The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, June 08, 1887, Image 1
EMPSON MILUS.
?Htcr Hipp
Lo
YOL. ?.
LAI KENS C. LIM S. C., WEDNESDAY, JULY 28, 1886.
big job of Clothing
_Baltimore Fir?.
TIMELY Tones KOK ^AKMIiKS,
UOW TO DO PAYINO WOICK AT THIS
si: \M>N.
Siitrgoslinna ol I nt crest, i rom un Author!
titttvu Sou reo.
(W. I.. Joni . In Soulliei'ii Cultivator)
Having finished planting thc main
crops mid got them well miller way, tho
work of continued cultivation will ab?
sorh most of tho time luul attontion of
thc farmer. If the .seasons during May,
in any given section, have bcou propiti
ous, the maiu object in view in cultivat
ing tho crop will bo to keep the sm face
soil in light, friable condition, Tho un
thinking laborer con?oive! that Hie i ?iii !
end of plowing and booing ia to pix vc.it
tho wcoda from choking tho orop. To
auch a mau (perhaps thcro uro many
ouch) tho grase and wi oils aro a bli. sing
in disguise-compelling him to gm thc
cultivation which would be needed, even
in tho absence of such a blossing. J >cep
plowing of growing orops ia not now in
onler, excepting, of cour, e, lato-plautcd
ileitis not before well plowed. Wo want
to induce a moderately rapid and health
ful growth bf thi! stalks of com ar i cot
ton. Therefore tho root? of the plants
should not ho torn uml broken 1 on
than is absolut' ly necessary. The uppoi
inch or two of the Boil should bo kopi
open and loose. The em ? which b rms
after a rain preven?s tho easy noces:? ol
tlio air above laden with plant food in
tho form of carbonic neill and nitrogen
and should be broken os ofton a- may
be found expedient, not less thau niu e
in every ton days ur two weeks. Thc
layer of sob mellow soil that i.> loft be
hind the cultivating implement acts very
decid ly as u mulching to tho layer bi lou
in which the root.' are penetrating in
ovory direction. Such a layer of IOOEO
soil is a poor conductor of heat and
therefore protects tho roots; i i tho crop
from tim loo fervid and scorching rays
of tho sou; and thc interstices aro not
line and close OUOUgb to act a capil!.. ; i s
in bringing up tho moisture from tho
soil about tho ru. >t s to bo evaporated und
lost, as would be the case il tho croat
were permitted to remain undisturbed.
lt should bo tho aim, thorofore, lo go
over a crop as rapidly as possible after a
good season of rain and to keep the sur
taco us constantly as possible in Ibis
loose, i.jon condition. How often a
crop .should bo plowed over is, asah i tlx
hinted, a question of oxpcdh ney. \\. ile
it is true I liai a crop growing on i.r
land but lightly fertilized will n eel ..' a
greater ratio of bein lit from frequent
and thorough cultivation than a crop
mowin;; on rich or woll-fcrtili/.i ! soil,
yet it pays best to ?ivo the naturally rich
or tho highly fertilized laud ibo prefer
ence tho best and must frequent eu Li
vation. Wo doubt not there nru many
Holds already planted that would ;ivc
better roturns (less loss) ii* they should
receive no cultivation at lill,
ll Al'IO CULTIVATION,
Tito implements used in tho Mouth in
uultivntiug tho crops aie generally de
fectivo in tho respect that tiny are loo
small they do not get over tho coo. i.i.,i
enough. A light-running 12 to 18 inch
Sweep does not fully lax tho capacity of
a stout mule to say nothing of Hui simd lei
shevo! and scooter, still so much u ed.
Tho Southern farmer dues no! fully ap
preciate the advantages nf wide apr? ail
ing cultivators ami harrows. Arnot./; the
number of expanding, adjustable culti
vators, ou wheels or otherwise, that are
so generally used in thc North and \\ i st,
wo ought to bo able to Und une that will
answer our purpose better Hain the
sweep and heel scrape. A cotton n iddlo
should ho cleaned out and stirred hom
row to row nt ono through trip a corn
row at not more than two. There is cer
tainly an unnecessary consumption of
time and travel when from seven to nine
furrows are given to each three-foot cot
ton row, in the course of tho season, as
ia usually done, omploying tho timo ol
an able-bodied hand ami mule.
Several years ago, while watching tho
plowing ol a held of cotton with 24-inch
?weeps-two furrows to tho mid.ile wo
wore struck with tho fact that, in makio;;
UlO return, or second furrow, tho big
sweep woe doing substantially little moro
original work than might have boon done
by a three inch garden hoc. Tho greater
Imrt of tho cutting edgoof tho sweep Wils
upping over and passing along tho fur
row run just a few moments before. To
remedy this on the spot wo directed thc
plowman to side "by the row," und . kip
ovory other row- i.e. i ide both sah i ol
every other row. The result waa a gain
ol just one-half tho time, and doing ilse
work -so far as merely stirring the soil
.waa concerned almoi i as perfectly itu if
two furrows had been run m each mid
dle. This caving of timo made it posi
ble to stir tho i oil practically the entire
surface-- twice us often os before willi
precisely tho simm ia' or. U? four at
tho next plowing tb? ros s not sided be
fore received the spooial attention, thc
othors hoing left, Wo woro so pleased
with the phill that lt wai adopted as u
perinur.ent 1. ; ort, especially when it was
desirable to go 0V< r tho crop very rapid
ly. OS immediately after a heavy rain.
Tho principle involved is moro or less
applicable to tho cultivation of wider
row?, and the plan muy ho modified or
suspended according to oiroumstancos.
