dame upon the list of VIsItors to the Comite do Paris. "'us the old story, B blunder worsi than a Crime. Armilcaro Cipriani, jusat elected to the now Italan Piarliamen t., is a curious illuist,raton of the coturae polItIes may take whore pop. ular suffrage is in vogue, lie was first, heard of as a SoldIer fighting under flaribald's banner. After tile unfortunate affair of As PramIlonto he managed to make hIs way to II g) pt, and he had not been long there when hte kIil a felow-countrymnan named 8an. lint in a brawl, and two nlattoOivoleonh whbo tried to arrest hIm. IHe took refuge in Car,dia after this expill, but 900on left, that Peaceful retreat to take part In a plot against the Empnioror Napoleon. Hie subsequently partiecipated in the Conmtnune, was taken and Ordered to bo shot: but, his sentence WAS commintled on the ground to one of ton year.' dlepor tation. lie was no sooner a Iree mazi 1L.1 li e returned to Italy, where he tried to start a revolution, Ho was arrested and tried nor 'inJy for his treasonatle proceedings, but for tie nhurder of Santini, and was sentenoed to twrnty-fivo years' imprisonment, With hard laboy. 5'he return of suoh a men by two Italian conatitusencles ts a fact of considera ble gr avit1y; though, as a conviot with twenty y'ears of his sentenee still to Servo, t,hese Is, c1 ceuite, Do qqetion of ble being allowged n str. At.apa2al wesortofs he.ses na1 aQ& .pany, which Was presentea at the reeett meeting in rte, howea that the toelpf for the past year had been 918,000,989, and the expenses s0,204,985,leaving a profit of $O,F05,7a4. The tonnage transported Wa 0,885,788. There should be valuable infor matton for Panama shareholders in these figures. If a canal enjoying the patronage of so.large a part of the world's commerce can earn only $0,805.754, (a very good re turn upon the Investment, it is true,) no many years after its completion, ean the propoFetl Panama (anal hope to earn any more? And how much would the share bolders rocelvo out of $0,805,751 earned by a company whose anuurl luterestobligations are already $0,690,000, although a very smrall pnr of he work of construction has bren dono ? What rate of interest would $0,800,754 pay upon an investme-tof e500, f o,000? What rate would it pay ov-. repon an Investment amounting to $TBS, 000,000, which will be the sum of the Pare ama Company's obligations when it shatl have negotiated the proposed lottery loaan? But it is absnrc to suppose that the receipts derived from a completed canal on the islth mus would, at any time in the next, thirty years, equal the current recoipts of the canal at 13uez. Qovemnor Thonipso* to be theo Asutitant $acrsta,y of the "'reamry. 'I'i " Preiei. .nt ai suloc':id Govorn.r Tfh'tEtsut1:, of';0Udh l'arLlittu, a_t ma:in - atit StCutarv of tiet Tr.wsuy. Til is Uuo of' tht' tuet i: eu Me mt the G:over-m:iett. ries o' the Tres,. r'y. Tbe v a : t i raitk, thcu.: :"- :l v-t, , .$e !t). Ll~ stauk, tho t =:h .'' . est! oy.e ao i1 0 Stctud M t s:' . 'T_ wock of ..!e Tire-asuryv~. der.e:~ usj .' utdoer di:': rctu h";:.s. uh- r - p'artmnent '..: n is :1 Dms'. 'r Bureau, the whle it of the 11vtston-s i.ua. blureaus 'hettt uud "r tho a'te: .i n control of th-" two As.-t sev e rics. Governor Thomp o' LS sai0ed its successor to Mr. S'itb. the Seooud Assistant, and a3 suci w i'i havu coaRot of all ap poiutu:euts under the Treasury dpartineit, and wili have cti.tr e be tside"s of the i ivijions of Pi on Moneys: of W\'arrn i. istitma:es and Appro piiatioi: ; S,ationeury, P'rintiag and Bh ks : I \u,s and Curreyc: Mall and Filts : the Bureau of Printing and En i:raviv., and the omo of the Director of the Niitt. Besides this the Assistant, icretarv signs all letters and papers re huting to thu business of his divisions and bureaus which do not, by law, re qutiire the signature of th1oSocretary him sif. I'neur ordinary circunstanes the functio;ns of Assistaut Secretary of tho Tra1rsury approach in dignity and value to those of a Cabinot oliieor, and the ip pointmient is especially complimontary at the present tune when, in consOuquenco of the illness of Socretary Manning, the ?"oik of the Treasury department must iho cairitd on entirely by tho Assistant Sucretaries. Prce:ident Cloveland, thoreforo, hon ors sigually the South, and South Caro lina, in making the appointment now announced. We think of this tirst, por haps, because it has been the custom of lato to go to the Northern and Western States for fiscal officers of high rank. It can be seen, however, that, whore ca pability and fidelity are asourod-as well as knowledge of, and faith in, the policy of the Administration-thore is a free doim from entanglement and embarrass nient, in appointing a worthy Southerner, which cannot bo ensured when the ofi cer is taken from a Northern or Western State. There are no factions in South Carolina to please or displease. 