University of South Carolina Libraries
EMPSON MILUS. ?Htcr Hipp Lo YOL. ?. LAI KENS C. LIM S. C., WEDNESDAY, JULY 28, 1886. big job of Clothing _Baltimore Fir?. EVOLUTION OK TilK COLLAR, A Groat Industry that ??row Out of u I'rortf hor's Iden-Hun Collara are Mad? hy thu Million. Half a century Hinco dundicB wore got ten up to kill at a hundred yarda with their nooka swathed in, first, u ?till' and hifjh Btuuding collar that reached it?, points (ptilo to tlio ears, and over that n glossy satin or bombazine bond stiff ned With haircloth und fastened around the wearer's neck by strings tied behind. This latter item of gorgeousness: was sometimes replaced by a "neckcloth," usually in gentlemen of apoplectic ten doney, which was nothing more than u goncrmis silk handkerchief carefully folded, wrapped around the collar auil terminating tu a graceful knot. Tho collars worn then- wero all ibo. productions of the domestic shirtmaker, and vrero usually patt and pared e. the shirt. Culls were unknown, except as applied, to outer garment?, and that in dispensable appendage to the shirts!. :.%<. which wo know hy tho name bud reached no grouter sbige ol development than is convoyed by their primitivo nano nf ..wristbands." They were also attach* tl to tho shirt. Tho American trado in soparnblc, collars co lars and cull ? dates from the year 1834, when a worl llj Methodist parson of Troy, N. Y., Lin nezor Brown by name, shocked his good neighbors by manufacturing a dozen or BO and peddling them about from a hand basket. Tho Boheme must have been a partial SUCCOSS. lt at least started a small trade, which slumbered along in different hands for n geed ten years, when the timo had come for some one to arouse it and .scud tho present industry bounding through timo. Each of tho many very estimable ll nus engaged in this branch of trade bas fixed up a little family tree to prove thal ho waa tho grandfather of ono of their members, thus dearly showing them selves to bo thu original Troy collar house. Collar manufacturing IHIH m ide millionaires, and is turning them out by half dozens ovory ten years. It is ?a <l to bo a business which knows no ?bill season and ia proverbial for its cleanli ness and precision. Of course tho first ready-made cobar. Were but crude'and clumsy imibltioiis of tho homo-footoried urlielo. Jt wa? n Ion?/ while before considerations ol style Orept in to perplex both maker lind wearer. For many yian, there wore bul a few standard ''shapes" or .'style;-," and tb-., e common to all manufuotun rs and branded alike, livery man woo miulo a ".Shakespeare," a "Bishop" or a "Senate" culhd it by the oommon ni mo and competed only in rogard to tho quantity he could sell. Now everj maker has a dozen different ii vhs to name (generally with classical b rms) and copyright to himself twioo a y?.ir; although down at tho bottom bi ; bili?pcs arc just tu. much like those of another ..?ker as in the old days, Thc linen or muslin used in tue manu ?oture of collars and oufi'd varies from ordinary to very line. Among thi l ti I ag manufacturers celebrated ho- tho \ oollouec of their goods, only tho liucst irish linen is usid. lu many case? ?I it, made especially to their ordi r and for their use. Manufacturers who sell at extremely low ligures caunot alford to uso tho upper grade linens, and there fore purchase and use thc cheaper arti cle. Tho linen is delivered to the man ufacturers in piece? of about sixty yards each. Tho exact grade i? carefully ascer tained in tho collar faetones by conni li the number of threads to au inch in the fubric, wiiich i? done with a specially constructed combination of magnifying glass and scaled measure, Tho tine.ula vary from "fifteen hundred" to "tw< nty three hundred," according to linen, ss, but tho usual counts are from "twout; to "twenty-two hundred" for collar and cull' manufacture. Muslin used in tho process for inner layers and bucking is counted in much tho sanio way, but from seventy-eight to eighty-two is COUSidorod uniformly good for tho purpose, The good? are cut to measure by hand from a series of muplc wood patterns, with a sharp steel blade. Duo allowance is given in thia work for tho st.tebin;: and shrinkage which is to liimlly reduce the collar to it? standard markot size. The linen "facings ' are then "inter? lined" with the requisito plys of mm lin, two interlinings thus making a four ply collar of tho finished article, though for culls four Interlinings ere generally tho rule. In standing collar? both back ami front facings aro of huon, in turndown.' only tho outer, tho concealed face being ot uno quality muslin. When tho sever al pieces of the collars ure thu? laid together iu dozens they uro taken to another department, where tho inner sido of the baud is branded with natue, trademark and hide with indelible mk, and then each set of pieces is firmly pasted together, inside out, with a strong staroh pasto. They are then sewed tightly t<> getber along thc outer edges and sent outside to bo turned by another class of operatives altogether. These ellar turners aro deft lingered earners of pin money, and do all this work at home, Bonding for and returning the material to the factory. Turndown collars re quire two turnings ol tho ?owed material -ono for tho cape and ono for tho band -which ports aro stitched together ulti mate ly. btandup collar? necessarily ne,'., only ono turning. Hutton bobs aro \ nooned in the proper places at s mere slit in tho goods, and quickll bound on a special Hewing machine. A second punch is then employed, which mises tho