It is equally applicable to any of thc
cultivators which do not straddle thc
TOW BO BM to plow both sides of All
implement designed to run ustr K thc
rows and side both sides perfectly is n
desideratum in the earlier stage? of the
orop. Hut in tie al nee of such a cul
tivator tho plan above dotttilod will . ft? n
bo found very expedient. Tho time
honored rule of plowing over tho Oro]
ovory three week? baa but little to re?
oommond it Ot CO pt its observance will
prevent tho absolute loss of thc crop, ll
but throe plowingu are to bo given to thc
corn crop it ls hotter to somewhat delat
the first and huston tho second and third,
so os to make thc intel vals between
plowings loss.
SU A l.t. GRAIN.
Of course tho small grain crop mast
roooivo attontion as it hpeuo for tho bar
ves i, ind no reminder will ho needed
othr j than tho rapid failing of the green
into the golden yellow, liomomber that
oats intended for feeding in the sheaf
Should be out when tho tops of tho heads
Lavo turne?! yellow and w 11 i ' < > tho straw
is still creon, Gal lather high IUMI euro
well before housing, ns they ure very
troublesome to manage if nut into stack
or barn uudorourcd. Wlient intended
for market or milling biro niel also bo oui
before fully ripe, lint nearer full ripeness
than nat .. Tho husk or luau will thou
be thinner and tho yield of Hour will he
hotter than it the grain bo permitted to
fully harden. but all grain interned
for seed i hould bo fully ripe, especially
oats, lt is an oxcollout plan to go over
the Holds and scloet tho ohoiccst heads
(in ndvanco of tho harvesting), stripping
by baud root keeping tito grain separate.
In this way tho quality of tho seed ill
any desired respect may 1)0 kept up to
tho or i gi nul standard of excollouce, und
even much improved. It is probable
that thu popular rust proof oats and
other varieties of graiu were discovered
and perpetuated in this way.
{JW I'.KT POTATOES,
This is the favored time for enlarging
tile area in sweet pototoes. Tin; vines
planted now will do as well, if not la t
ter, than thc slips from tho old bed.
Hut whether out villOS or slips be used,
plantings in .lune or July will make
cheaper ami better keeping tubers than
plantings made during the mouths <>i
April and May, because they grow oil at
once and require much less cultivation.
Wo used to take n prido in setting tho
oarlicst slips and tho largest ?uva carly
in the season, until WO discovered that
BI imo of our aoighbors who were not so
smart made more and better potatoes by
planting later.
Wo consider the sweet potato crop as
possesing great undeveloped possibili
ties, His about tho cheapest hog food
Unit can be produced in our chi.tate i nd
cor Uti. i ly ono of the most healthful os
well as convenient. Au important secret
in sweet potato planting is to have tho
ground woll prepared beforehand and
if? shly plowed just before setting out
tho Blips or sines, lt not convenient to
rovcrso tho beds after a rain and just be
fore planting, the patch should bo
ploWi u, or tit least hoed, just us soon as
pi-eel cable, I'lunts eot in a sodden,
Coi i j MC I soil do not llonrish and grow
off as wi ll as if set in a mellow, freshly
plowed soil.
In planting vitus wo have found it to
pay to preparo tho cuttings with some
degree o? cure, dividing them into pin es
containing from three to live leaves (ac
cording lo distance bet ween leaves) and
inserting two to three jointe only ill tho
grout.it. There will bo fewer potatoes
ina bit!, but tiny will he larger ami
smoother than when much more ot' thc
vine is inserted Ul the ground.
i'iur.1) CHAH,
This ls tho best time for planting Held
peas, whether for soeil or improving thc
lund. No corn Held should bo without
i row of pius between tho rows of corn,
or broadcasted over tho field. The crop
co.,ls litchi moro than tho seed and
is pr? baldy the best paying crop planted
in the ?South in proportion to the in
vestment in seed and labor If some
bunch variety is already growing ill rows
it is md a l>ad idea to sow again just
alu ad of the lost plowing. For this pur
pouo tim Conch pin, or sumo other run
ning kind, is best, lt is often recom
mended to sow pea-; after wheat and
oats, lt is good farming to do .0 when
practicable, but it so often occurs that
the ground i.s too dry and bant to per
mit ot plow ing and gi tiing tho peas up
that tile pl m cannot bo relied oil a-s a
pul of a regular system. Sometimes it
can be done, oft on it cannot, lt tho
groin d can bo plowed tho best way we
have found to do it is to list two furrows I
together lapping the slices turned ami |
leaving a narrow rid go to be opened out
with <i shovel, followed by n pea-dropper, '
and the peas covered. Three furrows,
af tor tho pons aro well up, will usually I
stlOico for tho cultivation.
ponAon euora.
Forage crops, like cat tail millet, m?h?
maize, bullit* com and sorghum, may
tillie planted, but tho land should bo
proportionately belter ns thc planting is
later. Wo have had uo personal experi
ence willi millo maize, but doubt it lt is
any better for green soiling than thc old
stand-by cat tail millet. For curing into
buy for uso by and hy, the Gorman mil
le' and common com answer better,
albeit tho latter is very diflloult to cure
perfectly.
Tho Herman millet should be sown
broadcast in well-broken lund, ami at the
rate of OUO-haii to ono bushel of Kcod
per acre and harrowed in. Kow the corn
111 drills three to four feet apart at the
rate of three bushels of heed per acre.
The ordinary pop corn is said to be ex
cellent for this parp?se,
TUUNIPH,
Land intended to ho sown in turnips,
cspec; illy if rutabagna arc to be grown,
should rec ive attention by repeated
deep plowings until the time for seeding
arrives. We are liol strong in our ad
vocacy of turnips as A stock crop in the
cotton belt. Ulir full Climate is general
ly too dry for turnips, and unless every
other condition of success is faithfully
complied with, the failures will be often
er than the lilts; yoi tills vegetable la so
desirable for tho bible, as well us for
stock, that a moderato area should be
Bown, lt they fail, it is easy to devote
the land to some fall crop, OS rye, barley
or wheat.
nous.