0ov or nor Trhompsoni is known to bo worthy, and hisa appointment will gratify the wholo State. The maiinner in which tihe selectIon of Governor Thompson came about is most creditable to the President and to him whom he has chosen. Some mouths ago Governor Thompson was recom mended, without his knowledge, forae Fedeoral appointment of consideorablo con sequence, and it was suggested that he should see the President on tihe sub ject. The appointment was then ofr'oredi to Governor Thompson, who frankly told tile President lie must decline, for the reason that he could nlot, at the time, take any action that would require him to resign thte omieo of Governor, with which tile people had honored him. There, it seemed, wvas the end of it. Bunt the President had formed a high opinion of Governor Tihomnpson's intelligence aud- sounda( judgment, and took occasion to ascertain whtat weroe Governor Theompson's con vi(ctionis en tihe subject of thle civil sor v'ico and the currency, and whiat wats his ad inistraitivo experience. 'Thero was no difliculty in showing a natisfactory record on these subjects, but no on:: could divine what the President had in mind. No one suggested or advised the appointment of Governor Thompson an Assistant Secretary, and no hint of tihc P~resident,'s intention waIs given to any one until it became necessary to request Governor Thompson to go to Washing ton, last week, to confer with thle Presi dent and say whether he could accept the appointment or not. Governor Thompson was chosen on his merits alo, and his merli will justify the choice. Governor Thompson has deoidedl te accept the appointment, and, upon his confirmation, will resign the omieo of Governor, which ho has held with honor, and with benefit to the State, for nearly four yearn. It was felt by him that he was net at liberty to deline such arn appointment, unless there wan soe emergency, some imminent danger, that, required hinm to retain his prosent omole ntil the end of his termi. There is no larger emolumont In the offic of Assist ant Scretary of the Treasury than in the office which was doelined months ago, liut the comp1llment to the Stuto and to the nominee is higher, because of the broad Importance of tihe omen. In the opinion of the President, the Unhittc :states requird the serv'ices of Gdoviernor Thompson, and, in the absence of dan.. flee' and comnPlications at home, tho Gdov. :rs or'feels that he ha., no right to refuse to enter upon the ficid of nationat u-seful ness teAhfih is open to him. The State will hoso much in losing Ooernor Thompson, but thed country at .large will gain. We congr'atulaito the Preeilent upon his soloution, which will be tully Juatifiec bythdeht, at VV oarily ooi tul a ;yernor Thqbin son on the $o9gnltop again acoorded him. It is seldom, In a Republie, that they rise rapidly who never seek popu larity, but depend for their sucoess, in publio life, on their fidelity to public trusts, and upon their ability, their fearlessness and their impartiality In the discharge of their duty. There are exceptions, however, which restore and confirm our fnith in our- institutions. Governor Thompson was faithful over few thillgs and is made raler over many things. What was said to.Gov ernor Cleveland, when he was notified of his nomination as the Demooratio can didate for President, can be said with equal truth to Hugh S. Thompson of South Carolina. The Uonig Governor. Upon the resignation of Governor Thompson, or upon his acceptancoof the otfico of Assistant, Soorota-y of the Treas ury, Lieutenant Governor J. C. Shop. pard, of Edgefleld, will become Govor nor of South Carolina. Mr. Shoppard is ouo of the youngest unn in high position in public life in South Caroiua. It was during the ex e'in g test of h,76-77 that he camo evi:spieueusly to t.be ftront, and was, in apprec"iation of his servieos, elected pester ef the Pouse of Roproseuta t1ve. This was fo.lowed., a little lator, by .s utuination and election as Lion "si. Ce.eruce, and two years ago ho ws rermiuated and reelected, Y r. Shepppard was confessedly an able Speuker of the House of Represent ati-es, and has presided with dignity ar-d e-eciency in the State Souate. It is the cl-_uou r verdict that he has proved hu'st' fully e qua to every ot:lcial re -juiretuenr, and we are conrideut that he will treet with dignity, and likowise with itpartiality, the new responsibili tts wlicb so unexpectedly, are to b;t itposed upon him. (overror Sheppard will have the best wish esei the people of South Carollint ft-r hia cen;piete success in his new l et , aid we have no doubt that he will I rcve to le a wor:hy