The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, December 31, 1919, Image 9
- XLAURENS. SOUTH CAROLINA, WEDNESI)YAV, DECEMBER 31, 1919
EVENTS CF 1919
PASSED IN REVIEW
World Found Great Difficulty in
Returning From War to
Peace Conditions.
MAKING THE GERMAN TREATY
Europe In State of Ferment, Whilo
tdie United States Was Struggling
With Grave Industrial and Eco
nomic Problems.
By DONALD F. BIGGS.
After nearly five years of frightful
warfare, in which all of the great pow
iera 1an1d many of the smaller nations
had been involved. the worli found it
diflicult to return to anything like nor
tllni1 condions during the year 1919.
Wbl!e the armistile which was signed
In the closing weeks of 1918 brought
a cessatIon of hostilities between the
two groups of nations that had been
engaged In the great struggle, it did
not bring peace to nll the peoples In
volved. Techncally the world still
was at war throughout practically all
ft the yonr just closed Itas the peace
treaty which was framed in ParIs
after months of negotiation could not
he made fully effective until ratIlIed
by the great powers and formally pro
mnulgated by the peace conference.
iailure of the United States senate to
ratify the treaty, because of opposition
to the covenant of the League of Ni
tics. which was made it part of the
peace treaty, prevented the formal
deelaration of peace until more than
a year after the armistice was signed.
Internal dIsorders and territorial
disputes arising from the establish
ment of many new nations kept a
large part of Eiurope in turmoil. Such
a complete reini ing of the map of
Nrope as restulte( from the grent war
naturally coul not he liecomttiplisied
without frietion. The great empire of
Ast rI-Irinitgary had fallen 1 o pIeces
with the dIfeat of the central powers
and out of the wreektge new states
arose. These new nations--Au strin,
Hungary, Poland and the Czech and
.tgoshiv staIes-could not establish
their new, hounnri es witIout friction
:imong theinsolves and with their
neighbors. The new government of
(termany. whih hind been transformIed
into a re4 imbhi Ic. wit st;Ivin to t main
Inin Ilslf Agn:hirist the nitlinks of radi
(Ma1 el0rnts. Russlia was torit by
'Ivfl s- rife, with halIf a dozei groups
fighting for tlie mastery. At times
*orld pec seeie still far off. but ns
we yeir paissedil condiltions beenmte
mnore setIled 11nd It seimlell prolhihie
that with the formal promulgation of
the enc t reaty th0 chaos 1i10 whleh
iurope hlind been thrown would pass.
In) the I ,:tited States conditions were
iot so unsettIled as it he nation- that
had ien tIon !or ,erngaged inI the war.
but hero. is In Rui rope, the transition
from a wiir to n pence hasl was not
enasry. New Indtustrial problems had
been eredti. Th-e h gh cost of livin
2reiednhor to taike insistent and re
pented deranditis for higher wages andl
resulted lit nutmroroois strikoas aimion4
Hll elasses of workers. Ia i n lend
irs too~k adivaniige of the utnrest that
exlstedl to recruIt theIr forces amra
tlthey beenmte so a tive thatI the enn
artltnted authtorities of the iiatlrn
fInnily found It niecessn ry to inkei de
termirteid steps to suppress isloyatl
The Making of Peace.
'The first steps toward the orgai
ation of the peace congress were
thken ottninury 12 when the su
premne watr counrcil. tmembhers (if whilth
were P'rieshlent Wilson and1( Recret ariy
Yamsinug of Ithe Un it ed 81Sttes, andl thle
pwrtmiers anual foreign riniisters of
GireaInt frit. tFrnnee andi hitaly, to
gether wvIth Mu r'hnI Fochi ntal mill
nary representt ives of the seveiralI
power's. btegani i ntaI contslidertion of
the terirs of peacee to he imiposed upon01
tbe central powers. TPhe pen(e con.
wress Itself. wvithtout dlelegies fromt
the diefeatied powers or Ihuss-la tiet it
the miistry of foreign atftalrs it
T'tris on ,innuary 18. PresIdent WVil
son proposedi Premier Clemienceatu for
permanenit 'hnliman of the confer
mnce andi the dlelegnites electedl him bty
imanimrouts vote. It was determined at
the beginning that only thei five great
belliger'nt Itowers. the Urnitedl St ates,
r-etf firitIin. Prnne. Italy inil ,itntant
shouhld take' part In all meetings of the
conference nnd comeontu.uor to he ap
pointed ;that other helligerent and ats
soclited powers shouldl patrtleipnto
only in letinigs at which qutestlions
eoneerninig thiem were to lbe disctusseid.
