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EMPSON MILUS. ?Htcr Hipp Lo YOL. ?. LAI KENS C. LIM S. C., WEDNESDAY, JULY 28, 1886. big job of Clothing _Baltimore Fir?. TllK SINS OF Tin: 8F.NATH. An Explanation ot tho Cour.r 'Chut Hotly on UK- "Agricultural Ullis." Senator L. W. Yeomans, ofllnrnwoll, has written a letter to tho Nows anti Courier, defending tho action of tho State Sonate ou dif?eront mattem con sidered at tho recont session. After re viewing tlio articles of the several critics who have published thoir viows in tho nowspapors, Senator ?buninns fays: in a resumo of this diopter of fault Unding we note threespeoiflocomplaints against tho Sonato: Tho omasoulation of thu hill providing for ? xporiiiu lal i tiona; tho rejection ?>f tho resolution providing for a traveling conunittee to investigate tho modus oporaudi of ugri cultural collogea in other Stales; thc postponement of tho bill to ? rj the department of agriculture. : .: '. the hill to pr?vido fm- oxp< riiuotdiil ? t. Uons was maimed in tin- House and i: i origimd design frustrated by au amend mont providing for two stations instead of one, ns at first illtoUdcd. The inten tion of the finnier of ?hi.. ;.?.i ia?to iu'.Ye it follow in it? passnga tho i ii! to reor ganizo the department o? agriculture, and that the $10,000 appropriait d bo ex pended limier the auspices of il lieu board of agriculture upon ono station, with the view of making it : basis for tho ultimate establishment ot an agricul tural and mechanical college. Tho bill to reorganise the dcpartmoul of agricul ture having he. n postpom d by tho Son ato, and tiie limondmeut this bill having laen adopted by the 1J ouse eon trary to tho expectation ?'i il. author, \ thus shorn of that symmetry of it. sur roundings, crudely amouded in tho! hurry oi of legislation, was sent lo the I Sonato, Incongruous in shape aud incor rect even in it? phraseology. All the Senate proposed to do except lo strike ? out t he provisions for the traveling oom-1 mittco, which, I will st.de cn passant, i was an amendment proposed by ah Charleston lawyer, and notconlcinpiated i in tho original bUl, and which amend-!1 nient on the part of tho Semite wasuftei- ' wards accepted by the Hon . , was to ' i make the lull conform to its altered ?ur- i, rounding*-tho attempts to eii*ct which j i ? think were afterwards ?ni pr ...d upon I, by a committee of confcimct '.sith the i approval Of Hie Senate. 1 Second. Also tho reject ii n b . tho i Senate of Uoprosi Utativo linn, ley's reso- 1 lutiou providing for a travi itu ? commit- : i too to investigate the practical ? en.'ion? < of agricultural colleges in other States, i | the Senate had already pnssi .! .. bill the il provisions of which Iliatruel I tho bi -ard , i of agriculture to take Into cn lui con- i sidoration tho plans, speoiileai ons, cost, |i .Vc, of the erection ui an sericultural ' ] college, and did liol Bi i tho j i priety of : i passing this resolution, ap; eluting, in i addition to what it had airead; done, a i commit too to further invesiip, de, willi-1! out any limit a< to what thia investiga- ?il tion was to cost, Imlccd, so u as toe. t provisions of this resolution W.TC eon- i corned, thc committee thus appointed | could have travelled tho whole; t.ar until i tho next session and have expel, led many j thousamls of dollars. Third. Of ihe three complaints, the jjH dissatisfaction of Captain Tillman and his allies has been manifested most,* plainly, perhaps, towards the postpone- j 1 mont uv tho Sonato of the I ii t.> ivor- t guiii/.e tho dc})artmoul ol ii) i iculturo, the , t passage of which, says Dr. Tindal, would * moko tho "Farmors movement'' ono of t the departments of the Sta'.' Ciovern- t ment. h Shortly after the introduction of this H bill into tito House, and some limo be- ' fore it reached it.'M corni reading, as a planter and oboirman <n thc Semite com- ? inittee on ogrioulture ! iipproiu-hed Dr. ^ Tindal, the nut hoi-of the hill, to ascer tain what was sought to unaccomplished by it. When informed that Ihe object;" was to Inoroaso tho board of agriculture i inulto popularizo ii by bringing it closer D to the people, I proposed, if ho Would1: modify tho bill ?<> as to Increase tho j j board by the election at the then present session of tho Legislature of an addi-' tiomil member from oneil of the Hw un- . represented Congressional di-t lie's and tho election of live more at tho next j ^ sossiou, when tho terms of the present? board Would e xpire, and WC e -nhl net , r without auy disrospcol lo tl.e present board, I would iinfto with him to secure j" tho passage of tho bill; hut I poritivoiy j '.' declined, after what I considered reek-, leas and fallacious charges of extra va- j " ganoo and incompetency repeatedly pro- 5 Furred against tito pre-i nt hoard and i commissioner of agriculture, to support . any measuro looking to their curt and 1 unceremonious dismissal from olllco. I 11 further propos? il : i Di. Tindal, if it wi Uie real interest of tho farmers ho waa j11 seeking, to introduce a joint resolution instructing tho State treasurer to refund j j to tho department of agriculture nil : moneys arising from thc license tax, J1 which had laen expended for pa nerai State purposes, to be applied by the|l board of agriculture for the benefit of | c tho farmers, upon experimental stations. I soon becamo aware, however, that in stead of the advancement of tho real in terest of the farmers through th?'regular channels of legislation, the first and itu- JJ mediate object sought to he accomplish- ? ed by tho prime factors of this