suc essor of ti long line of honorale, capable and loya' gent'emen who have boen Uovoiors e the State. ittfori in the 8thioia. It is the lay of Innovations Ani ox xrents and inventlorns, of buldin.; up and pulling down, of scoutings into the unknown and of divinrrs intothe un fathomable, of establishing now theories and abandoning old ones, The time has arrived, which the prophet f>resaw, when many run to and fro and know ledge is incxeased. We know more than our fatLera, and cherish a socrot wish >at our mothers would not air thei- opinions before comi pany. It is impossible to assent to their antiquated views about things and Iman 1lers, and it is impolite to corroct their errors, even when we can hold our ground against the old, simple arg;u ments of faith and experience. Something now turns up every d%'. Mankind has become as a nest of young birds, always agape for whatever nov olty is offered to thorn, and ready, as a witty but wieked American has .aid, to swallow, figuratively spoaking, a worm or a shingle nail with equal and Impar tial appetite. We are changingourcreels from yoar to year; we are blown about by every wind of1 doctrine, andl know not half tho tinao whether we are on soundings or tho deop sea. Even our household dlogmuas are disputed, and the old familiar beOliefs of our childhood are set at naught by the discoveorien of maturer age. The otton bales at Now Orleans have disappear-ed from the Third Reader. Casabianca Is under a cloud of suspicion. It is doubt ful whether Washington really stood upj, with his arms~ folded and with his foot on the gunwale of that very small boat, In the memorable passage of the Dlela ware, as the early artists would have us believo. In a narrower field the lesson is the same. We have outgrown the laueoo,, and no longer trust to a pill to cure every bodily ill. We no longer refuse food and water to a sick man, no- pro1i up a fainting woman. We (10 not, ex cept in the case of very young children eXT oso their limbs to the winitry cold with a view to hardening thorm, bolng fearful now of stlffening them rather. We ueed to deny them sugar, for- fear of spoiling their teeth ; now we are audvised by o11r medical counsellor to give thiom all they want. We used to put the wvater buoket out of reach, lest they should acquire a flabby, watermelon habit of body ; now we are assured that the pro cesses of digestion and recuperation can not go on without abundance of fluid. Once we sent them to bed hungry, on principle ; now we are pointed to the fact that lions and tigers, puppies and kittena, Sleep soundest after a hearty meal. Once we Insisted upon regular hours for break. fast, lunch, dinner and supper ; now we are confronted with the indisputable fact that cows and chickens eat pretty much all the time without apparent ill conise qluence s. It was formerly the rule, when a boy could not learn his lesson, to in flame his cuticle in spots and streaks by way of stimulating his mental powers ; now-no, by the way, we hold to this beautiful practice still. Many of us wore trained under the self-same system; are the result8 of it, and who are wiser than we? lIut another radica~ change is pro posedl. A thoughtful writer in New .ingland has ventured to sugg'ost that the education of a child means soo thing more than practicing the memnory alone, and that the present systom~ of teaching should be materially miodified In this respect. We all remember how we learned the multiplication table, and the Rule of Three, and the infinito charts of weights And measures, and that abomi nation of abstractions, the inugeniou 'de 1 v'ce for ascertaining what Is the oubo root of a number, whenever you may bo particularly desirous of knowing. We have not forgotten how we acquired the Catechiam and the Ten Commandm,ents and certain of the Psalms, whatever elso we may have forgotten respecting them, The praises of a~ tenacious memory wore dimred into ot arm thrbgtQ jat ?ailoy ohildhood:- and youth. We had A praotiobl dezionetrd tion of its value in the case of the girl who carried off all the prise in history and natural philosophy, and of the .x coptionally olean-faced boy, who, some how, always stood on our right in class, and could not be "turned down." We do not know what has booomo of him since, but still entertain a mild surprise that he Is not in the Legislature. Memory Is to this day the founda tion stone of our whole system of education, in private and public schools alike, and from the infant's class up to the senior class in college. Teachers depend on it, and require or compel their pupils to depend on It. They think that the greatest fault of children is that they forget, and that a retentive momory is' their greatest virtue. It is a profitable