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THE COMPLIMENTS OF THE SEASON. TILLMAN AND M'LAURIN PAY THEIR Rl:SPECTS TO EACH OTHER. "When Greek Meets Greek, fJ lien Conies the Tug of Wur." TUK SENIOR ON THH JUNIOR Tillman Makes Charges ot Din honesty ? Declares McLaurin Without Conscience. Replying to a request for Iiis opinion on Senator McLaurin's speech at Char lotte, Senator Tillman spoke as follows in an interview at Ins Ionic in Tren ton : "It is contradictory, full of para doxes and seems intended to pave the way for the Senator's passage into the Republican camp. It may excite sur prise outside of the .State, but the only thing which astonishes us here ? his continued effort to pose as a Democrat. Democracy has a broad or general meaning and a Bp< local mean ing an applied to one i . the great nn tional parties. M> i ulleague says, 'My definition of Democracy is liberty for man formulated into .-i theory of gov ernment; it menus man's inalienable ownership of himself. It inean? free thought and free Speech. This is not the definition given In any dictionary, nor is it the definition given by Jeffer son, and It is only intended to justify the .Senator's desertion of his party, his treachery to its principles and bis betrayal of the people of South Caro lina who have trusted him. The Kan sas City platform is the only embodi ment of Democratic principles that can now be recognized and no man can be considered a Democrat who ignores the principles and policies laid down in that platform and persistently votes with the Republican administra tion in both its foreign and domestic policies. "Senator McLaurin iterates and re iterates the charge thai the 'new De mocracy' is a sectional party and then truthfully claims that the South which in the last campaign was alone Demo cratic, 'is the American end of Ameri ca.' Strange that because of this fact and our veneration and love for the principles upon which, our government rests that this 'broad American states man1 and new born Democrat of a hitherto unknown type should coun cil our people to 'accopt conditions as they arc and make the most of them.' "Senator McLaurin declared in '98 that McKinley should be reuominated by acclamation,' and if bis speech means anything it means that the De mocratic party ought to surrender all of its traditions which he claims are 'long since dead,' become an echo lo the Republican party, endorse its foreign policy as well as its domestic policy, ship-subsidy, large standing army and everything, and subside ab solutely as a Democratic party. "If the administration policy in every respect is right, what need is there for the Democratic patty as a political fac tor? I have never believed that my colleague would dare face the people of South Carolina in any political cam paign again, knowing what 1 do about him, but as be indicat ? bis purpose to still masquerade as s_, ?moerat and while attacking me e h thc ' as one of the 'leaders' Of the < d new De mocracy, it is Iiis put c to lend our people into thc Republican camp, duty compels me to speak out and tell cer tain things. "Mr. McLaurin made in the Senate, January, 1899, a speech which was as ultra and as pronounced in its denun ciation of the acquisition of thc Phil ippines, and portrayed the many dan gers which threatened our country in consequence, as an}- ever delivered in that body. Up to Saturday night be fore we voted on the treaty with Spain on Monday, February, 7, 18!?U. be re peatedly told me and other Senators he was billetly opposed to the ratifica tion aud would not voto for it. Be tween adjournment Saturday evening | and the vote on Monday the mantle of i ?broad American statesmanship' de scended upon him and a few minutes before the Senate went into executive session to consider the trenty and lake a voto as agreed, lie gave a baiting aud lame explanation of his intended change of front. His vote secured the rat ili cat ion bscause. on the first roll call Mr. Jones, of Nevada, who had also told us he would vote against the treaty, 'passed' when bis name was called, and I feel certain if Senator McLaurin had stood by his parly and by himself, Mr. Jones would not at I the end have voted for tbo ratification. "Conscious as ho is that ins vote v/as the governing factor in the train of momentous consequences so far reaching mid terrible and involving the war of subjugation in the Philip pines, thc expenditure of hundreds of millions of dollars, the loss of thou sands of lives and other dire results which no ma* can foresee, it is natu ?ral for Senator McLaurin to make a despcrato effort to vindicate thc Presi dent's policy and his own action. The declaration of independence of course has become obsolete, and an abandon ment 0* dead tradition i? the policy o/a man who behaves aa he has done. "Such a man has Do conscience or principles. Thc eloquent speech which ho delivered in the Scniilo was largely stolen from a H( rmon delivered by the Rev. Dr. Henry Van Dyke, on Thanks giving day, November, 1898, in the Ilrick Church of