We have long believed that the predis
posing causes of hog cholera aro insilftl
clent or uunatiintl food and want of
plenty of pine wider. Tho disease is
well known to bo infectious, but it is
known that oven infectious diseases
more readily attack whore there are pro
disposing causes. Thc hog, in a btatc
of nature, herbivorous, subsisting on
roots, grass and nuts, and ranging the
wooilh mid sw amps 1111 rest ruined. Thc
nearer wo cnn keep to nature in tho
management of stock, supplementing
natural supplies by tho arts ol culture,
and protecting against undue exposure
to incl inent weather, tho moro healthy
and vigorous the animals will bo. Every
farmer should provide, an abundance ol
green and succulent food throughout thc
Spring and summer, to be followed in
the fad and winter Ly nubs, tubers, grain
and oil-cako. Green roasting curs, stalk
and nil, sorghum, collards, clover, fallen
fruit and many of tho natural grosses ot
the field aflora a sucoossion and variety
that have little to bo dosired during the
glowing months; and nwoot potatoes,
chitins, peanuts, ?old-pcas, artichoke,
etc., nnswor the demands of tho season
further on, and preparo tho porkers for
Hie smoke-house. What u list ot food |
resources for niau anti boast wo havo iu
Un-.South! Wo ought not lo import u
pound ol hiioou or lard, hoof or butter.
If failuro or fumino occurs in ono coun
ty tho adjoining or not distant county
should bo our Egypt, instead of tho far
distant West. If failure occurs this year,
try aguiu. Not many give up cotton
planting because of even repeated suc
cessive failures. The writorspent seven
teen of tho best years of his lifo on bis
farm, and during that time, in tho ag
gregate, his salea of surplus pork ami
bacon wmc greater than the amounts
bought. Tho South raised her bacon
during the war, and sim can and ought
to do it now. Not every farmer, per
haps, is favorably situated for raising
hogs; but there aro others whose sur
plus should supply such as fail. This is
fully as good a section for bog-raising as
for corn-growing. If we persist in tho
one, why not in the other? We csu
largely substitute oats and other grain;
we accept no substituto for bacon und
lard- the greater reason why we .should
produce our own bacon which bas boon
donn very successfully by many progres
sive Southern farmers.
"I WANT 'i HAT "?1 \ N V
Keast ? II s for Thinking AI ncr i Sydney John
ston Was Killed hy a Private.
Chicago Intor-Ooonn: AB a gem ral
nile the most impartial personality that
I ovor got acquainted with is a bull? t in
battle, lt is perfectly democratic and fair,
recognizing neither rank, station, age
nor quality. There are sonic exceptions
to this rule, as, for instanco, when u
bullet is directly aimed at some con
spicuous ollieor and fetches him. I think
it was a special bullet that killed Alla rt
Sydney Johnston, and the reason why I
think so is this:
In the Shiloh light Pugh's brigade, to
which 1 belonged, was strung along thc
rail b nce, having tho cotton Hold and
peach orchard between it and the ('mi
fed, rate line. Across this field and
orchard the enemy made three or four
magnificent charges, and was terribly
repulsed each time. Captain Johnston,
the son of the ( louerai, frankly acknowl
edges those defeats in his account of tho
battle contained in the biography of his
father. Tho repulses caused much de
moralization in thc ranks of He1 Confcd
t rate-:, hut utter awhile wc could see that
their lim; was re-cstablishcd in gnat
shape. Then we saw Um General riding
down tho front while the men cheered
hun with a great dial ol enthusiasm,
Weall supposed lhal General beaure
gard was in command of the enemy, for
General Johnston's name was not fa
miliar to us and Hean regard's was. As
he passed along tho line our boys said to
cooli other:
"That's beauregard! That's Beaure
gard!"
Just ul that moment a tall, gaunt fel
low, in a slate of intense nervous excite
mont, and carrying his gnni at the
"trail," tried to brook through Ibo lino
where I was, with tho intention of climb
ing over the fence toward tllOCUOmy, I
challenged him sharply:
"What do you want here? What n i
melli do you belong to?"
"Fi ?leon th I lliuois."
"Go hack to your regiment; you have
no business here. Go back I"
"Oh d m't stop me," he said. " bet
me KO, I want that man on that horse."
before I could prevent him he bad
broken through ami scaled the fence. 1
watched him zigzagging along from tree
to troo until ho reached the log house
above tho centre of the Held. This
brought him very m ar thc enemy, and
if he took a rest tor his gun ou the win
dow sill the man on horseback would
certainly be in peril. 1 I10V01' saw that
soldier nguiu, but for twenty live years I
have held firmly to the opinion that he
shot "that man on the horse."
It is ovidont from tho accounts that
General Johnston was wounded several
minutes before be fell, but dal not think
thc- mutter serions, ovon if he km w it at
all. Ile had been slowly bleeding to
death for some time, and winn at last he
tainted it was too late to save him.