lesson for a thoughtful parent any where to take cognizance of the modo in which his child learns its lessons from day to day. The chances are that it will be found that the task is purely one of memoriz ing, to moot the exactions of the mor row, the last lesson being almost as much a blank as tLo next. It is a fact known to many teachers, and to some parents as well, that a child who can rat le otfT all the LiUltiplication tables, for instance, in the order of their ar rangcmont, and in the ordor, therefore, in %ihlich they have been learned, is often wholly at a loss whon sent to the blackboard or to his desk to apply one of those tables in practice. After a while, perhaps after several years, tables and rules become fixed in the mind like so many scars in the sub stance of the : rain, and are novorforgot ten again. l;ut how littloof all the early tasks b-ocome thus fixed, each of us can testify of his own knowledge. The question which Is thus prosoited is ore, we think, which should engage the attention of earnest and thoughtful teachers particulaily. No more honest, faitht'ul and ccr cientious workers are to tc fcund in any profe.ssion Or pur suit. But to no thcer se! of nmeL1 and ni r.'fi in th wc.rid is o trc:t a trust con:n.itt.d. No other workers in a ca:n nluu'v are charg&d with so impartant duity or have so heavy a responsibility restit up'n a :i. The errors *-f tho 3 stem unerr : wh ich thev labor are not strictly th<ir errors. They are thon selves the viji:s of c,''l errors, if errors there were and are, and it is etsier to move in the old wars than in paths of our own mai ng in any eccupation. If there aie ary crrers in the present sys tern, however, they must be detected by the teachers. Reform must come from within the school-house, since it is sepa rate and secluded .omi tho world, and there can be no aid, scar..uly a sagges. v even, from without. It is a subjoet, therefore, for intelligent and original thought and investigation on the part of those who reign supreme in this important sphere of work and duty. Teatimiony as to ills observed is itself a valuable contribution to the work of iul provement. Experiments carefully made may lead to unforeseen 'results of the greatest value. Comparison of notes at teachers' meetings may bring light and aid from the most unexpected quarters. And every step gained in the direction of progress towards better methods and truer ends is worth all it may cost in the pr("tnt, while it may lead to cease quences oif good for the next generation of men and women, of which no hint is giver in the first feeble venture. Them Burnter Me4ttaag. Thcero is much to commend and some thing to condemn in the utterancos of the spenkers at the meeting of farmers of Sumter County, hold In Sumter on Friday last, The oflicial action of the meeting, as expressed in the two sets of resolutions finally adopted, was marked by stroing common sense and prudence, and will command general approval. Upon the first p)oint--aq to what was said by some of the speakers that de serves to be comnmended-it Is not neces sary for us to dwell. It is right anid proper anrd wiao that the farmers of the State should meet together in large or small bodies, as often as practicable and desirahrle, to examinr and discuss the condition of their affairs, "to see what "ails them,," arnd "to agree upon meas "urrs to bring relief." It is doubtful whether true pirogress and( improvement can be secured so rapidly in any othor way, and ifsuch, meetings could be organ ized and estab'ilshod in the State, In tho C'ongresslon al districts, in the counciLies, the precincts, and even In small neigh - borhoods, a most important and prom is ig step would be taken in the direc tion of educating those farmers who have yet many years of life and work, and possible usefulness, before thera, but who have passed the age when they can go to a college of any kind. Any plan that will Induce the farmers to assemble at stated1 intervals, at convenient placos5 and seasons, for the disacutsson of wvhat eversubjects relatc. to their Interest, can not fail to effect good results; and If practical discussions of farming as a business, andl of the hoest modes of culti vation, together with a free and frull ex change of experienceos ini the manage ment of crops, cattle, and farmig affairs generally, were engrafted upon the pro gramme of the p)roceedings at such umcotings, there can be no question that considerable benefit would quickly ac orue to all who should take part in the discussions or even attend thorm. Organ ization will bring the farmers together, and that is a great point gained. It may be safely left. to the care of thme Iiteill gent and thoughtful anid experimental men of their number to introdluco