stitching in the form of a nar row rim with a neat round eyelet boh- al tho top. Tho finest buttonholes aro handwork throughout, hut it i? by no means 0 neceesity to their serviceability. ! bi finished collars aro then luundriod ac cording tu tho "Troy" mothod, in b>>. cylinder drums holding hundreds at 1 time, and ironed by pnssing then through a series of heated steol rollen which givo a high gio?? and finish Modern sylos In collars aro ontiroly mat ton of ahupo and dimci ?iona, oltangeabh cn somo half dozen standard forma aong those are the height of tho collu om baso to top and the space aliown . etweau tho ends in front. All tho alylish collars of to-day ai mod?beal mn? of tho oldest modi 1] , RB aa timo advances maniifaoturersgo tutti-, er back for their pattorns instead of for ward. The "Oarrote" ia tho simpler and moat original form of standup col lar. it was once a simple strip of r< enforce! linen without grace and beaut) As shirts begau to bo out low it waa nocossnry to cut away part of tho buck BO as to make it couform to tho slaot of tho nock boucl toward tho front. Thon Homo ouo conceived tho idea of showing tho throat, aud to that end cut away ail of tho front oxoopt tho little tubs neces sary for buttonholes. That movo give this nppoaranoe to the collar, and loft it to warm days and human munro to bond the ends thereof down into what wo aro ph ased to think is a triumph of our later later civilization-tho bent point collar. .Such is tho briet evolution of tho stand up collar, now RB of yoe tho ambition of youth and tho digniUor of old age. The turndown collar hus undergone a varied process, but has only been HIS eoptiblo to chungo in the dimensions ind bhapo of tho open space in fr:ml, und in thu enhanced comfort of modern cut over ancient awkwaiduoes. in the collar trade America bas quietly taught Great Britain another of tho in valuable lessons slie has derived from this std?.! ol tho wat?r. The separable collar and ou (Vis a Yankee notion, and we are proud of it. s\sn;.? vi ie mon WAV ito li I) KUY. How a lilg Chluano i Inn Crunhes Out their Sew lui; Oh l's Lives. (From Hie? li I cago Inler-Oocan.) A fe.v belongings of this small family i I were nicely stored away tn the ??ne room, and three motherless children be gan tho struggle for selim aintenauoo. tho little oms could do nothing, BO tim responsibility usted upon tho shoulders of the 1 1-- ear-old sister. The first thing she did after tb?: funer al was to scan tho papers for advertise ments in tho "help wanted" column-. She found in au ev? ning pnpor an ad vertisement for a girl to run u knitting mhchiuo. lt was from a well known linn on a prominent sin ? t. Sh?- applied un?l was given a job. Alter she had been there a couple ?d days she taw a constant chango in tho many faces around loir, i orb that were there yesterday morning wire nut there this morning, lint now jiics were engaged. She begnn to make inquiries among iii?: oldei-girls, anil found that tho girls d loft lu cause thoy could not make enough w lo live on. Tho night of tho second day j ibo detormbicd to seo about it, and tho I s isk? ?l tho forewoman for ber time. She y .vus given a cuni with two days' full e ?imo credited. She bad made two jack- ' n t#Uhd ono dozen bustles m the t vo Ja lays. When she presented tho.canl to I p he Olllco she was told that she OWOd tho g inn 20 cents balance for the uso of the si michino uud steam power. o. She was credited with ~u conto apiece ? p or two jackets (that's db cents) und 30 o JOtitS for ibo oo/.en bustles (that's 701 h louts t. She was charged 46 cents a il ly , d or tho uso of mnchiuo and steam power h Huit1! 110 Cents), leaving a balance of 20 a ? nts duo tho leg firm, At this rate she I p ivould havo to pawn lier soul at tb? cud < >f a wool lo pay tho linn for the bad air f< >ho breathed while using tho machine . < md .sb !uu Vfxsyct. ii Tbo linn keeps a atuuding advertise- 1? ntmLhi Uu) ev? ning paper, and a small jo; irmy tff .girl's "p.v.-. through tho factory I a: ?very week, They get the jackets and ! S uialH'^^iiSde for nothing, ex a pt tho'?I roar iinrTtchr of tho machines and lusa ? ? if steam power. I1 i?tt?> ttloiiej. ! ^ tl There are $100,000,000 in the treasury j nore than tho government nooda. This ? dlo monoy is iud ?inly earuiug n<> inb r- (i st, and liable to be squander? d in e\- I . ravaganl appropriations, but it hus bo- ;1 .onie a serious menace to business pros-1 0 icrity. I (j Tin: surplus cm now be released into ? ho channels of trade in only one way (l ho purchase ol uniuaturcd bonds, cor bis Ibero ia ampio warrant in law. '1 ho !, ime bas come when the administration viii be justilicd in extending its bond s, nirchiiao to all olasses of bouda that it j( ion make a saving in interest by buying. I It is a shanie and a disgrace that bus w itato of things should exist. MUnnecoa- H, lary taxation is unjust taxation." A j? government commits a gross injustice u bat burdens its citizens with needless axes. Hut thu surplus is boro, lt con- j"' ilitutes a publio danger. And aa, when t( i hons?: is on lire, there is no time to in- (, estigute or to quarrel as to tho reapon- _ libilitv for tho thums, or to compute the , ^ lossiblo wiving to the in8uraneo com- j mnies, so now it is no time to blaine j load Congresses or reckon the gain of y bo bondholders. First put out tin- bro. '. First gut rid of tho surplus. Itomove 0 he danger now and guard agaiust its j 'OOUrronOO hereafter. ? Let tho treasury pay out tho idle ; j nonev in bond purchases, at a premium . a hat will bring tho