agitation waa, as Dr. Tindal has since so lucidly ?tuted in his interview with a reporter of tho Ifews and Courier, published on tho 21th ult.. to place tho board of agricul? J" turo at tho head of tho "Farmers' move ment," us it is called, to act in tho j capacity of a burea i toi tin organization of tito farmers, upon a plan SO thorough .. and complete ii? to conn;.i nce, like the ? organization of tho Democracy, with J club.. Imagine such an organization *, perfected. Tho department i i ngrionl turo converted Into a bur? nu of organiza tion with ita headquarters at Colombia, 1 maintained and supported by taxes Jj loviod by the General Assembly, Hanked and supported by county organizations kept intact, os Captain TUlman pro poses, by a small bonus from tho county treasury, and bused in turn upon tho organization of tho farmers Into ?dubs. "The entire fabric permeated," with thc 1 teachings of Captain Tillman, to the > effect that tho preaout Government ii [ not only extravagant, imbecile und Itt? j competent, clouding its short innings in . tho dye of tho cuttle .1 .h, but callous , and indifferent to tho interest and welfare j of tho furniert. Then, uot iu vain, , might tiloso self-saorificiiig apostlos who diselaim any dosiro for olllco, and pro fess to eschew polities, propose to spread < their nets und enter tho "political mill pond, und enter it deep ut that." What powerful ally of Mr. Tillman, who has boon coquetting in a jack-in-the-box-way with Ihis "political di hntunte," might uot bo elected to tho United States Sen ate? Wo do not wish to bo considered ?il nil pointed, ?i j assurances have been gratuitously given from certain quarters that liiere ls "no oomb?te." Wo know Mr. Tillman would not have an ottloe lu cause there is not "mindi love of self in him," mid ho has already "told tho de'il to get boll iud him." Nor would Dr. Tindal have au olllco, because he f ays ho "does not" menu to improve tho political condition of tao farmers. So when the oligarchy is defeated, tho ring brokon up aud tho Government purged ol its present incompetent, imbecile and extravagant oflleinlsand churned of their oultlo-llsh dye, tho oillces will huvo to !>?. Ulled by tho dupes who huvo beeu re cruited by assurances of "getting in on till homo streich." The dlBCiplcSOf this latter school extol the advantages of organization, apparently regardless of tho fuot that thoro aro now in existence two organizations o? tho agricultural in ion ?ts of tho Stuio, tho Agricultural and Mechanical Association and tho (innige. When the organization of tho latter was m process its morita WOro similarly mag nified, but thu echo has nearly died away, und the lesson hus bien taught that th(! material prosperity of the funn er depends far more upon individual en terprise, energy and thrift than upon organization. Wo are told that the object is to get us out of old ruts. Thi! I rouble is wo are already out of thu old ruts and into thc new ones of indolence, orcdit and ex travagance. Wo should bo rel guted to the old ruts where all classes relied on their own exertions and ?lid not expect tito L?gislature to providj for them when men were industrious and frugal, und paid their way as they went when wo had no homestead laws to debauch Hie financial integrity of our people, und no lien laws to beguile them into extrav agance, limitlessness and dependence. The fact is, tho Government, so fur from being mindful of the publia weal, in Imnscoudiug its proper sphoro b> assist >ur people, has, by a prece: s of wet nursing, undermined their self-reliance md dwarfed their spirit of muniioodaud Independence, Taught to roly upon liomestcnd exemptions and (ion laws, many of ?hem in their onorvated condi* ion now turn their eyes to Captain Till innn presumably with tho expectation of (nails and malina. Well may ho lom ark hut ho feels deeply the heuvy rcspousi lilil?es resting upon him, as a great nany have vugl i and unreasonable ideas >f something wonderful or great being iccomplishcd by his convention. Under ii:, leadership they have been taught to ?gard tlie maladministration o? govern neut us tho cause of their woes, and ?itlier through tho medium ot* expori m-ntal stations, a change ol boafds of m agrieuiiur.il oollogo, or a roorganizu ioii of thu Government, or ia .' (ene other uystcrious way, they are to be given lerumnetit relief ami gnat future beno ?ts, while Mr, Tillman and his crew ore ovparing for o refreshing bulli in the ilea ant water.} of tho political mill- 1 .(Old. To mo it appears but little less than criminal to dissatisfy and enorvato our icoplo by this continual gabble about heir poverty und the 'hopelessness of heir condition, instead of fostering a ?pirisof iudepoudenco by exhorting them o rely on their own exertions, to teach hem lo nt tributo tho unsatisfactory re mits of indolence, extravagance and ii nek of thrift to tho disregard and imho- ! .ilitv of tho Go vorn mont. Thoro never ins been in this country but one method , >f solving the problem how one was to ' jot Iiis polk and beans, and that is to j vork for thom* The. Legislature does lot feed merchants, lawyers or doctors, nd neither by experimental stations, re irguuizations of boards, nor agricultural o lieges will it any more feed the farm- j rs than Capt. Tillman and his crew can ift themselves over tho fenco by their loot-straps. In conclusion, I think 1 voice tho son* im. nt of tho intelligent and respectable armers of tho State when 1 say I have io sympathy with Atv. Tillman in the .induct of his movement, uer do his I: evolutions, promulgated and adopted by j ho April Convention, reflect my views, ; nd his reckless and disrespeetful charges ' gainst tho State Government seem moro ike the ravings of a fanatic than tho ' ittoranocs of n mun equipped to icadany hu s of our citizens. On behalf of the armors of tho State I feel warranted in aying that though we may be ?"fast sink et* to tho level of serfs, bowers of wood md drawers of water," we are not yet .repined to claim brotherhood w ith tho nboring classes of tho North. Taking io stock in Hie war of Ibo musses upon he classes, we cannot bo rallied by the inducers of our past Demooratio admin* Orations and the disciples of "Henry ieorge" to contend oguinst the ablest aud airest of our public servants and our .wu ( lovorumont. Kuli road Karnlngi. 