As thi' relpresentiitives of thei maity
helligeren:t liitions ent ered upon the
tusk of biriging teince to the wvorid
1Ctrope uns In turmoil. P'olati wast
beingr renrstIt uteri ad the fixsing of
her boaundti cis guive rIse to ntumy con
trover.-len bat wietn thte [Poh's andti sur
roundikng ineoples.' Th'le n'stlon of
a Leagu(e of Nations should
b ated is a invatus ofr preventii
"fit i.! warlis was one of the fir: to be
n ip by thle peace conf erenie'e. ()I
_" 1 N. y 25 thIIe I onfren e form.)I IvX
' vi o favor of the ("Onlishi1(n'ten
el tn(i f Nat11onls. nld :1 voml
t::: b ranl,, w ail s 1 I lt Ied tI ire
l'"re &fulle pla . The -~nguel fi
Nsiti.--. r ontission held Its first meei
in:: - .. :'hrtanry :1 wilid o hrtutry 1-4
I , obr- Wilson Vend aund etillit
to jt ine c Ionference t drift of ti,
Cttbs2t n I' for Ot Letigue of Nations
The : a ro'''le for iii executive
. I-: h1 iu uom sed of relreseita-!
I :--.s er n'n : un o nild for tn finter
!!Ition: I seretatrial. It was proiVlin(eI
:ho t dr e!< ti. of thI ex(I.tive o l l
shoilblI bI ID ot'eed -f neYnr, by
"rh prewnioi of all finaniiclai. Comn
miwei' fir per.;snal inerourse" he
tweert-v thw nationl falilintg to) ahidlo by
ite !e 'eion and aIl other iiviiemheir
1ta4 tes of the 1I.ngtie of, Natiouns.
On the %amli daly thait hie presented
this plain to the peace confecreiice Pres
blent Wilson sailedl for the Uilled
Stai I(to attend tle closing seps' Iol
f coil:.:rss ft Wiishingtonl. O)pposl
ti on to t hre I ncorplora tioi of the Leogue
of Nations cove-inaIIIt iiI tI pinie treaity
already hld developed in this courtry,
unti President Wilson, upon his return,
delivered tn adiere6s at Bjoston In
which lie emphasized the nece;lty of
the United States taking a lending
part In the organization of the League
of Nations.
Meantime the peace conference was
endeavoring to reach a solution of
several other vexing problems. A bit
ter dispute had arIsen between Italy
and the new Jugo-Slav state as to the
possession of the eastern coast of the
Adriatic. The Italians demanded pos
session of the city of Fliume on the
ground that its population was largely
Italian, while the Jugo-Slavs main
tIlned that possession of this port waq
esseItiatl if their newly organized na
tion was to have access to the sea.
The Japinllese delegates also gave
an early indiention of their attitude
by insisting upon Jlpan's right to re
tain the Marshall aind Caroline islands,
which she had taken from Germany.
President Wilson returned to Paris
after spending little more than a week
In the UnIted States. Witli his arrival
In France oil Mareh 1.1 the peace con
ference began considterat ion of recoin
tiatiil I los by variotus comilittees.
id tlin' Inonec tetIy Iegin to take
definite shmpe.
On Iti lich 21 the conIell of ten
whclh il Ieii consideritiz tii, chIef
problelms before. the pien'e conie ee
vias replhtei by a coiniell of four. eoni
aisting of IIo'sidenut Wilson 11ne(l Pre
miers Iloyd G(eorge. Clonenemuii iiand
011:111do. irom thit ti p to the
nelultil sigilng thi l peace treaty all
of thel prob114lets arising were dlisposed
of' by Itiils counell of four. iII which.
at tlmes. the premier of Jalpan iilso
partlielpated.
The revised covenant of the Legue
of Nations was ireseited at it PIlenlary
session of the piWeet (n11f'erlletc oil
April 28. Preident Wilsoi. It, (air
man of the coitission whiclh framd
fthe ('lveliia, I.exp0Ilaied (thle (chi anges
tIIaI hd been itde. tustly as ii result
of crileIlsm inI the Utilted SIales. (One
of the t'ost importnit of thel iiidi
mlentix Inlade was t haIt prov lidlnu lint
the eonvenaillit sholId not affect 'Xisting
itiidtrstaidinigs f oif rl, m Int iininIt:i awlice.
WhliIle' it was1 riot so sltt ed peeliientty,
this nmifenthuent wa ditesignied toi pre-l
ven It the Ima:guie of Nittionis 'ovenani~lt
from lnt erfering with Ithei Mon roe doe
trine. Tlhe revised covenant was
ndoptedl by'114 the unaimous11 vote of1 the
tpeace con fe'rence ''.
