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?l)c Caurcns ^V?uertiscr. P??LH?KBD IVH<Y TUESDAY. HDBOKIFTION m.no PRR YIAK HARD TIMES FIFTY YEARS AGO. THF. UI'S ANI> DOWNS OF COT. TON. How Urn Hcvciiiii' and Financial M>n kmiih yiVcct tho I'rleo of the (Jreal Staples-Facts of'.Genera ir.Intereat to Cotton Growers. ArtSnt* C'ou?titutlon. Persons unacquainted with the his ' tory of the prices of cotton will be ex cused for saying present prices are without precedent. Those so unac quainted might include the oxpert In the prico ana quantity of cotton, for if ono does not soarch for the history he will likely not know it. Therefore, I ? think It Important that this should bo known. In this, as in nearly every thing, wo cannot undorstand tho pres ent and predletthe probabilities of tho future, unless we know tho past. Tho narrative I shall make will uo doubt astonish the overwhelming majority of tho prosont generation?oven of in telligent men. In March, 183", short stuplo cotton was worth 17 conts por pound. It sud denly took a decline until in a short while It got down to 0 cents por pound. Tho lowor grades touched 4 cents and there woro evou transactions as 3 and a fraction. That cotton should ever bavo been as high as 17 cents per poucd will surprise many, and it will no moro surprising when I Bay 1 found umong tho papers in a law suit whero an executor had charged himself with 20 cents a pound, sold In 181U. Sad to say from 18117 to the summer of 1841) cotton sold at 0 cents. It was only oc casionally it would jump up to 7 and perhaps to 8 cents, and just as quiekly recede. It will bo perceived that for t'wolvo long years cotton ruled at in-ices that it cost to muko it und ovon ess. In plantation and slavery times it was the estimate of tho cotton plant ers that it cost t> cents to make cotton, and this whero tho planter owned his labor and his land. Iloneo unless cdt ton brought 8 conts there was no profit in growing It. Tho period 1 spoak of was ono of awful financial distress. It was present during tho presidential campaign of 1840 und defeated Martin Van Burou for bis socond torm, for tho pooplo could not help thinking it was tho fault of his minist rat ion. The t i nies would have defeated any party In power. Georgia, although gonorully a Bomocratlc Stato, went agulnst Van -^?uron by 8,000 majority, but at tho very next olcctlon elected tho Domo cuatlc candidate for Governor, Charles f. McDonald, by moro than four thou sand. All things considered, tho times now are notnonr as hard us they woro dur ing tho years mentlonod. It is now folt almost entirely by tho laboring classes, or those who have to depend upon their personal oxortions for a living. Then everybody folt it, and nouo us much as tho property owner. During tho "Hush times" largo in debtedness was contracted. Judgments for largo umounts woro rondered against a very largo per cont. of tho population, the banks fuilod in overy direction and largo properties, both roal and personal, woro sacrificed un der tho sheriff's hammer. Neverthe less, wheat, corn and bacon commanded good prices. Now the.man who gots only low wages can buy nearly every thing he noods at lower prices than ovor boforo. Wheat Is ovon cheaper than corn, aud sugar is to be had at twieo as much for u dollar than the price it hero ut the timo I wrlto of. Wearing apparel and the fabrics nec essary to make uhein are lower than ovor. Then property shrank in value much more tbun now. A man slave worth $1,000 would sell at sheriff's sale at from $200 to $300, aud lauds and plantations in proportion. .To escape the impending calamity some of our rich planters abandoned their lands and ran awuy with their slaves and five stock to Texus. Texas was then the independent Lono Star Stato. Porsons,\to escape the penal ties of crimo, alsOj'un away to Texas, and tho Stato was largely populated by t hose who had run away from tho States for dobt or crimo, These woro so numerous that that element was a i.:dor in politics. It did not hurt a man if ho wont to Toxax to keep from paying hisdobts. One run-away plant er I can rocull was mado Governor of the State, and a run-away lawyer was made United Statos Sonator, and a grand man ho proved himself to be. Before he hold oflieo ho remitted back to tho States the full a mount of bis in debtedness. Now, what was tho cause of this stringency, and as connected with it tho low prico of cotton ? Liverpool controlled the price of cotton thon, as now?that Is, if it is true that Liver pool is tho only factor in tho prico of cotton. But thon, as now, thuro was troublo in tho United Statos growing out of our tariff and our linunelal sys tom. As to tariff, wo woro living un der tho compromise of Ibil.'l, which was a high tariff compared with that of 1840, under which cotton went us high as 12 cents por pound and hardly over fell bolow 10 cents. Wc woro also feeling tho effects of our chnngo from tho United States bank to what was called tho " nat ional bank system " by President Jackson, and the establish ment of what was called tho "inde pendent treasury system," in I8.T7, un dor Van Burun's administration. It seems from this that the tariff and tho financial systems aro important factors in tho price of cotton. It also seems that tho prico of cotton is an impor tant factor In tho prosperity of tho people. How it is I do not know. I only state facts. The prosont low prico of cotton comes when tho McKinley tariff had boon in force, and when sil vor bnd boon demonetized, and whon that demonetization has been intensi fied by the repeal of tho obligation to coin so much sllvor every month under what is called tho Sherman law. Is It not possible thut tho two has run cot ton down, although " Llvorpool con trols tho price?" If cotton was run down, when tho tariff and currency woro as they wero bofoio, may not that bo the important factor in the low prico of cotton now, although *t Llvorpool controls tho prico?" But, after all, what I havo writton Is (bore for tho oncouragemont of our people than to discuss tho questions. Wo have seen that although cotton ruled from 4 to 7 conts?mostly (5?for twolvo yearn, afterwards it ruled from 10 to 12 cents. It