'l ui: NRW YORK FINANCIAL OHIIOMCT.E ays that tho January earnings of nearly very Southern railroad are greater than heir losses, und that, in fact, the South in and Southwestern roads, taken os a /hole, record tho best resulta. Tho Ihroniele gives a comparative statement bowing tlie January earnings of hui l ading Southern and Southwestern com niiiies for six years. In January, 18*2, h i carn ogs of tho Riohmondand llan illo road w< i $280.028; in IH?;I, $260,? i7; in 1H' I $266,880; in lKH.r>, $820, 158; in 188(1, $278,672: in 1?87, $854, 160. Only two of tho ten roads ropro cnted in thc comparative statement fail o show for 1887 largor r^irns than for ny ol tho years given, while tho aggro ?ato earnings of tho ten roads for INM7 re over $1,000,000 greater than in 1880. "1 do not liko thee, Dr. Fell, Tlie reason why, I cannot tell." It has often been wondered at, thc bad .1,?. lula oft quoted doctor was In. 'Twas irobahly ticca USO ho, hoing one of the old chool do 'ors, mude up pills as largo ns adi?is, which nothing hut au ostrich could i i!t without nausea. Henee the dislike. lr. H. V. Pierce's "Pleasant Purgative 'dirts'' ure sugar coated and no larger than il rd shot, nnd are quick to do their work, .'or 'di dcrangamobUi of the liver, bowels ind stomach they ure specific. Why aro babies like new flannel? Do .au VJ t hey shrink from washing. LAUGHING AT M>( I. > li llis. An l?lO|IOUIOIl( From ll Ladles' Sem I IUI ry Thal Heals M I'll I ti ? 1 \ I iiiil. (Kromtlie Louisville t ) A quiet little wedding in Jefforsonyillo Inst night brought to nu ond ?1 romantic little love .'tory iiinl ii fru? 11 Iv feud of sevoral years' stttnding. Ten years ago .lohn S. Bullit, ot' Cleveland, ohio, re? moved lo a point near Now Market, Kentucky, und settled with his family on u ?ann. Shortly niter Id.i arrival there be got i t . I ? ? ll ?liq.ute with Hunter Well.--, u neighbor, over a small piece of .?round betweou their farms. This re sulted in n long law suit, und was tinnily Buttled in Bidlit's favor. Tho men wore not reconcile..I, howovcr, und became bitter enemies. For years tho members of tho two families spoke harshly of one auothor, and no opportunity was pasi I to do an injury to the other family. Mr. Bulbi al tho timo of his removal I to Kentucky hail a daughh r l elia, need si veli yt nra. As time pic sid she grow into u lovely young girl, und waa BOIlt to the convi nt of tho Notre Daine, m ar Cincinnati, to receive her education. I ?ct tuning home las1. Christmas for tho holidays moro lovely end perfect in feature and form than ever, she met Albeit Wells, the son of H?ntel Weds, a young merchant of St. Louis, win? was i also at homo ou n holiday visit. Tia two first met ut u dunce ut a farmer's house m ur Calvary Station, but found it both convenient and pleasant to m s t often niter this. They loved ono another and win ii they parted niter the h.,lid.'. s it Was with the agreement to correspond. Six or eight letters wero written, but while Wells received those from Miss bullit, Hie Sisbr Superior at thu convent discreetly kept tllOSO directed to her lovely charge. Film) I becoming desper- : ate, Wi lls mudo tho journey tu Cincin nati and visited the convent in company with Mr. W. Hunt, of that i lace, under the guise of Celia Hullit's biotin r. While tho young couple could not act as freely us their hearts dictated, owing to the presence of ?i teacher of thc school, they succeeded in making un appoint ment at Hunt's Hotel, which waa after wards kept. Here they agreed to many, und us she would not consent to be mar ried other than in the presi ncc of n rela tive, they came to this city and lele-, graphed George Bullit, a brother, lo meet thom here. Ho did so, and li nally the obj family enmity wns tallied down and tho three wont k> JolVorsouville, where I'.squire Kolgwin married them. 1 hey returned ?ind nie stopping ut the Arlington Hotel, where Mr. Hunter Wells ?md Mr. John bullit oro expected i this afternoon, thoy having telegraphed i their satisfaction ut the mun inge and i the hope that never nguiu would ill feel- < inga prevail between the two families. 1 (Jviiornl I.oe'-* Adtti-oa*. i General Stophon D, Leo, Hie popular aud successful President of thc Missis sippi Agricultural College, is U<> liiere llgiiro bead, but n live and progressive agricultural educator, ono who loses no opportunity to promo to ibo hebt inter nats of tho farmers of tho South. Be* h coutly, in addressing the. Mississippi State Orango, bo said: I, "I ostcoin myself complimented, in L hoing invited annually b> appear before tho State Grange and address d. This nooma appropriate, as tho order has been, and is still, tho hu gest organiza- | tion of farmers in Mississippi it ia also tho largest national Organization ot | (armors in the United States. Tho order in Mississippi, too, did moro to . have tho A. mid Al. College established, j than any othor influence. As curly as ls"."