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(:(flT;Il^ V Hit V &tt % flit ft ^ VOL. XIII LAURENS, S. C, TUESDAY, JULY 27, 1897. No. 10. The Senatorial Campaign AT COLUMBIA. A Lively l ime but Everybody wm Ii a Qood Humor? li by und Muytloltl Relate It Ibriti Iliuiory. Tin- Columbia campaign meeting wm about ou tlie dame plane us tiie preced ing meetings. M i ssrs. M i.vl'e 1 l und [rby did uku occasion to reaffirm thulr charges against Governor Ellerbo with more thun their usual vehemence, and 0 d. Irby let out one moro Reform eeerot by asserting that in 181)0 Ellerbo. in the eoi.v -ntion, was declared nomin ated oomi t-o lor general wiien as a matter of luel Stokes, of Colleton, re ceived the nomination by nine votes. This, bo said, was known at the timo to a goutiuinan who has since been ex alted to the bunch. Mr. Mayfijld made public the slate already made for Stute olllcials, so ho said, and gave voice to other things of more than general interest. Senator McL aurin, In addition to his usual tarilT speech prefaced it wit't uorno free silver arguments. Farmer Governor Kvans btuek to his free trade arguments. Mr. .lud n T. I) mean appeared in the lists for the first time. When Mr. May field was introduced, ho was received with applause. Ho said, in reply to the chargo as t.> unfair ness as tu the timo limit, that Mr. Mo Lauriu's coutention was unfair, and he ought ta know it. it was wrong %j weary the audience, and Mr. McLaurin ad distributed thousands of his spu> ches with his frank, and ho has newt"papers to give his views publicity. Ho mid that Mr. McLaurin had ohargtd bim with befng In a combina tion, and tho Evening Record had made nil kinds of ottargt s against him. Tho R cord, be said, was owned and cou troilud^by E lerbo, Neal and McLaurin. Mr. McLaurin bad $f>l)0 In stock: in tho paper, and E lerbo and Neal each had ?160or moro in it, and controlled it. Mr. Koester : "No, sir, they don't control It or mo." Mr. McLiurln arose, and said In ex planation, t'?at Mr. Koester was his friend. Mr. K 'ester bad stood by bim and be lost bis position ou bis account, and when he did so and had no position and a wife and child to support, he gave him $f>00 and ho could have done what he wuntml with tho $500. Ho did not own a cent's worth of btuck in tho Record, or any other papor in tho State. Mr. Mnytield; "What about Gov ernor E lerbe and Col. Neal, tho Mark Uanna of the Administration ?" Hero some of tho crowd called for Mi 1. mi in, and Mr. May field said that no one eou.d brow-beat him, and be would have fair play. He said the Re cord had jumped on him, and ho could du Minie Ol It bimsolf He said that Col. Neal had made a deal to strike down the, Chief Justice, and that be believed Covornor Ellerbo knew it. He said ho only struck when ho was struct. Ho had nover made any attack ou Governor Ellerbo, a.id spoko of his record when ho was attack ed and charged with being in a com bination. Ho was a free, citiz-jn, and said what ho pleased. Ho said that he had Invited Governor Ellerbo to bo there, and It was his fault ho was not there. Mr. McLaurin knew lei was going to bo in tbo raco. Ho know this before there even was any talk of other candldat s, and it was wrong or unfair to charge mm with being in any Bort of a combination. Ho said ho was sick and tired of being charged with being in any sort of a combination. Mr. Muy lb Id then started out on the tarilT question, and Bald, from Mr. Me Laurin's statements ono would suppose there wore no other Representatives from the State ; that ho was the great est Representative the State had over had. He heard tbat this monstrosity? tho Ding ley bill?was going to bo favor ed by Senator Tillman. Mr. McLaurin . said ho and Tillman agrood, and if so and would vote for tho Diogley bill ho would be a black-beartod Republican. He said it was all foolishness to talk of McLaurin not having fair play, when ho bad a government frank to Bend out his speeches; when ho had tho Admin istration behind him; whon he had three or more newspapers favoring him ; when ho had his salary and other things at his back. Ho went on to ask whother the people woro willing to pull money out of their poekots and pay moro for rioe and lumber. Ho eaid Mc Laurin wanted an increased duty on boxes, sashes, doors, blinds and the like. Tho veto on tho wool question was, ho said, unwarranted, and could not bo justitiell by It boing a personal vote. McLaurin is a high Protection ist, in theory If not in practice. Tho fanners were to pay for these duties, and Mr. McLaurin was not represent ing his peoplo In his tariff view.'. Thon McLaurin was in favor of tho Tillman dispensary bill. If this bill passes tho State can always have a dispensary law. Ho wanted the State to get out of the liquor business and to get out of tho tratllo as soon us possible. Mr. Maytield gave his views on tho liquor question at length. He said what he wanted was full re ports in the daily press. Ho would not woary the audience by Imposing on tho timo of others, but would cut his speech short. Uo was surprised that Mr. Mc Laurin bad been thanking Heavon for the State being free from nogro domina tion. Ho had understood Mr. McLaur in had thought of runiing Independent tickets to biat tho Constitutional Con vention. Mi L iurln said that this chargo was not true. Mr. May Quid then askod whothor ho would also deny writing tho l'opulistic I platform. Mr. McLaurin : "That Is nono of your business." This occasioned much applauso and laughter. Mr. MuyQold then wont for Mr. Mc Laurin for writing the Pcpulistlu plat I or m, and said that ho had prepared a series of questions to propound to Gov ernor E.lerbo that would have paralyz ed bim. Ho said ho bad not said any thing about Governor Ellorbo until bo was attacked by McLaurin and tho Evening Record, in which Governor Ellerbo bad stock, and which repre sented Governor Ellerbc and Mr. Mc Laurin. Ho said that no one could at tack him without being hit back, and Mr. Ellorbe should keep bis paper, the Ricord, In uheok, and not lot It attack bim. Col. Irby started bis speooh with a joke. Unfortunately for him, he said, the people of Columbia had seen him before. Ho came down hero In 188ti as a member of tbo house and over since he had been opposing the political way of thinking of the people of Columbia. He had opposed them honestly and fairly. Col. Irby deelared that he had al ways stood by the Reformers, but he bad been just to the Conservatives, McLaurin bad been false to every fac tion or party he had ever allied himself with. Ho advised that the Conserva Ilves had iottor seleot a man that had wen true to one party or faction. Mo Laui in'n ,>olltlcal pathway, ho dce.lar cd, wa-> Kt.