suroly will advance aguin unloss the supply should continu ously largely oxceod thodoraand. This 1b improbable, because cotton is con stantly extending itself to other for eign nations und is boing moro and more used as a Sllbstltllto for wool, silk aud Max. It will bo perceived that chronologically tho Incroaso In the price of cotton in 1840 was after the tariff of 184(1 had had timo to havo its effect, and aftortho independent treas ury system had bad timo to show its otfeots. Slnco then wo had tho long ' war, and slnco the war the tinkering on both tho tariff and ourrency by Congross. I will clo80 by rolatlng an Interest ing episode of tho rise of cotton In .1810 within my own knowlodge. Whon tho news camo in July or August that cotton had gono up to 0 conts, whoro it had not been In twolvo yoars, I was at the Indian spring. Also was thoro <;.)veroor Troup. Ho was a rctddont ruf Laurena County and a largo cotton plante-, having aovoral plantations. There would bo quite a company sur i .and tho ox-govornor at Intervals in v. hat wo then called tho pla/./.a, now t he varanda, to hear hlrn talk. Ho '? h very m'W -tb.g- * dkor,i nn|l uortant ovcnts that had taken place at I Washington city which ho would re late. Tim glorious news of the rise in cotton ctktno during one of those con ventions. 41 Well, says tho governor. " it comes in a good time for mo. I have two crops ?n hand, besides the ono growing.' General Hartwell H. Turvof was present. Who was a largbr planter thau tho governor, his planta tions being iu Twiggs and Bakor, hut tho gcdoral was always a roachor out for moro lands and slavos and did not hold his cotton, lie sprang up from his chair as suddon as could be and said : " By tho eternals, I always said vou wore the wisest man in Georgia." 'There is no doubt we have fallen upon "hard times," and the future looks dark, but in this, as In other things, I take consolation from tho good old wife who had a disconsolate husband who could see nothing but disaster in tho futuro. She would console him by saying: " Never mind, old man somehow wo will get along." I have | confidence that " somehow wo will get along." Hichakd H. Clark. Atlanta, Ga., October 20, 1804. TO COTTON GKOWKR8. A Call for a Meeting Next Month to DlactiHS the Causes for Depressed Prices. Hector D. Lane, commisslonor of ag riculture of Alabama, has issued a call for a mooting of Southern cotton grow ers, to convene at Montgomery, Ala., November 13th, to discuss tho causes leading to the present depressed con dition of tho cotton market. The call begins as follows: " To the Cotton Growors : It Is a mat ter of the utmost Importance to the farmers of the South that the reports now being sont out by cotton manipu lators should bo refuted. That the present low prices aro based upon floti tlous reports no Intelligent mau doubts; that tho ' private estimate ' sent out from Now Orleans to tho olTect that tho prosont cotton crop would excood 10,000,000 bales has had a depressing tendency is genorally admitted, al though not supported by any provious statistics or predicato to go upon, but uu unprocodonted delivery up to date, which urgumonTean bo answered with tho undeniable, fact that WO have the most propitious season ovor known for gathering the staplo throughout tho out ire cotton bolt. I vouchsafe tho prediction that if tho samo wonthoc continues two weoks longer that ovory halo of cotton grown in Alabama can be j; a the red. ?? My calculations aro based upon per sonal observations, having travoled through North Alubama by privato conveyance for tho lust ten days, and Its value isonhanced by tho well-known fact that cotton raised In that section is about tho last to mature." He then urges the farmers to hold ns much of their cotton as possible with out det rimenf to their cieditors, and ? holds that it will bo advantageous to all concerned ultimately. Ho concedes that resolutions without action aro valueless, but cites tho farmers' con gress hold ut Memphis, January, 18!?2, whlchdeereasod tho aeroago that year, [ and consequently gave the farmers j good prices for their cotton. His prin | cipul tight will be upon false estimates sent out by tho cotton exchanges and cities and tho 10,000,U00-balo estimate econtly sont from Now Orleans, mark ed "private." Tho cotton interests of the South, he holds, can only bo protected by concorted uctlon. Tho call closod with jho following pointed remarks: " Now, in view of tho mooting named and the Imperative demand upon tho Southorn farmer to undertako protec tive measures along these lines, I in voke tho assistance of tho pross of tho South in culling a meeting of tho cot ton raisors at Montgomery, Ala., Tues day, Noveuibor 13, 181)4. By that time I will have gathored tho olliciul statis tics through the agricultural bureaus that they may bo presented publicly, not privately, for the benefit of those Interested. I hopo ull farmers who aro able to do so without doing an injus tice to creditors will hold their cotton until aftor tho meeting, whore wo can doliborato ovor tho situation and de vise some means to give ' a fight to tho finish,' inviting the he ?ty co-opera tion of the press and asking that the farmers will give this important mat tor u consideration and send intelli gent representatives at the time and place named." The New Orleans Cotton KxchaiiRe simply Furnishes Facts. New Orleans, Oct. 26.?In re ference to tho circular lottor of Hon. Hector Lane, commissioner of agricul ture for tho Stato of Alabama, in re lation to the causes of tho depression of cotton, tho reporter of tho Southorn Associated I'ross interviewed Presi dent Laboulsse and Secretary Hester, of tho Now Orleans Cotton rJxchange, President Lubouisse said that, "In so far as tho Now Orleans Cotton Ex change is concerned Commissioner Lane is certainly in error : that tho Now Orleans Cotton Exchange had never at this season or in any past season put forth an esthuato of any kind relating to tho eotton crop ; that the business of tho exchange was to obtain information of tho facts aftor they had occurred, aud not to muko forecasts or estimates of any kind ; that tho New Orloaus Cotton Kxehango had nothing to do with, nor