A Dwarf IN opio lu Huropo,
Professor Mornpto has mode a remark
able anthropological discovery in Un
valley of ll ibas, in the Eastern Pyrenees,
In that district ho found Ulimoroilf
groups id persons who are named by th'
other inhabitants "Nanos" (tho dwarfs i,
and who never attained to u greater tall
ness than four feet. They are well baili
in body, have exceedingly HUIn 11 hand
and feet, and are broad in the hips am
shoulders. All have red hair. Theil
cheek-bones are prominent; their chili!
are si piare and large. Tho oyes liavi
the shod tendency of the Chinese. Tin
men ure beardless, or they have at tin
most only a few soft hairs 00 tin chin
Tia- face is full, and skin jude and loose
lt looks as if it had no muscles U m uti
il. Tho im-n and women an- so lile
cooli other that their dress betrays Hu i
sex. Many ol' them have swollen nooks
goitrc-liko, but this is possibly to b
attributed to the water, lho Nanos ar
e instantly objects of lin; taunt ami rilli
Ollie of the other inhabitants of {Tic val
loy. They live as a separate pcopk
marrying only amongst thomsclvcs, r
that the race is preserved unique. Tbei
intelligence is vory low. Tiny have n
schooling, no nu ans of bettering thci
existence, rn? one cumbers himself aboil
them, and they lead a miserable exist
once. "Many of those, whom 1 quel
tioned," says Professor Murapin, "cool
not even tell mo where they lived. Thc
hud no conception of arithmetic, The
were amiable in their milliners, un
Boomed quito willing to learn sonu
thing."
suomi Minmi*.
As lho Coming of a great storm la horttldl
hy the display ol cautiouary signals, so
thc approach Of timi dread and fatal di
ease, Consumption of the bungs, usual
announced ni advance hy pimples, hod ht
eruptions, ulcers, glandular swellings, ai
kindled uuttruril manifestations of ila- i
icrnal blood poison, which, if not prompt
expelled from the system, attacks thc ile
cale tissues of thc lungs, causing them
ulcerate and luvnk down. Dr. Pier?
"(.leiden Medlcm Discovery" ls thc gri
remedy foi this, a?*for all diseases hnvii
their origin tn had blood. It Improves ti
Appetite and digestion, incroucs nutrid
and builds up the wasted system.
The young man who stood on his ot
merits became very much fatigued with t
performance.
"s. . > ? .,. ,
ON THU WAY HOME,
A s.il I loi| II y by Kui'iuer BtiiukiMilv,
do 'long, old maro. Let's KOO: PVQ
got tho molasses, un' tho thread, un' tho
plow-pint, un' Sui's shoo that was mend
ed, nu' the paper. So Cleveland is really
in tho White House un' at work. The
pa por says he's pftttin' in thu Bourbons
ut a great rate. Somehow 1 don't like
thal, paper ns 1 used to. It don't seem
to tell the wholo truth an' notion' but
tho truth, as I used to suppose it did. 1
was in ut noighbor Straight's an' picked
up a paper called tho Voice that had a
heap ot nows in it that 1 never found in
my tiopublicnn papers. 1 intend to hear
both Hides ol these things utter this.
Well, I voted for Blaine, after all my
lennin's to S1 .lohn. Fact, they sort of
bull-dozed mo wqou 1 got to tho polls.
There was I '.lih r i'rand met me oil the
Btre< t. "I do hope," says he, "that you
won' cast half a voto for such a moral
leper as Clovolnnd. The great issue ill
this campaign is moral purity, and every
Christian man should vote f >r I'lnine.
An' then come the Scpiire. "I tell you,"
said he, "Cleveland is a man of no
capacity whatever, no experience in pub
lie allai rs. He'll fust 1)0 tho tool of tho
worst clements of his party, Have you
ficen what the ministers of Chicago say
itbout?" An' then be took the tobacco
put of his mouth an' read somelhin' like
Ibis: "ltcsolvi I, That for the sake of
Lho South, for tho sake of this country,
for tho salta of temperance and Prohibi
tion, for thc sake of the family and the
reform against polygamy, tho election of
fas. G. Blaine is tho necessity of tho
[tour." "Excuse mo a minit," says ho,
ind ho started oil to catch a saloon
kcopor who was coming along-. Ho
lalki il with him for about live minite au'
tlion banded him something in the Tri
mm- to read, and then come back to me.
"Here's another," says he, "ol' tia se
?pinions of the clergy that every Chris
tian man ought to read bofore votin' tor
uich a d d ira m I as St, Johr, Kx
mse me, deacon, I don't ol'' li swear,
nit the hypocracy of these feilors what
is disgraoiu1 the cause of temperance
makes nu- mad," So he pulled out u
paper an' read a string of resolutions by
tho olorgy of New Kork, One of Vin
ivas, "not to cast a half-voto for tho
I lena eratic party wi; li tho semi-sanction
. f impurity and dissipation, nor a whole
lote for a mau whose name is now the
conspicuous synonym of incapacity and
iucoutincnoy. ' Then he began read in'
Ihireliard's speech, but just as he got to
ike last i nd of it the saloou-keopor conic
aver where we was standin' and says,
.'That is Very ali tactoiy, and he ti K a
Kepublic.m ticket an' went on to tho
nolls. As soon as he was out of bearing
the Squire went on with Barnhard's
mccoll, an' ho put a good emphasis on
tin "Kum, Ltomunismandllobcuiou,"
These things had BOli of staggered me
wheu good old General busy come along.
Bless his gray beard! Weall know he
was a true mau in Congress, am! be
eel.- - like ovory man's friend. "Dea
con," says he, "I'm very anxious about
this election. There's thc brass factory
over at the liver shut doun, not to re
sumo unless Blaine is elected. And hero
?a tho hunker Democracy list reaelnn'
af ter tho spoils. If they get in where
will we bo? What will Income of Civil
Servico lloform? And 1 toll you if lho
Democrats get in I should not bc sur
prised M tiny repealed all the laws
again t polygamy, and just let Utah into
the Union, Mormons and all." There
.s.e. no doubl the good old man boliovcd
what he was sayin' "And as for tem
pi rance,'' ho went on, "you know 1 ?un
ii true temperance man. St. .lohn
Couldn't help the cause il' llOWOSOlcotcd,
end he can't possibly be elected, for the
majority o? tun- tempor?neo mou nro
ilgailisl him. Alter election 1 will go
OMI- this county myself ?in' speak on
temperance, and w< will put up a first
rate candidate lor the State Legislature."