-ewn .? ? L 'he, bones of hli 3lends. toll. . - he opposes th( tspensary. but be favors Tinman's bill Tho Tillmuojbill would uovor'havojpass ' { cd tho Sonuto had Mei.uuiln ohjcctod. Lt wua a rulo of tho Sonato itliat unani mous cunsont is necessary for local measures. What was McLaurin's posi tion then on tho dispensary ? ho asked. 1 With tho passage of tho Tillmun o il 1 tho legislature would enact a dispensa ry law for all time to como. "Do I do you that way ?" ho asked. ) ''l stund to tho farmers that raudo me. ' ? Ho was net, he declared, like tho little I jay-bird governor who forgot his friends. Fdlorbo got his start through fraud, he asserted. In the convention of 1HU0 Stokes of Celloton beat him for comp troller general by nine votes. There was a judge on the boach who knew how it was done, Crows know hosv it was done and Noal had been trying to stay his pen, but Crows was too honest a man. Go to tho tall of this '"State house gang," ho said, for Hill Noal has more head than brains, and go to F.llorbo for I its hoad; tlo thosu two ends togother and the peoplo hud tho ring which had for its purpose tho perpetuation of cer tain men in ottloo. "Vote for me if you please. Crucify mo if you will, but I'll bo a Koformor and a Domoerat still,'* concluded Col. Irbv. (Applause') Air. Joha T. Duncan promised not to detain tho peoplo long. Ho was run ning, ho said, as u Koformor. His ad here uce to Rjform principles dated back as far us any man's. Ho was not horo to oppose tho dispensary. Ho was in sympathy with tho administration in its enforcement of tho dispensary law. Ho favored tho Tillraan bill. He thought sinco tho liquor tratlic was an evil that the State hud bettor tuke charge of lt. Mr. Duncun declared that Mr. Me Luurin had never boon truo to any fac tion or party with which lie t.ud been allied. He had heard Mr. McLaurin mentioned ua an opponent of Till man in l'JOU, but ho would bo nothing but a feuther weight. Ho wus for Tillmun against any man he hud over heurd mentioned for tho place. Mr. Duncan then declared that ho favored tho free coinage of silver and opposed tho tar;IT policy of McLaurin. Mr. Duncan then rotated about his recent tight about the jurisdiction of Stute aud Federal courts. Ho did not, truo to his promise, detuin tho peoplo long. Hereafter ho will bo with tho campaigners. Former Governor Kvans was the last speaker. T1H0 FINAL FlUtlT. IC \ < ? i ( I 11 ? ?. Seem". Ill I he House When thoTarlfTBtll is Passed?Bailey and. McMillan Disagree. The final veto on tho Dingloy tarilT bill in the Uouso wus tukonon Wodnos duy lust. The tloor of the House pre sented un animated uppeurunce long before the speaker rapped thut body to order. Members stood ubout In groups and discussed, sometimes in excited tones, tho result of tho conference agreement on tho tarilT ibill which was to'bo presented for tinal action. The gal ories wore comfortably well filled and every member in the city was in his sout when Speaker Heed ascended the rostrum at noon. Most of tho couforees on the tariff bill were in their pluccs, their d -sks pilod high with pupors und documents. The blind chaplulu in his pruyor invokodu blessing on tho duy's work. "May tho history of tho day," ho prayed, "bo worthy of this groat na tion and redound to the good of ail its citizens." After a few minor matters had been d.sposed of, Mr. Dingloy aroso. Hold ing aloft tho report and a gi o a mass of of papers, he said, In calm tones : "Mr. Speaker, I desire to present the confer ence report on tho tarilT bill." Salvos of uppluuBd from the Republi can side greeted this announcement. Tho papora were carried to the clerk's desk. The reading of tho formal re port waa dispensed with at tho request of Mr. Dlngley and tho statement of the ( effect of tho chunges road. Mr. Halley, tho loader of tho minor ity, disclaimed boforo tho reading be gun, any responsibility for tho stuto ment, which, ho said, the minority has had no opportunity to read. At tho conclusion of tho reading of tho state ment Mr. Dingley took tho fl >or. Ho fore be begun his speech ho said he de sired, if posslblo, toenttr into un agree ment with the minority us to the length of time debate should run. Mr. Halley said the minority would liko three days, but knowing that sueh tima could not bo obtained ho would bo willing to allow the debate to run today and to morrow, with provision dor a voto bo fore ad journmont tomorrow. Mr. Dingley, in reply, said ho was not prepared to agree to Mr Ualloy'a prop osition. When ho oxpreasod tho hope that a vote could be reached today tno Republicans broko into long and loud appluuso. "Talk at this tlmo is very expen sive," said Mr. Dingley. "lt costs tho treasury $100,000 a day." All efforts to rouch an agreement failed. Mr. Dingloy, with tho state ment that he would confor with Mr. Halley later, opened his speech en the conference repcrt. The figures and de tails of tho explanation of tho ehangos were very dry, but the house guvo him close and earnest attention. Ho took up each schedule, explaining in detail the changes mado, and following, clos ing with tho formal statomont given out by tho committoo Concerning the item of cyanide of pot.>H*ium, he Buid it had boon most unwil ingly accorded by bet House and only after the most pos itive inuiBtunco by the Sonato con ferees. Concerning tho sugar schedule, Mr. Dingley read from the otllcial state ment, adding brief comments. Hy tho I now arrangement about $2 OJU.OOO in I c.rousu of revenue would bo roali/.od as the increase, had been placed on raw sugars ut the point whore rovenue would bo recolvod and at tho same time the beet sugar industry will receive substantial bonollt. In conclusion, Mr. Dingly received round after round of applause from his I Republican colleagues by predicting as u result of the enactment of this bill a rise of prices and a restoration to pros perity. Mr. Wheolor (Dem.) of Alabama opened tho debatu for the Democrats, criticising the bill as tho most vlolous and burdunsomo evor imposed on the American people. Ooe of the greatest demonstrations <>f the debate occurred when Mr. Lan bam (Dem.) of Texas, who followed, paid a tribute to W. J. Uryan. Demo crats cheered fur several mlnutos and many of the spectators joined in the demonstration. The bill was further debated by Mr. Hall (I) on.) of Texas, Mr. Fleming (Dem.) of Georgia, Mr. Handy (Demj of Delaware, Mr. Kelly (Pep.) of North i Dakota, Mr. Grosvenor (Rep. ) of Ohio. At 0 o'clock a recess was taken until ? 