doos it in any manner aid or countenance tho making of either privato or oOicial estimates on the probbulo production of cotton; therefore, the statoment that the principal light In tho conven tion called by Mr. Lane would bo on tho false estimates sent out by tho cot ton exchangos and cities could not in any way refer to tho Cotton lOxchancro of New Orleans." Mr. Hester fully concurred in this statement. Keeping Sweet potato vines.?a writer in tho Texas Farm aud Uanch gives the following directions for keop ing sweet potato vines through winter, to bo used In early spring for seed : Cut tho vines closo to the hill ; takp a knife and clip off leaves nnd loaf steams closo to the vino, and if vines bo longer than four feet, cut them in two or more pieces, for convoulonco. Select a place well drulncd. Baiso a little mound tho size you wish your hill, about eight inches high iu tho middlo, sloping to edge. Now put down a layer of vines, two inches deop : cover with fine uurth, und so continuo u luyor of vines, alternated with flno curth until you form n cono shaped hill. Cover this with corn s talks, or anything to keep dry and keep from freezing. Vines uro much cosier to keep than potutocs, and in Januury or February you will have nice vines to plant, much earlier than sots, and they make the nicest and smoothest potatoes. As viuoloss yams aro vory scarce, very much moro potato seed can bo saved by this met hod. and at tho samo time a hen toforo m-olofs part of plant uti lized. 1 havo gardened several years and never failed to savo potato vines, white at the same timo I havo had all my potatoes to rot. ?Wo have known women to watch at tho bedside of tho dying, with such loyal lovo ns to almost to drlvo back tl.o grim messenger. Wo havo known them to conquer in tho battle of lifo whore strong men havo failed. We havo known them to brace the armour of tho soldior, and, without a tear, send him to fight for country, with the in junction to return with 1. <a SWOl'd Or upon it. Hut we have novor known a woman who could sit still when sho saw a mouse. i ho was dooply in dobt was eiitli. " Ah," ho sighod, 'Ivo until I had paid ?A man who was dooply in dobt was slok unto dcaj' "if I could off my dobts.' " HumphTMjojj EAELY DAYS IH WA8HIN0T01T. I'll i; CAPITAL OF THR YOUNG IIKPUUIUIC. s?n ini bit** In the Hegliiiiing ofOnr National KjslKtence? How it I*>okc<i to Folcl^nei k. Social life lu New York and Phila delphia, while these citieB were suc cessively the capital of tho United Utatos does not seem to have been altogether ploaalng to foreign visitors, but it must have been beautiful and luxurious compared with the first years of Washington. Henry Loomls Nelson, in the November Harper's, describes some of the honest orudites of that early period under the title "At the Capital, of the Young Re Kubllo." The following extracts will o found interesting: Lifo In Philadelphia during those ten years?from 1790 U- 1800?must have been as delightful as provlnolal life can ever be to those who are bred In capitals. There was a little gloss of llnlBh, and there was the beauty of tho American women, which led to certain international marriages, but there was the eternal montony -of a new and small society. Outside of this temporary capital, iu the woods whoro tho people were beginning to build an empire, was to be found the real life of the new experiment. Civilization had pitched its tent there, but while the future glowod with hope for tho country and |for hu manity, tho present was crude and uncomfortable. Tho fow Europeans who saw the hopefulness of the experi ment woro raon of broad and philo sophic minds. Most of thoso who came hither on business or for pleasure complained only of the barbarism of tho backwoods. The representatives of foroign countries who were forced to dwoll at the seat of government found lifo almost unbearable. It was of Turreau, whom Napoleon Bent as mlnlstor to the Unltod States In 1804, that Mr. Honry Adams was writing whon he said: *' At beBt, tho position of a French minister in America was not agroeablo. The more dlfforonco in habits, manners, amusomonts, and the want of a thousand luxuri?s and pleasures such as made Paris doar to every Frenchman, rondered Washing ton a pluco of exile. Porhaps nothing but fear of tho guillotino could havo reconciled oven republican French men to staying in a country whoro, in tho words of Talleyrand, thoro was no Fronchmau who did not fool himself a stranger." But what did JelTorson or Madison care for Turreau?Turreau of whom Dolly Madison wrote, " I havo heard sad things of Turreau?that ho whips his wifo, and abuses her dr'oadfully "; tho wife who was sorvaut in his jail, who rubbed out tho red mark on his door placed there as a guido to tho gulllotlnors. and whom ho married because sho had thus saved hiB life? If Philadelphia was sad, what can be said of Washington in thoso early days? Whon tho government moved thoro in 1800 the journey was made over roads that did not deserve tho namo of highways, that woro mere wagon-tracks biazod through the woods. Tho wagons woro rough und sprlngless makeshifts. Tho company was promiscuous and democratic. Tho inns were generally noat, but tho food was chio?y of salted pork. Thoro was ovorywhoro inadequate accom modation. Europeaus complained that they woro compollod to sloop in rooms which contained from two to u dozen beds, and sometimes to occupy a bod with u stranger. The journey from Maltimere to Washington that is now made in an hour required a long day a century ago, whilo tho best part of threo days was consumed by the journey from Philadelphia to tho new capital. As Mrs. John Adams recullod it, tho way was sombre, the woods woro thick, tho swampB woro noisome, tho ovidences of lifo woro few. Now and then a hut was soon in a small oloaring, and thoro were inns at tho end of tho stages between Philadelphia and Georgetown. Washington itsolf was tho most un comfortable capital in tho world. Nothing was fluished. Tho Prosidont moved into an uncompleted White House, und Congress into un uncom pleted Capitol. Pennsylvania Avonuo was described by John Cotton Smith as a " deep morass coverod with alder bushes." Tho