Steady, old mare, over this new road.
Well, sir, my resolution just oozed out
with all this talk. I forgot everything
but the incapacity and wickedness of
Cleveland and tin- Democrats, and the
it ux ie ty of good mon for Blaine's elec
tion, ami I brushed past yoting Straight
who had the Prohibition tickets, though
I couldn't bel]) admiring his grit, and
grace, too, for I knew he was doing his
Christian duty 1 brushed post him and
putin my ballot for blaine.
Pm afraid that ballot was throws d
away. Cleveland's incapacity ain't
conspicuous as 1 ox pee ted it would be.
l in- trass works OCSUmcd about a week
after ideation there's, the smoke ol' 'om
now. And as for the Mormons and the
fullors what was crowdin' out the In
dians, they seem to be skipping and
clearing out more than ever before. I'm
af raid those good mon what I followed
was party-blind themselves. Not that 1
lu lu ve ni the Democrats us a party.
Why, Noighbor Crook, who's been a
Democrat always, has come out since
election, and says ho can't stand his
party any longer, now hr' sees a bettor
place to go to, and jinod the Prohn u
tiouists. 'l in- Democrats is bod, but not
BO bud as whiskoy* Thc Republicans
limy better, but they ure not good
enough to suit me. If they bud done
?heir duly this temperance question
would not be so big us it is to-day.
Well, when I got home wile M-.VS,
"Ulirrah for St. .lohn," un' I was kinder
hamed to tell her who I voted for, Ho I
edged around ?ind told her what the mon
on the street told me. .My stars! didn't
lar oyes begin to snap I Sho just (ired
Dp and swept away their arguments like
so many cobwebs. "Who are the hopo
oritea," says silo, "the honest men who
vote tor what they believe to be right,
or politicians, like tho Squire, who say
. me fiting to the saloonists, and another
to the tempor?neo men, and get'em both
to volo the Bamo ticket V"
Whoa! I say. .lim! .lim! Come und
put cut the maro. Tho Voico,
Kai 11 nail i ie; in Mexico,
..But thc railroads iu Mexico uro re
markable. I like tho way Mexicans bike
life. I don't believe wo know how to
live here or in P.uropo. We go so fast
and we work all tho time. Now it took
me a whole day to KO about fifty miles."
"By railroading?"
"Yes, by railroads. We went very
slow and took it easy, but wo might have
irrived at our destination a littlo earlier
if the conductor hadn't bad a lot of
j-ameeocks along and an engagement for
a cock-fight at every station. It was in
teresting, don't vou know, but I don't
. bink I II go to Mexico again for some
time."
TUM MI LK-A-MI NI TH MYTH.
l-'iist Tlllio M lui?) liv ICllllwtl) Train- in
Ami iii a 1111(1 i:ni;lanil.
(Mow Voi le. Mall uml Kxprc ss.)
."lt is interesting to study railroad
statistics," Haiti a railroad director t<> a
Mail mid Expresa roporter. lin con
tiuued in tho sumo strain, "There aro
21)0,000 niilcs of railroad in tho United
States, In is.v> tho railways of tho
United States carried 312,780,011 pas
sengers and 100,<153,43(.l tuns ol freight,
l'?ach porson was transported an average
distonco of 2:1 miles; lionco tho ontiro
movement ou all tho roads w.ts ciiual to
carrying 8,511,300,07-1 persons ono milo.
Massaehusotts hikes thc lead in pa . M
gor tram-portion, with 53,800,887; Pcnu
aylvauia uext, then Now York, [Him
Now Jorsoy and Ohio. Jn freight ton
ungo i'onnaylvania takes tie" lead v.nh
105,507,010 tons, and .New York second.
There are about 25 milos of double track,
sidings, otc, ll) locomotives, 1521 freight
cars, .) baggage and mail and b> passen
ger cars for ovory 100,000 miles of rail
road in thc United .Suites.
".Speed in hard to average. Tho 00
ami 75 miles an hour train is generally n
myth. An average of hs .l-lu miles per
hour ia tho fastest time in tho I uited
Stab s. This is made on tho Pennsyl
vania 'limited' in its run from Jorsey
City to Philadelphia, '.*o miles, in li
than two hours. Tho 'Flying Dutch
man' train is supposed to make tho
fastest t?UO in tho world, between Lon
don and Bristol, 118J miles, in less than
two hours. The average, though, OVi n
of this fust train is only 50J miles nor
hour. There are several other trains
noted lor remarkably fast time on short
distances. Sometimes a straight and
even grade fora distance of 20 miles will
permit ?1 train to run at tho rato O? more
than a mile a minute. Ono tram on the
Canadian Paciiloroad, from Cotanoauto
Ottawa, averages 50 miles an hour for a
distance of 78 miles. On tho Central
road the late Mr. Vanderbilt traveled at
tho rate of 00 milos an hour. An uvoi
OgGOfSOj miles an hour is considered
fast traveling. Many t.f tho limited,
lightning expresses do not go at a faster
rate. Tho value of railroads in tile
United States exceeds eight billious ol
dollars."