Oni AprIl 30) thle conniell of four.
wiich by t hIs tIime hod beeni redthiteed
to a councll of three by the with
dlrawnl of' ther Itallans, agreed to
transfe" to Janpani the Gertian posses
aion of Klauii-('haui. The C'hilnese dele
gation objectedl streitously to this set
hlemient, althbough .Iipatn iigreed ulIh
malftely to restore the territory to
China. On May (1 the cotuncit deter
mined( that (Great B1rlia auniid her colo
nites nndl(011 do lnons should become
randatory for the Isltands north of the
equator,
11y May 8 the trenty had flinnity been
comrpleted( andl on lihit date tt w"as
piresented to the Glermatn plenilpotetn
tinries ot Versallies. 'i' pact. wblie
imepresente'd chiefly the deliberations
of thle connel of four, had beenu iadott
ed by ni conf 1erence in whieh 27 nilled
ind associated powers were re'presenlt
ed. At the sa me I time it was uit
niIoncedl thaiit Presient WViI won 11n1
P'rermier Lioyd Gieorge' had nielztiatl
trenatles with triince provtino' thnt
the UnIted States nod Orent firltnino
woulid come immledlin t(ly to thle n seist
nnce of ("rndece in case oft any fture
unrrovoked aittnek by Glermnny Wh'len
ihe penflce treaty wnvs submitteel to the4
Glermns the Ttuai~nn dlelegn e' we.r'
plresenrt, haiiving ret itrned to Po"ris tn
re'spornse to anf in vitaion1(1 e eitende hiv
PresidE'nt WiVtlsoni indo Prieielrs 1. lovd
Gedorge' uand ('lemneennl.
Thelo Germoan delegonte' were not pr
mIiled to dilscuis' t' Lpeace irenuts with
V'ontinued on .uecomid P'. iiin seIn.
MEIN ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ " -il] -il W. mr 7'.na secretary ATNI0NG , - 1
CONTINUE S''lIKE of Ili' steel strikers. Mr. Foser snflAiT
llat it was lls ohlllon Ihat file menl Yo should have one of 0u Gara- e Assortnients containing
('levelant!, 0., ec. 27.- il1ifteen Mi , - wee iali' a wi ninin. filght and l hat. I00 1 s. if sta Nni- Nuts, 1olts, 1 iivet-. Cap Screws, S3tudis, Spring
dato complamnt of seiIrto r of steel was n o -reni o \achine and W l crew a ot.her uisof I
10i.l111 to contfintle onl -trike and to) re(- ev" dele o( i-. tich ! too nu11inerous t~o mn tionl.
inain away from leir forter emjiloy- Whien th' strike war called 20,000 All iice'((ssary in the iy '(lit". of the stecessfrl gartge.
nient tilltil the strike is won, or oflic- mien 4luit work Iere. Many of these T ouli will cost, you $7.K 0. b. Db eroit, Micl. We hnvo am
ialbv tleelared off by.I the national ofie.. thave founl eriploymnltill. il otlier as irtn ient in i ou wiil . wi 1h w Vill 1 1lad to sliow yol,
er. callings and sonC are said to have whichV will give ,o011 14l idk , vi li his assortiitut 1q.
'I'lie 'c irfoii to y ia n idle W retirued to work il oI'e steel ilil s. COLUMBIA SUPPLY COMPA4Y
revach('( a'tor they bad heard the 'ic Th i'ss ini Somie of II~ liplanlts.
reijort of two of their iIImber who the nianufactirers claim, is lue .r.82. WES T GER VAIS S T1?EF T, C'0I.UMIf3A, S. C.
1a l ha l * nt to PItt sburg to confer to a vhorta..,e of coal than to lac of -1_-t_
FAREWELL TO 1919
The Year 1919 has passed out upon the whit! fleeting
wings of Time. The past is now history; the future lies
before us. Let's all gather up a big heart full of energy,
with light feet, and by the help of God march forward, de
termined to make 1920 a better and more prosperous year.
WE WISH YOU A HAPPY AND PROSPEROUS
1920 NEW YEAR 1920
THE HOUSE OF BARGAINS
RED IRON RAKET
Sells Same Goods 15 Sells for Cash and Gives
to 35 Per Cent Less You Your Money's Worth
SMILE AND BE HAPPY
Buy Your Goods of J. C. Burns & Company
and You'll Be Happy
A Happy New Year Letter to All
In I1van1 n there are no( gub- thtInlakes lienvi. inllil -H hv--alrmh- m akues
Hlell. G;rnmlbllImL is the ehl)ira tristiv thlat belongls 1) i universa ,l humanitv1%. The fr-st man11 in fit( -
Edenl 1hail cv(. rY w lit fulfiled, had v yv ileg ;o-,omb11to hi l b t l <o of t r mf .
