University of South Carolina Libraries
THE HEW STATE CONSTITUTION A HUM MARY OF ITS PROVISIONS Some of the More Important Changes M Compared WRh the Old Con stitution. The new Constitution of South Caro lina, as adopted by the recent conven tion, is quite a lengthy document, and would occupy too much space in our columns, so that a brief synopsis with tho more important changes will prove just as acceptable to a majority of our roadurs, who would scarcely undertake to read tho entire constitution. This synopsis has been carefully prepured by tho Yorkvilie Enquirer, and gives all the oha gos and modifications in our organio Jaw : Article 1 is devoted to a declaration of rights. The provisions of this arti ole are about the saiuo as in the old constitution. Among other things, it guarantees equality before the law, uniformity of taxations tho right of trial by jury, liborty of the pross, free and open elections, the privileges of tho writ of habeas corpus, and tho pro hibition of oorporal punishment and imprisonment for dobt except in cases of fraud. Article 2 relates to the right of suf frage. Nobody is to be allowed to vote except male oltizons of the State and United States who are 21 years of age and ovor. They must havo resid ed in tho titato two years, in tho coun ty Onoyoar, and in the pouing prootnot four months. They must also have paid, six months beforo an election, any poll tax that may have been due and payable Ministers and teaohers in aotlvo service aro entitled to vote after six month's rosidenco, whon otherwiso qualified. All voters must bo registered, and the principal other requirements for tbo soourfng of a registration certifioato is ability to road the constitution of the State or understand it when it is read. This continues of force until January 1, 1808. After that timo thoso who are Owi. otherwise disqualified will bo re quired to he able to read and write, or tbey must pay taxes on property to the amount of $30 >. All pot-sons convioted of any of tho following crimes are disqualified from being registered or voting: Burglary, arson, obtaining goods or money und r false pretences, perjury, forgory, robbery, bribery, adultery, bigumv, wifebeating, house breaking, receiving stolen ? goods, breach of ti u t with fraudulent intent, fornloatlou. sodomy, incest, 'assault with intent to ravish, miscogenat on, larcony or crimes against tho eleotion. Article 3 relates to the legislative department. This is to consist, as bretofore, of house and senate. The members of tho houso are to bo elected every second yoar and tho members of Sonate every fourth year. The house is to consist of 124 members, divided among tho counties in propor tion to population, and the Senate is to consist of one member from each coun ty. The timo of holding the sessions of the General Assembly is fixed to begin on tho second Tuesday in January of each year. For the first four sessions, thcro is no limit as to the sittings. After that time the mem bers will not bo outitled to compensa tion for more than 40 days. The General Assembly is required to onoot a homestead law that will secure to bends of fuPiilic8 exemption from attachment, levy and sale, real pro perty to tho value of $1,000, and per sonal property to tho amount of $o00. In addition to this, those who are not heads of families aro to bo entitled to exemptions to tho amount of $300 in necessary wearing apparel and tools of trade, etc. The marriage of a white person tea person having more than one-eighth Negro blood is null and void, and no unmarried female who has not attained tbo a^o of .14 years, shall legally assent to sexual inter oourse. Tho Goneral Apsembly Is not allowed to enact local or special laws in any case where a g< neral law can be made applicable. The General Assombly is required to limit the number of acres of land that may be owned by an alien, or corporations c-t I trolled by aliens. Article 4 relates to tho executive. It does not Bhow any Important changes from tho old artlole on the subject. Tbo governor's term of office is to be two years, and he is to be oli glblo to re-election. No port-on, how ever, is eligible to tho ollice of gover nor who denies the existence of a Supremo Being. Tbo governor has tho right to grant reprieves, pardons and commutations, and whon lie shall deem It desirable, call extra sessions of tho legislature. There is no change in the names or duties of tho various heads of dopartmouts provided for in tho old constitution. Artlolo 5 relates to tho judicial de partment. The judicial power of the State 1h to bo vested In a Supreme Court, Circuit Courts of general ses sions and common pleas, and such county, municipal and other courts as tho Legislature may deem it desirable to establish. No county court oan be established except on the consent of a majority of the qualified voters of a county ; and no court Inferior to that of the general sessions shall ever be vested with jurisdiction to.try cases of murder, manslaughter, rape, arson, burglary, bribery, or perjury. The Supromo Court shall consist of a ehief justice and three associate jus tices, all of whom shall aorVe for terms of eight years. Tho concurrence of * three jueticos shall bo required to re- * verse the judgment of a court below. I Where the justices are equally " divided, the opinion of the court, be-low * must stand. In special cases, all the oircuit judges may be called In to act H as associate justices. An exception I must be made in tho cuso of the judge c who originally triod the ease under * consideration. If the full court, is 1 made up of an even number, one of the ( eirouit judge*, to be chosen b> lot, must retlro. The Chout Court system remains unchanged. It is required that the court of common pleas sit in each county at least twice a year. The judges of Circuit Courts must file their decisions within 60 days after the ris ing of the respective courts, and the supremo court justices must file their decisions within 60 days after hearing an argument. Tb? court of probate is to remain as now established in the eounty of Charleston. In the other counties, the duties of the office ma/ be vested as the General Assembly may pres cribe. The govornor has the right to ap point as many magistrates as may be deemed necessary. Each magistrate is to sorve two years, if not removed for causo, and is to receive a stipulated salary in lieu of all fees. Eaeh one will nave the right to appoint a eon stable to serve his writs and processes, and will have jurisdiction In oivll eases where tho amount in litigation does not exceed 811)0, and In criminal oases where the punishment is not more than 30 days imprisonment or 4100 fine. In criminal eases beyond I jurisdiction, they ?hal? have tho power to hear testimony and trial, or release on bond as-tho faots . they m o required f*>i--?it *or trl*l ! They shall also r? Uxo. P?"