Tho Churches in Ho- i ulled St at CH. |
lt is sometimes asserted that Chris
tianity is losiug its hold upon the une M
in the United States. Statistic iliow
that this is quito a mistake Indeed, thc
opposite of the assertion i s amply -bown
by the ligures. The religious division
of tho COUSUS of 1880 has not yet bei :i
published, -so thal lue public is deprived
of the ligures made up from authorita
tive statements of representatives of tho
dillbrout branches of the Christian
Church. Dut enough data are obtaina
ble from other trustworthy sources to
enable us to make a fair estimate. The
ri suit of such estimate is to show that
the increase in churchs, ministers and
communicants mon: than keeps paco
with the increase in population.
A computation of the statistics of tho
( ?lurches of the United States made four
years ago shows that at that time there
were 115,010 churches, 81,717 ministers
ami 17,207,1 78 communicants, including
0,832,051 Doman Catholics. These lig
ures did not bichillo .Mormons or Jews.
The year books of 1880 show that the
same religious bodies now number 132,
135 churches, 01,011 ministers ami l\
Dis,'.?77 communicants, allowing tho
Catholic population to uuuibor r,000,
iioo, which would ho a gain of but 107,
UOO in four years. The not gain of four
years is thusshowu to 1?.: 15,235 churches,
or at the rate of lOj per day; 1,018,700
communicants, or at tho rate of 1,117
everyday, and 10,10-1 ministers, or more
than 2,500a year. Unless these ligures
can bo shown to bo untrustworthy, tho
claim that the masses are lulling awns
from tlc- churches i.s COntradioh d.
lt is interesting to not?- tho relative
strength ol the various religious bodies
which iigure in those stan ties. Tho
lhmian Catholics stand tlrst, with a
membership of 7,000,000. The fourtci u
. lilli rent Methodist organizations como
nest, with a total membership ol' 1,532,
058; tim baptists third, with 3,727,020;
Presbyterinns fourth, with 1,082,130;
Lutherans lifth, with 030,830; Congre
gationalists sixth, with 130,370, ami
Episcopalians seventh, willi 130,531.
The entire P. otostant Church member
ship is placed at 12,018,077. Of the
gains of ibo last four years the Method
ists aro to be credited willi mute than
one-half the ministers and with one third
of the churches ami membership, Tho
growth of this body is enormous, it
having orison within one hundred years
from a membership of 13,000 to 1,532,
'ins nt thc close of fast year.
The churches of tho United States, if
classified according to form of church
government, would naturally fall under
three heads, Episcopal, Congregational
and Presbyterian. In the first, which is
tho largest class, should be placi d Catii
olios, Episcopalians, Methodists and Mo
ravians, their combined memberships
aggregating 11,787,770, Tho Congrega
tional polity includes baptists, Congre
gationalists, Advents, friends 011(1 some
minor divisions of the Methodists, with
Oil aggregate membership ot 1,520,412,
Undor tho Presbyterian lorin conic tho
various Presbyterian bodies, as well OS
tho Lut horans and Mennonites, with a
membership of 2,710,632,
There is ovory reason to expect that
the growth in church membership will
increase rather than diminish. Tho
di Ile rent church bodies are improving
their methods both in extent and in
ell'octivencss. Sunday-schools have of
lute years beconio more numerous, and
have bocomo, too, better means ol pro
moting tho growth of the Church.
Nearly ono thousand preachers of Chris
tianity are at work, and of late years thc
standards of fitness for the ministry have
been very much raised. The ('burch,
clergy as well as laity, is better ?dllOOtod.
and for that reason is all thc better lilted
to teach that morality without winch
I'bri..tinnily cannot expect to cope with
itt? enemies or to pince its followers in
snob light before tho world 08 that they
may by their lives teach its all-important
lessons._^ ^ _
A Elutbond's Greatest messing
Ia o strong, healthy, vigorous win-,
with a clear, handsomo oomplozion,
These can all bo acquired by using Dr.
Dorter's Iron Tonic.
Sin has many tools, but a He is the bandit
which Hts thom all.
?KIM JaMMM0MIUnMaMM?MW?MMUH ?n-wiM???. *?.
nu?; ou? SOUTH.
.\ I li; AI rut i, TKIIlUTb ni ni i:
i.l ri KA i l KI:.
Ilair-I'\ii'tiu((?)ii Writers w i". \v< rc (.innis
In Their Day- lin- Hoys ol Hui Old Koli I ll
in College Wlicrii 'Vu.. <:.. Now-Too
Much Of tho imlUr-.U.ikln? KloillOlll un
Top Now.
(From th.- Louisville Courier-Journal.)
Within Hie post ?ow years it 1ms bo
I come tho fashion among literary oritics
to doprcoiato tito literature produced in
tho South before i'm. war, ami lo point
to autc-bclhtin days as a porioil almost
barren of literary ucbiovoment. Indeed,
it hus been with this (usliion as with all
fashions--it 1ms boon exaggerated and
overdone. In our acal to placo thc
laurel on tho brow ol tho hero <>f to-day,
we have forgotten bin predecessors, and
wo have whispered ii,t'> his cai, "Thou
art Hie ilrst of thy race."
Now far bo it from my intention to say
aught against tho fair name of the m w
gonoration of writers that 1ms sprung up
iu the South since tho war. No South
erner anyw here h prouder limn I am
of sueii names as Thompson and
Craddock and Harris. But now, it with
tho ancient Oloitus I dare say to tho
boro, "Thy father, Philip, nf Macedon,
was also a great mun," I hope 1 may not
meet Hie lalo ol' that faithful, hut ti".
, ho id, censer.