New York city, two months before Senator McLaurin de livered it in the Senate. "I have uot only had to blush be cause. MoLauHn had descried bis party in a great crisis under suspicious cir cumstances and contrary to his avowed purpose but have had the mortification of having other Senators, Northern gentlemen, speak of thc degradation to which South Carolina had como in being represented by a man who would boldly steal tho brain work of anothor by wholo sentences and paragraphs and have the effrontery to deliver it in the Sonato. I "The people <>f South Carolina cau? , not he further deceived or misled hy this man and 1 speak now in order that they may fully inform themselves I on all of these matters and stand ready to turnish the proof of everything 1 ! say and if necessary will meet Mr. I Mol auritl face to face in any forum I he may choose. 11 his proposed scheme of broad statesmanship is Demoor , then i am not and have never been a Democrat, and us '.he people of South Carolina have recently re-elected me as a Democrat without opposition, I feel warranted in letting the people outdde of the State as well as those inside know just what manner of man this is. I have kept silent heretofore, be- ' cause I was ashamed to let the world know now our people had been de ceived in him." THE JUNIOR TO THE SENIOR. Explains Vote on the Paris Treaty and the Charge of Plagiarism. Senator McLaurin was in Charleston when bo read the interview with his colleague, .Senator Tillman, and on being asked by a reporter for the ISvonlng Post if lie would make any reply, he said : 44 1 have only this to say in reference to Senator Tillman's interview. So far as bis personal attack on mo is concerned, tbo public prints are not the place to reply. I neither court nor desire bis friendship or good opinion. Nor do 1 propose for the benefit of some one else to be drawn into a controversy with him, I am ready to do my own lighting and want other people to do the same.'' The reference in this is doubtless to Representative Latimor, who is a can didate to succeed Senator McLaurin and is generally supposed to he Till man's protege. Concerning his vote on thi Paris treaty Senator McLaurin said : 44 I did intend to vote with the ma jority of the Democrats against the ratification of the treaty, for reasons purely of parly consideration. I never said anything to Senator Tillman or any one else to give bun the right to truthfully say that I was " bitterly op posed tc its ratification. It is and has been intensely unpleasant for mo to differ from so many of my party asso ciates. 1 bad just been through a campaign full of bitterness and desired if possible to avoid further differences. The appeal was made to me to defeat the treaty and secure the tactical ad vantage of defeating the administration and forcing them to call an extra ses sion. It is a pretty low plane of action, but for the sake of peace and to avoid just what has occurred since, I conclud ed to vote for the rejection of the ti caty. It was with this idea that 1 went home Saturday night. Sunday afternoon, sitting in my dining room, I heard a newsboy calling extras and sent, out und got one. 1 saw that thc natives had opened lire on our troops and when 1 read the account made up my rnind at once that the treaty should be rati fied so as to fix the status of the United States in a foreign war already on. It made the people tiring on our troops rebels, and not in intruders. The thirty days lacking before an extra ses sion could be called might be produc tive of untold harm. I have never seen the day since when I was not glad that I did havo the strength to vote as I thought right. 1 did so freely and with no promise or pledge from any man. " Immediately it was published to the world that I had been promised Judge Simouton's place. A more in famously false and cruel slander was never perpetrated. ? There hasn't been a time in five years when I haven't wished that I could decently and honorably get out of public life. When President Mc Kinley offered me the place intended for a Democrat 00 the Philippine com mission I declined and told him that I never wanted anything for myself nt bis bands, but that if through me he could help South Carolina I wanted hini to do it. This is all I ever desire or expect, and if L did not feel that I was helping and could help my Slate I nothing on earth could induce me to submit one hour longer to such vituper ation aud abuse. 