8 p. m. At 8 o'clock when th* night session f began tho galleries were orowded, I many ladles being present. Mr. Diog* ? ley stated at the outset that he hoped ? to secure a vote by 10 o'clock. Mr. i Bailey said 10 o'clock was too early, but i he thought the veto could be taken by . U, He would not, however, muko a dutinlto agreement on tho vote. There upon, Mr. Dingley guvo notieo that he would move the previous question not lator thun 11 o'clock. In tho galleries woro runny distin guished personage? of both sexes. In in the executive gullery sat Secretary of the Navy Long and on tho floor at the side of Mr. llitt. of IUInoi,8 bat At torney General McKonna, who wan a inoinbor of tho Wayn and Mmns oom mittee in 1S5IU, when tho McKinley law was passed. Altogether, it was u bril liant sotting for tho close of a memora ble struggle. Tho Republicans still pursued the tactics they had adopted during tho day session. None of them claimed tho Qoo.' and tho minority woro compelled to put forward their speak ers. These continued their assaults on tho Republican breastworks, but not a shot was tired in return. Therefore, after Mr. McDowell of Ohio and Mr. Hurry of Kentucky, both Democrats, had tnado briof speeches, Mr. Bailey, tho Democratic loader, who had been rosorving his speech for tho close, took tho lljor. lie made a carefully pro pared argument dealing more with tho general principles luveived than with details. Time and again during the progress of his remarks tho Democrats wore aroused by his eloquence to a high pitch of enthusiasm. Mr. Bailey said in part: "Tho prctonso that tho bill under consideration is designed primarily to increase tho public revenues Is u falso ono on its very faco, because if that had been the Intention It could have beon accomplished without disturbing all tho business interests of tho country by goncral revising of all our tariff duties. Slight changes in tho existing law would havo sulllced. "VVhilo thero is no reasonable doubt as to what tho Republican leaders of tho llouso expected -.ud Intended to do, their purposo has boen. at least par tially, defeated by tho amendments of tho Souato. I (to not mean to imply that tho dominant party in tho Senate is entitled to any credit for playing at cross purposes with thoir friends in the House ; for the Senate appears to havo amended tho llouso bill not so much because they woro opposed to tho ob ject which the Llouso had in view as becauso they seemed to think that the Uouse's zoal had out-run its judgment, and that instoad of yielding a surplus, which would enable tho pri sent admin istration to colloctand retire tho green backs, its bill would have resulted In a doticlency. "Bavo tho industries of tho United Stat ;s suffered under the present law from foreign competition r It is only necessary for us to examine the treas ury reports to find ou-' answer. As ro markablo as it may appear after all that our Republican friends havo said, tho treasury roports show that instead of foreign competition increasing under tho present law, it has aetua ly de creased as compared with the McKin ley law. ?'Anothor more practical but less potent reason why tho Ripublloan party cannot undertake in earnest to suppress theso hurtful combinations of capital is that its vast and complicated scheme of tax...ion for privato pur poses is maintained by tho activo and Qnanoial support of those who have personal and bus uoss connections with those trusts ; and as you roly upon the votes, tho inlluer.co and tho campaign subscriptions of 'trusts, it is unreason able to supposo that you will dony them a participation in too profits of a sys tem which they have helped to fasten upon tho country. Wo havo sutlluiont and abundant proof of this fact In tho pending bill, which gives to tho sugar trust a puro gratuity which experts ostimatu at no loss than $4,U0J,000 an nually. " I am not willing to chargo In this high place that tho Republican party has sold its lntollect and consciunco to the sugar trust and I prefer to bulluvo that it has been driven by tho logic of its position to tho assistance of a mo nopoly that bus grown so bold under its special privileges that it scandalizes Congress and defies tho power of tho , courts. Hut, sir, tho Republican party must confess that it has sold itself to tho sugar trust or it must admit that , protection cannot deny Its benefits to , monopollos." , Mr. Balloy revlowed the sugar sched ulo at length and scored tho sugar trust, adding : "My dollborato j ldg- , mont is that tho sugar trust possesses , power over you not becauso it buys your individual votes, but becauso it is a part of your systom and as it helps to support your system, your system is compelled to help support it : and it is certain that trusts will continuo to in crease In number and power as long as you continuo your policy of protection. "I am aware, sir, that thoro are some who protend to bellovu that an uttoranco ltko this is not in harmony with tho platform of our last nutioual convontlon ; but thoro is nothing in tho language ot that platform or in tho cir cumstances attending its adoption to warrant that opinion. " 1 am opposed to Republican pro tection, becauso It discriminates be tween American citizens, giving to tho ono who sells an unjust advantage ovor tho ono who buys ; and I am opposed to this modorn thoory of free raw ma terials, because it discriminates be tween American Citizens, gl zing tho ono who buys an unjust advantage over tho ono who soils. " I do not plead for special privileges for tho farmers ; I only pload In do fonso of tho Democratic party for hav ing bald that in dealings with this question it will keep its pledge that nono shall onjoy a special favor nor shall any Buffer a special burden ; but that all shall stand equal boforo tho law. To establish ana maintain tho equal rights of men wa6 tho groat mis sion to which its foundors dedicated tho Democratic party a hundred years ago, and to which wo reconsocratcd it last year' If wo adhere steadfastly j and faithfully to this, tho most vital of ; all our principles, tho American peo ple will reward our fidelity with their contidonco and wo can reward their conthlonco by pcrpotuating forover and forovormoro this, tho groatost, tho freest and tho best govornmont that over roso to animate the hones or to tost tho saorificos of mankind." Toward the clo*e of his remarks, tho effect of Mr. Bailey's spoooh was great ly marrod by tho difficulty ho oxpo rloncod In speaking. His voice became vory hoarse and ho was obligod to drink frequently of lomonado to oloar his throat. Jus* bofore tho close of Mr. Bailey's remarks tho most sensa tional Incident, of the de,bate occurred . 