In offering a criticism of anything
writtOH in the South before tho war, one
is ooufrontod with an amount of preju
dice which is indeed xcmurkub'.c. Tie
average Southerner has formed Iiis
opinion of anto-bcllum literature not
from actual study of tho literature itself,
but rather from tho biased criticisms of
i Northern writers. He roads Griswold,
i and is told thot Simnri Wa-; a voluminous
writer, but entirely without literary
merit, and that Hoi- was ii drunken and
conceited fool. Froi i S tedman bo IcaruH
tina Walt Whitman is tit.) ne plus ultra
of American pools, and tl.id Ibero was no
intellectual achievement i.i tho South
before th'' war, )?.;. "human . lavery was
'bc basis ?? b I physic.-.! life."
I l?xamine thc library ol the tolerably
well road Southerner, and what will you
lind? There will bo Rtyunt and Long
fellow, ?iud Lmerson and Hawthorne,
and all th? r it of Ibo N rt!lera writer.-.
But 1 would bo surpris.*! ii you found
anything by Poe, and I am HU ru yoi.
would ii nd nothing by Wiujliington
Allston or C. PinkueV, or Henry
Timrod or Albei t Pike. '?b. I hi ui.vand
and one volumes ii Coopdi's novels
would Iii cotiapicu us, bu ?? ai would
look in vail! for "Sw.dlow JiilVil" and
"lloriuttlm Itobinsoib" and "Martin
Faber" and "Cuslli Dv.enul."
Now, surely such uuHlt'e renee is not
justified by a Jock of iutriusio merit in
our literature, a i ! tho Southern po )ple
rtro doing themselves un injustice when
they all?W theinsulVCS to bO persuade I
that there is anything in then' literary
history to bo ashamed of.
Iii l#i)0 thal scholarly and accom
plished writer, John lt. rhempson for
a long limo ellb-i of the Souther;,!
I.denny Messenger entered into au
agreement with J ulm listen Cook to
publish uh edition of thc "Poets and
Poetry of tho South." But tho war, thai
blighter m hopos, ?.'ame on.
"A wind came oui of thc clouds hy night,
Chilling and killing."
and so thc leaves, scarcely begun lo bl
gathered, wore scattered again. But they
wi re the fresh leaves of a noble and im
passioned people s spring time, and let
us for a moment enjoy thoir fragrance
Hid you ever read Washington Alb
ston's "Sylph.-, ot tho Seasons" and
"Thc Paint bing.''' They ure wild und
beautiful. Vdu would divine they wore
written by au artist, even if you did not
know that Allston was one ol tl io great
est of American painters. Ho is to us
what Dauto Gabriel Rossetti is to ling
laud lld is tho painter poet. indeed,
tho soil of Carolina grew many sweet
and fragrant leaves. There were thc
lyrics of tho two Timrods, tho book
binder and his son. When Washington
Irving read William Timrod's ode "To
Time,'' ho exclaimed, "Tom Moore has
written no lluorlyric." "Autumnal Day
in Carolina" and "Sons of tho I nion,"
written during tho nullification contro
versy, and lloury Timrod's "Vision ol
Poesy" und "Rhapsody of a Southon]
Wint. r Night" ami "Summer Bower"all
have about them the scent of the foliage
Of a Southern forest. Henry Tinned is
much admired in the North, and Whit
tier und Stoddard 1 ave gone so far us to
sa > that lu is Lb greatest poe t tho South
ha i yet pro laced,
But lue only true ;> >rtraita oi Son lt
oin lifo before thc nar aro to bo foun I
in tho novels of Kennedy and Simms,
'l.t., iuii.ie.de willi the accuracy ot au
actual observer t ii ukurocter and cus
toms ofn period thai bas boon' tho source
oi much controversy. 1 think if thc
revilers of Ibo anti bellum South would
read h?hest old Kennedy's "Swallow
Lain," they would desist (rom their
8? u.solo?n'vituporalions. Std I the Nord;
American K. view: " The story of Abo
and tho hogro mother, for pathos uni
power, is not snrj ed by anything that
DOS yet appian lin the literature of our
country."
Hut I have time, only to mention some
ol our othor writers, ibero wa? Riobard
Henry Wilde, whoso FOSOOrohOS on
Torquato Tasso produced suoh a sens ;
Hon in lhirope; und then tho brother
Oooko; and John James Audubon, the
traveler und naturalist; and diaries
Gayarri, tho historian; and Judge Long,
street, whoso "Georgia Boones" was tho
pioneer lU this dialect literature winch ls
SO much "tin style just now, you know. "
And now OOmos PoO, thc greatest oi
Hiern all. But the critics buvo tried to
Htoal him away from US und give him to
tho North. Even Maurice Thompson
liints that Poo WOS only half a South
omer. Cable and Craddock have "iden
tilled themselVOS with tho North," but
who would call them Northern writers':
Yes, l'oc was a Southerner, and a South
omer to thc core. His father WOS n
Southerner, ho was born in tho South,
ho was raised in a typioal Southern bull
ly, and his sentiments and tomperanicnl
? wore iutonsoly Southern.
J Rut Mr. Thompson nays that "not ont
ot* Poe's pooina waa distinctly Southorn
in its conception and coloring." Now
Mr. Thompson is a groat authority, but
I bog le ave to differ with him. I would
ask ii' a Northern writer has ever pro
duced anything "grotesque and ara
besque?" That awful und poworful
wierdness of Poe's writings waa tho ex
ponent of tho misfortune and misery of
an intensely passionuto Southern uaturo.
"Tlie Bayon is u nightmare of a hot
summer's night. Havo not all Southern
and orienud writers thia characteristic
gorgeousness? Ls not Danto'? "Inferno"
characterized by this sumo horrible
grandeur? Indeed your Puritan poets,
wlule they could point tl io world to a
fabio and pruttlo of slavery, wero utterly
incapable of moving tho human soul to
its very depths and riveting it iu intense
emotion, 0* I o WOO wont to do. Evou
Stcdmau si . hut Hawthorne was no
bettor roma. 01 'lian Poo. "The Pall
of tho House Usher" is a grund mus
terpioce, und will go to posterity on
equal looting with "Tho Legend of
Sleepy Hollow" und "The Grout Steno
Face."