44 It is no new role," continued the Scuator, 44 for Senator Tillman. He began his career by abusing and slan dering better men. I have naught but contempt for an intellectual bully and shameless pretender masquerading as a statesinau, a moral pigmy posing as the champion of honesty." Concerning the charge of plagiarism McLaurin said : ** So far as plagiarizing Dr. Van Dyke's sermon is concerned, it was largely due to accident. I wan much struck with its beauty of thought and diction. I had a bot rowed copy and dictated from it three or four sentences to my stonographor, and in the original, which any ono cnn ace, aro the words ' paraphrasing the recent utterances of a distinguished divine,' olc. These were left out in the copy. After mak ing the speech I went .South on thc I next train und never saw thc speech | again until it was in print. My secre tary did not notice it, and had dis* tributed several thousand before my attention was called te it." In conclusion Senator McLaurin niado this caustic comment: I sincerely regret the mortification to tho sensitive, dolicate and reficed nature of my colleague. Honors are easy, howover, for I can assure him that I bavo oxporioncod similar pangs at some of the ' pitchfork tunes' which he plays to the disgust of the Senate and tho delectation of the gallory loafers." ?SENATOR M'I,AURIN FIRES FIRST GUN ; A Defence of His Political Course - Hie Conception of the South s Duty Thc Manufacturer's Club of Char* lotto, N. C, had uu eventful day in its history when the Chinese minister, Mr. Wu Ting Fang, was the guest of honor, aud next in rank among the prominent men present was Senator John L. McLaurin, of South Carolina, who read a declaration of bis position iu politics, and while the address was entitled "Our Present Condition in the South and Our Duty for thc Fu ture/' it was in reality the first gun in I his campaign for re-oloctiou to the Senate. Ho indicate! the hues along which he will light. He has left the "ruts," he says, aud for so doing de ; fends himself, and indicates the line in politic! he thinks the South should fob j low. Mr. McLaurin spoke as follows: Mr. Toastmaker and Gentlemen: I desire to make a statement of somewhn' a personal nature huforc proceeding with this speech, which I intend to deliver tonight. A certain newspaper correspondent in the city of Washington has persistently spre the report that I was coming to Char lotte to make a speech which would launch a new parly In the South. The report is absolutely false. If I had any such intention good taste would prevent me from taking advantage of an opportunity of this kind. 1 am con tent to advocate within Democratic lines the policies which 1 believe to he best for the South, and when I cm no longer do this I am ready to retire to private life. In the South we are today realizing some of the dreams of its far-reaching statesmen and business tuen of fifty years ago. With prophetic eve. they saw the industrial and commercial pos sibilities of our highly favored south land. With an advance of thought that is really surprising, they suggested en terprises of wonderful magnitude for its upbuilding and commercial domi nance. From IS.'IS to 18(10, conven tions were held to voice the demands of a deepseated public sentiment for industrial progress. The story of these movements is chronicled in a South Carolina publication, which, under the name of Debow'8 Keview, did for the old South what the Manufacturer's Rec ord is doing for the South today. The same spirit which enabled our fathers to leave the held of defeat with nothing but their coun.go aud their characters loft, still lives in the South, and inspires you today in your great undertaking. The plans of thc great Southern business men and statesmen of fifty years ago are no longer idle dreams. Postponed by a cruel war which de stroyed our social and industrial sys tem, and which for years reached co operation in national undertakings al most impossible, such men as I meet bore tonight are making these dreams actual living realities. Talk about the "New South/' the name is a misnomer. It is the same old spirit revived which sixty years ago made the South the dominant power in this nation, a position of which nothing but war could have robbed her. What wo need now to again at tain that proud eminence is the same broad conception and the same com* prebensivc grasp of the true situation. The last twenty years have wrought an industrial revolution in the South, which must find expression in our so cial am' political life. The time is past for the discussion as to whether this government is to be one consolidated in its structure or a loose aggregation of (so-called) sover eign States. The civil war settled that. It is useless to discuss tho ques tion of whether this is to be a purely theoretical Democratic government or an expanding and giant Republic. The Spanish war settled that. Why not then accept conditions as they are and make the most of them? Tho agitation of such issues only servos to sidetrack broad American doctrines and should not be made party questions because they grow out of actual political and economic condi tions, which it is beyond the power of either party to change. I care not of what political faith the occupant of the White House might have been; for, if a true American, mindful of the hotior and dignity of tho nation, the results of the Spanish war could not be widely different from what they are. today. Why should our people be the only ones to close their eyes to what is going on? Why should wc move along in the same old ruts nnd insist that political policies aud old