-, and yearly, afterwards, tho-, . memorialized the Logislaturo, and by . resolution, insisted oil the pussago of n . law organizing tho ("liege ns a soi >u ni to J md distinct institution from the I uiver- . rity at Oxford, so that tho spirit of tho F?deral law would bo obtainod. "Now, my friends, are you ready to Im bonotltted by the exporiouoo of otb- ,? jrs? Arc you ready lo [mt moro value m your hinds? Aro you ready to biko JOrOof TOUT capital in business, which is . .lu fortllty of your soil? ia there need ^ jf agricultural education? Vom- soil H iras once fertile. Von huve carelessly > ind by pursuing a wrong system im- J DO vi rished it. You huve worn it out, . ind now ready to deliver it to ymir oltil Iron poorer tuan you got it from your . 'athols. This is not right. Your club , Iren should rcooive their heritage lin- M inpaired, from you. You must bo odll inted in the now way <>f preserving tho fertility of your ?oil. If it ls too late " For you, your children must be i dttcati d ? ntl: HOW motbods. if they do not I ri OStOre fertility to these hinds, other. ;( ..an and will. The question is, will y< u I ^ irepare them, by education, to do this'.' lt is a plain proposition. It" tin y do fl mt or canuot, they will loso those binds. | I'hey will puss into tho hands of strati- , jora. "Tho facilities in Mississippi are nt m land to restore lhe.se hinds. limy aro j ill favorable Wo have plenty of good ^ and yet left on nearly every plantation. , Thc plan is to stop cultivating pom lund, [t will break all who attempt it. Ono fourth or one-third of our lund is still -nod. Cultivate only good lund; mu llir? it, work it better, follow intensive 'arming on 01U good hinds. Do away jvith one-half Ol two-thirds of our labor. Utilize the poor hinds us grazing hinds. S'attire will cover them ut once with {russ. It costs nothing for grass to {row. lt costs nothing for stock to cat .russ. Stock-raising is tho only practi? able wuy of Using U1080 hinds, getting i protlt out of them and allowing them it some time to recuperate, und have .heir fertility- restored. lt will break mybody who attempts to cultivate them. I'ho fertility that hus been lost must bo ttttotod before it will pay to crop them iguin." Tim Cont of Ignorance. Absence of knowledgo of tho fact that diysionl and nu ntul weakness, indiges i<rn, impute blood, and sick headache MU) be averted by Dr. Hurter's Iron Poole, costs millions of money annually 'or uucortain and anreliftblo decoction . The grund jury of Kowan county lins re tuned true hills ugulnsl Henry bogan Morgan McClury and Lon Haglicrn, clung ng thuin with the crime of confederating md banding themselves together for thc mrposo of killing .Itidgo A. B, Cole. Col. 6, T, Young and his son Allie W. Young, tow County Attorney of Wowan. Tin icltcmo to murder these men was delected |ust ir time to save their liv? .,. XA KINO STOCK. Huton Campbell un Hi? Importuno? ??f Accurate Account ?. (Prom tho I'htlauvlpl ta Times.) Ll is a pl i ruse familiar enough to tho bu lincss mun anti undorstoodina degree by thu feminine olumont in vin- commu nity who realize ono phase ut bust of its meuning anti ure awuro Unit bargains may bo regarded as its synonym. It is n Henson when every remnant anti tug luis its pince in tho gouornl account and is luii cd to do such duty ns may be in swelling the year's returns. Tho housekeeper, who also h.is lier ex periences with tugs und remnants, will by no means admit Und the same process hus nay application to her system. On tin contrary, in spite of cooking schools anti an always increasing llood of cookery hooks, journals und magazines, she clings to tho early convictions Unit ?.sli ck" is ono of tho popular delusions which must ho ronouuecd ii common sense is to gov? rn lifo, and that soup founded upon stock is au extravagance to be frowned down and generally dis countenanced. ..Take stock!" said a young house keeper tho other day, in my hearing. "Tnk stook! Why don't they say take a roe's Ogg Ol' take u quart of nightingales' tongues? One is as easy as tho other. Whero nm I to get stock, I should Uko to kiiuii , \ hen there arc only two of us mid wc only want a little moat once a day? And il i make soup that is good for an s dung il takes just as nu.ch meat us ball lt d i/.eii people. Stock isa snare and it ii In ion, .md nobody but a mil lion.o . caa a ?Void such extravagance." Now i tn marks of this order ure con stantly beard, in spite of tho long con tinued demonstration of tho tact, in books ala! out, Hitit stock is lite only solution of tho 'deft over" question so far as bom s niui bits of very tough meat aro Concern? d, ii seems wed to state again that while clear soups demand milch meat, vcrj good ones eau bo mude with very little, und quite us savory ones with uoitO ut nil. These lust may bide their time, deserving really some space by themselves, tho prcsout article giving limply Ibo pi itsibilitics, even '.sheri: very little tm at is used. Tho young housekeeper just men* tlotted had thrown into the bucket of remnants, almost us she spoke, the si inny cud of a portor-houso steak, ami tho bones of a chicken stowed tho pre vious day, tho remaining meat on which had been Utilized ill salad. KcKCllO Wils not practicable, olsodemonstra! i >n would llave been naide then and there that a [pitlVt of very good dock had 001110 to au untimely i nd ut her hands. Given BU jnrthen or granite saucepan closely ..oven d, n steady heat und slow boiling, hu rely moro than a simmer, and those