** to I bind over to keep ? P6*00 tor periods '. not longer than lfiontha. , I All persona Mg*& with crime shall have the fib* to demand and obtain a trial/ Jury- In l*?fo?'ior courts, the ju/ ?-?11 consist of not less than six 3?ll-ed voters. In the Circuit Court/tno Jury ?h-ll eouslst of not less tb1 . 12 men, all of whom must agree /tt verdict. No criminal ease can bVro*en*ea ^? tno Circuit Court, exe?" oa tho agreement of 12 out of a A001 ?' iy grand jurors. Judges ha* no fight to charge juries in regartfto matters of fact. They can only Jclaro the law. Clerks/t the court are to be eleoted as heret/ore, and their duties remain unehanid. They ctp^owovor, be remove/ from office lu 'suov? -nanner as I may beiVosorlbed by law. .. ^r;-r~ iVov/tdb" u> made for circuit solici tors thqv*mQ 8,8 heretofore. It Is provUoA;/however, that in the event of the oet/blisbment of County Courts, there shs/1 be eleoted a county solici tor by /no qualified voters of each county/end these county solicitors shall /erform the duties that have heretofore been performed by the dis trict solicitors. Sheriffs and coroners are to be eleot ed for fpur years each, and are to be disqualified for election if lt shall ap poar^nat they, or either of them, are in default of money collected by virtues >f their respective oflloes. Artlole ti relatos to jurisprudence. Doe of the most important provisions relates to a change of venue. The State has the.s&me right to move for i change of venue as a defendant. Fhero can be no motion for a change Jf venue, however, until after thore lias been a true bill by the grand jury, uid even yen the ohange must be made tosoiae other county in the same jircult. The General Assembly Is required <o provide for a speedy and effeotlve <nl!Mention of the laws. In ease a prisoner is lynched while n the custody of any officer, the officer s subjeot to prosecution for mlsde neanor, and .the Bolloitor shall in itituto proceedings at once. If the rrand jury returns a true bill, the ho officer shall be suspended from iflice, and if he is convicted, he shall ivur after be ineligible to hold any 'nice of trust or profit, unlesB pardoned >y the governor. Not only this, the ogal representative of an individual iordered by a mob, shall be entitled o recover the sum of 92,000 in exem plary damages from the county in rhioh the murder was committed, and he county Is allowed to recover the loney, if it can, from the persons who Id the murder. Not only this, the lurderers are also liable to criminal rosecution and such penalties as may 0 prescribed by law. Artlole 7 relates to counties and ounty governments. No old county ball be reduced to less than 500 square nie? nor less than $2,000,000 taxaole roperty. No new county can bo n-med with less than 400 square miles f area, taxable property to the amount f $1,500,000 and population equal to -124th of the population of the whole t?te. Elections on the subject of >rming a new county must be called n a petition of not Iosb than one-third f the qualified electors In the aroaof jo proposed new county. If two iiirds of the voters of each section otlng in the election, vote for the >rmillion of the proposed new county, aen the new county can be formed ; ut If two-thirds of the voters voting 1 any of the sections of whioh the ew county is to bo composed fall to ote for the new county, the section tiling to give the necessary two linlrt voto, will not be a part of the roposed new' county. It is also pro ided that In the formation of new mnties, no old conuty shall be cut ithin eight miles of its court house uilding, nor Its popu>ation reduced ulow 15,000. Townships are made udles politic and corporate, and pro islon Is made for the organization of svstem of townnUip governments by le legislature. Article 8 relates to municipal cor orations. The General Assembly la A quired to pass general laws for th/i i rganlzatlon of municipal corporation, i ud no town can bo incorporated i scept with the consent of a majority ? ( [ its qualified voters. Tho <mwer of | ties and towns to levy *ud colleot! ] ixes must be restricted by ?he General ssembly. The Legislo^uro has no | :>wer to grant a franchise to a corpo- | ition to construct any kind of public j orks In a town, without the consent ' the municipal authorities. Towns iii.ll have the right to own their own nter, light and transportation plants, ' Le., by purchase or construction, on majority vote of those qualified to it.e on such matters. All municipal txes and licenses must be lust and niform. No city or town is allowed to ic.ur a bonded indebtedness in excess f 8 per cent, of the value of its tax ble property, and under no clrcum Lances is it allowed to tnour a bonded ulobtednoes except on the consent of majority of its qualified electors. Villi the consent of a majority of its ualified electors,kilties and'towns may xempt manufacturing enterprises for period of five years from their ostab ishment. The Legislature is required o pass laws prohibiting prize fighting. ?he right to prohibit tno manufacture .nd sale of alooholio liquors in this itate, Is reserved to the Legislature, .'bo Legislature also has the power to , dve this right to coporatlons, Individ-1 ials, counties, towns and eitles, or the State. It is provided, however, that' mdor no circumstances can liquors be old in quantities of less than one half >int, and in sealed packages. They lan't be sold between sundown and lunup, and they can't be drunk on the iremises. The Legislature oannot lelegate to any municipal corporation me power to license the sale of aloo lolle, liquors. Artlole 0 relates to corporations other man municipal, religious, p?nal, edu cational or charitable. Nocharter can be granted except under general laws, :>r a two-thirds vote of the General As sembly. No common carrier or com mon transmitter shall make any con tract that shall relievo it from any legal-liability. All corporations doing business in this State must maintain an agent here upon whom processes may be served. There shall be no dis criminations In charges for the same service to different parties, except oxourslon laud 'commutation! tickets are allowed to bo sold at special i No railroad or express or telegr company is allowed to obtain Pq^H rtion or control of another in tbis.