traditions, long since dead, are vital living issues, und depend upon them for the salva tion of the South. The triumphant re-olcction of Mr. McKinley in the last campaign is full of significance. It is a stubborn fact confronting tho Democratic party to day, suggestive of reproachful remem brances and fearful menaces. What a rtllection that this new Democracy did not carry a Stale where tho issues wero discussed and judgment passed by the people upon them on their merits. Of course with us it hns been impossible lo decide elections upon issues. It liau boon simply a question of white supremacy. In the North and tho West, dissolved .nto factions, tainted by the errors of Republicanism und the follies of Populism, the party could not withstand the tido of popu lar opposition excited by unreasonable criticism of tho conduct of a foreign war, and by tho vicious and incendiary appeals made during tho last month of the campaign to class haired and pro judico. Fundamental principles woro lost sight of, and in an insane effort to se cure party success at any cost, the at tempt was mado to combioo socialism, populism and sociionalism, with noth ing but tbo sentiment and traditions of Democracy. Tho real Democratic lcadors of the Sonato for the past three years have been Allen, Tellor, and Pettigrew, all of them able me.., but one a Populist, one a high-tariff Re publican, and the othor, I do not know The Blood needs a Spring Cleaning as m .ich as thr house. All the family need to free the blood from the humors that gather during the winter months, in order to keep the appetite good, the complexion clear, maintain health, give strength to the entire frame and double the pleasures of life. Jo!filstoi}'? Quart Bottles has been the standard blood cleanser for 30 years. Your parents used it?your children and grandchildren will find nothing better for its humane purpose. No other remedy comes in so large a bottle for the price?a full quart for only 01 ic dollar. Don't neglect your health when so smnll an expenditure will accomplish so much. There is no substitute?though plenty of imitations. Get the genuine. Sold by all druggists. Made only by THE MICHIGAN DRUG CO., Detroit, Mich. For Sale by The Laurens Drug Co , Laurens. S, C. what. All of Ihom opposed to State banks of issue with proper safeguards, and most other things we need in the South. This was called the ?? New Democracy " in contradistinction from the old, and some of its leaders stated that its creeds were revolutionary and were so designed to bo. To sow discontent with industrial conditions and distrust of the govern ing power; to array class against class, in the hope of securing fancied social and industrial equality, is to my mind the first step in revolution. The South is the American end of America. In no section is there so small a foreign element, s> much conservatism, and so pure a patiotism. What a political paradox then it is for our people to be the allies of professed revolutionists elsewhere. It wiik not the pure type of Southern Democracy that the balance of the country feared in the last Presidential election. They knew that properly in- ! tcrp-eted this was conservative and safe. It was well understood, bow ever, what Influences dominated, and that, therefore, the South in national affairs was still poweiless. One doubt ful Northern Slato had then and has now more Influence than thc entire South combined. One party says, Why should I consult jou, L can hope for nothing. The other says, l'vo got you any way, and I will do as I please; help y ourself if you can. What a posi tion for n brave, high-spirited people bound band aud fool, the miserable slaves of one party and a football for the other. I, fo -lie, do not believe that the people ol the South are ready to trust this government Into the hands of any party to begin th< leveling process through the exercise of the taxing power; and yet this is exactly what this new propaganda means, and outside of the South it is proclaimed by the very same clues who preach and practice social equality between the races. The two dogmas are inseparably inter woven. Go inlo tho West, attend one of their campaign meetings, Bcratch beneath the skin and you will find the same old social equality dogma, to the tune of which the soul of John BrOWQ ia still " marching on." Taxation for the purpose, of equaliz ing or redistributing property is rank socialism, not Democracy. Let it take hold in the South and with it will go those barriers vdiicli we have erected (0 maintain the purity of our race and the integrity of our civilisation. Another th ng?to my mind it is folly to oppos i expansion under tho name of imperialism. It deceives no man of intelligence. lie understands that there is no analogy between this oouatry and the Roman Empire, and that those who talk of imperialism do not take into account that power which is born of our free institutions, a fort-. rcBB in tho hearts of our people strong er than any ever built of Stone. As long as this is thcro iboy can never bo como