subm jects profitable for consideration, to stimulato ad keep up the interest ini them, and to provide for the dissmirna. Hion and utilization of the knowledge thtus gained, Thie farmer who knows how to make three bales of c.ottonr where ht Is nolghbo)r can only make twvo; or who knows how to make three dlollars ont his farm when his neighbor cant make only two; or how to save one dollar whore his neigh. bors can save nothing, has someothnug of imnor tanen to toll hi t ,,8.hbo.. ....c. th sr,lobe gsk tb 15etW. W@hl+Op01 tlion of fils plin Will diiuiU be*liolornt to ensure its adatlon, and it, by its adoption in ' any and every case, tho condition and affairs of all aro brough up to the highest line in oaoh oom-" munity; and if this work of upllft Jug can be extended throughout the whole State, it is evident that a tro iondous impetus will be given to the whole farming interest, and that general improvement will bo the siuro result. For thoso reasons, and for these ends, the organization of the farne s through out South Carolina promises most dosir ablo results, and should be encouraged and promotod in every way by the friends of the farmers and by the farmers themselves. As to the second point-what there was to coidemn in the speeches mado at the Sumter neeting-but little, happily, is required to be said. We think that Mr. W. R. Thomas was greatly in error in some of his remarks, which wore oalett lated, at least, to "array one class of oiti "zons against another," oven while ho deprecated that result. Io was assuredly rig ht in saying that itis not. to the intorost of tho farmers to war upon any body of thcir follow.itizens. It was Just its certainly wrong in claining that the merchants, who are well-nigh dopondent upon the farmer for their oxistonco, have "no interest" in the farmer's lands. If it be true, as Mr. Thomas says, that the merchants control the most of the farming lands and crops, it is apparent that they have as deep and vital interest in their preservation and success as the farmer himself has. It is to the imme diate interest of the merchant, in this view, that the lands shall nol "depreciate "in value," but shall be maintained at their highest producing capacity. But we need not insist upon the con tradiction into which Mr. Thomas has betrayed himself in this instance. Another error was in saying, that be cause "all other classes combine for the "protection of their interests," so shout the farmers combine, if they would not be left. behind. No class in this State, excepting the fs:rners, has comn bined to protect or promote its in. terests. or at r"y rate, has organized for that purpc.se, and there is no dispotl ticn so tc combino that we know of. All clse in South Carolina are mutually it.terdepeudent, and the interest of no class can suffer materially without affect ing every other interest. For this rea son, if for no other, the peoplo of the state, i ithout exception, share the do siro of the farmers to improve their con dition, and '"ierchants, lawyers, doe "tors,'' and all other citizens as well, re gard with interest the present farmers' mnovcment, and wish the farmera success in the attainment of the objects they hold in view. Do the farmers desire, as Mr. Thomas says, to throw off tho yoke ,of the lieu law? There is no power, or inclination, in the Stato to prevent them from so doing. The efforts alroady made ti th!s direction have failed, not beoause the farmers have made no organized move ment to that end, but because they have not agreed among themselves as to the desirability of repealing it. If the farmers really desire a Farmers' College they will meet no opposition, outside of - their own ranks, to the establishmont of such an institution. If they "pay si: "times more taxea than the nmerohauts," this can only be because they have sIx times as much property. If their repro aentativeu ini the Legislature have not been selected for their -capacity and dis pOitiou to repre'csent the farmers' in terest, the farmors have themselves alone to b)himo. And if legislation gen.. - orally has not been such as the farmers desire, this certainly is not the fault of the minorit-y of a body In which the farmers have had a working majority, as has 'been shown, for many years. Friuit-GroainIg in tihe Stat. The story told in Tun NEws AND COUmU1': to-day, respecting the melon patches, orchards and vineyards ol' Iarnwell and Aiken Countios, Is full of valuable suggestion. What has hocon donre in thai section of the State in the profitablo cultivation of niow crops, can be accomplished in every othor county in South Carolina. The Wenther and, the Oropa. 