^^H by consolidation, lease, purchase ?F otherwise. Tho right to build or opo? ate a 'railroad, telegraph or expresl business in this State, shall not be granted to any foreign corporation, unleae suoh foreign corporation firm, bo Incorporated under the general laws of this State. No oof powatlon ?hall Issue stocks or bonda oxoept for labor performed, or money actually paid, and no flotHlous values shall be created. The General Asoombly is re AitUMfeloyes > damagos la ease of injuries, and they are not allowed to make any oontraot that will exompt the corporations for which they work from responsibility. Stockholders of insolvent corporations can only be held liable for unpaid sub scriptions to the capital stock. Bank stookholders are liable in double the amount of the face value of their stook. Artlole 10 relates to finance and taxation. The most Important feature of the article is the fact that no county or township can be authorized to in crease its bonded indebtedness for any purpose, oxcopt to pay ordinary bounty expenses, build publio roads and bridges, and increase educational facil ities. The State debt cannot bo in creased except on a vote of the people. Artiole 11 relates to eduootlon. The supervision of the publio sohool- system is vested in the State superintendent of education and a board of eduoatlon -*ompo#ed of the governor and not than seven other persons, to be appoint-.i Dy him every four years. The Legislature i8 oharged with the duty of making provisions for the elec tion or appointments of all othor school officers. The salaries of all State and county sohool officers must be provided for):y the General Assembly out of otaer than sohool funds. The General Assembly is required to provide a liberal system for tno education of all the children between the agos of 0 and 21 years. The counties must bo divid ed into special sohool districts, except that graded sohool districts *arc not to be slnterfered with. County beards of commissioners are required to levy an annual tax of 3 mills on the dollar for school purposes, and, in addition, there is to be levied on all polls be tween the ages of 21 and 60 a tax of $1. In the oase of Confederate soldiers, the limit of age only goes to 50. If during the next three years the school fund amounts to less than $3 per oaplta for the enrollment, then the comptrol ler general is required to make such additional levy on the whole State as will be necessary to supply deficiencies in counties that do not come up to re quirements. After December 1, 1898, the General Assombly is rcqulrod to levy, in addition to what has already been provided for, suoh tax as mav bo necessary to bring tho sohool fund up to an amount that will guarantee the operation of the schools for such terms during tho year as tho General Assem bly may thin.< desirable. Separate schools shall be provided for whites and colored, and it shall be unlawful for tho children of one race to attend school with the children of tho other race. Tho Legislature may provide for the various higher institutions as it Bees fit. It shall be unlawful to use the property of the State, or any polit ical subdivision of it, In the mainte nance of any denominational Institu tion. All of the State's profits from the sale of alcobolio liquors, shall go to supplement taxes for sohool pur poses. Article 12 relates to tho penal and charitable institutions. It provides that institutions for the oare of the blind, deaf and dumb and ins-mo shall be fostered by the State. The coun ties are required to provide for the poor within their borders unable to provide for themselves. Convicts sen tenced by any of the courts to hard labor may be worked on tho public roads of the State, or of the counties from which they were sentenced. Tho (General Assembly is authorized to es tablish a reformatory for juvenile of fenders. All ponitentiary convicts must forever remain under the super vision and oontrol of state officers. Article 13 relates to the militia. All able bodied males in the State, betweon the ages of 18 and 45 yoar-i, excopt such as may be exempt for various rea sons, constitute tbe militia, and shall bo under command of an adjutant and iuspeotor general olected by the peo ple. Tbe governor is comtnandor-in chief, and baa tbe power U call out the militia/when tho safety of the State or en/iroement of laws demand. The Gen/ral Assembly is empowered and rMr"red to" pass law-? pr?vtdjwti tor p^Aiona for indigent Cuuf-rf' tato Holders and sailor.-., and fnv thoir vri/ows. / Articles 14 and 15 relate toumiuem lomain and impeachments. Tnbg are ibout tue same as In tbe old cons\tu. ,lon. Article 16, relating to amonx- I nent and revision, is also practically^ ,ho same us in tho old instrument. Article 17 relating to miscellaneous natters, makes several now provisions. Ml offices in the State oxcopt librarian, oust bo filled by malus who are quali led electors. Tbo office of State libra rian may be filled by a woman pro vided she is 21 years of age .md has been a resident of the State for two /ears. Divorces from the bonds of matrimony are prohibited. No one who denies the existence of a Supremo Being is eligible for office under the constitution. All lotteries and adver tisements of lotteries are prohibited. Any person holding an olfico of honor or trust, who shall be convicted of gam bling, shall be deposed and forever af terward disqualified from holding of fice. Married women have the right to hold property in their own name and make contracts the same as if tboy were unmarried. All laws In forco now, and not repugant to this consti tution continue of force until they aro repealed or expire of their own limita tion, and the provisions of all laws in consistent with this constitution cease on its adoption. This constitution goes into effect on December 31, 1805. A'.l the provisions of the old constitu tion not re-enacted in the new one, are repealed. ^ The Pioht Against Railroad Consolidation.?Gov. Evans says that