slaves; and when it is dead it matters not whether under republic or empire, they become an cosy prey. It depends upon tho people, not tho government, whether they be bIuvcb or freemen. It is the people that make the government, not tho government the people. With a bravo, strong, in telligent people, with a free press and popular education, there can bo no imperialism. Why should we bo afraid to truat ourselves? The Whole ten dency 01 the times and tho spliit of the age is toward Democratic instead of imperialistic ideas of government. The throno of tho "Great Whlto C?ar" trembles today at the roar of the De niocni?c Mot), anil the echoes resound ' oven from tho far off Orient. Our people understand that it is not i actual territory or dominion over peo ple that we seek, hut the expansion of I American thought, ideas of govern ment, commorce and civilization. Political loaders might well learn that the law of progress will sweep awry as chaff those who would place harriers agalnsl this mighty tide which is des tined to spread the Democratic idea of government to the uttermost bounds of the earth. My definition ol Democ racy is liberty for man, formulated into a theory of government. It means man's inalienable ownership of himself, it means free thought and free speech. In concluding his remarks, Senator McLaurin said : The South must play an important part in our country's future l'or a third of a century she has been ham pered by a struggle for mere existence, forced to devote all her energy and statesmanship to tho maintenance of white supremacy. Thank God, this is permanent and assured beyond per adventure of doubt. At last she has emerged from her forlorn and prostrate condition; freed from herenthrallment, she can put herself in touch with the bent thought of tho age, and again ex ercise an influeuce in national life. I bcliove the time will eomo when the South will be tho hope and salvation of this nation. Her marvelous growth in manufacturing enterprises, her de velopment of natural resources and her rapid advance in pr< grossive thought and action, is making bar again tho leading section in this country. The center of manufacturing in tho United States has been '.ransforred from Fall River, Mass., to Columbia, S. C. Mut if wo would make the most of our op portunities we must renounce sectional prejudices and support broad national policies, looking to tho creation of for eign markets, the expansion of trade and the upbuilding of a common coun try. We must demand and have for the South a full share of the bencllts aa well as the burdens of national life. The South is vitally interested in the Asinlic markets. Her manufacturers aro studying the needs of those people in an intelligent effort to turn out pro ducts suited to the markets. " Tho administration is doing a great deal toward improving our commercial opportunities in the east by showing somo regard for the inalienable rights of China, while protecting the lekfiti I mate demands of foreign interests. I Dewey's victory first established Amor. lean prestige along tho Asiatic coast. It was then that 800,000,000 yellow, brown and black people lcarnud respect for the United States and saluted us as a first class power. Tho attitude of the United Statos sinco in the field of diplomacy in China has given confi dence and increased that respect. The United Stales from thc first took the lead, and even thc wnrliko emperor of Germany lias had to yield to Uncle Sam's friendly admonitions. We now occupy tho vantage grou.vl, because on friendly terms with all the powers. 1 make the assertion that thc Soutli | I has more to gain than any other sec-1 tion from the foreign policy now pur sued by tho administration, particularly when the isthmian canal is constructed, as it will bo. I havo road extracts from tho speech of my amiable and distinguished friend his excellency, OABTOIllA. BMrttii* A *'"d Vgjj Haw Alwijrt Bought Minister Wu, recently mode in Chi cago. Jt is replete with wisdom ami trootl sense. We cannot hope ami wo should not wish to break down the civilization of China upon which is based a polity, society and religion the slow growth of 4,000 years. To do so is to destroy the inpiro in the attempt to suddenly thrust upon hcrj a western civilization for which her people are not pre oared. All we can hope to do is to vitalize this old civilization with western ideas, science and inventive genius, thus making it more potential in material achievements. 