rejected possibilities, pitt in tinco pints :>f enid water with lt teaspoonful of salt, would have yielded up every atom of ll ivor und strengt lt. Thc result, strained ind set away to cool, would liitvo given it small euko o? lui, every particle rising lo the surface and leaving a quart ot i'll ar broth lulos?, ready to take on any name desired. Thia alone would hardly ho s irv or \' ry non: idling, but adding rici', iou ?do, u little onion, and so on, tho combination indefinitely varied, il [tireen < f satisfactory and well flavored soup would have boon the outcome. One ol'tlie most savory and delicious situ] le -oups I ever ate hud us small ii beginning, und I give its lull history as ut illustration ol' wind the careful houso iccpor, who puts away all remnants In i uti ly, cnn easily secure. Tho soup .vus known us tho ,,savo-al!" soup, and it ?egan willi a quart of stock whoso origin vus in just materials ns tl loso rejected by he less experienced housekeeper, l unn he refrigerator appeared thc vegotab" .lato on which I s.isv u large spoonful of unshed potato, a little stewed turnip iud a remnant of squash. There was ilso a saucer of tomato and hali a baked tpple, ssith a slice of cold toast. "Not tho applo!" I said as ono thing olio wed n not her into Ute saucepan ; "you ain't mean to pul in Unit apple'.'" "(Inc of tile most perfect curries I vcr ate os\cd part of its perfection to wo tart apple minced line," t.iy friend aid calmly. "Wait nial you ss i 1 SCO, sow the thing wants oharactor. We will nineo a small onion and fry it brown in oinc of thc fat we took from tho stock, nd boro ure three green sta.ks from csterday's celery. " 1 was quito silent, for this was long lefore personal experience ha l taught |< ne what might be. TllO onion was fried bright brown, a saltspoonful of curry towder Wiis added and the "miss," ns it corned, si minored Blowly for un hour, ['here was deepest distrust in my mind | t s it cuino nt last tu table und I gazed ut bc plateful before tue. "it is a sortes of Incompatibilities," I ?lid, with un inward groan, ' but the nws of society prevent my throwing it Ult ol the window. 11?re goes then." ' 11 is delicious!" 1 added aloud, one Qomont Inter, und it was, Binco thi n thc friendly "Suvo all" hus lone duty ut I ast once a week. Try it, aitillcss housekeeper, but renumber luintiest cure is essential with nil rom* units, which must never bc kept too ung, ?md Unit only such cure renders nell methods possible. IO marl.illili' Corn. Among thc especially interesting mid ubstautially valuable exhibits in Un inc of fnrm products nt the lute ToXfM | itate Fair, waa a half bushel of oom leveloped and raised by .Mr. JclT Wcb n-rii, of Wolborn Bros., New boston, lowie county, Texas. Tho coi? is iiches in diam?tor, it4 length ten inches. Tu ro were forty rows of grunts on the ur ( ?uni wh it is most reniai kable) the ;roin is seven eighths of un inch long, ['hiscorn sholls one quart u> the cob. 'iie Wolborn Bros, gathered this (vory li v , year eight hundred hindu ls from en nou s, un uverugo of eighty bushels o the acre, and this with only l ight Thr ows t?> the row. This corn, which lu ios named "Jo? Wolborn'M Conscience," io states matures two weeks earlier than ho common white oom; it is also extra inn, but not Minty. Messrs. WelburnV urn attracted universal attention, and 11 o numerous were tito applicants for aj? ow grains that tho exhibitor was forced o withdraw it from exhibit. It was I wurde,1 both llrst and second premiums, ho first being ii splendid wagon (offered iv tho Keating .Machine and Implement Jompiuiy), Um second, twenty dollars forth of nursery stock,-Farm and fonoh. uYSTI;KIOI s MOI NTAlNlililt.S. Au lut crestingTheory us lu tho Origin tho M.iHliliiei-. (Y. K. Allison, in Routh tn Bivouac for February.) Rudo in speech, Qguro and hubit; barely lettered, though rarely entirely unlettered; oun liing, bold, dotorminod and reeklet?o? lit"?-? h<- is apart from tin mon of any of tho people who dwell ou' lilt* plaina on ( ?tin r sid.' ol Iii ; mountain range, aud hus ?1 code ol mauuers, ous huns and morals 11 is vt is uukllOWU to tito outer world. Tho origin o? tho moun taineers timi inhabit tho rangos from Virginia to Arkansas is a subject that might tempt thu euriosity ol a serious ; historian. Tho vestiges o? tho early, j population, ?un? o? som.: of tho singular , episodic inroads thal accompanied tho I steady flow of English colonization, nro ! still plainly perci ptiblo. From tho somi ducal plantations ol the King't favorites in Virginia aud tho Carolinas many ol I thoso unfortunate or orhuhuil wretches I who were transported from tho mother country to bo potud slaves iu tito Heids of heartless, sod mostly abs? otoo, nins tors, escaped into thc refuge ot* tho mountains, and, animateil by o d< spair ing hope of freedom, sought tho most inaccessible hidiug places. To tin osoapod eon viet, trembling undor the ro mombrauce ot' a master's lash, and will ing to doro any native danger to oscapo tho slavery ho had lied, tho approach of another refugee wus as full of terror us of comfort. Tho runaway felon could trust nobody; ?o-, perhaps, ho had a brand upon his forehead to ludo from ourious eyes, and wherever ho made his homo it was k? ?it remote from neighbor ship and made as uninviting as possible to adventurous or suspicious ey? s. There is little doubt that among tho llrst set tlors of tho mountains were Ha s.' Ihitis'.i convicta sold into slavery to tho Ameri can plantations, and condemned t>. a lifo ;1 of laborious- servitude, which they only escaped In such hardships us could tempt no freo man. Thc free pioneer and tho woodsman pushed on across th? mouutains or through the passes andi' olearcd for hims, li an umpire aud garden 11 in fertile Kentucky and Middle 'relines- '. SCO, or sought the .'utter air und cotton ? 