trees had boon cut from it, sidewalks had boon made with chips from the stone of tho Capitol, tho black Tiber Crook which orossed it had boon spanned by a timber bridge. Here and there woro groups of wooden buildings for tho accommo dation of Congressman. Six' brick dwelling-houses that arc still standing on Pennsylvania Avonuo between Twcnty-lirst and Twenty-second streets had beon built with monoy derivod from tho sale of lottery tickots. There was one good tavern about forty rods from tho President's house, but thoro was ouormous dilliculty .n securing lodgings. Tho members of Congress, tho cabinet oiliccrs, and all but a fow persons who woro compelled to keop house lodged in tho tavern and board ing-houses. What discomforts they ondured is best illustrated by an entry in tho diary of a mombor of Congress. " Spoaker Sedgwick," he wrote, was allowed a room to himself: tho rest of us In pairs." Tho Northern members who had novor favored tho removal of tho capital to tho banks of tho Potomac bogan to talk about their expatriation, and to grumble at the loss of luxuries they had en joy od in Now York, and especially in Philadelphia. Attempts to repair tho mistake and to movo back to Philadelphia, woro ut onco begun. Thoso falling, an effort was made 1804 to remove tho capital to Baltimore. Tho two wings of tho Capitol wore not comploted until 1811, and so slow had beon tho progross of Washington that after the public buildings had burned by tho British IT'S DANOJJIi O US GR O UND that you stand on ??with a oough or a cold, and your blood impure. Out of just theso con ditions comos Con sumption. You must do something. In tho earlier stagos of Consumption, and in all the condi tions that lead to .it, Doctor Piorce's Qoldcn Medical Discovory is a cer tain remedy. This t[scrofulous affection \y of the lungs, liko O every other form + '? ?* of Scrofula, can be oured by it. In severe, lingering Coughs, all Bronchial, Throat, ana Lung Affections, and evory disease that can bo reached through the blood, it is tho only medioine so ef fective that it can bo guaranteed. If it doesn't boneflt or euro, you havo your money back. Nervous prostration and debility aro con quered by it. SOMKTlflNQ IS LOST Wlie 11 yOU URS Dr. Sage's Ca tarrh Kcmody, It's Catarrh. Tho worst cases yield to its mild, soothing, cleansing, and healing properties. No ms'ter how had your oase, or of how long s'mding, you can be oured. Incurable eases uro rare. It's worth 1 ?500 iyoujiavaoo*. ? I r lo 1814 thero was a strong party in' Congress opposed to an appropriation for their repair. The people who dwelt in the " Fed eral City" in 1800 were poor. Idle, un clean. Mr. Wolcott said. "They live like ?sbes, eating each other." Somo of them were white, and some of them woro negroes. Tho most considerable pe 1*0008 in tho sottlemont were Mr. Iaw, an Englishman who had gone thoro to spoeulato in land, and Mr. Burns, upon whoso farm tho White House and other public buildings were erected. It was as difficult to pro cure laborers or to find tradesmen as It J was to secure comfortable lodgings. Both were to be had no nearer than,' Georgetown, now part of Washington, but then a distant port, to be reaohel only after an arduous journey overt oxoorable roads, muddy or dusty, a 1 the weather was wet or dry, and' through a swamp which crossed what in now one of the main avonuee in the fashionable part of the oity. Gouvc neur Morris, writing to the Princess de la Tour ot Taxis, in 1800 said, " We want nothing here but housos, cellars, kitohens, well-informed men, amiable women, and other trifles of this kind to make our oity porfoct." Vrujo, the Spanish Ministor, said that it was impossiblo " to produce a decont I dinner at tho now capital without sending fifty to sixty miles for the material." There was social material, howover, within visiting distance of the capital, as Sir Augustus Fishor, an attaeno of the British Legation, discovered. Tho country families of Pensylvania, Virginia, and Maryland had preserved muny of tho customs of thoir English ancestry, and among them tho sport of fox-hunting. The Gloucester Fox Hunting Club of Philadelphia and tho South River Club of Anno Arundol County In Maryland woro formed early in the eighteenth century, that thoir members might enjoy periodically in groups what Was thoir almost dally pastime on thoir lands. Tho early British ministers and their secretaries and attaches (found much to umuso them and to remind them of homo on tho lurge estates in the immediate, neighborhood of Washington. Sir Augustus Fishor wrote admiringly of the " rich Maryland population," especially of the Carrolls, Lloyds, and Taylors. Ho was enthusiastic over the pretty girls of Georgetown, whoro, ho said, society was centred. Indeod, Society controd thoro for many yours. But If tho men took pleasure In chasing tho fox and In admiring tho Southern beauties, tho women must havo found time hanging very hoavy on their bands ; and the men themselves must havo longed for a littlo variety in thoir occupations, for an occasional now faco or a fresh Bubjoct for con versation. News was making very fast in Europo in tho days whon Napoleon was toppling ovor tho thronos of kings, and much of it was news in which tho government of tho United States was intensely interested, but it was a month old whon it reached America, ttnd it doubtless seemed pure idleness to discuss issues that must have boon settled boforo the Presldont and tho members of tho Diplomatic Corps had heard of them. Society at tho capital was a good deal like life at a frontier post in tho present day *, and men thon, as now, found relief from ennui in guining?which 1b said to have beon "rife"?and in drinking, whioh is said to havo boon tho national Passing or the Compass.?Tho compass may disappear from the sea, says tho Philadelphia Bocord. Tho littlo needle, by tho aid of which In trepid marines havo for centuries chartered tho vast ocoan develop ed a sudden fickleness to tho polo as soon as tho compass was placed aboard the Iron and steel ships of this ago. So crustic, have been the needle's deviations that, without frequent comparison with some known standard, tho helmsman