11 e had beon assailing tho dootrlno of froo raw materials as a comparative Innovation in the Democratic, orood. In order to demonstrate that It was a produot of Clovolandlsm, ho sent to the clerk'n desk and had road an ex tract from a nowspapor commontlng on the fact that In the !?' >rty-nlnth Con gress Senator Mills, thon a member of tho House, Mr. MoMlllan, of Tennes see, and two othor Democratic mem bers of the ways and means oommltteo had voted against freo wool. Mr. Mo Mlllan jumped to his foot and demanded to know whether U was charged that he had voted against free wool. -?William E. Morrison told ma so 11 with his own Bps," replied Mr. B*lley, ' faolng Mr. MoMlllan, whose fao^ both you and Senator Mills voted i ngaln .1 some reductions in tho metal schedule.'' "Since tho gentleman has seen lit to attack my record and to misrepresent inu," began Mr. McMillan, but Mr. Bailey quickly disclaimed any purpose of attacking him, "1 desire to com mend your action then," said ho. Tho disclaimer being accepted, Mr. McMil lan hotly asked in turn why Mr. Bailey had voted in the ways anil moans com mittee against the wot Ion schedule of tho present law when it was offered as a substitute for tho high rates in the pending measure. A wavo of applause ran over tho Democratic side at this question, hut It was drowned in tho perfect storm of approval that greeted Mr. Bailey's reply that never as long as ho was in Congress would ho vote for 50 por cent, duties on woolen goods and no duties on raw wool. Tho Re publicans and the galleries joined in this demonstration. " How could tho gentleman from Tennessee," ho continued when the ap plause had subsided, "vote for free wool in tho face of tho Chicago plat form, which ho helped to defend." "The Chicago platform did not take tho hack track on tho principle of tariff for revenue only," replied Mr. McMil lan. "I'll prove that it did,'' cried Mr. Bailey. "Is Mr. Robertson, of Louis iana, In tho house?" he asked, looking about him. But Mr. Robertson was not present and Mr. Bailey proceeded to argue that tho Chicago platform did return to tho old Democratic theory Be said that tho Democratic organiza tion sought to roseuo tho party from those who wero wrecking it. When tho party was making new recruits the wrcekors had deserted It." Moreover, Mr. MoMlilan lu turn, delved Into Mr. Balley's past and pointed out occasions when tho Lone Star statesman had voted for free coal, free 'rou ore, freo barbed wire, free \ sugar, and even freo wool in tho L'Hfty Second Congress. Mr. McMillan's comments upon tho inconsistency of Mr. Bilioy' free wool vote caused much merriment. In con clusion ho appealed to tho Democracy to go into tho battle again with its banners bearing the old mottoes. Mr. Bailey got tho II )or after Mr. McMillan finished, long enough to say that when he cast tho votes referred to by Mr. McMillan the endorsed doctrine of his party was free raw material and as a loyal Democrat he supported its platform declarations. Ho now hald n commission from the Democracy to op pose that doctrine and he. should doso. It was now after 11 o'clock. Mr. Payne and Mr. Dingley, successively, took the floor for some closing remarks. Trusts, ho said, could not bo eradicated by epithets. The way to break down tho trusts, said he, is to establish a boot sugar factory in every Congres sional district in the country and make competition. That is the way to clip tho wings of tho trust. (Loud and long Republican applause.) Mr. Payne had a good deal of fun at tue expense of the Democratic leaders who wero raving over their orthodoxy, thoir views wero diametrically op . posed, but each had tho authority of a Democratic platform. When Mr. Payne took his seat Gov ernor Dingley arose amid a storm of cheers and demanded tho previous question on the adoption of the con ference report. Mr. Johcson (Rep.), of Indiana, tried to ask Mr. Ditigley a question while the question was being put. Several times ho called "Mr. Speaker," but was not recognized. The demand was sustained by a viva voce vote and tho vote on tho adoption of tho report fol lowed by yeas and nays. Considerable excitement occurred while tho vote was being taken. When tho speaker announced tho vote, 1<S."> ayes, 118 noes, tho Republicans breite into loud cheers. ABOUT THE TOAD.?A writer iu O.ir Animal Friends defends this little creature. Ha says that many people view with disgust and loathing this rough, uncouth, 1 "athory-ooated little creature wit'i hlsdlstondod s'omaeh and squat, ungraceful form, yet tneir aver sion Is totally without reason. Tho toad is not venomous or harmful, nor can he be utterly ugly with his singularly clear and bril liant eyes. An old superstition says,"The toad has a jewel in his head." If he has, it must be tho gleam of tho jewel ttiat Hashes through bis eye and lights up his otherwise unattractive countenance. However .his may be, tho toad Is a jewel in himself from an economic point of view. Tho farmer has no bit ter friend or ally in his warfare ugainst Injurious insects. Tho toad comes forth mostly at night, when such insects as tho cut-worm are abroad. When I am working in the garden and Inadver tently disturb a toad, I p.lways feel like bogging his pardon, for-, however queer It may seem to some, I like toads. In this Dakota-land they aro very tibun dant, and I notico that insects are pro portionately few. When following the breaking plough 1 have often beon a reluctant spectator of tho last sad tragedy In tho lives of some of these beneficent little creatures. Thoy love to burrow down in the earth to just about tho depth that the plough share takes, and thoy aro sometimes sliced In two. On these occasions when examining tho con ton ts of their stom achs, 1 have boon earprisod at the quan tity thoy could hold. I have also noted the prevalence of Injurious species of insects, such as leaf-booties, cut-worms, grubs and their larvao. A few days ago, as another victim passed under the piough, 1 took pains to note the con tents of its stomach, which consisted of four largo cut-worms, two bean-bee tles, seventeen small loaf-hot ties, eight small manure-beetles, three tlies, sev eral larvao and about a touspoonful of t >e small aromatic yellow ants. This was only a mod I urn-si /, 3d toad; and now, just think how many such meals ho had taken In his life; then think of his mil lions of relatives, and the monh thoy had oaten In their lives; after that re member that In their pollywog stato toads clear out myriadb of larvao from stagnant wat >r, and do much toward lessoning the great mo.-qulto pest, ai.d you may imagine the vast quantity of Injurious Insect material they must havo destroyed. I havo domesticated and colonized toads in my collar and garden, anu ab wnya felt amply repaid by tho deoroaso I In the number of tho lnsec'us. It makes little ditYoronoe to tho toads whother his meal bo of cabbago wor ms, mosqui toes or bean-booties?down thoy go, and Hs he rubs his throat with one I "hand" he winks his off oye, and Is ready for more. I ?It la reported that ex-l'resldont : Cleveland will In November bo form 1 ally tendered tho ollleo of president of I tho University of Virginia. Hereto I fore the chairman of tho faculty has i been at the head of tho University. ?A Boston millionaire, whoreeontly . died, mado provision that his wife should receive each year oxaotly her i owe weight In pure gold. ?Tho behteapit.il for a boy Is not I money, hilt the love of work, simple i tastes, and a heart loyal to his frlonds and God. THE DEAD TOWNS IN OCONEE COUNTY. HISTORIC PIjAOB? of INTKltEST. Tunnel Hill on Stump House Moun tain was Once a Thriving, Busy Towu, Anderson I ntolligencer. Ooonoe has more dead towns to the Bquare inilos probably than any County in the State?not merely to1 . that have quit growing, or that ...