I As a poet Poe is unsurpassed by any
I of his countrymen. "Annabel Lee" is
one of the purest gems of tho English
language. With the Europeans, and
especially with the French, "Tho
Haven" is thc beat known of American
poems. And "Ulahimo," and "The
I blunted Paloco" and "Israfel"- who has
written anything liner than those? They
are not only poetry, but they uro lino
paintings and grand music.
"lt was hard by tho dim luke of Auber,
In tho misty mid region of Weir
It was down by tho dank tarn of Auber,
in the goul haunted woodland of Weir"
What imagery! What music to tho
oar! Poe's foot were winged, and they
could wander in that "land east of tho
sun and west of the moon,'' in that
border lund of all the arts, lt is true ho
did not write as much as Longfellow.
Ho did not have time. Longfellow died
at seventy-live, l'oc ut thirty-nine. Tho
lark hud just begun his morning Hight
when the hunter brought bini down.
Hut tlie clear, passionate notes of this
songster will ilout down many ages to
come.
But why go farther? Did not the old
South have a literature*? Did not her
generous soil grow literary genius as
well as every other kind of genius? Por
ten years the critics-Northern, and I
blush to say Southern, too-have racked
their brains in tho endeavor to formulate
au hypothesis to explain what they aro
pleased to cull the 'dearth of Southern
literature liefere tho war." In their
efforts b> Hud a cause for a result which
docs not exist oxcopt in their own minde
they have vilified our fathers and pro
claimed them an uncultured and uulet
torcd people. Hut 1 deny the charge in
toto. Could a mau be idle who directed
the mauagemont of tho broad thousands
o? .-eres of tl Southern plantation?
i ould a mun be idle and govern, protect
and provide for live hundred or a thou
? sulid slave .? Could fl mun without in
! dlistry and executive ability bring ugri
oulture to suoh a state of perfection ami
make mother earth yield so bountitully
beforo tho war? 1 know the Southern
planter did not do manual labor. No
wealthy mun docs that to-day.
? And was the ante-bellum Southerner
i.ynculturod? 1 declare that tho culture
au'd rclluomont in the Soul h before tho
war" wore such as tho world hus seldom
seen. l'hoy were a noble, u chivulric,
a pat.dOtio people. They were not only
gentle -*u maimers, but they were gent?o
ut houri'v
And w as the old South uncultured?
W here- li To boys went to college before
th?; war, o nly two go n.iw. nor educa
tional instl tutions were tho lincst in tho
land. The.te were the universities of
Virginia, Mi wissippi mid North Caroli
na. William AI, Lvurts sent his son to
tho university of Virginia, "because,"
?ii i bo, "it is t he host m tho land." Hut
tili critic say Hi e Sout hern boy did not
study. 1'ei haps not, bu? tho Northern
boy at "Harvard squoozoii through at
'.fifty," while the Muthern froy had to
toe tho mark at "uovonty-ilvor at tho
University of Virginia. And, I dare say,
?herc was liss dissipation at then Uivor
sity of Virginia bof.oro tho war th'uu there
is .it I bu vard to-day.
Vos, I um proud of the old South. I
am proud of her people; J um proud *
1e r deeds; i um proud of her bli o?*.
Hut J am glad tho war turned out as it
did; 1 uni glad that Domooraoy tri
umphed, und that all mon ure now equal
before the law ; und I rejoice hoart;,y ut
tho material progress tho South is now
making. But listen to my prophecy:
Tho condition of things in tho [South
to-day does not sit well on tho Southern
temperament. There is too much of tho
dollar-making, Tho Southerner is con
servative. Hut he is proud and strong,
and things must yield to his will. Tho
fabric of ante-bellum society is tho ono
Hud suits him the best, und it is Hie one
which ho will weave for himself again?
Within the noxt aoxt score of years tho
l>n.kc.i throads will bo taken up nguiu
and woven into u fabric whoso texture
v> ill be liner and stronger than ever bo
fore. lt will bo u free, a d?mocratie
aristocracy, And then--thu South will
be tho grandest land on Clod's earth.
.lons lH:\iiMtiu:vs WATKINS.
Vanderbilt University.
Ilaltimore Frlonil's Defalcation.
A dispatch from l?ul?moro says: Por
MK first time probably in tho history of
tho Society of Prienda in this country
tho treasurer of e Quaker mooting has
turned defaulter. Edwin Blackburn, tho
treasurer of tho Friends' Lombard Street
.Mis ting in this oity for many years, luis
i ieee deposed from his responsible posi
tion, a dolicit of about &b,UOU having
la en discovered in his accounts. Mr.
blackburn was recognized as ono of tho
most trustworthy men in tho city. Ho
was a loader in tho Lombard Street
.Meeting and particularly interested in
tho friends' mission work among tho
I adiana. Ho is over (IU years of agc and
hus a wife und two daughters. Tho dis
covery was made recently whon ho was
called upon for church funds and could
aol deliver, ito then confessed that ho
had used the monoy with tho intention,
of course, of making good tho dolloionoy.
' If bilious, or suffering from impurity of
blood, or weak lungs, aad fear of Con
i sumption (scrofulous disease of thc lunga),
t ike Ur. Pierce,! '-Golden Medical Discov
ery," and it will euro you. Hy druggists.
A young woman who had lost her speech
hy a severe cold, had twenty oilers of mar?
J 1 riugc la one week.