bonds. -New York World. ti \\ tl . b Tho Story of u Policy. . ^ Tho Valley Mutual Lifo Association, r' if Virginia, began business September *' ld, 1878. Guarantee fund, invested in M solids and mortgages (first lieu on real , L staten iJlOH.lMK). Tho Valley Mutual Lifo Association of Virginia is tho lurgeat and tho loading Life Association in the South. Over uno million of dollars has been paid in tash to tho families of deceased mem bers, Tho cheapness of its plan is dcinon ?tratod by the experience of thoso who | uro insured, lu Illustration of this fact, we tase Policy No. 8, held by Mr. W. P, Tams, (.'ashier of thu Augusta National Hank, Staunton, Va., -Hobey issued September 28, 1878,-91* OOO-conso .piddly it bas shared every co -I thal ll ' come against tho Company. Tho catii. cost to Mr. Tams in eight year? and six months, Membership Foe, Annuals, and| Mortality payment?, ha? been but$70.11, ?iran ..v? r.igo annual cost of 88.28, At tin date of this insurance Mr. Tams wm 27 years of agc. A po boy of oven amount and dab: lu ono of tho moat popular Old lune Com panies on the ordinary lifo plan, payabh at death only, would have cost hun , ?102.70, or $21.60 per year -a saving ol ?122.81 in favor ot the VallojJ Mutual. Theories aro easily udv.uiceil ind j- al .nia rivals alamud in them, but fuots can not bc refuted. First-class agei.ii can get liberal cm traota by applying to r p Manager So. Ca. Department, Columbi i. A West Point cadet is taught Hud a. Hm ls wot?? than a highway robber. TIIK SOUTH'S WKLCONK. How tho Pnaltleut o? th? United Staten WIM Kocolvi-il In tho "(Jato City of tho South." In speaking of President Cleveland's lir.it day in Atlanta, tho telegraphic ue count says: There mo moro ttiun ono hundred thousand persons on tho streets to day who uro doing honor to tho Pres ident and Mrs. Cleveland, notwithstand ing the unpleasantness of tho weather. Everybody appears to have turned out to add their ii dividual hurrahs of wei como to tho Executive and tho channing young wife who accompanies him. Early this morning tho iain, which be dail falling yesterday, continued hut with phenomenal good luck, a few minutes before ten o'clock when tho carriages rcnehed tho Kimi xiii to escort tho President for a drive through tin; lits and to tho capitol, it grew consider ildy brighter. The rain ceased, bot the doudd continued threatening. UpOD reaching the State Capitol the President .vas received by tho Governor and stall' md members of wadi branch of thc legislature. He also mot tho visitiug lovornors, members of the Supreme Joint, superior and city coutts, judges, Uu i tod Status ollieials and other digui arics. When tho ceremonies at thc capitol md concluded the tonto was continued lireetly to tho Piedmont Park. Thc nsiting ( inventors with Govornor Gor ton, Scuators Brown and Cohptitt and ither distinguished men, joined the pro session as it left tho capitol. On ont?, r Dg the maia gate tho artillery lind a latioual salute to the President. After omi! unavoidable delay, occasioned by be great mass of humanity along the Otlto of the procession and within the ?rounds, tho distinguished guests were seortod io the speakers' stand midst the ;real ?st enthusiasm wdiich lasted for overol minutos. Finally when quiet iud boen restored, the exercises of thc .vre opened by President Collier's nu louneomont that prayer would booftbrod y the Kev. Ur. Barnett, of tho First 'resby terian Church. After prayer Mr. ?oilier pre a nted Mr. ll. W. Grady, who ' J elivercd a very eloquent address of i . relcomo. I ^ Mr. Grady Said: "My countrymen, I ; hall have the honor of introducing toL on to day the foremost ruler of thi.-> i ntth, tho Prcsidout of the American j t ?? ublic; ono to whom, by the peaceful 11 nd itnqucstionod sulTragos ot these peo-1 ] le, their highest commission, has been , ivon. [Groat applause.J lt ts tho most f icrcd political trust that cm be oonttd- t 1 to modem statesmanship. Our proud v ileasill'C, sir, in welcoming you to-day is ? j mpha-ized by tho knowledge that you t ave held that high commission with j B iguitlcd sincerity, and that you bavoL ouored this high ofllco witli a strong L od apotles-j ndmiuistration. [ Great ap- , lause, j As for this exposition, it isl. iiongh to say that a law suit is pending ', ?r tho growing cotton erop of thia .-?u- ^ Ul, planted seventy days ago in those olds. 1 can promise you. sir, a privi- j, igO to-day that even a President maj t -teem, the right to look into the lacs nd bear the coubal welcome of moro outberners than any living man, ol ead an, bas seen assembled. My luntrymon, I present to ,011 your| j 1 t resident." As Mr. Grady sat down and ru President rose, cheer after cheer eut up, and tho band played "Hail to ie Chief." The President rose and delivered an Idross, recounting the history of Atlau i, relating the story of its wonderfully cvelopment, and praising Ibo growtii , nd progress of the South. At the ol 0 , f bis.address the President and Mrs. I v loveland wore shown some of the most nportant features of the exposition and utcrtained ut a hurried luohcon \>y the resident of tho driving club. After ard President Cleveland held a public ?ivption at tim foot of the spcakul s and, while Mrs. Cleveland and her lends occupied seats on tho stand. Tho public reception of the. Prosidont as a repetition of former occasions of a j u milar character and when it wws ended ! ( u re appeared to be more persons b lt ( ahind than had passed by the oxcou- ? ve. After the reception the programme orotofore annouueed was carried out, |. ie