just as soon as it is shown that the real owners of the Southern Rail way are the real purchasers of tbe Port Royal and Western Carolina Road, and tbe reorganization has been undertaken, he would direct that legal proceedings be instituted to see that the oharter was annulled, and that the combination was not effected. Ho said that he has already advised the Secretary of State not to record any railroad reorganization or charter pa pers until they were referred to tbe Attorney General's office. If the case of the reorganization of tbe Port Royal and Western Carolina Road could not be reached by the new constitution ho said that there was no doubt in his mind that it was a oaso that was fully covered by the existing statute law. Governor Evans says that tbe people of tho State have ropeatodly expressed themselves against the consolidation of competing lines, and that he ex pects to soo every fragment of law ex hausted in trying to defeat the ex \ peoted consolidation. ort Royal and Augusta ^nsls confhT Q he th I ni di! .sustain linos, THE BTAT THE ATTOli NUA ?im LEGAL BATTLES. AN a? ;y obnbrals REPORT. A Year of E-Ctr?l<,r<,1"a?7 Iiitl??tlon~ The Uo?iaerai*'<_> *nd Dispensary Ouet Consunn' Much Time. The -.nnual rep3** ot Attorney Gen eral Barber con{?in8 8?m8 interesting Information as tithe large number of very important*88?* the department ??ith during the past a remarkable fact Ing the eighty oases a very muoh larger number "than" usual, and the faot that most of them were of a very Important character, the Attorney General makes recommendation that onh two fees for outside assistance be paid. These are the fees of (general MoCrady and George 8. Mower, Esq., who were t in the registration has had to deal! year. It is quj that notwithetai, handled, which eral Barber gives a of all the oases arising and the status of those ' appeals to the higher nd most perspicuously county cojnm eleoted snddr great dl?feul called to oases. Attorney brief stateme during the ye still pending oourtevfMuU explained.'" A good proportion of the eighty oases nave not boen Anally aljudTcat ed as yet In concluding his report, Attorney General Harber says: 41 By law the Attorney General Is re quired to give advice to all State officers. During the present year the new soheine of oounty government es tablished! by the General Assembly went intoloperatlon. In consequence of the, obanre, which had to be made suddenly! and the apparent inconsis tencies bltween the new act and the old acts updor which the county gov ernment |was administered by the old 'ssloners, the new officers the law experienced ,y andaombarrassment in its construction.. " Numerous' inquiries from nearly every coiitty in the State were made by tho Attorney General as to the proper Interpretation of the law. For the purposo ot aiding the new officers eleoted iu the discharge of their duties and to produce uniformity In its execution, an exposition of the aet was prepared and sent to each county su pervisor in tho State. Tho views of this oQlce were gonerally adopted and the now scheme has boon pui> In suc cessfully operation and Is now working well. ? " The dlsponsary act, approved 3d of January, A. D. 1894, went into opera tion immediately after its approval. In some of its features it was more stringent than tho other acts on this subject, and it has been vigorously and persistently assailed during the year in both the State aud United States courts. " Its constitutionality was assailed in the United States courts on various grounds. Numerous actions for dam ages have been brought on the law side against constables for the seizure of liquors in whioh damages were olaimed. Those were based principal ly upon the grounds that the act is in conflict with the constitution of the United Stutes and the acts of Congress relating to interstate commerce, and that it establishes a monopoly In the liquo- traillc in restraint of trade. " In equity, suits have also been in stituted praying for injunotlon to re strain tho State constables and other officers frdm seizing liquors imported into the State for personal use and for searches, for seizures of such at the residences of the importers. Judge Slmonton, in the case of James Donald vs. J. M. Scott and others, granted an injunction restraining the State con stables from seizing liquors imported into the State for perronal use, which is siill of force. An appeal has boen taken from hin decreo to tno Supreme Court of tho United Stat-s. which Is now pending, and which, * hen adju dicated, will settle tho qu ntion of tno right of a cit z n to import within tho Stute for his own use. Another suit In quity, in~t.>t?it,?..J b\ J tines Dunham vs J uin Ga- i Eviin.s ami nth bees of th-- H ?th ri?, is *t 3ourt. " In ihis a< issaded unoij .?round-. Tl n e nfl ? t ? int hoard ??! control, und itl ponding In thul'irciiit lion Mio dispensary act, tb numerous constitution* ! ,". hill charges t'lttt it is th ma"y M'Otions of the [itJ-tllutloils State, ^s will be Uses, m groj 3 re. UuileU Stales und loon from a report of at many contempt pro .instituted before tho ?cult Court to punish violations of the order of injunction grarfted by Judge Simon Whcn the^o WOro hoard, Judge United S'VJ? const ;irV\. fin ton. 0. H- blmenttifS explained tho order and held that Jvvbore constables acted from fact*. I,p inferences of facts, showing the Viquor wa? intended for sale and not f0\. pol.80nai use, in mak ing seizures tn\? wou'U bo justlUod In their action. ^ numerous cases, but three constable* wero adjudged In contempt," for disobedience of the or dor. This ruling deterred many Im porters from Mnerfhg liquors within the Stato, under the guise of imoortlng them for personal a8P when they wero really Intended fot> 8aU)i and enabled the State constables to exercise a wise discretion in making seizures, and in this way violations of tho dispensary law have boen materially checked. ??In some of the tdwn8 and c|ties In the State there has bAjn stubborn op Eosltlon and rosistatf5oVt.n tho law. It as been difficult inlrinin oases to so cure convictions by juries, notuhly In Charleston. In thil olty lt became necessary to reBort ^to contempt pro ceedings to reaoh pffenders and to make a motion for a change of venue of oases ponding before tho grand jury in consequence of failure to Hud ' true bills.' ''It has required & great deal of time of