would havo been afraid to trust tho instrument as a nautical guide ovor tho trackless waters. For the first tlmo in tho history of naviga tion an appliance has been invented which seems to bo absolutely accurate and trustworthy In tho determination of tho course of ships at sea. Liouten ant W. H. Bnecher, of tho United States nuvy, appears to have achieved this triumph in his delicato and beautiful solarometer, tho teloscopo of which is so floatod upon successive layers of quicksilver, in a vessel hung upon gim bals, that the hoaviest soa will evi dently bo unable to disturb its dead lovol. Tho authorized doop Bea trial of the steamer Weimer will decide tho futo of tho old style compass. -T> ? ? . -tim - ??"A now way has boon found out make an ugly girl beautiful and at tractive." "How is that?" " Why lot lie" go off visiting and thon get the paper to note hor arrival." U YOUNG ~? Mothers We Offer You a Remedy Which Insures Safety to Life of Mother and Child. ? Mothers' Friend Robs Confinement of Its Pain, Horror and Risk. After using ono bott ? of "Mothers' Friend" l suffered but little pain, and Old nut experience that woakness afterward, usual in such cases.? Mas. Ahnib o auk, Baxter Springs, Kan. CVScnt by Mall or Express, on receipt of price, 11.50 per bottlo. Book to Mothem mailed Free. Sold by nil nrUKgUti. BRADFIELD REGULATOR CO., Atlanta, Ga. SMITH'S VULCAN OINTMENT, SURE CURE FOR Piles, Rheumatism, Catarrh, Neuralgia, Corns and Bunions, Burns and Old Sores, Scald Head and Ringworm, Caked Breast and Sore Nip ples, Weak and Sprain ed Backs. A special ointment is made 'and sold for Itch and Itching Piles, which is guaranteed to give satisfaetion. Every box of SMITH'S VULCAN OINTMENT is sold with tho under standing that tho money will bo re funded If not satisfactory. Highest testimonials furnished as to its efficacy in Piles, Rhoumatism, Nou ralgia, <fcc. Sold by dealers in modicino ovory wboro at 26 and 50 oonts per box, or ?nailed to any address on receipt of price hi postage stamps or currency. Sample boxes free. W. j. Smith, Solo Proprietor, Greenville, S.O.. ti^Mentkm thia paper fa ordering, ' I Highest of all in Leavening Power.?Latest U. S. Gov't Report AdMwnsnr pure ?-??-? THIS MISSISSIPPI CONSTITUTION. The Qualifications for Suffrage Under tho New Plan?Details in Regard to Voting. The uew constitution of Mississippi, adopted November 1st, 1890, is quite lengthy, containing 285 sections. Tho most Interesting article is that regulat ing franchise. It provides that all elections by the people shall be by bal lot. Tho qualifications of a voter are that he must have beon a rosidont of the Stato for two years and of the elec tion district or incorporated city or town in which he offors to vote for ono year, that ho is duly registered, that no has nover been convicted of bribery, burglary, theft, arson, obtaining money or goodB under falso pretenses, perjury, forgory, oinbe&zlouiont or bigamy, and that he has paid on or before tho first day of February of tbo your in which he shall oiTer to voto all taxes which may havo boon logally required of him, ana which ho has had an opportunity of paying according to luw, for tbo two I preceding years and shall furnish satis factory evidence to tho officers holding the election that ho has paid said taxos. Ministers in charge of an organhtod church shall bo entitled to voto after six months residenco in tho election district, if ot herwise qualified. A uni form poll tax of two dollars is imposed on every male Inhabitant of tho Stato between twenty-ono and sixty years, to bo used in uid of the common schools. Deaf, dumb, blind persons and thoso maimed by loss of hand or foot uro ex empt from poll taxes. In addition to tho foregoing qualiQ- I cations ovory oloctor shall bo ablo to read any section of tho constitution of that State : or ho shall bo ablo to un- | d?rstend tho same whon read to him, or give a roasonablo interpretation j thereof. Registration is declared to bo an os-' sential and necessary qualification to voto at any and all elections. All elec tion otticors are to hold offico for terms of four years. The Governor is ineli gible to immediate ro-oleotion for a second term. Tho oloetion ordinance provides that tho ballots shall contain the names of all candidates who havo boon put in nomination not less than fifteon days previous to tho day of election. The printor shall bo sworn undor penalties of law to keep socret said ballots. Tho siso, print and quality of tho official ballot is left to tho souud judgmont of the ofllcorB chargod with printing said ballots. For the elections tho sheriff of each county shall procure a sufficient num ber of voting compartments, shelves and tables for tho use of electors, which shall be so urranged that it shall bo impossihie. for one voter at ono table, shelf or compartment to see another voter who Is preparing his ballot. Tho number of sueh voting shelves, tables or compartments shall not be less than ono for every hundred electors at each voting precinct. Each shelf, tablo und compartment shall bo kept furnished with a card of instruction postod in euch compartment, und proper supplies and conveniences for marking tho bal lots. Tho deputy commissioners of elec tion having tiio ofiiciul ballot in chargo shall remain at a placo convenient to tho tallies, shelves and compartments, and whon requested by each of tho vot ers shall huud him an oflicial ballot. On receiving it tho voter shall go Into ono of tbo compar' ... its and prepare his ballot by marking with ink in tho appropriate margin or place, across (X) opposite tho name of tho candidate of bis choice, for each office to bo filled. Before leaving the compartmont tho voter shall fold his ballot without dis playing tho marks thereon and then east it in the manner providod by law. Ho can take It) minutes to make his ballot if other voters uro not waiting, not longer thuu 5 minutes in cuso others uro waiting. No ballots can bo taken from a polling placo before tho eloso of tho polls. 