'The recent rains and floods have in lured seriously the crops in every part of the Sitato, aind particularly in the uip country. Oats have been nearly entirely destroyed, and, in the bottoms, the corn is swept awnsy. Cotltou is injured seimo what, but is not irretrievably hurt,. The p'rospect is not bright by any means. F"armers *yho have hadC three bad years in suiccossiont are not disposed to lbe cheerful when a fourth bad season confronts them. We hope, however, that, with flie weather hereafttr, much of the lois n Ill be repaired, ana that the result will beo more favorable than is now expected. If not, our courageous ar1(d persevering farmers will not be to blame, Both Carolina 1,n omgrena., In the honse of Rtepresentatives, on Wednescay last, Mr, Dibble mado a short Sreteh In oPPosition to a paragraph Ia the sundry civil bill equnallzing t,he corn mu tai on for Rations of enlisted mion in the sig. 11a1 service. Hie albonffred aubstit,ute for the some paragra ph, the substituto omitting the words that fixed the comnutton attono price for all lthe enlisted men In t,he signal service, In the House, on1 Thursday, on a moction to refer the Die, MoInes Rtiver land bill and the President's veto thereof to the Judiciary Commit I ee, liesure. Dargan, Dlible and Perry Voted "ape," Mr. T1alan voted 'no." M iqaars. Alke n, liemphll and t3maliu did nlot Vite . On 11be ml0lon to piass the bill over I,ha VCl Ir. Til)nfan voted "ai o," Messrs. 1Dr ~ )tbio end Perry voted "noe." Mar Aic~,Jmpfhhi and Smnatls did not yote On an amenmnt to the hundry civil bimi appropriating $103,000 for comiplettng tha fcundation of and inaugurating the sltt,u oLiberty eilghtening the world, Which rcn,ente was lout by the clos9 vote of yeas 3ote ay (,' M essra. liargan and Tilliman A'Yken'n y," Mr. l'erry voted "no." 1!essr,. Aote, ,Dible, iemphill and Smalhs did not In the Senaf e, onm Thnrsday, on an amend makt to the legislative appropriation biil, rakng thre salaries of certain atuditors ~ notead 01 $1,000, Senator Uatnpton matd ap.' Benator Butler W.s absent, Th am endmnent mjas .-jet.- y.. 1_ n.y. 2 vanced from?7! tE U914a, George. 1, 8seer, )'k ot aol!* Wall street w hirpgpevorat tesgpj p his financiat fti, a I$ an p tt met a)l of Ats obligations. Hon Butler it sid to bank anht, fre* eoventy-flve to a hunored and twenty-ivg thousand dollars. .a .tbe not proeed$ og itls law practlce. Ex-Governor Hoadly veluteers tileobeer Ail lnformatlon that under the preNent .p.4 portionment the Ohio Democrats are *a$ o1 six Coibreasmen. Under the one in oxlst. once two years ego they had eleven m'oanberaq Peter Elwangor, a market man at BoyJe* niarket, Louisville, it the possbssotf a itve dollar coined in 1801, whioh he tota4ed .4 sell for $800. The ooin vtme into,hte pQsgeg..; sion through an aged relative in InGia; who has owned it for over fMfty years. Tltre are but seven pieces of this date in existence; and they are valued at 01,000 each by ooirz epileotors. The HtWphons Monument Association og Georgia has purchased "Liberty Hall," Alexx ander H. Stephens's old home, and built a' school-housoopposito it, In which a sehool to in prosperous operation; but the Assootatiotp ban not been able to pay for the property, nor bas it raised any money for the proposed monument. Dollar subscriptions are to bhi soliited throughouttheState, and ItIs hopet that $10,000 will be secured. The news of Mr. H.13. Cox's impending re-e turn caused no surprise in Washington. .It has been an open secret for a year that MrI Cox had a return of his old lung trouble; which was the prime cause of his sojourn at Constantinople and his vieit to Egypt last February. Ho Is now entirely restored, and it, was well understood that when that oc" eurred he would be ready to come back and take his place in Congress. And he will be. welcome.. Representative Scott said to a friend thati the President is the most patientand persist., ent fisherman he ever know. The catph wail mainly hogflsh, which were taken from a yawl belonging to the Corair. By actual count the President took in more flsh thaw Mesere. Soott, Vilas and Blusell together; But this was because he attended strictly to the business of flshing, while his more ant mated companions were disposed to have a good time in another way. A grand scheme for a national expo3tioix to be held in Washington in 1892, the four hundredth anniversary year of the disoov cry of America by Columbus, is proposed by prominent citizens of Washington. The proposition is that the Government shal. erect on its park permaneut struotures which arc ncded, as an American museum, an. American art gallery and agreat public hail, and that the rtatos and J'"rrltories and other American nations be invited to erect build ings. MEn who :ave kept tally of the 825 Con-' grerssional districts throughout the country, and who have figured