Presid? nt being driven to tho < ?ov- ? y : nor's mansion w here he dined with a I umber of distinguished personages. : | niong thO80 who sat at the table w. ie: ( lovernor Gordon, tho host; Govornors|u 'ei ry, of Plorida, and RiohardsOU, of j ? onto Carolina; Senator Brown, Gouoral j H o, of Peile Meade, tho President (| 1 the State Senate, Speaker of the 1 , louse, H. W. Oraily, and the hosts, the t 'resident, Colonol Lamar, Mr. Bissell, L 'ostmaater General Vilus and Dr. Bry- L ut. Mrs. Cleveland and Mrs. Vilash ere royally entertained ut luncheon ut ho residence of Mrs. Porter. The Hu ni ers of tho Presidential party returned i tho Kimball I louse about eight o'clock >!sb>d for au hour and then attended the ard reception given in honor of the 'resident and Mrs. Cleveland at the lapital City Club. Over-Worked Women, For "worn-out," "run dowru," debilitate* .heol teat hers, milliners, nenin.-1 rcs-.es, timekeepers, and over worked women c?e nilly. Dr. Pierce s Favorite Prose;ip mn is the beat of all restorative lonies, lt i not a "('ure all,' hut admirably fulfillsn InulencsS Of purpose, behn; 11 most potent ipeeiflc of all those Chronic Weakness?* lld Discuses peculiar lo WOlUCn. lt is ii 10 wei ful, general ni well as ulerbio, tonic nd i?< i vine, and Impart? vigor and strengt h ii the whole system, lt promptly eure? rcaknoss of Btotnach, Indigestion, bloating, mik bick, nervous prostration, debility nd sleeplessness, in eil her sex. Favorite 'roscrlptlon ls sold by druggists under our insitivc guarantee, See wrapper around lottie. Price $1 00 a h lille, or six bottles er *.") 00. A large trcatbe on Diseases of Women, ?rofllSeiy Illustrated with colored philis nd numerous wood cuts, sent for ten cents 11 slumps. Address, World's Dispensary Associa lon, 868 .M dn street, Buffalo, N. V. .1. I',. PHYSIOO'S Merchant Tailor Es ablislimont, Columbia, s. c., is in full ilast. Only a look will o.uiviucn any me. All that want a first elna flttm; mit try him. A full lino of tho best mods ou band. "You are wonk," said a widow to bei 100, when he remonstrated fondest he. marrying ignin, "I know lt,' ho replied 'I am so weak that I can't go a stop fat he 1 Many believe an hour spent in chm cl will pay thc Interest on a week of sin. OUI* ALASKAN CLAIMS. Wu Will Protect Hm FIslierteH iu Our A rc ll?! SOHH (From III? (?OW York Min > A grout deal of surprise was ueoasiouod at tho department of State hy (bo al legation of Oanadiau and English ofhoials thur, tiri:- country has ropcattdly disputed tho Kassian Governments ci.H m ot Gilli o Clausuni in Bohrings boa, and, moreover, that thu soul fisheries WOl'O tho causo of such dispute. At tho State department no record ot any diflloulty regarding tho seal fisheries with Russia can bo found. Early in tho present centuiy l.ussiti claimed ten ?to ry in Northwestern North A mer ?eadu.vu to tho tifty-iifthdegree, which this Gov ornrucut warmly disputed. After some controversy o i the subject the Russian Emperor withdrew his claim and ac knowledged tho United Whites' authority up to tho fifty-fourth dogroo. lt was at this tune that Kussiau olUciulo laid down such arbitrary rules for navigation iu Alaskan waters. No vessoi ?vus permitted to sail within ono hundred Italian miles of coast or islands, under penalty of confiscation and imprisonment. Very fow American vessels ever sailed in the locality, and scaling waa an almost un known industry there. There was o:ie small Russian company timi shipped u few skins to various parts, and the navi gation law was meant to protect it. I .ub i-, several tia ling vessels from the United cruised in tho vioiuity of Alaska, bat were warned off by tho Hussiau D?loiale. lt was nt tins tune that John [Quincy Ad ima, tho secretary of Statu, in i very energetic manner, denied tho s Russian right to certain territory, now 1' die southern strip of Alaska. Mr. I Vdams' radical course scoured tho United o Stit. s tho right in Alaskan wal rs, 8 When Alaska was ooded lo tho United t ?states the line, of dotunrkatiou detenu- ti uing tho western boundary of Behrings Sea made it at Mare Cbuistim, from the i' lottthorumost point on Prince Edward's n Island so a pun,! i.eir AttoU Island of tl he Aleutian grant, thus making a Oom dide close. Tho imaginary lino of do- i narkution runs a course of about DUO a niles from northeast to southwest. Tho ii vhole area ol Behring! Sea, including o. Norton's Bouud, and Bristol Bay, is d ibout 000,000 Bquat'0 nubs. The St. ti . J corgo and St. Paul Islands, whoro most t; d the seal aro captured, aro about suvuu mud red milos north of thu AlouUnn .'ouinsula and live hundred miles west I ti if the main lino of coa t. Tho seal aro ^ reqitently found now several hundred a niles from shore, und are gradually b forking their way to the northward, o: Ibo experts say that this fact is due to b bo use of lin anns of tho Canadian p ciders. Should a genuine stampede tl iriso among ibo Seals it is extremely ? loubtful if auy would return for bre d- I' ng purposes. Large numbers of tho b mung reals are swimming toward tho S naiuiand, passing through tho Aloutiuu ^ croup and hu ling on Cauadian soil. b Inquiry was made at tllO revenue si nariuo ollloo lo*da? us to ?vliut was I-i' bought of tho statemonl that a swat tl rossel was lining out at Halifax with a I ti rood armumcnl to engage in tho seal ishories, and thal it thc rovonuo cutter lush or any other ci nit er attempted to aterfero there would bo a naval eugugo nei.t. "We arc not inclined to believe j r< hat story," said the chief, "but 1 will ju. av that 1 