^ In tho collapse that follows an exploded boom, but defunct, obliterated, forgotten. I'ickons County has two auch, Kort George or K> owce, and l'ickon&ville, and Anderson County one. Anderson* villo, where the beautiful mountain streams with their beautiful Indian names?tho Scnoca and tho Tugaloo? rush into each other's embrace It cannot, of course, bo twisted into any diseredit of Gvoneo that tho sites of these dead towns of another ago and of other conditions are within her bor ders, for Walhalla, Westminster, Sen eca and Newry arc gems that bespangle her background of blue. Besides theso places of interest? Ooo noo Station, an Indian trading post in the long ago, Tunnel Hill, that sprung into iife when tho builders of the great Blue H dge Railroad set down to bjro through Stump House Mountain, aud old I'lckens, that gave up the ghost with tho dismemberment of old Piek ens District?Ojouco is historic in that her soil holds tho ashes of Colonel Hon Cleveland, Gen. Andrew i'ickeus and Horseshoe Robinson, heroes all, of tho Revolution. As one stands for the fwst time on the summit of Tunnel Hill and peers*!n to thejyawning mouth of tho dismantled shaft or turn? to gaze, upon tho im mense pile of fragmentary granite ly ing around, one cannot repress the ludi crous idea that at some remote period of its existence Stump House Mountain had relieved itself ol an attack of geo logical nausea, so to speak, by a vomit ing lit. Tue oppressiveness of the picture of perfect desolation that marks tho scene to-day la intensified by tue rolle tlon that for a time a tide Of busy life surged over the mountain, whilst through its depths wus being pushed the most stu pei dons engineering feat of tho timo. Forty-four years ago the.solitude of the ages hitherto unbroken was rudely dis turbed, and for six years the old moun tain groaned and trembled in the inex orable grasp of science, and then al most us suddenly Die primaeval still ness resumed its sway and the coon, tho catamount and the bear roamed uguin over thoir old haunts. it will surprise many at tho present day, especially those who go there for thu lirot time, to know thatou the sum mit of Tunnel Hill where but one house now stands, and it constructed of the remains of several 'others, was oneo a bu?y town of fifteen hundred people, in cluding live hundred laborers who work oil in and around the tunnel. Tho town hud u hotel, boarding houses, u school, a church (Catholic) and the usual com plem nt of barrooms. There were sev eral stores. The contractors ran a store and Mr. Wesley l'ltchford, whose son. Mr. C. W. Pltobford, is now one of tho loading merchants of Wulhallu, sold goods there, us did others. One of tho drinking saloons stood within u few yards of tho shaft (No. and was run by San Francesco Plzarro SanohO, an Italian, who, just on tho eve of the war, murdered Tnomas Har rison, of Ooonoe, on tno stone pave ment in front of tho old hotel at Feu illeton. Saucho's father and younger brother, Benato, went to Tunnel Hill direct from Italy. The big rock (ill at the eastern mouth of tho tunnel wus put there by tho old man, who, duy after day, carted stone from tho tunnel with his little, mule. The old fellow never learned a word of I'.aglish, bo that the imprecations heaped upon his little mule were couched In sulphurous italiun, w hieb made no difference with I tho mule. When the war came on lljnuto fought valiantly for the South. Tho laborers wore nearly all Irish und Catholic-*, und [ came mostly from the North. When tho work was suspended in tho latter part of 1850 for luck of un appropria tion bv the Stito, for the great roud wus u Stuto enterprise, most of the men went buck North, und It is altogether prob.ible that in my of them found their way into the Union armies und met in tho shock of Puttie many of tho men whom they knew and witn whom they worked at Tunnel Hill. Oao of these whoa stayed S?ith was| Fietoher, un Knglishnian, who hud the distinction of being the smallest man in tho Second S. C. K lies. There wore several contractors dur ing tho progress of tho work, Anstm Hangs & Co., Humbird, Hitchcock & Co., and one other, all Northern men, | of course. No one knows exactly how , much money was ex ponded on the work, but 1 am assured by uno who was in a j position to make u fair estimate that it was at least one million dollars. Tho tunnel is ono und one-fourth miles long, und the entire distance is through sol ill rock. The western exit i is sixty feet higher than the eastern, which is to say, the guide through tho tunnjl is foriy oight foot to the mile. There are four shafts, numbered from east to west, und tho greatest depth, two hundred und forty feet, la near shuft number tsvo. Some sixteen hun dred linear foot is unfinished, which s.iows that praotioally three-fourths of tho work was completed. Hut forty live feet between shafts numbers one and two la unfinlshod, and the rest is between numbers three and four. From four to western mouth is completed. I have boon toid by a re'iuble man who worked there thut ut shaft number four u innlo was let down to draw stone ' to foot of shuft und thut a your later that same mule walked out into duy light at western entrance apparently nono tho worse for his long subterra nean Imprisonment. Tho company made thoir own blasting p iwdor of pot ash and tho ehurcoal of poplar, chest nut ami willow. Somj vestiges of tho powder house, located near eastern en trance and also near the beautiful issu quenuh Falls, are yet to be soon. Near this spot u young man, u strang er, who had taken a sub-contract, was murdered ono night by Homo of tho toughs about tho place in tho boltof that ho had lots of money. Tho story gees thut they got no money und thut there wus nono that know his numo, and ho wus burled whoro ho was inur ' dored. If I ever go there uguin I shull hunt his gravo. Tho story is well au thenticated. Another inurdor was corn ml Hod ono Sunday n^ar shaft number two. Smith, a laborer frrim Georgia, rr..vo offense to some Irishmen, who host him to death. A number of arrests voro made and thoro was a big trial hi old 1'ickena, but no convictions. Several men woro accidentally killed at all tho shafts except number one. Two were killed at shaft number two. A man named K-jlloy, from Laurons, j who tho day boforo bad boon on a spree, j lost his footing on the timbers at the I mouth