the Attorney General ami the Assistant during the 'present year to defend those numorons notions arising under the dispensary law] 44 During the present fiscal year the registration and oleotlon laws of South Carolina were also attacked In the courts. Four notions wore .instituted to test their constitutionality}, one in the State court and three 14 the United States Court. An eminent oitizen of the State filed a petition in the State Supreme Court praying fort an order of injunction to restrain the tiropor State offleors from issuing warrants for the salary of the supervisor offogistratlon and paying thorn, on\the |Vound that th) law allowing tKo saUky was null and void. The thieo sWits in tho United States Court vWo iMstltuted on the equity aide of thoVot ijCby colored persons on tholr own wiM Bnd of all other persons of AfrleW? djBeont slml larly situated, to havtf. \ clareil ? d.itnt.iomi gr?nnds arii i to vote. A const been oalle and the o> Hoo. George 8. Mower, of Nowberry, rendered valuable aid in these caaea, and their services deserve recognition by youi honorable bodies by ailowlhg them adequate compensation. u These are the only attorneys who have aided this office In the multipli city of the important litigated oases heard In the courts during the year. " In conclusion, I may add that the amount of litigation in which the State has been involved during the past year is unprecedented." All of the litigation fund of tbe de partment, something over $2,000, was consumed during the year excopt $147.31. Appended to the Attorney General's report are the reports of the solicitors of the several circuits in the State, with tabulated statements of the num ber and olases of oases tried and dis posed of in each circuit. It Is very surprising to see how small a number of cases for the violation of the dispen oary iaw there have been. SOUTH OAFOLINA'S MEMBERS. ABOUT OUR DELEGATION IN WASHING CON. Their Social Habits and Inclinations ?Sketches of the New Comers in the Congressional Directory. Tbe Washington correspondent of tho News and Courier says that the members of the South Carolina delega tion do not expect to be finally located hore for the session until after the Christmas holidays. Nearly all of them oame to Washington at the opening of the present session unaccompanied by their respective families. During the holiday recess they will go home, and upon their return they will bring back several additions to the "Palmetto Col ony." The members of the delegation are not given to "social plunging," but the families of Representatives Mc Laurln, Latlmer, Talbert and Strait Jive quietly and enjoy the society of their immediate friends and neigh bors. Senator Tiilman will doubtless re ceive considerable attention from the members of the Congressional set, for thore is curiosity to see and meet the man who oould defeat by sucn a large majority the courtly and ever popular Gen. Butler. Senator Tiilman says he does not care for social distinction, but prefers to limit his visits to his person al friends and associates. Senator Irby also finds more pleasure in his own apartments, surrounded by a group of political friends, than he could dorlve from the most aristocratic social func tion. Unlike Gen. Hampton he does not seem to appreciate tho importance of cultivating the social side of Washing ton. The first edition of tho Congressional Directory is out with biographical sketohes of new members of tho pres ent Congress. As there, are so many new faces in both tbo House and Senate the Dlrootory is now being studied with unusual diligenoe by thoas who desire to become better acquainted with the new-comers. Tbe interesting feature of these sketches lies in tbe fact that they are prepared by the Congressmen them selves, and hence you get an estimate of what eaoh man thinks of himself. Tbe ofcw-comers in the South Carolina delegation are Senator Tiilman and Representatives Elliott, Stokes and Wilson. The other members of tne delegation allow the sketches of the last Congress to stand for the present session. SKETCHES OF NEW MEMBERS. "Benjamin Ryan Tillmau, of Tren ton, was born in Edgofiold County, S C , August 11, 1847 *, received an academic education under the instruction of George Galphin at Bethany, in tin same county ; quit school in July, 1H64, to join tho Coniedm-ate army, but *a stricken wit b a severe illness, wluon oaUM d tho loss of his ieft eye and k pt hltn an invaho 'or years; lollosve'e farming as a pu suit < d ? ? >K no notiv part n politico ti i n b gsil tin- agita tion >n IMS(i foi i ml ii-l ihi i mi t oltnici ecu 'atlon, which culminaieU in in ch'.ublishment of tie C umsnn Agncu - ?urai and Mechanical Oeling?, at Cal houn's old homo. Fort Hjli; the de mand foreduuatlonH re oroi broadiMnd into a demand for ot er changes in St*te affairs, and ne ???. put forward by ihi farmers as a candid tte for Gov ernor in 1800; after an t-xciting and boated 0UUVS8H be received too nomina tion in the Demo ratio Convention b.v a volt of 270 to 50 tor his Oppen* ni ami was elected in November following: this was his first Political olllue, and tie was ro elected in 1892 by an overwhelm ing vote; his term as Governor was r.ignalized by the passage of thedisp< n sary law for the control of the liquor trafile by tho State and by the estab lishment of another college, tho Win throp Normal and Industrial College for Women, at Rock Hill, an institu tion which bids fair to lead all similar schools in tho South; entered tho race for the Senate against Gen. Butler, and the two canvassed tho Stato, county by county, with tho result that Tiilman was elected as a Democrat by tho Gen eral Assembly by a vote of 131 to 21 for Butler. His term of service will expire March 3, 1901." "William Elliott, of Boaufort, was born in Beaufort, S. CJ, September? 