never knew the officers of thu ' Ol eveline marino to fail in doing their luty, Of course if any vessoi Hying the bittali or any other ling is discover d eal Usbing in Behrings .Sea it will bo he dut} of tho Bush to ilemiuiil her sur end- r. If tho scaler refuses our oiliccrs rill make the cap? ure by force and su k b u r if necessary. The Bush carries a 1' ;ood battery and can make a pretty good ii .gilt." n Tho probr bilitics aro that if tho (lilli ult y is nol settled this winter, there will I b ie three cruisers in Bebrin s Sea in thc j ll pring-the Bush, tho Hear and tho IW .hotis. The l ist, however, is worthless c< s a cruiser. J 1er only duty will Lo io si ct a sort of lloating battery to St. tl leorge and Sb Paul Islands, and keep <\ .IV landing parties from the Canadian ii ?Cfisols. fl lt was also learned ai tho treasury -l .. ri .artnient that Secretary of State Bayard tl ms misinformed when hoasscrtod that w .11 Hie captured schooners had bein v ?cached at Onnalaska. At last accounts b inly one craft bad been hauled OU shore, t< .nd that was beeauso of a bri ak in ber s .nobor cables. This vessel was the tl mallest of the lot. Thc rest ot the Hoot w ire riding quietly at anchor, and photo- li ;raphs ot thom are on tile in the revenue ti narine bureau. Somo of the Canadian lt iflioiols have intimated that the /.cal q bown by officers ol the. Hush and Bear d s thu result of their desire for prize c noney. Before an officer of thorovonuc tl narine can obtain any prize money bo li iles his claim with tho secretary, w ho o illowa what ho dooms proper, lt is cs- a remoly doubtful if any prize money w ill A )u paid in the present cases. About 10 w icr cent. Is tho usual allowance made to ti he captors. t1 h f n rou I V VD.VKs AT THE PLOUGH. V Cull for in?- om Settler* to Ho lo in?, stale l ull ni Columbia. To the Editor Of The News and Courier: I desire to express my high appreciation if tho kindness dono tho society ! have he honor lo represent in your hearty mdorsomout ano edit ?rial notice of tho dd settlers' Convention thal it is desired o howl dining our next State l'air, lt ms been my primo objojt doriug tho four years 1 have s? rved as president t i nako tho meetings of thc society purely >f an sgrionltural na ure. How far this HfHc-ult object has boen attained thc records of these meetings will bear wit ness, With thi-t object slill most p.omi neut in view, I conceived tho ??lea of having this 0 lUVOntioi) of old setilers at [>ur approaobiog Fair, and in further* mee ot this meeting I again beg to tres pass upon your valuable column-? as thc ipiickest way in which I can reach tho largest number of our farmers. 1 am OXOOOdingly gratified ut the interest man ifested in this meeting by the answers I have received, and by tho kindly unties given by many of our county pupils. To tho hitter 1 feel much indebted iu d tuko this means of returning many thanks for tho same. I um asked what is moant by fanni nt, ? for forty years? I roply: Tho boy who i began to plough when ho was bm years t old, and has mado farming bis life's t work, and is fifty now, I regard aa t having farmed forty years, and on this ( basis tho delegates may be select*' 1, Having laid the object of this mci Mc before tho railroad authorities, with thu showing tliut it was intended to roach n ohu of our farmorn whom it is hurd to stir out on any public occasion, :?:?cl ivh i rarely attend our l air, they roooj tho couv< dion as an interesting uuxib bary to the Fair, und thoROwhom 1 hu heard from havo generously cons? tod to furnish fr o transport?t! ii for L! c delegate.-, OH BO< as notified oi their names. Aa the tune in short, I must bi g the counties to bo as prompt us possible 1 desire to throw out nnothor subject for the consideration of the coi volition. There was a time during tho oxperienco of these farmers, when tho farmers of South Carolina modo all they consumed, upon their own plantations, excoptiug sugar, COiYco, salt, some hardware, and finer qunlitien of olothiug; and the sun did not shiue upon a more prosperous, happy und contented people throughout tho wide, wido world. To ( i ny th? rule is to buy all they consume und luise jual enough cotton to get cred t for unothi r y var. Can't somotbing bo learned by the lisenssion of this sttbji ot in all ita bear ings? Wo luve the some people, the lamo soil, fc?? sume genial sui.shin.-, thc tamo clouds, and beyond them all th anio healthful, calm, puro, blue VftllU. i). I'. DUX? AN. ADVKNTUItES or A <;<>!.i> WATCH. t Waa Stolon Elovcn Voa rx A^n, anil Ma? Ont Utica i" h:. Owner*. Titov, ALA., Ootobor 22.-A curious tory ubi ?ut a watch has j nat developed lore. T won ty years ago Air. Oeorgo Sthoridge who lived in tho upper part f this county, treated himself to a lino ;old watch, for which bo paid S li)."), IL pok it. homo, and his father told him hat iuaamueh us ho lind invest..! so | j inch in a wateh that it would be a gund lea to take down tho malu r's name and umber, wbioh he did, without ever t hinking that that little pre? aution would vcr avail anything. Flo kept it uulil t B7(i, when a laborer on bis placo took , l Avantage of bia abscuuo one day, broke u ito bis bouse, and stole tho watch nod e hain and .