of tho shaft, whoro lt was his business to attend tho bucket as it up Soared loaded wlthBW.no, and in falling e si i nek Collins, an Irishman, who was com ng up on the bucket, and both wore, burled to death. Kolley's wife hud but a few moments before brought her husband Ins dinner, und when she beard of bis death she rushed frantical ly to tho shaft u d was with difficulty restrained from jumping down. At number three, two were killed by a cave. One of these svas a Hughes, of Oconeo. Oj another occasion a man was scalded to death by tbo hoisting online at that shaft and several badly injured. At number four, three lost their lives. One, a young Irishman, in trying to jump into tho oucket as it was Started down at six in the morn ing, missed and fell headlong, his body finally lodging among the timbers of theshiift near the bottom. As ho fell one of his shoes, which were of a pecu liar kind, was wro*nchcd from his foot and dropped at the feet of tho workmen below, ami these, bearing tho commo tion just overhead and recognizing toe shoe, knew who svas killed. Mr. l?. I) Foster, of Rich land, Oconeo, then a youth of sixteen, was employed in the tunnel, and was standing within three foet of wbero the shoe fell: another was killed by a drill hammer falling from the bucket upon his head. A Germaa, whole business was to go around every two hours and till tiie minors' lamps, was on bis way to mouth of shaft number four to go down and till lumps, when In some way unac counted for the materials in the box in which he carried them exploded and killed him. The men worked day anil night, Sunday excepted, by shifts, di vined into three reliefs id eight hours each. It isa pity that a road which prom ised go much for the. .State in general and Charleston in particular should have 'failed of completion, the more particularly since it was so near linish ed. The work was stopped in 185U for want of funds, but it would no doubt have been renewed bad not the war eaine ou so soon. AnilYort was made a fow years after the war to sot the en terprise on foot agaiu, bat it failed, owing, no doubt, to the fact that the State was in the hands of plunderers. Daring the lust winter of the war Capt. T. H. Kussel I, at the bead of a company of sixteen-year-olds, was sta tioned at Tun noil Hill, und the youth ful soldiers divided timo between fish ing deserters out of the mountain fast nesses and throwing rocks into the yawning shafts. The boys soon incur red the hostility of those men in whoso breasts patriotism was at a heavy dis count, and rumors often ascended the bills that the deserters wereonoving on them in a body. One night, when the mountain was wrapped in snow and the boys iu slumber, the Captain decided to test the mettle of his ycai ling sold iers. Acting under BOerot instructions, the picket dashed in from the post a mile away and pounding the; boys' quarters with, 'Git Up, hoys, the deserters is a-COtnln,' " soon had the little camp in an uproar of confusion. Some of the boys got into their breeches back side foremost, and John /. ichary. a nephew of the Captain, buckling on the pano ply of war as he ran, rushed to head quarters "to sec what I'nelo Tom was going to do about it." They were soon under arms and moving steadily toward tho picket post, tho point where the Clayton road branches off. Just before readied this t ie command was dep.ey ed and halted, and a rooonnoitorlng party, one of whom was in the secret, Jim Uearden, of Ouonee, I believe, sent forward. Presently the party return ed, but to the expectant soldiers with bated breath and dilated eyes their footfalls in the snow made them an in numerable host, and the little fellows pulled back their musket ham mors and lixed for business. The officers could hardly restrain them from tiring. Of course, the reeonnoissanco disclosed a false alarm and the boys were inarched back to camp, and by morning were normal and were throwing rocks down into the tunnel again. One of the sur vivors related this Incident to mo re cently, and added, "We'd 've shot once anyhow." When I queried de murely if ho did not think tliey would have shot twice, at least, be replied, with a catch-on glance, 'Yos : onco at the deserters and once for camp." W. A. DlCKSON. TUjLMAN pails. His Dispensary Hill Will not Gome up Before Congress at '1 bin Session. A special from Washington to the Columbia Stataof Wednesday says that by the decisive, vote of I to aftena two hours' bearing the committee on rules refused to report a rule for the consid eration of the Tillman liquor bill at this session. Tim information suggest cd a different result und the action was a disappointment to Senator Tin man. The arguments In support of the application for the rule wore pri sentcd by Senator Tillman and K iprusentattvo Lttlmer. 'twas not disguised that the Objuot of ' e bill was to circumvent the Slmonton decision and perpetuate the existing dispensary system in the Stal' Representative Lutlmor, bowevor, dis claimed any purpose of that sort and argued that the general principle of the bill was sound, in giving to every StaLj tho exclusive control of tho liquor tratllo. If the proposed legislation meant the perpetuation of the dispen sary system be would not, be said, sup port the bill. 1 n opposition, Iv.jpresentative E'llott assailed tbo dispensary law, exposed . its abuses, asserted that it was a dis grace to tbo State and charged that it was shamefully perverted anil pro.-ti- 1 tuted in the interest of certain politi cians in tho State. Latlmor resented tain criticism as an imputation on the It-form party ami on bim personally, i and retorted that if half be had board : about Col. Elliott's contest for a seat in Congress wore true he was in no posi \ tion to disparage other people. Col, Elliott indignantly denounced , LatlmOl'd statement as an unwarranted anil unmanly personal rellection. This was the only unpleasant incident. Mr. J.P. Kennedy Mryan, n promi nent Charleston lawyer, concluded tho argument in opposition to tho rule. Fhe disputants had hardly cleared tho speaker's room when on Bailey's motion to report tiie rule, tbo vote was takon *dth the result indicated. Bailey and MoMlllln voted in too affirmative. Representatives Wilson anu strait woro present but took no part in the discussion. Senator Tillman showed keen disuppointinent and seemed to be at tho ond of bis wits as to the n^xt move. Congressman Wilson In discussing the dispensary situation made too fol lowing very important statement: Tno two latest decisions of Judge Simonton have given tbo death I I >w to tho dis pensary. It wi.l b'icntirely powerless, ho says, to cope with l!quor establish* monts which pay no license and which have practically unlimited powers of sale. Tboy will, beyond question, un dorsell tho dispensary, which can only operate at