1 lands of the Southern Slat? B. Tb? escaped convict was afraid to venture in : ' either direction, les! he should rush into;1 the hands of a former master or over-| 1 Meer, who would identify and fe-OIlsluvo J him. So, with thal last instinct for per sonal freedom thal has always possessed tho Caucasian race it. every land, he clung to the n mutnius of Ids refuge, 1 secure in his solitude and getting his peaeo in the impregnability of lis re- lt trent. It was perhaps an inherited in '. stinct, therefore, that made the motin- t taineers hate negro slavery tis bitterly us1 | tho most determined Abolitionists of tho ' :? North, and which led them by force of t fato to join the Uniou annies wheu tho t civil war came . >:?. Th.- mouiitnin re ', 1 gions not only furnished the Northern! I armies thousands of soldiers, hu! also li maintained warm sympathy tor the it Causo in the n ar alni ir..nt of' tho Union j * lines, and it is not singular, perhaps, 11 thal tiny have eon tin nod in syihpatlty j i w ith the lleptiblican party as instiuctivi ly OS the emancipated negro. Tho Dil col dix lilli. The Senat-. has passed, and Hi. ilottso has roferred t<> a committee, a loll with regard to the direct tax levied duriiig the war. On the ?lh of August, lyi!l, a ; a war measure, a tax of $20,OOO,(HUI was levied I 1 mi all tlie Slates, North aud South alo: . I lt was proposed thal il uti y Hutt should pay its share, I? per cent, discount would ! | he allowed. Several (d' them took ad-M vantage of tho provision. As tho law | y stands, whenever any mom y i.; due toa State which has not paid this lax, it i-, placed to Hie credit of tile State. The viral Comptroller is bouud to do this, hut the law has given rise to controver sies. To prevent this, the hill is before N1 Lkmgress. The following statement of tho direct 1' tax accounts is oflicial, hut only relates Lo Virginia, North Carolina and Wost Virginia, and the sum totals: The amount imposed on Virginia was $820,021,02, <>? which $515,51)0.72 was collected, leaving i balauco due of $2111,501,30. ny an Act passed February 25, Lsi?T, Hie Secretary )i the Treasury was authorized t<> trans? [or 8208,'179.0.) of the amotinl originally inposed on Virginia to West \'irgillia, ?n w hich there has been collected $181, 100.03. Upon North Carolina tho assess ment was $570,108.07, of which $380, 104.15 was collected, leaving a balance lue of $100,000.22. Tho aggregate of he report to ail the States is o\er $1 1, 11)0,000. The States that have paid and are ired i ted with 15 per cent, discount are laid just what they paid in taXOH. The States that arc still due the government iro released from payment, ii.ii, roache*. "I bog to forward you an easy, dean md certain method of eradicating those loathsome insects from dwelling holmes. \ few years ugo my honan WOS ind ste.I frith cockroaches, or 'clocks,' ns they aro .ailed here, ami I wa.s recommended to try cucumber peeling as a remedy, I icoordingly Immediately hoforo bedtime, dre wed the floor of those parts of the iiousc most infested with the vermin with tho green pool, cut not very thin From the cucumber, und sat up half an Hour Inter than usual to watch the elle: t. "Before the expiration of that timi! he Moor where the peel lay wa? Com pletely covered with cockroaches, so noch so that the vegetable could not be <ecn, HO voraciously were Ikey engaged ii sucking the poisonous moisture from t. I adopted the same plan the follow ng night, hut my visitors were not DC0T io numerous- 1 should think not more hau ii fourth of thu previous night. "On tho third uight I did not dis tover one; but, aux iou. to ascertain whether tho house was finite elem- ol hem, I examined tho peel after 1 hud aid it down about half an hour, ami jorceived that it waa covered with nyrinds of minot*! cockroaches about ibo hi/.e of a ilea. I therefore allowed he peel to remain until morning, ami 'rom that i . unent 1 havn not scon a joekroaoh in tho house, it is a very uld building, and I can asauro you that tho ibovo romody only requires to be per levered in thrto or font night? to com pletoly eradicate tlie pest, ot courue, it di./tild bo frosh oucumbor pool ovory night." \ COTTON ( IIOI'I'DU, ritt- womil i iui Agricultural Involition of a Canill?n Moclimilva ( li rrotpondenoo of tho Nu*< und Courier.? OAMDKN, February IO.-Mr. J. B. Amnions lins ma io a cotton choppor, which promises to bo a bUCCi ss, and now, with tho "Aramous's Chopper" and Mason's picker and gin, tito farmers eau expoof t<> mako nun?; ont of their cotton ciop. Mr. Amnions, a wheelwright anti carpenter liv trade, was raised in Marion, lmt for the I isl'two years has lived in (?miden. Ile nus 1.u studying lipids machino for olovou years, and three years ago nun Ie a model, which ho hits worked .successfully in the field every season since. Ho reached what he thought perfection last winter, His machine is built very muon Uko a sulky plough, with adjustable hoes that will leave auy stand ol cotton that may bo desired, and with one man and norse can chop from twouty-fivo to thirty acres lt day, l here is a tittle scoop plough attached in such a way as to not ns a guido to tho horse always on tho next row, the horse being made to walk in this shallow furrow goiug across the cot ton iuds. In trying tho chopper tho usual way is lo leave one and two stalks of cotton to tito hill. The only objec tion that has been raised is that t leaves a tint ol'grass around the cotton, and this objection hus been done away with by what Mr. Animons calls two dirters, which piles tho dirt against tho cotton behind the chopping hoes, and bins also ?..