'J his coun try has lone well to use every ef fort by the benign influence of its political and commercial power to pre serve the identity of the empire nd tho integrity of its civilization. Under this policy, iL is rensonuhle to expect I China lo become tho constantly ex panding market for our products and as gradually her interior is fully de veloped by a network of railroads and all of her cities opened up to foreign commerce, the opportunities arc almost without limit. The South now con trols most of this trade, and with such development in the near future it should increase tenfold. " We are no longer a purely agricul tural section, but mining, and manu facturing and kindred interests have sprung into prominence and demand governmental policies to protect and develop (hem, A statesmanship so parti an in its character as to adhere to old political doctrines, either settled by the arbitrament of Ihe sword or firmly nx< d as governmental policies, cannot solve the political and economic problems now confronting the South ern people. Such a statesmanship can not properly interpret present econo mic movements, nor provide by aggrcs I sivo and progressive thought for the radically changed conditions now con fronting us." THE NEGRO IN COTTON MII,I,S A SentlMe View of the Condition of Things In the South. The following article was recently contributed to Tin Independent by Col. James L. Orr, of Greenville, and the editor introduces the article by say ing that " Mr. Orr iu president of one of tiie largest cotton manufactur ing plants iu the work), and well known throughout the South as one of the best authorities on negro labor." This contribution of Col. Orr will be recognized as the common sense view of .Southerners generally, but which seems to strike our Northern friends as new and original : I cannot say definitely, perhaps, why the negro will never make a suc cessful operative in the cotton mills, for I have seen most excellent band weavers, laundresses, seamstresses among the women of that race, and carpenters, bricklayers, blacksmiths and mechanics among the men, both during slavery and alter ; but iu order to get work out of the negro it is neces sary for them to he on the alert, doing something which requires action, for if they are allowed to he quiet they will go to sleep actually or metaphori cally iu a very few minutes after they are allowed to stop, hence they have never been worked to any advantage in the COttOll mills. It ifl not a lack of capacity, nor is it laziness ; it is the faculty of concentrating their atten tion while quiet that they do not possess. Before emancipation I knew of small yarn mills being run entirely by negroes on the plantations. The ex periment was tried more or loss suc ccssstilly near Columbia, S. ('., on a large, scale, and since emancipation a good many of them have been used in tho factories in the South for doing the heavier and unskilled work. In some placeB the machinery, including the pickers, has been run entirely by ne groes, but wherever it has been tried failure has quickly followed. A cotton mill in Concord, N. C, one in Colum bia, S. C, aro ouci that I recall in connection with the Vesta Mill in Charlestion. This enterprise has been abandoned in the city mentioned and moved to Gainesville, Ga., with the determination to discontinue negro labor in the mill, as it is a failure. There will never be a better oppor tunity to test negro ability ..nder moro favorable ciicuinslatice. A plant woilb 8000,000 was bought for if 100,000, lo cated in Charleston, where they bad a large number of the most intelligent negroes in the South. With plenty of capital behind it, as competent a selling agent as there is in New York hand* ling their goods and the best manufac turer in the South in charge of the actual operation, still afier a yoar's patient labor it lias proved a fniluro? not because tho nogro could not do the work properly, hut simply becnuso be would not work regularly. The no gioes had no ambition, were satislied to make half wager., if they were ul lowed to only half work, were not will ing to como regularly, hut missed from two to three days out of every week, went off to every burial, excursion, picnic, and never could be aroused to take any interest in the work. Tho relative value of the mixed blood lins given me ft great deal of thought, and I have observed it for years. As a goneral rule, I would say that the mulatto is more intelligent and less reliable, and the bluek negro less intelligent and more trustworthy. The best class of negroes, however, that 1 have ever seen for rcliablo'iess and in telligence combined are the copper col ored negroes. I am changing my mind very much as to the value of educating tho negro, starting out with tho belief that an educated man or won.tin is far superior I to ono with equal capacity uneducated; I have about concluded, so far as the negro is concerned that a lady ex pressed the truo philosophy in speak ing of educating the negro when she said that every one of them that you cducato beyond tho point of boing able to read thoir Bibles and to write their accounts you utterly unfit for their mission in this world, and cbango a OASTORIA. tl M tftlf satisfied und helpful citizen into a worthless h<< frequently criminal en cumbrance The mo \\ ? )ws want that the South will feel in tin ue.i I Uor lifteen years, if cotton manufacturing Micreases tlie world over as it is doing at the present time, will he hands to cultivate the crops. In the last ten yeais the cot ton crop has incrca-^d probably nO per cent., and we are maldtiQ now an aver age of about