141 iml persons are to bo helped by tho person or persons having tho ofiiciul bullets in charge. If more names are marked than there uro persons to bo elected the ballot will not ho counted. As to education it is made tho duty of tho Legislature to es tablish u uniform system of free public schools, by taxatiou or otherwise, for all children botweou 5 and 21 years, and, as soon as practicable to establish school.-, of higher grados. Tho com mon school fund shall consist of tho poll tax and an additional sum from tho general fund In the State Treasury sutlioient to maintain the common schools for tho torm of four months in each scholastic your. But any county or soparato school district may levy an additional tax to maintain its schools for a longer timo than tho four months torm. A public school shall bo main tained in each school district in the county at least four months during each scholastic year. Soparato schools shall bo maintained for children of the white and colored races. HURiiOD Tin: WRONG MAN. A Confederate Soldier Escaped by Changing Places With a Deud Com rade. W. C. Nixou writes from Dyorsburg, Tenn., to the Confodorato Votoran as follows : Tho question Is often asked about why It is that 1 have a tombstone, and am still alive. I was wounded aud cap tured at Mui freesboro on tho 2nd of January, 1805, was carried to Nashville with others and put in the penitentiary, from which place I made my escape tho 22d day of February; but being too weak from my wounds to truvol, I was recaptured near Trulno, at Mr. William King's I was regarded as a suspicious character, and was sont to Camp Boylo. utLouisvillo, tho meaner t district prison In tho Unltod Statos. After being robbed of everything I had (which you know must huvo beon a groat deal), 1 was photographed and placed undor striet guard ponding ex amination. I was so seared that I de termined to escape or dlo in tho at tempt. I fuddonly got so sick (?) that I had to be sent to tho hospital, hoping that some othor Idea would present it self. The hospital ward was a long ball with a door at each ond : the bods or bunks wore placed on either sido of the walls, perhaps forty on oach side. There was put on tho hcudbourd tho numo, coimauy and regiment of ouch patlontT * .y bunk was next to Ruf us I lawk ins, of Georgia, who was very slok and died the night of tho second day after I was sent thoro. Tho dead wore takon out only in tho morning ; so after the ward master had loft, and everything wusquiot, by tho assistance of my old friend, Jack Glimp, I moved Hawkins from his bunk to mine. Thoro wore no windows, and only two doors, v/hlob woro burred and guarded on the out side. The slop chute was a square hole cut in the lloor and boxed up from tho ground, muklng a passago about 18 iuohos by 0 foot through which all tho slop was emptl od. When everything was still, and tho timo hud come, I told Juok. I went Into tho holo foot foremost. My foet struck tho ground fl t, nnd 1 slippod so far and bo fast thut I foarod I would si nie through the L. and N. depot befoi e 1 could stoy. I was not on my feet when I had finished my greasy slide. Thoro was no ono present to laugh with mo, but it was very funny. I wont to tbo ho?BO of Mr. Burns, who had clothing ready 4or mo. After had washed and dressed, Mr. Burns ami two young ladies held a council and decided that Lnhould, romain'oon cealed in the house. Mr. Burns wus to act spy at headquarters, one of the young ladies watch the servant w ho only oatno to prepare meals, and tho other young lady to attend tho burial of Haw kins. My namo was used instead of his. So tho noxt morning both the guards wero locked up for neglect of duty, and dotoctlvos glvon tho descrip tion of Hawkluft. After the war tho Ladies' Monumental Sooioty erected at Hawkins gruvo a slab, and copied tho inscription on tho pino board at his head: W. C. NIXON, (Jo. G., Ith Teun. Bog., Strail's Brig. Died Makcu, 1804. Hawkins has the Kruvo, but I havo tho headstone. Smith's Vviloan Ointment for Rheuma tisru. Rend tho following testimonial from Hon. W. L. Muuldin, of Greenville, as to tho grout merits of Smith's Vulcan Ointment, which is advertised in another column : Mr. W. J. Smith : In rosponso to your Inquiry, 1 tako this oceosion to say that I huvo on soveral occasions used your Vulcan Ointment, and al ways with satisfaction. I am satisfied that it is a very valuublo remedy In aeuto attacks of rhoumutism and if used freely and porsistently willbridg Sroat roliof. 1 trust you may get this lntment generally introduced to the peoplo, as 1 know it has groat morit, and ui.liko many of tho nostrums im posed upon tho nubile by oxtensivo ad vertisements only needs to bo used to convince one of its suporlor ofheacy. Yours truly, W. L. MAUL.DIN. Wo aro ploasod to announeo that Carpontor Bros., Greenville, S. C, our ontorprislug druggists havo soeurod j tho ugency for the Japanese Pile Cure', a most wonderful discovery for tho Cure of Piles of ovory k'nd, which thoy will sell with a written guarantee to rofund tho monoy if it does not cure. It is said to bo a specific for that terri ble and dungorous disouse. Got a free samplo and try it. ?Guinees make more fuss than tur keys, but thoy lay a heap smaller egg. ?Senator Butler is now quietly rest ing at his homo in thosuberbs of Edge held. WILiIj farmers combine? Tho Salvation of Cotton Planters De pends oil Their Independence of Northern Speoulators and Combina tions. To tho Thinking Farmers of tho South : For tho past two years I liavo mado "cotton commissions " my business and daily havo I witnessed tho downward tondcncy of your product. If you will think for a moment, you will rculiio tho fact that though you arc tho pro ducers of this country and should bo the most independent, yet you are tho most dependent people of America. Why ? Because there are combinations on nearly every article you uso. Tho manufacturers of the North combino on everything and say what it shall bring, while you sell your products for whatever they are willing to pay you. Why cannot you protect your cotton in tho same way ? I should like, if it meets your ap proval, to organize a trust company called tho Southern Farmers' Trust Company, for the purpose of protecting your products from the depressing in fluences of speculators, spinners and capitalists, and provide a means by which