(cps tho wind from damaging the stand. Mr. Ai.niions has sold several county rights and over two hundred and Hf ty machines al .>io i nch, ull in throe I months, 'ibo Machine has boon thor- ; Ollghly tested in Ibchlulid, Kershaw, ! Chcst?rlleld, .Marlboro and Marion counties, aud it received tho tlrstdiploma itt tho last UtittO Fair. The machine' weighs about Ifni pounds, and tracks with standard wagon track. A patent was applied for on November 80, 1880, serial IIuutbor 210,785, A few in .chines tro bobin. ; mile, but no attempt will bo [undo to bli tho demand for them until in tim?- for tho seusoti of 1888. Hy that ?imo tho pl.ins for manufacture on a argo scale will bo oom plot ed and a largo lumber of maehii.es mudo. Flattering lifers have bet ti received for buy tug the i-ht tor thu Stab s ol Louisiana and Tex;... c?tiso s c. onK, I (t'o?TOstOll 'Oi.CO Of til N.l C.,. Ly: : ) it has i?, n said that every truo mothor toes lier own boy in Ula fuco ol' every ?thor boy, lita! the niothcr-hcurt yearns or thc welfare >>i till. From tins prince ?le it. is easy to comprehend why this ?date organization feels un intercut in all he b.c.- .>! the Mate, and desir s that hat they arrive itt a true un i noble mail mod. huir sister, uid jour mother letirt ever take in tho thought that tho iinji >iity of prisoners aro under twenty Mi y. ?irs ?>! agc, tllttt one-third aro lill ie r sixiei ii, inure boys who .teed a not ber's U nder care .' Possibly the uothci* is only ono in n name, or sho nay i h i p under tho oloils of tho valley. !o,>s, mere children, not moro than .ight years of ago, have been sentenced o thu pellib lltiiiry in our own State this .car. What a future is before such ?hut in with older criminals, instead of it icing improved hythe punishment they J ie turn d out muutie nf forwards trained .til.duals who delight in vicious habits, gain and again to go behind prison bars inti! tinnily si une dreadful deed demands he lifo h' pay tho penalty. lt makes ..tic's heurt blood to think ol' he children who are trained as eriuiinals ty long waiting in jail with older experts rho arc anxious for a pupil to wi..un to inpart their \il" abundance. Hom.- steps light to be taken to remedy this propa* at ion of criminal lives. Thc Stau? has , right to protect itself. lt would be coitoiny to lill these idle inonu nts in nil with labor. Nothing so tortures a liibl as to have nothing to do. Hard dior is far more desirable. An 1 chil lrc-ii iu penitentialies should not miss ll the years for mental discipline. They have boon hilo, prod?gate, but low in the hands of tho Stat?' they houhl bc turned out improved, lt is tot our duty UH un assembly of Ch Hst inn ronicn to present to thc Legislature tho ?ropriety of making provisions for a ?tate Keform School under tho caro of ( 'hr ist ian superintendent and matron, nd godly teachers, where those coll ided of crime under seventeen years of go, shall be placed to bo reformed, ducat ed and established in tho right .ny! lt should be n manna! labor ediool, located upon a farm with such pplianccs as are necessary to teach rades. Vagrancy itself should bc a illlteient offence to SOlld ii boy t ? this oino. Wo neeil more of tho Jowisll lea of industry forming a part of the tisis ot morality in training children, hieb is c/.pressed ill their proverb, "Ho lint toucheth not his boy a trade docs io same ns if lie taught him to steal." Uten these young criminals arc tho hildren of drunkards who have inher ed evil tendencies. Often tho ci imo is 10 direct result ol* drink itself. A few years of this reformatory Life, hilt; thc character is laing form od, will i rn out to tho State ninny a steady, ihicatod citizen, who, if his boyhood ml been spout in a state penitentiary, mild have booti, by repeated offence, a ir grouter expense to tho country, be ido the sorrow lie may have cans. d. This phin cf i i ti ?j1, criminal boys is otli politic and human, uot to say luistian. Many a boy just us guilty, nd moro so, than thoso in the penitott* my, cont iuiu s at home nial becomes so 11 pro ved and established by the home nilli noes us io become n popular and sefuI num. Home, om- of three bright - st stars in every boy's inner sky, is tin rent moral factor tn determining his Iter life. Wo agree tllttt tho homo in UOUCO cannot with economy U? thc tate bo dispensed wdh, even tor crimi id children, and that it should bo sup lied in tho Reform Homo. M \itv O, Woom. Ladles who would faint If accused of Ufering do liol hesitate lo roi? their neigh .rs ot cooks and nurses. Ludios who ould ho mortally offended If charged with Hilliness or envy, COVOt the good set -vants lat their friends enjoy, and adopt no end f tricky und mean ways to secure them for if inselvcH. livcrythhig is fair lu love and ar und in housekeeping ls tho motto of muy a durne who pushes for a model in eportiucnt and tho l>ost of wives and tethers. -Jew?th Memnyer, KITZ LEK'S LITTLE JOKE. ii<?\% ll? Captured a Voukee oniccr'a Valise. (St. LOUIH (il .be-Dumocrat.) In 1861 Fit/.hugh Leo, now Qovernor of Virginia, was commanding tho Con federate outpost in Fairfax county as Colono! o? cavalry. Colonel Tannant, who wits an intimate friend and class I mata ot' Loo'a ut Went Point, wa.s in [ command of tho Union cavalry outpost j near Alexandria. Out- day Tonnant re ceived orders to advance and fool tho Confederate position in front. A bat talion ol mon, made np from tho deport nicnt.s and the city of Washington, called the President'* Body Guard, was assign ed him to nalke the advaurc. Ho ?