-kipped out. i'he thief Wi I i own into Dale county, und in a ah li imo got iuto trouble, lu order to I \ade tho dutches of tho Ina', ho laid . ut in a piece of woods, and while t e lost his stolon prize, aud in a aliorl ,i imo left for tho West. ; i 1882, while h lr. Metealf, who lives near Daiovil as shrubbing a picco ol'second your's ; ind, he found tho watch and rolab d thu ! iroumstauces to several ol' his neigh- ? r ors, but could ibid no owner for the i roporty. The walch bad been lying' in c ie woods six years, and was in a bad - x. Metcalf carried it to ll jowolcr ill '.ubinia and had it repaired, and took il : onie willi bini ami kept it until Last , aturday. In tho early part of Hu wook ? t Ir. A. Haley, of this c. ty, who is a | j luther in law of Air. FtheridgO, heard omething that iuduci ?I him to wire Mr. Etheridge, at KvcrglCCU, I J come over; int be thought he could put bim on tito rack of his lost watch. .Mi. lutheridge rrivtd in the city und went to Mr. I lj tctcalf's, described tho watch, gave the ? ], li i bet and thc maker's name, paid i 1 n ab' what be bad paul out for repair.-, ; j] ?coi veil bis property, and returned:,, ighly elated over ins mocosa in recov riug bia lost jewelry. .?ni Corn orri. Combinations are tho ord. ruf Ibo day, ul tho last ono n cordi d is au immense lgur "trust" to rob tho people by treing up tho price of sugar. Che fi bilodolpbia Rccot.l bus tho tollowing li i explanation of the conspiracy: For v curly a year c&'ortfl have been put forth | h id negotiations have been in progress I il y tho sugar lehners of New York and u oston to form a combine, or (rust, ii beroby tho production of each re?nory t mid bo regulated, and, if necessary, a ispension of work bo ordered, should ie aggregate production QXCCi d the ie uiroments of the domestic trade, lt ?8 udorstood that tho trust bas not boon nally formed as yet, but that the nr mgi nw nbs will bo com pleb d Boon, and a Philadelphia rolineries sympathize ., ith tho movement. The owners ot* tho ? lirions rotlncrios ure now engaged in |,. iking an account of stock preparatory ) the settlement of tin d al. As a rc- ,, ult of tho proposed combination or h rust, prices havo odvanecd in this < i. dbm tho past forty-eight hour.-, to III,, ^ure which is considered heavy in the rado. On Wednosday morning granu- fj dod sugar, which is tho staudard, was I ?( noted at OJ cents )ier pound. lester- s ay afternoon the closing price waa . oula per pound. The production ol ? v lie refineries of this city is about 6,000 i arrota par day, Tho increase in prioo L coasioned by tho proposed combuiation I? mounts to about 7f> cents per barrel. U .an suit of the now trust, thc retailors i ?ill juiy about $1,700 more tor the pro ?j ?dion of tho reti?era of this ci)) to-day v han they would have [uiid on iitosday|j ist. The retail pnce ol sugar, as taken rom the Oroeors' Association nnnounce lent on Monday morning lust, Axed the .rice nt 7 Cents per pound. lt will .reliably be M cents on Monday next, .'bo proper and only Conclusive answer LI thia combination of rascality is to put oflncd sugars on the free list. The eoplo have rights which monopole,h. inst be forced lo rcspcot. The free list i tho only panacea for tho ills of lonopoly. Rea?!} (or Hu- m.-.1.1. ni ?ad Hin Wile. The While If ouse ro ms have Inn resseil in their winter costumes, and very lld og is now in readiness for tba re urn of the President and Mis. elev. land. Thc carpets h ive all been laid, curbibiH liing, tho furniture covers removed und the ooma thoroughly (leaned. Very lillie minting or repairing has bcou done, us ex onsivo improvements in this ros|>cct woro ecently made. New carpels have boon nhl in the 1 bist room and lillie parlor, mid Dmd of the bedroom furniture hus been re .evered. A new central sofa or divan fol he centre of the hist room has heen ordered ty Col. Wilson, and will be here In about i month, ll will he upholstered In old gold ilinh to mutch the other furniture of the oom. The exterior Of tho WbltO House viii not bc painted, aa this was done Inst rei ;, and it h only necessary about once in 'our years. Il is probable, however, that I. ; Ure depirlmcnt will lie requested soon o acm! up an engine to wash olf thc dust hat ha-^ collected on the front portico luring the summer.- WasMnyton Afar. T ~ "TliWf? III? ll I Hil 11? ll ll? ?-IPIIBHI ' I LIONS IN A ricKitiuLK ri?.ur. tViirllIR '-.MIHI!,? II l'Il'UOM l'util I). :i I ll KiuUtli Hutt lo. i -pct-ia) in lill.".!?- phill Tillies.) LONDON, October IH. hurly thia morning tb ero wa? a fearful aud exciting liattlo in tho Jubileo Exhibition at Liver? poi.'.. Dulmouioo, tho most plucky toner ol bi isis in thia oountry,baa booti exoil in ; ilio mr VOA of tho visitors for a loug ti.u*; by i : hiing In aeago with thtoo !. g for t .ines. Five moro liona ol ? di libren t kind, but all Boroo und full gtown, univod from Africa yostorday aud wi re i I al 01 co into the big cage with the t-urct al reo dy there. They hud no Induing, but Delmonico went in among thom uud thrilled tho crowd that lilied the menagerie by un unusually sensational porfortnauce When be In d done Milo. Kora, his partner, went in with the lions und took a little dogs with her. Tl !.j .unrepeated lour times dur iug tho d iy und tho ii ve m w huns WOVO too much stunned by tho huge, noisy crowd uboiit .hem und tho rcpeutcd vii it * of tho mau, woman and dog to do any? tbing but crouch in their corners in four, Their astonish mont bad not worn oil', and they wi ro still quiet win n loft aloin tor to-?igut by tho attendants nt li) o'clock. Shortly aller midnight, bow ever, tho tuonagerio was Ulled with a frightlul roaring and snarling, and a servant sleeping un the promises rushed ill to ilud thc big iron cage rocking and eight lions lighting furiously. They were roil: d up into a hugo dark b ;:. from which blued slumed I'ur was flying in all directions. Tue hugo beasts rolled over und over, dashmg madly again : tho sides of the cage aud biting pb o . " out of each other with u ferocity that J jj nros sickening. All the sights orgauiz ! ? 