upon thosedlatriots where nominations have not yet occurred; soy that about one-half or t t present House of Bepresetntivcs will to returned by the approeching elections. In agreat many die. triots throughout the country the two-terrn rule h.s been disregarded, and men are sent during gcod behavior. It very often hap rens, it seems, that 'good behavior" does not run longer than two years, and morn t,at; twenty-flve districts have been changing their Representatives every two years for some time. Mr. Blaine's friend, Mr. H. C. Parcon,s, hliI t:een arguinr before the House Judiciary' committee upni the propriety of adopting the bill now aefore Congress for the United. States to aot between Virginia and West Vir ginia upon the debt question. This is really a proposition for the United States to free Virginia from the load of debt falling upon her by the separation of West Virginia. It will be remembered that Mr. Blaiae in his book came out boldly and advocated the pay ment of this vast debt by the General Govern-. ment, holding that it could never be made a prec.dont as there could never be a par allel. Foreigna Eche. According to th3 Reue &ofen(tflqs the credit of discoverir.g that zymnotic diseasca are due to germs belongs not to M.Pastourr or any of his c<mtemporaries, but to a Dr.. Goiffon, who d'ied at Lyons more than a oan tury and a haif ago. Golde'n's work on t,he "Origin of t.he 1'lague" was publied ia 1721. In a special eablegram to the New Yoric B1ar, on Friday night, T. 1P. O'Connor says: "Looking over to-day's battle, it is inmpesale -* ble to base on it any prediction asto the final remilt. It will be remembered that the lasta election began similarly with impressIve Trory victories, and that day after day, as the list of Liberal defeats increased, the pros pects of a sweeping Tory triump)h grew until the beliof became general among outsiders that Gladstone was buried (but of sight. Yet when the titie began to turn, how Swlitly the figures were reversed and Gladstone's follo v ers sent back to l'arliamnont a powerful mt jority. Bomethin g of the sameo sort is posi. bly about to be witnessen now. (Cortainly, nothirig has so far occurred to discourage 1110 friends of home rule." The Anti-Bome I'ulers, whO bad put down London as 'ill for their side, are beginning to be Ightennd- it is an easy matt,er to gather 10,000o or 15l,000.meu to hear Homo Rtule orators and that is saying soinething~ for this old conse, Native stronghold, Thre Conservatives likeowise find that theefrootc of (iladstone's tour in Mcotlanrd are likely toi hold over. May. Chtamberlalin will attempt u, rerien of repairs in the north, but the dilt1 culty he has in kecoping his orowds quiet will preo ent his making much headway against; the titde. I'arnell elso will be in his immiedal ate vicinity, and while Chamberlain trios to fire, tRho Nationalists will quench, The re fusal of Tories to support, the revolt,ing Lib - erals instead of putting up. their own eandle. didates increases. The ourtlook for Glade stone is better than it, was a week ago. The burden of the work that tells is being done by the Gladstone speeches and the Irish, to-. gether with an able knotof itadioal workers, At last there are distinot, signs that ICgypt 1.s beg inning to recover from the Joint, effects of Eurepean intrigue, Arabi's rebellIon antd the itoudanese revolt. The Uairo treasury has5 become so ailluent that it actually oilers to eath coupons several months in advance, a mairvejlous chaan go from June last year, whena it seemed to be a serious question whether the l{hedive would not, have to declare him self a bankrupt. It is further shown by the prosecion of the inquiry into the alleged D)aira frauds that the reign of privileged oor.. raption Is drawing near its end. These who onght to be well informed on the matter make no scret of their opinion that both. the Unata and the Domnalnes estatefl wVouldl, if economIcally and honestly ad m,ristored, yild far more than the interests on~ the loan~s for which they are hypotheoated. IVOt less Ctons picuous lis the limprovemrent la the polltieal statns of the country. From Suini and Wasdy Halfa comes tihe intelli gence ibat the Ar-abs are showing a marked disposil ion to make peaCe and to begin trade , The hrappy change u hieb has thus come over the iuatio,n iiu both the Eastern and West-, am Sourdan aflords st-rong' dorroboration of Mukhtar F'asha's theory that the ArabS would never drop their weapons so long st5 lhey were confronted by infidol warriors iloth tiukim and Wady Haifa are now gar risoned exllusively by Egyptian troops, and t is undoubtedly the ease that the disape pearanen of the lBritish soldier has been. luickly followed by more friendly relat,iong l'ith the tribes,