<aid to a friend before leaving: "I want soldier.1; witli me on < (fi ?X peditiou. 1 know Fitz Lee, 1 hov * pt with him, and whenever we como b ?? ?li er somebody will hove to do some good lighting or fast running. I know Fitz will fight. If J had soldiers and not those dress-parade fellows, 1 would bo delighted to give my friend a brush, just, to let liiiu see how nicely we can whip him buck into the Union." In the meantime his wife hud packed bis valise with clean linen and a bottlo ol'old Hennessey brandy, When every thing was ready Colonel Tannant took up tho line of marok along tho Fairfax and Alexandria turnpike, in tho direc tion of Fairfax Court House. After tho command hud advanced a few miles and Como to a halt to rest, tho Colonel ad dresscd his men in tho following words: "Attention! battalion: I am now speaking to you as soldiers who have en listed to d?tend ymir country, ami as follow oitizons. I want ?'very man to do bis duty in tho timo of battle as a soldier should. If there are any of yon who aro not willing to do this, step tlu-ee paces to tho front." Not n mun moved. They stood bke a wall of granite. This gave the Colonel much encouragement. "Now, my soldiers," said bc, "with this determination on your part, we will continue our mb anee and drive tho enemy buck, or capturo the entiro force." W ithin a tow miles ol' the court-house they encountered tho Confederate pick ts, and succeeded in driving them back. This gave tho command new courage. )n they pushed. Hut, idas! Hoon Turnor Ashby, with Ins Hluck Horse Ja valry, oamo charging on their Hank, while Fitz Leo pressed them iu front. L'ho OUgagement begun to get interesting, ivheti suddenly Pelham's Horse Artillery i dimborcd on tho loft Hank, and began o pout a galling lire into Tanuant's unks. Ho rode to tho trout, leading he charge against Fitz Leo on the other lido. Tile men seeing tlie situation be ?atno demoralized and retreated in con ttsion, tailing buck to Alexandria, Tho Union torces lost a tow killed and some prisoners. Colonel Tanuant's headquar ters ambulance was captured, with his rut ions and baggage. A few days alter the light a dilapidated team drove up to his headquarters with iho letters "C. S. A." branded on tho ikoloton nudes, and iu dim white letters m the sido of the topless ambulance also ippeared "0. S. A.," and the drivers, astead of wearing tue blue hud on a suit if gray. The driver entered Colonel L'onnnnt's tout with a military salute, leafing in Ins hand tho Colonel's valise. "Where did you come from?" de unndod tho Colonel. "1 came from Colonel Fitz Lee's head [nortel's," Wlls tho reply. "He swapped canis and clothes with 1110 and told mo could come back and bring your valise, iud here it is, Colonel." "All right, my man," said tho Colonel. 'Oo to your quarters and change your iniforni, and ropo rt for duty." Colonel Tannant took tho valise over 0 llifl wile's room and opened it. Tho .i i tents of tho valise were a note which an in the following words: "Outpost Confedorato Army, Virginia. My Dear Taut: 1 have opened your alise, appropriated your 1 lied shirts for change, and also your bottle of old [oiinossey for a bad cold. I traded .mbulaiices and teams also. When you onie out again bring more commissary nd quartermaster stores. FITZ." Colonel Tannant kept tho note until he close of the war, tolling no oue about L but his faithful und loving wife. Tannant has been living in Tennesseo ince tho war. Hecontly he and Leo net and a bottle ol' old, Hennessey was liseusscd. Japan Clover Culture. I would like to know something about he clover which is springing up ?doug ho rood sides und old Heids hero 'Lispedoztt St reata," or "Japan clover," s it occurs to me that it deserves some onsidoration and attention. A largo >or cent, ol' our lands by constant culti ation in cotton and (Min, have grown o thin and poor that thc crop raised on hom is no longer profitable. Fouoiug JO much run down, and rei pi ires too inch machinery and tools for whoat, so bout tho only thing loft, is to try and top the gullies ami washes, make, post res, and about tho only thing J soe ourishing is this ".Japan clover." I ave seeu no lund yet too poor, too dry t too wet for it to grow on. Cattle aro cry fond of it, aud get cpiiU; fat from t iling on it. It is reported that this lover seeds on top; if that be tho caso, um not surprised it weeds out ovory liing, for an investigation shows me that has seed on tho root, forming about nO-half inch below tho BUTf000 of tho round. Therefore, when the dry e it ncr kills the sUdk, oue dozen now prouts put up after the lirst rain. I ish, however, to kuuw something moro f its history, aud when and how to sow, nd hence this communication. j. it. Huntsville, Alabama. Chaplet <>r AceMeats, W hile Alex, hove-son of Mr. lt. A. love-and o young Mr. Gibson wcro out ..lining yesterday. Alex's gu? waa accl ontally aiaonarged, pouring thc outiro load f shot Into Hie hack part of Mr. Gibson's (sud. causing a very serious wound. Je N Clifton, so? of Kev. .J. A. Clifton, f Spartan burg, during a stay of a fow ours herc yesterday, foll from a polo on rhloh ho was practicing gymnastics and md Ids nrm dislocated at tho elbow. jf. -imlay, a small colored l?oy on Mr. . Mci). Hood's place fell across a stick of i n.xl which a larger l>oy was chopping, nd had ono of his bands cut off,-OnmSr (?porter.