a very heavy expense, as i snown by Its history, i The Stite board of control, ho suggests ? should exhaust tbo stock on hand by ' ' tho next meeting of tho general assom i bly and reduce expenses so as to ontail i as little loss as possible. Tno next legis laturo. be thinks, will luivo to either eoaot total prohibition or a high license system with tho rostrlotions prosorlbod in the Constitution. If the latter is adopted. the Stato will realize more revenue than It has recently done un der the en:eebled und beset condition of the dispensary. Tho discord und divisions which have hecn existing amongst the people because of Its ad ministration and enforcement will dis appear and perhapsa satlsfaot >ry and aoeeptable solution of the liquor ques tion in the State will have been dually reached. Ho stated that he was satis lied that congress is Dot going to inter fere, and to his mind the only logical result, uf the situation is as above stated. ALASKA GOLD. Aw Export's Statement as to the Wealth or Our Kar Oil'Territory. Dr. W. II. Dal I, one of the curators of the National Museum at Washing ton is familiar with the country in which tho Klondykc gold fields are located, having boon on several geolog ical expeditions ^to tho region in Alaska adjoining the told district and says that in his opinion tho reports from there probably are not exaggerat ed. He says: " VVtien 1 was there I uiil not lind goal, but anew of It being taken out in prolit.iblo quantities for fifteen years or more. It was lirst uis covered there in 1800. In 1880, when 1 was up in that country, my last trip having been made two yearn ago, the party of prospectors who make mining a profitable business started out. The gold is found on the various tributaries of the Yukon, and I havo been within a comparatively short distance of tho Klondyke Holds. 1 made one trip to Crelo City, just over the boundary of Canada. "The gold-bearing belt of north western America contains ail the gold lields extending into British Columbia ai.d what is known as the .Northwest Territory of Alaska. The Yukon really runs along In that belt for 500 or til'U miles. The bed of the main river is in the low land of the valley. "The yellow metal is not found in paying quantities in the main river, but in too small streams which cut tin ough the mountains un cither side, i'lieso practically wash out the gold. TUo mud and mineral matter is carried into the main river, while the gold is left on the rough bottom of those side streams. In most cases the gold lies at the bottom of the thick gravel de posits. The gold is covered by fn y. in gravel in the winter. During the sum mer, until the snow is all melted, the surlace is covered hy muddy torrents. When the snow is melted and the springs begin to frei ze the streams duy up. At the approach of winter, in order to get at the gold, the miners lini it necessary to dig into tlie gravel lormatioo. b\>rinorly they stripped the gravel ell until they came to the gold. Now they sink a shaft to the h ttom of the (. r V 1 ami tunnel a'ong underneath in the gold-bearing layer. "Tae way in which this is done is interesting, as it bus tobe carried on in cold weather, when everything is frc/.jn. The miners build dies over the area where they wish to work, and keep these light id ever that territory for tho space of about twenty four hour '. At the expiration of this period the gravel will bo molted and softened to a dopthof perhaps six inches. This is then taken off, and other Bres are built until the gold-bearing layer Is reached. When tho shaft is down that far lircs are built at the bottom against tho sides of the lay or and tunnels made in this manner. Blasting would do no good on account of the hard natu.'e of tho material, and woeII blow out just as out of a gun. The matter contain ing the gold is piled until Bpring, when too torrents come down and is panned and cradled by these. It is certainly very hard labor." " I sec many reasons why the gold Holds should be particularly ?ich. Tue streams which cut through tho moun tains have probably done so for cen turies, wearing them down several hundred feet and washing out the gi Id int > the beds and gravel. It is a country in which it is very ha d to find food, as there is practically no game. Before the whites went into the region there were not more than !1U0 natives. They have hard work to support them selv s. on account of the scarcity of game." The excitement over the recent dis coveries of gel 1 in Aiasktt still con tinues at Sau Francisco and when the steamer Kxeelsior leaves fur St Mi chaels she will carry all the miners' supplies she can bold. The l?xoelsior will he the last steamer I > sail this yea" from San \- rancisco to connect with the Yukon steamers, hut there is already talK of chartering another steamer to t ike up a crowd of miners. No more news from the Klondyke regi in will be received until the steamers leaving hero havo returned. Commissioner Bornum of i ie gen eral laud ofllJO at Washington, has stated that lie will recommend the establishment of two land districts in \) islern Alaska, the two ollic.es to bo placed on the Yukon river or its tribu taries, in anticipation of a gi rat num ber of contentions over mineral land 1 ications in various sections where the gold discoveries have boon made, Ho says that as tho region is practically without law, especially as to the Bottli - ment of contests, the local 0 111 COS will bo of infloite value to the laud inter ests and indirectly to the preservation of law and order. Tho olliocs, it is probable, will be located atCircleCity and Dawson City. Tho general land office is in hourly expectation of petitions and requests for some such notion. ?Ono of the oddest documents of the will kind known was that of Queon AuBtrlgllda, consort of King Goutran, of Burgundy. The dying princess on* joined upon her husband to slay and intry in the same grave with her the physicians who had attended her. Another will was that of a husband who forbade his wife's marrying on pain of his returning to haunt Inf. This is quits different from that of a woman who instructed her executors to suek out "somu nice, good, pretty girl," wlio would make an alToctionate socond wlfo t.) her spouse, it is a fact interesting in this connection that the first Napoleon actually bequeathed 10,0(11) francos to a fellow named Can tillon, wlio had boon tried for attempt ing tho assassination of the Duko of Wellington. ?This is tl1 o way that .1 udgo K iuhen S. StalTord, if Malison, Ga , marries tho negro victims brought before nim : "By tho authority .vested in me as an Officer of the stale) of i-Y.orgiu, which is sometimes called tho Empire stato of tho South ; by the flolds of cotton that sproad in sno^y wliltenoss around us; by tho howl of the coon dog, and tho gourd vino