3, 1838; was educated at Boaufort Col lege, Harvard University and tho Uni versity of Virginia; was ndmlttcd to the Bar at Charleston in April, 1861; entered the Confederate service and served as an officer throughout tho war; in 1866 was elected a member of the South Carolina Legislature and 1 nten dun t of Beaufort; was a delegate to I the National Democratic conventions at St. 1 .oiiis in 1876 and 1888; was Dem ooratlo Presidential elector for the Stato at largo in 1880; was elected to tbe 50th and 52d Congresses ; received tho certificate of election to the 6 bit Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,650 votes, against 3,913 votes for George W. Murray, Republican." "J. William Stokes, of Orangeburg, was born in Orangeburg County in 1853, was brought up to farm life, attending the ordinary schools of his oounty and town until he was 10 yoa-s of ago; graduated from Washington and Lee University, Virginia, in 1876, and taught sohool for twelve years, gradu ating meantime in medicine from Van derbilt University, Tonnessoo ; in 1889 ho returned to the farm, assisted in or ganlzing the farmerf {dent of tho State " two terms; was el Sonate in 1800 to the National at Chicago in "Stanyarne Wilson, of Sparenburg, was born at Yorkville, S. O.; educated at King's Mountain Military School and Washington and Lee University, Vir ginia; admitted to the Bar by act of the Legislature in 1880, he then being a minor; located at Spartanburg in 1881; has closely adhered to the prac tice of law and, Incidentally, to poli ties ; also interested In cotton manu facturing, gold mining, iron works and agriculture; elected to the lower house of .he Stato Legislature in 1884 and 1890 and to the State Senate in 1892, serving in the latter body as chairman of the judiciary committee ; was nomi nated for Congress at the Democratic primary election in August, 1894, re ceiving 1,500 majority over all his com petitors, and was eleoted as a Democrat ?t the ensuing general election, receiv ing 8,425 votes, against 2,771 votes for L. D. Melton, Republican." TUN POLITICAL OUTLOOK. A Bit of Gossip in Regard to Pros pective Candidatee In this State. Correspondence Atlanta Constitution. "The constitutional convention will prove the greatest political graveyard over seen in South Carolina," is a re mark credited to one of the most prom inent of the State's politicians. Tbis may prove true, for seldom has anything stirred tbe political pot so deeply and caused so many ambitions to rise to the surface. The byplay be tween Governor Evans and Senator Irby for the United 8tatesSenator8hip that the next Legislature will have to QU was an expected Incident to the convention and created no surprise. The pot was quietly simmering, but it began to boil violently when toe con vention deoided to add another mem ber to the Supreme Court. Then the friends of deserving men began to plume their candidates. Speaker of the House Ira B. Jones most natui ally irfts prominently men tioned, as ho had been a candidate for the Associate Justiceship now tilled by Justice Gary, by whom he had been defeated. The friends of Colonel Rob ert Aldrieh, of Barnwell, and he has very many, think him particularly well qualified for so high a position, and his elalms are being presented. It was not strango, oithor, that Hon. George Mower, of Newberry, who has done muoh to promote peace and unity in the State, and whose abilities as a lawyer had boon recognized by the ad ministration, so much so that he had been retained to aid the attorney gen eral in legal matters of greatest mo ment to tho State. Nor was It unnat ural that Hon. D. S. Henderson, of Alken, should also be mentioned. He has been recognized as one of the lead ing lawyers of tbe State, and in tbe convention he has made a bright rec ord. Cirouit Judge Earle, who, though he opposed Senator Tiilman for the governorship, had his eminent abili ties so far recognized by tho reformers as to be elected to the cirouit bonch by them. Other candidates will probably appear later, but as can be seen the next legislature will not have difficulty In finding good material on wbioh to lay the judicial ermine. But the gossip did not stop there. Should Judge Earle be elevated to tbe Supreme Bench, M-. Haynsworth's slalms to the Circuit Bench would be presented as a fit successor to Judge Karle. Solicitor Bellinger, of Barn well, was mentioned as the possible mocossor to Judgo James Aldrieh, the nid of whose term is near et hand. And Mr. Breazualo, of Anderson, would not allow Mr. Haynsworth to have a walk over for Judge Earle's place in 'use of the latter's elevation. it is said that ex-Congref-sman Soorge Johnstone will give Congress man Lutitnur another tu--lo for his piace, and tnat Senator McCalla, of Abb vi '?>, will join in the tight. Mr W. B. Wiinon, ol Rock Hill, it is -a '. ? "lid 11tC'r U> succeed Congress man iti'ail and Mr Floyd, of Kershaw, ? tin ?uiu way. Mi H lJ.iitoo. of Richland, will be iiiyu hy hin friends to attempt to nee d Congressman S.anyarno Wil 'iii, and Mr Von K?rnitz will ask Con . i essman Bniott wliy a Charleston man - mini i or represent tnat district. And it is ; aid Congressman MoLau riu will have to load W. D. Evans, of Marlboro; ?. ?. Burn, of Dailington ; J E. Eilerbe, of Marlon, and Jeremiah Smith, of Hurry, a race if he succeeds himself next time. Tbe rumor goes that Mr. Frank Gary h* slated to succeed Speaker Ira B. Jonen if that gentleman is made Asso ciate .1 ustmo and Mr. Prince, of Ander son, will try conclusions with Solicitor Ansol. So it can be seen that constitution making was not the only tiling in tbo minds of the delegates, but plans were laid which may or may not "gang a'gleo." THE IHSCOKD OF A YKAK. TV hat South Carolina Has liaised on Her Farms?Largo Yields and Good Prices. Tho State. This has been an abundant harvest year in South Carolina and tho farmers may be said to havo been blessed. The year was In strange contrast with tbo Ereceding ono, particularly as prices ave boon so much better for farm products. Du-ing the year just closed, while the offioial figures are not yet at hand, the estimate by competent authority is that the corn crop has beon the largest ever harvested In this Stato. The total crop is estimated at 20,000, 000 bushels. The avorago yield per acre has boon 15 bushels, agalntt 12 i iast year. The largest previous corn orop was about 17,000.000 bushels. It is estimated also that the Stato has furnished to the markets of the world this year 638,148 bales of cotton, the average bale being 450 pounds. The acreage in cotton during tho year lust closing is estimated at 1,957,000. The prices paid'for the crop are pretty generally known. It is thought that the average prloe per pound will work out to be almost 6 cents for the entire orop. Besides all this grain crops were un usually fine the past year, and so was the tobacco crop, the latter bringing excellent prices. Again tho smoke houses of