Hre.le gralinbledj herwause he dhdl not have that..11 1:'n- ..unlig t him Paranliso.
.he fir't thing. a hy does is to ra ise a howl an I make ; kik. We an- ll on kl.-iher Nob ,h -
h'kes lha bsies, no inatier whit that busiI1ss is. T - tur imn t1alk, un- '-m all losing m l'y. T. drY
-.4ol ..in1,11 say, s businless i., n1ot wha! ;t uisol to be, is; jrllorn mon0111y every y.-m-- In- c- s flne vi-hha
his wile we: -s dii ititol s; the.\ )w thei? own atmll o .il'. :1i lan- Ia t e by tw 'a - ill li.' os
I" il l,, ip'. It is Ihe sa'ni.. with tIh- doetors, the ia' s. n111d -n inl every pifessli n. 1T1 4-1, Ill- tml' i
er the man I you llnk wouild he contei! is fiw( gre- tst -m l'of, th.m al 11 111 sea.Ir is drv --u
will Ilot take sed Ihis ye;u-:'' i t IIh ay n 1our(ml- n tn. ha-n "W-, -- will thu ' -(.
l vIlthiIIgI htr mu- sl11', there 'a no us' haiving it.'' No' l w t s h is s n ti llow I he' sn li o1 hl' i .
I here arv ifrI l I ler; i vver-Y volcationl .111d liwationl. Timre are.( 11nore grum1bler-; in the 111mw1 than111o
whbere ani eimjoy Irieshl vidls amilI purie air. Youi tfo- whie'n you1 .Mi' therei', t he' p41- is bIly v tIll' pm~
ih' are the' tuOst vuila uI e(ll(ver satw, thio hood is stale, the lilte ':-o. m her -llhi e Ipllm by y111a' is an I
E'v4vrybody knows how a worik onelh toI be doneI' 4N>l2'I Itrl u-ii- W -(In Phlswil a i'e ii'it Ist
siting', t hat ts youi impro)ve, eve'ry bo!y else andl er -:-' ii h ing elsi' steems t o impr->v a IV't h It .'ue itl tim lit'
ltl ir p- somie prieslipt Ots for ei-iell grttublin:: Tlo lie rightl. Thli ta ny waVile t.o
I'' sn-'(t-sitritedl an11d gentIl I is to Iiae ri..ht. Whl -, I )Vid I ts Ht li ving. iuriht. he wav:g ready to kill1
llave tnhe ai'is batifuil is yotu ent mai~ke it. If 'ii m-e' a itlhiitl p>-:tst \'lll b. P'- i,'Il~k
evenl il shie I i'rather'b hly~t'. Priaiste hem' ('ookmbg th11 ' VII. Give hier the samiei love-like ill'
is It'he bst lltisn youI (ver! 10uu, Ino nmlitIetr hiow ma i you y'ae lu~ul. Ik- ear befubl ofi Vw-loa y'o a
.sleP 5QJ. lhe W-Ir 1( IS gom 1~e PrazyV foi'r lk of sl ep, ft wiants f resh, wide (-atwake eole n' thi hab1:t1it Ilf
hemili. than1kfu~l foir what yo41u lve. Whent yoti are'm ialeiill beenualSI y(11 he (ll ltitlil hlt (I he
pIoplei haive', I tiunk ofi then ihmm-' thiey have you4I woi'd NO T like to4 havm~e. h~e lik' 1114 oh! Womta who
hadt~ oly~ t wI) tet'h, lb.ut1 said shle was thankfulI that they werie opplosit e Ito ea(ch (qthet'. f non-r'! pit a erip
p)le or a bl1un1 i man t hat my hear't is inot lifPled in thankfuliness that I have soundl( Imbs. uI~ ('ves thait (cani
(. Get into thle habit of t !king fe'' sw'etneIss an I Iight. Peoplet uismuallyfn is'ha l lotk fotr
'ile lno ' ietad 11he 8luzzard1'( ha.ver together' illn te air:. hn' goels s1ir:ighlt toI a r-ose er-denl inl tie distaiie: thle
th r li'o a dei irat a nule1( away. h~ook Cfor sweet ness ma il li.rht matil you1 wil 11i1) 1!ee'wt''.(iatitlld
and( bette', give refreshinig tsu' Ibiad btoulrinets to thI - dumsty~ plilgr'imls alonig. lif'e's higrhways
W'.'llNfI YOli AND) YO'RS . ITAPPY NE~ ' YEAR\I pI"1, oP 0001) ('IEhgg
lrml a friendlc I. . lI'R~N8.
i oafin. F,.llB' S&COIP Y