ten million bales per year, and the world is consuming fully that much cotton. Our population has not reused in that period more than vh) per cent. We are now cultivating all ihe land in cotton that the South has labor for, and altho we have sufficient area to produce one hundred million bales of cotton, we cannot do it until we. get more labor that is willing to work hard and live verv economteallv. I -J ? Von can see, therefore, why it is not to the interest of the South, or any 01her people depending on the South's cotton, for Ihe negro to be taken from the cotton dolds and put into the mills. Another reason why I do not think the negro should be put in the mills is that this industry furnishes almost the only refuge for the laboring white peo ple of the South from the strong com petition of cheap legro labor ; on the farms, in the cotton gins and oil mills the negro (ills practically every place except the boss's. The poor white man in the South with a family dependent on him finds it very hard to pay rent on land and buy supplies on credit and compete with the negro in raising cot ton. That was one of the greatest hardships during slavery, for the white man either owned or controlled negro slaves, or came in direct competition with them in labor. One can readily understand, therefore, that tins class of people have found great relief by going into the cotton mills, where the) not only receive better wages than they could make on the. form?, hut se cure better school and church focili. ties, and are freed from the hateful competition. There is 0 very strong antipathy between tin and the negro, which is natural, i i tho it may he only a prejudice it is iiucon querable. A man maybe poorenouyh to be forced to work ins family in the fields alongside of the negro, but noth ing but dire necessity makes him doit; and he would resent most bitterly any intrusion of the negro in thocotton mill work, which he now regards as his own. It is all right vheie men alone work, in the mines, at masonry and all kinds of hard labor, to mix the races, but it is wrong to work negroes in association with white women and children. SENATOR TIIvI/MAN IN BUFFALO. Hb; Talk on the Dispensary Was Heard With Interest and Curios ity. Upeeial to the News and Courier. Buffalo, N. Y., April 12-?Re cently Senator Hen Tillman, of South Carolina, delivered an address on the dispensary law of his State before the Independent Club of Buffalo. The occasion was one of rare brilliance, at the club has in' its membership re presentatives from the cultivated busi ness and professional cUisscb of the city. The great dining room, in BUiCOlt square, was lillod with handsomely dressed guests. With wine glasses on their tables and cigars in their mouths the festive company were ready for Mr. Tillman. Mr. Tillman gave an historical sketch of the law. He. described Ihc situation of politics in South Carolina when the law was enacted, stilting that the question of liquor or no liquor bad been voted upon by the people, with a considerable showing in favor of the latter. He went on to say that when tho Legislature of the State met it was not possible for the law-makers to ignore the issue. Something must be done. Ho said that he got together tho laws of Stales like Maine and Iowa and Kansns, and carefully looked over the matter of prohibition. After giv ing the subject much careful thought, he was thoroughly convinced that pro hibition would not woik in South Caro lina?the people were not ready for it. With tho dispensary law in Sweden before him he sketched a hare skeleton Of the dispensary law, which proved to he the thing that struck the Legisla ture with favor. It was. indeed, in teresting to hear Mr. Tillman set this law forth as a thing of his own crea tion while Governor of the State, as we commonly associate the execution of the laws with the Governor, rather than their making. Still this was not done as an autocrat might have done it. Mr. Tillman had nothing but good words for the law. Its results are fully justifying its passage. Drunken ness has been reduced in South Caro lina from 40 to AO per cent. The open saloon is not to be seen. The State controls its liquor stores, pays men salaries for taking care of them, thus removing the temptation of such men to defraud the Stale. The business is put upon an entirely new basis in South Carolina. Treating and night drinking have about disappeared, as the dispensary stores aro not the scene uf drinking, closing at buuuci. He did not regard the law aa remov ing all other drinking places troni the State? There are a good many secret places where liquor is sold in South Carolina. Mr Tillman went on to say that he attributed much of the success of the dispensary law to the fact that South Carolina bat its population mainly in I rural sections rather than in large I cities. It is tlio great city that is hard to handle in the liquor business. It was claimed that prohibition would have failed in South Carolina just at in some other parts of the country. Men will have liquor, be