you can name the price for your products, instead of having tho prico dictated to you, us is now tho case. I feel satislied this can ho done by form ing a trust which would bo ablo to bundle most of the cotton von grow. Let the capital stock be $50,000,800 to $100,000,001), subscribed entirely by tho farmers of the South and divided into as many shares as may bo necessary and small enough for every cotton planter to subscribe. Lot ouch farmer take stock to his utmost capacity and support the trust In every possible way. incaso you receive 10 cents for your cotton, instead of 5 cents which you uro now receiving, von save on a crop of 8,000,000 bales about $200,000,000, at least twice as much us the capital stock of tho trust company. In euso speculators should become frightened oven at the mention of the trust and advance the price of cotton, so much tho better for you, but very likely thoy would attempt at first to bluff you. I think it is now time to act. What benefits the farmer or laborer unques tionably benefits all classes. If such a plan should moot your approval, I would bo more than glad to meet a represen tative cotton grower from each Stato or Alliance, either in New York or in some Southern city, to see If something cannot be done to bring about some benofit to the South. S-.mcthing must bo done or your lands will not be worth cultivating. Very respectfully, John T. liODDBY, 80 Broadway, Now York. ''''^^kI nit ' a veterafTverdict. Tho War I? Over. A Well-known Sol dier, Correspondent and Journal ist Makes a Disclosure. Indiana contribute* he* thousands of bra re soldiers to the wer, and nostate bean a )>??( ter record In that re?p<vt than It does. In literature it la rapidly acquiring an enviable place. In war and literature Solomon Yowell, well known as a writer ay "Hoi," has won ata bonorublo position, lin ing the late war he waaa uietnl>crof Co. M, 2d- N. T. Cavalry and of the Wth Indiana In fantry Volunteers. Regarding an linporiuut circumstance lie writes as follows! "Several of us old veUsrnns here are u*.lnfr I>r. Miles' 1'e.ntorntlvo Nervlno, Heart Cure and Nerre and Llvor Pills, all of them giving splendid satlsfactloa. In fact, wo have newr u*od remedies that compare with them. Ol the Pills we must say they are the best coin, hlnation of tho qualities required in a pivp aratlon of their nature wo have ever known We hare none but words of pralso for ihcrn. Thor are the outgrowth of a new principle In medicine, and tone up tho system wonder fully. We say to all, try thrne remedies." - Holomon Yewell, Mario?, Ind., Dec. 5, ISM. Those remedies are sold by all druggists on rpositive guarantee, or sent direct hy tho >r. Miles Medical Co., Elk hart, Ind.. on ro tolpt of prlco, ft per bottle, six bot t los *6, ex press prepaid. They positively contain neitMt Igt? tux u<* qiutecaoui ?iu?s. Sold by Carpi i.tor Bros., Druggists Green-flUb, ?. C, pi.-"i?^"Vrti'TiHyfcwT*iHWi>ni ?Secretary Huke Smith has request ed the Seoretary < > f War to seed troops to the Indian Territory to suppress lawless bands wbiuh have been operat ing there and iu the adjacent country. Accompanying the request was a com munication Secretary Smith had re ceived from Indian Territory detailing the deplorable coudition of affairs there. AU dheasesof the skin cured, and I lost complexion restored by Johnson's Oriental Soap. Sold by Carpenter 1 hcs., Greenville, S. C. Johnson's Magnetic Oil kills all pahis whether internal or oxternal. Solu ut Carpenter Bros., Greenville, S. C. Japaneso Liver Pellets are small, but great In their ellccts ; no griping ; 50 doses 25 ots. Sold at Carpenter Bros., Greenville, S. C. Itch on human, mango on horses dogs and all stock, cured in .'10 minutes by Wolford's Sauitary Lotion. This never fails. Sold by Sloan Bros., Drug* gist, Greonvlllo. S. C. English Spavin Liniment removes all hard, soft or calloused lumps and blemishes from horses, blood spavins, curbs, splints, sweeuey, ring-bone, stifles, sprains, ull swollen throats, coughs, etc. Save $50 by tho uso of ono bottlo. Warranted tho most won derful blomish cure over known. Sold by Sloan Bros., Druggists, G eenville, S. C. ?' Bitch up the mule, John !" " What air you a-goin' to do now, dad ?" "I'm a-goin' to go to town an' swap two bales 'o' cotton lor a sido o' bacon an' u coffee pot !" JOHNSON'S MAGNETIC OIL! Instant Klllerot Pain. Internal and External. Curos RHKUMATI8M. NKUi;.\l, OIK, 1 .M11if It.irk Siu all]'., )!ri;i c ? BweUlom, Kliff Joints. COLIO and UtAMl'B iiiKUintly. Qbolera M. r> us, Oroui),l)lptlu'rli\, Boro Throat, HKADACHK, ns It by magic, EUflPQF RRAHft Especially proparod for flUnOL DtlAnU, atook, Doublo 8tronRUi, thomoRt Poworful and Penptrntlnitl.lntniontfor Man or Boast In existence. Largo $1 olzo 76c, 60?. elzo 40c. JOHNSON'S ORIENTAL SOAP. Modloated and Toilet. Tho Great Skin Cure ana ?hob Beautifler. Ladles) will fltul It tho most delicate and highly perfumed Toilet Hoop ou the market. It Is absolutely pur?. Makos tho uklneoft and velvety and rootoros the lost coin pioxlon; Is a luxury for tho Bath for Infante. It alays ltchini?. olonoxes tho scalp and B'Otuotce the trrowth of hair. Prloo 25o. For solo by Carpenter Bros . Greehviele, S C MACHINERY! Wood Working Machinery. Brlek and Tile " Barrel Stave " Oilllline " Grain Threshing " Haw Mill " RloellullinK " n N G I N B B AND B OI L E 118. State A?etioy lor Talbott it Sons' Hn gines and Boilers, Saw sod Grist Mills; Brewers' Brink Machinery, Double Screw Cotton Presses; Thomas' Dirool Acting Sieam (no bolls); Thomas' Sued Cotton Klovators; IIhII ?fe Lumtnus' Gins; Enfrloliorn Rico Hiillors; II. B. Smith ?V Co.'s Wood-Working Maohln ?ry, Planers, Band S*W8, Moulders, Mer tiseru; Teneuora' comprising complete equipment for Sash, Door and WsK?n Factories; DeliOSohs's Plsniiition Saw Mills, variable toed. BELTING, FITTINGS AND MACHIN ERY SUPPLIES. gtV~ Wrlto me for prices. V. C. ha DI 1 am. Manager, Columbia, M. C. THE LAURENS BAR. H. Y. 8IMPSON. O. 1). BARKSDALE SIMPSON & BARKSDALE, Attorneys at Law, LAURENS, SOUTH CAROLINA ttpeolal attention given to the invest! Kation ol titles and collection of claims ? . W. BAM.. 1.. \V. SIM KINS. \V. w. ball BALL, SIM KINS & 15ALL, Attorneys at Law, Laukkns, South CAROLINA. Will practice in all Statu and United States Court. Special attention givon collections. J. T. JOHNKON. W. It. ItK'SIT JOHNSON ? ltlCHEY, ATTORNEYS at law. ?kfice?