the State nave been filled with suffloleat hog and hominy and like products, it is said, to feed tbe en tire State for two years. It may be added, also thaf South )lina has never had a better fruit than this ha? beon. The of an unusually tine quality re was an abundance of it, rood prices in the northern i Is true also of tho melon BTaU in all South Caro rsent year in a far bot |f|. a1"* has ended any GOVERNOR EVANS IH ATLANTA WHAT HB SAID ON CAROLINA DAY. lie Stund? Up Squarely Ihr South Carolina and the Demoomlo Parly. The following is the full text of the speech of Governor John Gary Evans, delivered at the Cotton Statt a and In ternational Exposition, Atlanta, Ga., on November 30th 1896: Mr. President, Your Exoellenoy, La dles and Gentlemon of Georgia and my own Fellow Citizens . To say that we thank you for this hearty weloome seems oold and lnoifferent from a mother to her daughter, for it has been truly said that Georgia is really a daughter of South Carolina, and she is a daughter indeed. (Groan.) You may groan, but yet she is not ashamed Of her daughter. (Applause.) South Carolina is proud of her daughter, (applause) and she stands here to-day to bear evidence for what we did in past; .that when we nurtured this in fant ; when we protected her from the Indian and Spaniard, it was not in vain we stand here to-day and say, in deed you do us proud. (Applause and obeers.) And now, bis Excellency, the Governor, has seen fit to say that the Governor of South Carolina has no appreciation for her lovely unughters. Why, sir. you don't know me. (Ap plause.) Wo have brought here upon the soil of Georgia 205 of the fairest maidens that God Almighty ever cre ated. (Applause.) They are - tumped with more purity than he has stamped the lily ; they are stamped with more beauty than ho has painted the rose bud, and, sir, when I stand in the pres ence of these holy creatures; when I stand hero and contemplate my own miserable self, I can only exclaim, " How unworthy a creature you are of one of these lovely women." (Ap plause.) That is my appreciation. Not lack of appreciation ; though pos sibly Borne may say, too grout an ap preciation, bur^t cannot be. South Car<4LWf8 proud of her wo men;*fdie. is proutl "of what they have done in the past; she is proud of what they represent in the' present; andlstie . feels Bate in what they will accom plish and speak for her in the future. This day has been 6et apai t as a day of Thanksgiving by the Presidont of tho United States and by the Gov ernors of the separate States In the Union. Wo have much, fellow citi zens, to be thankful for, but South Carolina and Georgia stamped by their Individuality can exclaim without any degree of hypocrisy ov spirit of tho Pharisee, " We thank thee, oh ! God, we are not as other people are." There is a characteristic individu ality of the South Carolinian, that characteristic is not so great between the South Carolinian and the Georgian because we are ono people, and al though divided by the Savannah, in the words of your own immortal Grady, ?' That is more of a bond than a boun dary." (Apjilau.se.) We cannot forget, as your Governor has Haid, you cannot forget, South Carolina cannot forget, that when she was oppressed; when the heel of the tynant bore heavily upon ber, it was the strong arm of thoXJeorgians that oame to her rescue in '76. We thank you for it. Wo tbauk yo\i for what you have done in the past and we thank you for giving us this oppor tunity of coming here and showing to the world tho superiority of South Carolina. (Applause and cheers.) Why, the other day 1 saw an inter- j view from a Yankee General, in which be stated that the South was progress ing ; that tho South was improving, j except poor South Carolina, and she ; was still feeling the effects of seces sion. Yes, she feels It; she feels tho | effects- of the tribute she pays to ? the national government for being , whipped; but when she pays it, she | pays it with a protest, and when it is , stated that t>ho feels the effects of < secession it is tru I; but to-day, fellow Citizen?, we stand and proclaim as our i own Pinckney did, that we Btill have '* Millions for defense but not a cent J for tribute." South Carol inu pays ! tribute to no man and no State except , that imposed upon hor by force of law , and of a strong hand ; but we pay it, | and as wo pay it we do not murmur. But \ the time has come for the South Caro linian and every Southerner to think lor himself and tospoak for himself and in the balls of Congress let It be known that these Southern States are in this Unio.i, a part of this Union and by the grace of God we propose to control | this Union. (A voice, "That's right.") Why should it not bo right? (Ap- i plause.) Was it not right In the past? I Was It not right under tho training of your fathors? The training of states manship that you received, the prin ciples they inculcated in you, are they not just as dear as they were before 1865? And, follow citizens, this Southland will bloom in spite of tho remarks of gonerals, In spite of the remarks of judges hostile to us. It seems now that every presidential can didate of the Republican party feels it incumbent upon him to hit South Carolina a lick. But fellow citizens, the result is that South Carolina never has to go out of the conflict for re pairs. (Great applause.) Now, fortunately, our works are hero to speak for themselves ; we are not a people to herald our virtues before tho world; wo arc not a people to pro claim what wo aro doing. We are not a people possessod of too much brass. We have always had brains ; we have always had integrity ; .we have always had statesmen. (Great applause and cheers.) TbatspeakB more and Bounds louder than the boating of cymbals over past triumphs. That is whore she stands to-day. She apologizes for nothing she has done In the past; she apologizes for nothing she does in the present. She is to day tho loader of tho South i*i in dustrial enterprises. She spends more money in proportion to nor wealth tban any State In the Union for the education of her children, and we do It without a word. It Is not necessary to blow trumpets. We stand, fellow citi zens, in this position, our industrial progress lies In the manufaoture of cotton ; 'n that she comes first; we can not ox pect to be anythingmore. That comes to us naturally. But we stand realizing that