'j to gratify luau's loudness tor lighting j j iVOUld have seemed tho I..L.U st eh 't day in comparison. After a wini M Ol imo evident that there WOl'O distinct j J titles in the battle und that thc H'jwlj irrivala were pitted at unfair odds nguiu, t J he lions who bad been in possession. The offerts of tho servant to st parr.to j Item only i creased their fury. At last io rushed oil'for Delmonico, who wits islccp iv ftr by. : lie t imer arrived half ibid, and io md iii- '.'."us bleeding fear inly, but si.d lightimr. Tho b tttlo m - own! do wn Ui it duol between tho i vo liggeM lb ns, which wore rapidly bi! .?.4- , ?adi uti,. 1 m pico? i-i ibo middle ol .1. JJ age. Ooo taionally it became giiKisl: nd fur a fe.v ai ojnd? Ibero would bon iil-1 jumble imoog tao snarling .lu is, iitb a savage crunching of t?. cte. to tell mw llosb .nu being t ?'u. : Si Tho appearance oi Delmonico with a ed hut iron iu bia bund produced ia. iudt.de tilVict. All but ti'O tm oho! ombabo ;s .slopped llghliug aud crom li- j ?, d sullenly down, licking their bloody IH rounds ni.d .snarling encouragement to ,u ho two leaders. On those iu t loir rage ;l, mt iron was useless, ovou wb( u applied >a o raw lli.sh. L'boj responded to Ibo 10 nimbi;; seusutiou only b\ tearing ai c neb other moro liercoly. At last l>el n ?otiieo bravely entered tho cago, hall t\ ladas bo wa.-,, illili shut liimsell 1:1, ile u a ..t opened tho door communicating I ?] iith the second oigo and tliovo into it, lg] ike so ninny si loop, ti io six lions timi "( md been lookiug on, 1 n M eau while tho othor lions were still ighttug, although much woakor. Doh nonico's atti mpts ti aepurato l!mm s. re v iseless. i'bey paid uot tue slightest at- ,| imtion to bini, and, although in their v trugglu they d.ishod against hun, tb< o hi evidently uuconsoions of his pro, ncc. Before tho t imor could form :.uy | ( lian to separatu them tho tight ended ol' I ?sch'. Tlio big t'oie * lion rolled nv? r n a Iiis hack und dud, \Vhilo ibo ot u r c. n\ c a faint ? oar ot viel.-ry. Thu ib-ad u 01 waa teiriblj mangled, while i Im j ictor'.s muue waa gone and his bi dy ., joked ns though au e peoiully wi.:. 1 tj arrow hud been repeatedly drag ?? ?'. j C( vcr it. Dio?d trickled from a huud td ,, gly womals, and Ibero is bttlo h >\ o u hat lie will h vc. j, _i ? ? ! ^ . IS I,IKK A >.iii 11M.. _ Ol hil t? , n t'lltH Ililli KlttVMII l?<>Kv UIIlo- Him W Tired or Home. ! si (From tin naltlmor? Ameiii'iui.j d "Stpiiro, ibo hud Hurle II cuts uni il leven dogs in tho house, und wo couldn't tl grce. I paid a mau ?0 to cone.' round b tito tho yard and try to naiko some ar- o luigomuut with tho animals, so that 1 U ould get some rest, and that's the e ui ' st if tho disagreement. .My wife would ?tl lave tho dogs and eats and resented 01 ny interference with them. We have j tl IO children." p This was the answer a mun with a sad : ll ncc made to Justice Warfield yostorday, o Iterbio wife had told tho magistrate rt ho and her husband oouldn't get along. l? ibo complain d that the domestic breach t) ..a* widening every day. Tho mn estcd bis head in his hand and listening I rt 0 the story -exaggerated, to his mit d- I b he w ifo told of her trouble. She Said mt little ol tho flogs and cuts, but win n ti ter husband spoke of them it wis 'villi tl orrow and suffering, The 'Squire ul ri iscd them to try, if possible, to adj tl it fi hoir differences lovingly and not let ?1 ittlo trillo l.k? thirteen cats and ol v- , logs wreck their happiness, itwuscvi lonl the animals were a burden on the nan's min.1. Ho SOomod thoroughly de eded. TllO couple went out of tho iou rt room and discussed tho situation, mt it seemed impossible to come to sat bfactory terms. Tho number of animals vero cut down in fume proposition, Bay nie-bnf. She wai.ted all ber pets Willi UT. They left tho station. Tho hus* Kind refused to go huniu to bo gTCOtcd .vitli those playful yelps and meows, H 1 {tuting to his nerves, but music 80 picas? mt to bis spouse. Ho stood on tho Somer, tho picture of sadness, and look? 3d at tho splendors to tao western sky is tho sun was sinking and thought, no Umbi, of life in the beyond, where neither oats nor dogs disturb tho tran? polity of tho soul. Homo thing eon? pieicd him, it may bc tho look from his wife on tho other side of tho street. With tho expression of a martyr on his fuco, ho followed his Wife down the Street, and thc two wout homo together. Pianos mill Organ**. All of tho best makes. $'2.r> cash and balance November 1, at spot cash prices D a I 'IUIID. $10 cash ?nd balance No vomber 1, at spot ooah prices on an Organ. Delivered, freight free, at your nearest depot. Fifteen days test trial and froight both ways if not satisfactory, Writo for circulars. N. W. TRUMP. * Columbia, S. 0. JLI v^t J-er? ST A KV ATI ON IN LONDON. "Near n Thoitsaud Tablea Plue for Food." (New York Mull and Kxpress.) London luis just had a little exp?ri ence willi u horde of half shirved wrotch ps tlnit lune been permitted to swarm and gather to a head at un important pi l it in tho West End. That great city has a peculiar oxporiouco with its hungry people, who havo tho instiuot of associa tion and act together in masses. Even tu good lime., when only the lazy and demoralized aro hungry, ton, twenty, or fifty ol' those will assemble and parado iho streets, chuiAing in chorus: "Wouro [til starved out," or some