stated, and if they cannoi get it lawfully they will get it some other way. Mr. Tillman claims that so long as men have appetites they will seek to gratify them. " Men are not angels." If the dispensary law holds on In South Carolina a new generation practically free from a vitiated nppctite may make O .A. 0 T OT1TA. ltA-tth* A 'IW Kind You Have Always Bought Every cotton planter should v/rit<* forourvaluable illustrated pamphlet, "Cotton Culture." It is sent free. ^ Send name anil address t>> OKRMAN K VI.I WoKKs, 93 N.i u>au St., N. Y. la better law, but till that Inno? come* the dispensary ltw i? an good as the State can stand, Me said that some people objected to the State'? drawing an income from tbe business; to tbe Stale's going' into the business. lie replied tu this by saying the State was already in tho business when the law was passed, and was it not better for the State to get the unscrupulous bar keeper out of the way: give the people pure liquor, and get all tin; money the business yielded when properly and economically managed? The Senator referred, in passing, to the hard time the State constabulary had in Charleston when tbe law went into force, and rather felt that Charles ton wanted to be a sort of State by itself. Various questions were asked the speaker. One that caused greatest laughter in the reply it got was : "Do you think I lie dispensary law could be worked here in New York ?" "No;" Mr. Tillmau replied, "I do not think you have civic virtue and patriotic spirit enough to adopt the law in New York." In the course of bin remarks Mr. Tillmau said: " IV o have in South Carolina about ISO dispensaries, fl do not know that 1 quite give the nutn bei) and they supply the whole State. Here in Buffalo you have a city of 350,OUO, with about '2,000 saloons." The contrast was telling, indeed; for Buffalo has one saloon to every 196 persons in the city. Mr. Tillman made two mistakes, which he could ill afford to make in bis address, holding as he does the high position of trust from South Caro lina. He spoke disparagingly of the Christian ministers in South Carolina. He felt that their attitude toward the dispensary law, which is working un told benefit for the State, was open to reprimand. He appeared to speak in a slut ring way of the preachers in gen eral I think Mr. Tillman err?o at this point; for my observation of Northern people is that, while they may not all recognize the claims of re igion, they seldom speak disparaging ly of preachers in public address??, .should Mr. Tillman see this article 1 trust it may put him on his guard against the repetition of bis mistake. Another mi.-takc of Sonnt'ir Till man's was his unnecessary acknowledgment that be is himself a moderate drinkor. That did barm. He said: " When I 1 want a drink of liquor I go straight into a sa'oon and get it ; that has al ways been my way." But only a few minutes before be bad been running the saloon-keeper down, in bis dirty business, and speaking of the open saloon as a menace. Now for him as a Senator of the United Slates to say in the presence of a great gathering of men, many of them young men, that be visited bar rooms and drank liquor was a mistake. Better keep that a secret if be must do such a thing. F.very possible courtesy was necorded Senator Tillman, and much admiration was cxpiessed for him as a man of great force of character aud a ??fighter." Buffalonian. Booker T. Washington says that the colored giaduatee of Tuskeegec, Ala., have raised over '2?0 bushels of sweet potatoes from au acre of ground in the same locality whero the un educated colored man raises less than 50 bushels to the aero. Mr. Washington attributes the great differenc : in the crops to the know ledge of the chemistry < f the soil which the educated negro has acquired, lie says that the while farmer* in the neighborhood respect the colored gra duates, because of their superior know ledge and skill, and that the conic to them for progressive ideas in regard U) farming, building and all sorts of things. There are about 1,000 (lowing wells in South Dakota, about forty of which furnish over 1,000 gallons per minute, and one eight inches in diameter fur nishes over four times that amount, The great majority are two inches or less in diameter. Of such some town ships have over thirty. The larger ones outside of towns are intended for irrigation and have produced excellent lesulls. Physicians remark the fact that sickness has greatly diminished wherever Artesian waters bavo come into use. Tbc Wutcrs contain ingre dients valuable for enriching the soil. Phenomenal crops have been 'cpeatod ly obtained by tfieir use. The total agricultural exports for the eight months of the fiscal \o?ir ended March 1, 1001 were 9660,000 against $400,000,000 for the corresponding months of 1000. This increase is found in cattie, hogs, provisions, but most largely in cotton, tho exports of which were ?711,000,000 groater than in 1000. CASTOR IA For Infants and Children. The Kind You Have Always Bought Bear* the Signatare of