whoso clinging tend rills will shade thoontraooo toyour humble dwelling place ; by tho rod and luscious heart of tho watjrmolon, whoso swoot ooss fills tho boart with joy ; by tho heaven ? and oh. lb, In tiio prosonoo ol those?witness(.s, I pronounce you man and wifV* WITHOUT WAIlMNd. six Persona Instantly Killed by an Kxpio.sioii in u Gun Pactory?? Appalling BoeilOS ol' Horror. An appalling acoldent ocourred in the shell 1 lading department of the Winchester Repeating Firearms com pany shops at New Huven, Conn. Without an instant's warning, six im mun beings lost their lives by mi ex?a plosion and another victim died soon afterward at tho hospital. A score of others were more or less wounded, but no further fatalities are anticipated. More than 150 men and women are employed in ttie loading department, and tb t more fatalities did not result from the. concussion is miraculous. The hundreds of people who gath ered about the gates immediately after the explosion witnessed a grue some sight. Six dead bodies, black ened with powder and frightfully mangled, almost beyond recognition, were lying on the floor. Near by two injured men were writhing in agony, and all about were men running, with their faces and arms bleeding from shot wounds, unmindful of their in juries but trying to assist others and quell the confusion. Owing to tho uumber of girls who were carried out ( in a fainting condition, it was believed that many of them were seriously injured, and there was a great feeling of relief when it was found that in most cases they wen unharmed. The dead arc: William jj\ Homier, Mrs. Mary Baumoster, Miss Jennie Brennun, Miss Ida Brown, William Bill, Miss Tracy Conroy. Fatally injured : Georgo Bardoff and KUward BardolT. The explosion occurred in the load ing room. Employed in this room were 150 hands, two-thirds of them girls or women. Nearly all of the fe male hands are employed on the load ing machines, each of which requires three operators. The full compleiiu nt of hands was at work in the room when the explosion took place. Forty feet of the side of tne building was blown out and hurled many feet and frag ments of human bodies were scattered in a sickening manner. A hurry call was sent for all availa ble physicians. The lire department, the police, the ambulance ami hospital corps were speedily suinmoooU, anil the work of carl fig for the dead and injured was begun. 11 arrowieg scones were witnessed as the vast throng con gregated al out tlie place. As rapidly as possible, the injured were cared for. In two instances the fullering of the wounded was Irightful. One was partially disemboweled. As rapidly as a victim wi s Been to be alive the sufferer was tenderly cared for, made as comfortable as possible and cou veyed with all possible speed to his home. Two of the bodies had been decapitated : others had been partially torn asunder, and still others hail been dismembered. The, ollicial? of the com pany expended every elVort to assist in the work of relief. 1'erhaps the saddest scene was en acted when John Baumestor learned that his wife was among the dead. Ho lived in ilampdcn and hud been but recently married. At the time of the explosion he svas at work a few feet distant from his wife. Mrs. Mary Baumestor was but 10 years old and had been in the factory but three weeks. She was married a little over a month ago and she and hoi husband Fritz used adjoining machines. Tho girl was blown fully 50 feet and so Oru bed out of shape that it wus al most impossible to identify her. The hu-band, curiously enough, was ap parantly blown with the same force and by the same blast, and yet he is one of the least seriou.-ly Injured, lie struck the ground but a few foot short of his wife. The explosion did not cause any lire, and the lire department con lined its efforts to aiding in the work of relief. The cause of the explosion has not boon determined, and perl ups its cause may never be known. Some of those at work in the room at the time say it was due to the faet that a cai tridge in process of loading had been Improper ly placed in the machine. Of the in jured, those who are able to talk, re member nothing except a blinding ll tsh. Some did not even hear the ex plosion. The two BardotY b >ys, working side by side, were thrown at a tangent out one side of the building. They struck tiie ground thirty feet away. They were so crushed and mangled that they will nie. Kdward Blair, working ten fcot away nt his machine, was sent up ward through the roof. He fi ll on an ash hoap, with broken bone.- a ml a factured skull and his legs twisted out of shape. The doctors say he, too, will die. C OMMISSIONKIIS PI GUT. Messrs. Thomas and Bvftllfl Come to Blows. At the meeting of the State I tall road Commission, tho request of the rail roads for an increase, in local rates on certain commodities was taken up, und a resolution olYorcd by Mr. WIlhorn that tho ri quost bo not granted for the reason that local rates ar : already out of proportion l > the through Interstate rates, and which Mr. W11 born said tilO roads had the aut iority to increase or diminish ut their will, was discussed. Commissioner Thomas made a long speech on the subject, taking occasion therein to reopen the mut ter of the for* I til ? ir rates, and liandl id the other members of the commission pretty plainly for reducing the rate on for till /. ts, when nothing ehe was changed. His speech was a long one, full of legal citations and extracts from the. records of the board and the Inter-State com merce commission. He thought that the WOy the resolution proposed to dis miss the matter was lindignilicd. After be had finished, M ssrs. Kvans and Wilborn, it seems, were jiking him. In replying to them In tho saroo manner he said some pretty shep things. After a while this led up to a remark by Chairman Kvans, in which the term "no gentleman"as used. Mr. Thomas then lired up. '..ml the remark was repeated at his r q lest. Mr Thomas., !t Is s'.ul. applied an epithet to Mr. Kvans, wh e i, in tl o language of the campaigners, was roost decided* ly unparliamentary. Tho result was that Mr. Fe-nns picked up a paper weight, as he rose, and Mr. Thomas rushed at him and struck him once or twice on the face, scratching him and causing a few drops of blood to appear. At this juncture Mr. Wilborn and Col. Duncan interfered and tho men woro quieted, nobody being burl. Mr. Thomas remarked to M r. Fv.ins, it is stated, that he used the epithet for tho purpose of causing him to be the ag gressor, and really did not hold tho opinion of him Ins had expressed. Air. Wilborn at once moved that tho board adj >urn, and an adjournment was taken without acting upon tho matter in hand. ?Vegetables should always bo pu . In cold water half an hour before using them : It will .'reshen them up wondor fully.