-Fleming's Corner, Northwes side of Public Square. LAURENS, - SOUTH CAROLINA. W. II. MARTIN, Attorney at Law, LAURENS, - Soctii Carolina. Will practice in all Courts ef this blate Atientiea uivnn te colleetieas. POBT ROYAL & WESTERN CAB olina Railway. J. B. Cleveland. Receiver. (Quickest rou'o to Florida. Sched ule taking effect July 1st. 1898. Except K xcept Sunday. Bundaj ?STATION": 11 lOntn .. 00pm li 87aiu ? npm u 65am ft 27pm Lv Greenville .. Lv Mnuldin. l.v Bimpsonvlllo. I.v Fountniu Inn . |12 12am ft .".spin bv Owinga . ! I- sWiini f> ?upiii Lv Grfly Court. 13 -Main, 5 58pm Lv Bnrksdulo . 112 60am u DOpin Lv Lnurons. i iftani u Mptn Ar Uroonwootl . 2 28pni] . Lv MoCormick. I 8 80pin Lv Augusta. j ft Iftpm! I.v Savannah . | U oopm Lv Jacksonville. i 85pin| . r St Augustine . . '?'< -fpia. Kxeopl STATIONS. , Daily. Sunday ? no;in .... <! 8<>pui .. .. SAani . I 23n in I. ft 23a ml. <; 24pm| ?_' OOnm ?i IjOpm] 2 ''liani ti ?Spml 2 RO ? 7 Plpm Si 42nm 7 13pm I ;> 03am 7 23pinl ;i 20nm 7 8lipin 3 :!?<.? 7 R0ani| l 05am Sunday trains leave tlieenvhlc at 12 Oft )> in and make connections for AugtiHta nun Bpartuuhiirg. For rules or Information apply to unv agent of the company, or to W.J. CRAIG, GOO. Pnaa. Agent. a 11"iimi n. Ga, It. L. TODD, Trav. Paea. Agent. Room No. 104. Dyer Building. Lv Jacksonville Lv Pnvannnh ... Lv Augusta i.v Md ortniok .. Lv Greenwood .. i.v Laurens i.v Barksdalo .. Lv Gray < ourt . Lv < iwings Lv Fountain Inn Lv Bimpsonvllle. Lv Mittildin Ar Greenvillo .. SOUTHERN RAILWAY CO. <r:??t?ri> System ) l/ontfexiseri Pchodulo, In Kfreet September 98th. 1894. Trains run by 75th Meridian Time. I.v f:hnrlcstoa ?' Columbia. ?' Prosperity.-. Ar Nowl>orry. BOB No. 11. Ar. ?Clinton .... (ftx Sun).. " L*urene....(Ex Sun). " tftnoty-Slx. Greenwood. " Hodges. 7.15am 11.40am 18.65 p tu 1.10 p m oTATluNS. 2 :>-'> i> in 3J0 pju su'tipiu ?.52 pm s.i5pm ?.topin 4.05 p m 4 S3 pm 5.40 p m tu5 pm no.:to put I Daily No. 12. LV. Walhalla... " Soneca . " Anderson..., ?? liolton. Ar. Donalds ... Cv. Abbeville 77 ?' Hodges . ... " Greenwood. " Ninety-Six 9 35 nm Hp Ml um 11.15 am .11. !.r> am I-'.Uipiu am Enureus < Ex Sino ? ? Clinton I Ex -Sun)... 71 it 5 pm 0 O.ll) u.io am ?' Nowberry. 2,3fl " Prosperity. 2iA<>tu Ar. Columbia._ . .... 4.16pm " CharUi.?ton.. 8.15 pm ltetwet.il Auderson, Iti-lton und Oreonrlllo. Daily. No. 11. STATIONS. Daily. No. li. j.08 p. m l.v.Anderson .Aria or pu? 4.05 p. mi " .nolion ." ill 4S um 4.V5 p. ui| ".Wllltaineton." 111.0.1 am 4.11 p. m ".Pol/.or." 11.03 nm 6.16 p. inlAr.Greenville.IA|10.I6 am 1 Ii i w i ch < 11111 in I'l l und AhIicvIUk. Dally. No. 13. STATIONS I Dally. I No. 14. 7.18 a. ml..,.|LvOn arloalonArj,. I.v.ColumliluAr . Alaton... ' Santuo Union. ... ' .lo u s.MI'o ? Pacolet ?? ' p\r Spo#t'b if l.v Lv Simrt'b it Ar Ar AsliuvllV l.v ll.'Oiml .. IV.1m; . 1 . . . 1.20pill] .. l,V>piiij... 8 l:i|>ii^ .. ?i iipin .. 2.50|inil .. a.oftj'm' .. _8.tt0.niil .. Nos. II and lttnro solid trains between C uirloa ton and Walliu:l I. Trains leavo Sparta Un rig A. andO. division, aortbbound, 1 01 a. m., 111 p in.. 0.321> m., < v?s tlliuli'd i.iiiiito.ll: southbound. MAT a. ui..tt..'0p in. 11.37 :< in.. (Vostibulod Limited): west bound. W. N O. Division 3.t<?p. m, forllondor no.1 viiii' in.11 Asl.ovlile. Tialns loavo Greenville, A. and c. Division, if rthbouud. 8a m H Oin.tn., mid 6.?o puv.iVee Uiiuled i.iniliodi', Boutlibound, 1.62a. ni.< 4.10 p. in 13.28p m., iVesilbulod i.iinitodi. Trains 1 n o Sonovn. A. ntidC Division, nunu bound 1.4)... in.inn! 1.35p. m.: soutnbound, V.01 a. in. and 5.4? p. m PULLMAN BKKV1CK. Pullman Palace Sleeping curs o* Trains 35 and at), and :w, on A*"und C. Division. W. II.UKfclEN. - J.M. GULP. _ Gen 1 Mn'r. Tranlo.NfKi7 Washington, D. rur ? ? K. BKKKKLUY, Supt.. c:oliiml*s^SP?.'*. W. A. TUUK. S. U. (1AHDWI0K, Gon'l Pass. Ant., Ass i UOu'l Pas?. Axt.. Washington. D. C. Atlanta. Ge. ???THEKN RAILWAY CO. (PIEDMONT AIR LINE.) Route of the Groat Veetibuled Limited. ?ONDENHBI) 80HBOUTJI OF PASSKNOKB TBAIMB, In Kffcct Auk nut 1st, 1804. Northbound. ivop. LimiF'st Mail No. 38 No. 80 Daily I Dally Lv Atlanta ctimo l'J?O N'n Allanin 1 t imeI 1.00 pm Norcvoss .. Boford. Gainesville. I,Villi . Cornelia.... Mt. Airy Toecoa Westminster Central. Ureonville ... Spartanburg. GnfTnnys. . .-. Illackshiirg.. King'sMouut'n (lastonla . Cliarlotte . Danville. Rlunmond . ."Washington .. IhtHlm'e p.u.U. Philadelphia ?. No* York Houthward. Lv now York P.R.R " Philadelphia, " ltaltlmoro .. '< Washington... *__ "lUri.in<iti.i. t2j50a*."m lianvlllo. " Charlotte " Gastonla " King sXIount'n ?? ItlnokKburff.... M tiafTnoya. " Spar inn hurg.< " Oroenville. " Central. " Seneca. Westminster. Toecoa. Mount Airy Cornelia. Lula. OninosvUle.. Huford. ' Nor. ross . . r Atlantik K time r Atlanta 0 ihn 1.23 ptn i.ao pm 2.05 pm 2..ri0 pm 4.ui pro i>:m pm b.V> pin o.o5 pno 6.1& pm 7-v, pm 7?w pm s.m pm 8 s" pm ?.ok r?? .! 9.J?.? pm f,.?o am I'uvi t 640 in: !) ,t0 |>nj Pullman Car Service: N>>s. 85 and 30, Rich mond and DanvilloFast Moll, Pullman siteplng Cars hotW00n Atlanta und .\*ow York. Nos.37 ami Washington and southwestern Vt;stUrnloil Limited, between New York nnd Now Orleans. Through Pullman Sleepers be twoon New York and Now Orleans, via Atlan ta ami Montgomery, and also bot wenn Washing ton and Memphis, via Atlanta and lllrinlugham. Nos. 11 and 12. l'nllinan Stooping Car between Richmond, Danville and (Jroonslioro. For dcinllod Information as to local and through lime tables, rules und Pullman Stoop ing car reservations, confer with local agents, or address - W. A. TURK, 8. H. HARDWICK, Uen'l Pass. Ag't, As?'l Cionoral l'ass Ag't Wasiiinoton, D. C. Atlanta, OA. j. A. DODSON, Superintendent, Atlanta, (in, r. II. GREKN. (Jen I M gr., Washington, D. O. SIIINGLKS, KIRK BRICK, WINDOW GLASS WHITE LEAD, LINSEED OIL, J.M. GULP, Trafllo Mn'gr. Washlnuton D.O. SEWER PIPE I M HE OLA v I AND PUTTY PAINTS, TURPENTINE T. C. GOWIiR & SON, City Warkhol'hk ? - - Green?! le. h. f>