grand principle of gov ernment that South Carolina has al ways recognized, that true Demooraey dwolls only in the hearts of the agri-1 oulturlst. Sir, what concerns us to day is, that what was Once a solid South in now dismembered, and we have a solid North confronting us. Where ie Domooracy on this Thanks giving Day ? We oan only say, Thank God, it is no worse. It is bad enough, but we, fellow oitizons, oherish Demo oraey ; and to-day the only Democracy found in this glorious land Is South of Mason and Dlxon'sllne in the hearts of the agriculturist, who lives under his own vine and fig tree, and that alone can nurture patriotism. That Is t eeneeniH ub; that is what we ve to meet and wo nearer the in art; while sotue South erners are teuiptod tu bow down and worship the gulden idol*. We are told that "you aro fauatics; you ?de not understand the principles of gbyni ment," aud unless you allow \this syphon to bo introduced into -yTT?r heart and allow them to suck from you your lifo blood, they say, "Tout prosperity and true government eun never be ob'aiuud." Sir, it cau bo obtained. The principles upon which this government was founded can bo perpetuated, but it will novel- bo pt-r Ketuated by the Sh y look, It, wil< never e perpetualuU by the banker, it will never be perpetuated by the manu facturer, but it will be perpetuated by the men who own the soil and tho men who till the sell ; who live under their own vine und d,: tree, who love the treeB as Grauy t-uio, who lovo the forest; who lovo tnu eins thut stand n their pathway and glories in the home ho innubits. I Applause.) These aio the men who give birth to natri-jtism, these are the men win can save, to s country against corporate wealth that had been amHssed aud is being amassed in the North ; there is no hope for you in the Northeast. It is solid'. Thuir ouiy desire is to lleece you, and to got the last p. ony from you thoy oun. The only hope for you is the Woe-t. Why do 1 say so? "The South is sn agricultural country. Sou in Carolina .t ans in the inauulaoiuro ol cotton, it is true; but she is an agricultural Slate; sbe reaii.'.os that the founda tion of all wealth in agriculture. Where Oo you lino tbcin ? She must got her friends from those who are the Iricndsof agriculture. Where do yon Und them V Only in the West and Southwest, aud there Is your alliance, aud lot mo givo warning bore to-day : let mo toll the young Southerner who goes to Congress that he should r.o there and let his voice bo heurd : lot him raise his protest against this ac cumulation of wealth : against the destroyers of this republic, and us his father did in tho past, for tno princi ples of good government.^.. principles of good govern^ from his dps as it did from tin,' fore fat hers. Lot it never .wo can do nothing. Wo thing. Dojj't say we can God ne^erlTS'.llill 'slU'll helps him who holps bimse" unless you go there and raa fight and make this protest never hope to win. You will b cised if you do, as you criticisms of South Carol h Tlllman. (Applause and Throw it aside, cast it away, b^ It is simply the true prinolp Democracy ; tho true principles alono can perpetuate and preservl republic. No republic can live' centralization and concentration wealth in tho hands of the fowl country can live which starves] great mass of its people. No coul can livo and prosper on the aiuoul money which is seen tit to be d| out to it in a few band fulls by i tali sis. Why, twelve men to-day bankrupt thia nation : twelve tnon^ paralyze thia government: twelve can to-day stop the wheels of progress und commerce in this great republic. Shall these things continue? What an object lesson have wo here? What does this lOxpositton teach? It has opened tho eyes of the world to tho wealth of the South. It lias shown bo tho North that the South can make her own future. It has shown-.to them, indeed, thut sho is independent. It has shown to them the rosou.COB that 3xist here; that live here and are. burled here, only to be dug out by the faithful worker who loves bis own Southland. (Applause.) When tho South tukes again the lead which sbe relinquished only by force of arms, then and not till then will prosperity ind progress be assured aud her (nun lations strengthened and this ? oiintry bo safe, and the ll^vg of cur united country he raised on our National Japitot. (Applause and cheers.) I thank you, sir, again for .'bjs icarty welcome to Georgia; I thank fo\x for the good words said of us and if South Carolina, and as I said before, wo aro but one people; wo have out mo home; wo have but one destiny, ind that destiny must bo worked out land in hand and heart in heart by mose who lovo their country, its pro verity >>nd its progress. (Greoi ap plause and \ he. rs ) Manassas and Appomattox.?The Manassas (Va.) Journal s .ys that the public sale of the McLean estate, brings .oour mind the most singular e.o-in-j jidouco wo recall in our reading of hisj ,ory : Tho tirst mooting of the Army of the] Potomac and tho Army of Nort.be Virginia took place at Blackburn's] Uerd, July 18, 1861, and brought on tho first pitched battle of tho war. At 10 it. in. of that day Boaurogard took his headquarter.-, at the McLean aud there McDowell attacked h^ a heavy force of infantry and. On the Oth of April, 1865, days of almost constant Iii commanders of tli ? < ?^kWfeT71. runf and Lee, mot at tin- M-- Wean House at Appomattox and drew Up tho terms ol the Burrendor. Whon BeaurOgard evacuated Ma nast'ii8, Major McLean removed bill family to Fauquior. As the tide ol the war rolled again around thorn' thoj removed for tho second time to Lunon' burg and therein 18011, the major re turnod one day and told t hem he would move thorn this time where the soum] of tho battlo " would never roach ther more." Thoy Rented the brick house ?J Appomattox, i\ I jjfrfr^ torlc. and towi. of the war c which it so siul] so It happoned \ quontly said, him and ondedl ?Two of ttho ows in Now [Yorki Grant, wife of tin er, and Mrs. JelTerJ the ProBidont of States, says tho Now ()f Mrs. Grant owns a maJ on the fashionable Woa Riverside Park. Tho Iii and libraries aro 111 led witll of the distinguished g.nj are battlo pictures huj flags, busts In bronj wonderful njlfts fj Mrs. Davisllh Mlsa Winnie} lonable ho\f she rocolvej ern hoeplU and Soul] i strange tin the war spheres, on] the othor should West. Yort they spond^ {irovli Owltj