similarly direct -t.dement of theil condition, But now ?ho numbers ?re greater. Times aro not mod, and ill a city of millions ol' people here must he very many mon and .onion who find it aiflioult to support licmselvcs, and very many moro who do lot try, linda goodly proportion of per ons who spend in liquor the little they :.ru, and then attitudinize ns honest i? or men to got more. In all citios hero aro Slich clements; but iu a city vhero they ?ire evenly distributed brough tho whole population they aro nit left as ii threatening phenomenon. '. ich neighborhood digosts its own vils. Hut where these elements have a endenoy to aggregation they cuu be cry troublesome. They have this ton tonoy in Loudon, and now they have a oeognized rendezvous, For some uu coountablo reason tho authorities hnvo . rmitted them to seize upon and occu >y Trafalgar square und form there a ort of cutup. From that point they allied out in procession Lriday and unche . to the Mansion House to cull [[iou the Lord Mayor to malic a formal iomand for support. Bui as that great unctuary would not receive them, they imrcho 1 away again and fought tho ?olict ill aloug tho route. People hero nay understand bow this would be if all lie elle, lazy, tipsy vagrants ol' tho nctropolis, with a mixture ol Hmso illy tu wuut, should form a camp iu "mon square ?m.I live there permuueut v, and .-ally ont for beggary or monaco u bunill groups or processions, terroriz ng uot only the immediate neighbor uod, but all thc streets by which they .out, ami forming tho nucleus for a real riot. Ju tin.-, city wo should not erm it such u body to gather, and it is ard tu see why this is allowed in the ipital ol thc British empire. ItOI OU \ 1S.VOKIJ W \1C. moot MUK His Wrinkled front hy Arbi tration. (Kew I?.rit Muli mid Express.) [Ruglan i aud tie- United Statesare the real Auiphictyous of thisago; for in all bugs they ure near lo each other. They re in contact, more or less intimately, r ou ud tho world; they jostle in both phorcs, and dispute the trade of very sea; they cultivate tim ambitions, Uorish thc : uno theories, worship Goa i thc sumo t. rms. Freedom, peace, in? ustry and oommcrco aro their commou lois. They ure, os t . origin at least, ie same breed of mm; they uso tho imo language, submit themselves to tho .m.' laws. Those two great nations, H I? ion , bc supposed to havo a fuvoru le application, Tiny aro not near lough to havo their dii?oroncos eu pnoracd by the berco passion of family narr?is--they aro too near to be the dims of hopeless misuinlei. landings r ot' that barbarous impulse to fight ali range peoples w hich has been ut tho ottom ol many great wars. If any two atiouH on the earth cm b-> t on without ...ot to anns tliOSO two should; if they innot, tho disarmament of nations and reign of ju.ice is a hopeless vision, ne promise thai lhere is in this pros uct gives interest to tho deputation of istiuguished liuglishmou who have limo hither to mcmoralizo the President 0 this subject, and te give at least tho toral assoul ol' a division e?i" the British eoplo to thc action hitherto taken by ougress in proposing that our Uovern lei.i .shall endeavor to make a treaty it h the british Uovornmont tor tho ibmission to arbitration of all future 1 llb ronces that get beyond tile scope of iplomacy. Nati us Bliould assimilate " Ir conduot to that which is dicteted y tho iustiuct of individuals. Barbar iis mon, tho iguorant, the brutal, tho ?w down in the world, plume them? ?Ives upon tboir physical loree and loir readiness to use H. lavery differ* ncc of opinion ends in a light. As n y got higher in the seule they aro less rone to I his conduct ; but they will still ght tor sei ions cuses. Higher still they xhuust every peaceful remedy. They .ason their difJorenocs more thorough ,-, they accept thc mediation ot' friends, u v go to Court, they light only at . iee ultimate point of passion rarely .adi ?I. Nations do the same in part, ut should be yet more logically tho imo as they rise in the scale of civilizi on. Civilized countries bave miuimizod ie nu mia r of war-; ami the resort to xtional remedies may be carried yet irtlior. \ New Pool. Some ol thc cattle men ot (he plains uve recently formed what they cull thc Beef Pool, and liavo united with Ar lour iV Co. to keep up prices. Armour gue-, to slaughter iholr stock for $2.00 cr bead ami give them inc proceeds. The rangi men concerned sa)' thc dressed eel ring runs uh the markets, holding own the price of live ettie and holding p th - puce of dressed meats, and that heir only hope is to deal with the combinat ion, Thc promotora claim that hy this rrangement they will be enabled to get inproved curs, feeding, watering and pro pction of the animais in transit, r d to uve i he enormous shrinkage they now u tier. Hut if Armour and the beef pool are to ic allowed to run such ears on thc rail oads, why not o'her people? Or why not he rangemen without Mr. Armour's pa ronfiffe? Ntie York Star, l ue Stuart Monument Association of liehuioinl. Vu., hus purchased the granite ihttft with which to murk thc snot, near i chow Tavern, where (len. .1. E. Ii. Htuart ell mortally wouuded, on May ll, 1864, .viiile re|v?ling un attack of (Sheridan's ?avalrj . Tin Inscription to lie put on tho ihflfl li is been determined upon and tho nonument will shortly tic placed In position A ;i ii appropriate ceremonies. When all so called romedies fail, Dr, Sages Catarrh Kcrnedy cures, j |The opeo horse care do not travel any oo raptuly, but they arc always fast enough o enable a passenger to catch a cold,