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AGRICUL PROTECTION AND IMPROVE BY J. S. NK Tt has been estimated that, eighty ' jzi P'^r cent, of the injury to the eu!-! w tivated soils of the cotton States hi as the effects of til!s^;?, is attrib- b ?)table to surface washing. c( That tin* reduction in produc- u tr-n capacity is nof due t > the removal of p!r.nf food in crops taken 1 hi fro:.: t'.o laud. rh iwn by the' !':et fb?.t ur.ti1 the > nf of tbe!tl - ? K pounds of lint cotton por aero, f, And we find that tliis crop removes g, J 75-100 pounds of nitrogen, phosphorie acid, potash, lime and n maguesia from the soil of the 0| acre uponwhichit is grown, while ? an average crop of ten bushels of wheat per acre, the straw and 1( chaff being returned to the field 1j or fed to the stock on the farm, c< removes .02 36-100 pounds of the ? same elements of plant food, and gi yet the cotton fiol'4. .re being ex- p hausted of their f r'ility, while c< the wheat fields are improving, o I' is plain, therefore, that the de- o airuction of the fertility of nont.h- tl rn noils cannot bo attributed to it the removal of plant food in the d staple crop Hold from tho farm. o CLEAN CULTURE A*I> HILLSIDE ? I DITCHES . .ir?? responsible for tho present y waited condition of the soil* of j h tb cotton State*. Clean culture,'?: by leaving tho land exposed to' v? a hingaiid leaching during th ft faM and winter month , hseim-'o poveri du d net only tho lull sec- ?< t' ri: , hut the sandy, level land t.l ' I V * . I I . . 1 i .' > %vrii. in mit'rn lai'.nnieJ, <> vr\ Mr* surface :'viI ero 7.0* ir tli" f M -v; ! remain- fr<>z n {* r w fr fn* * ? }.!' 1 - >, y it; i'-.-n is arretted, nd 11 ' ^f TI ' M Jenefii* ^ can fa!- <>. 1 . 1 place. In our climate ciecompo I n -iti'u. ?* >:.riwith inter- ii< ruption, through the winter. Thejh ps - , V <v ? . f r 1 T, r f } ' * \ t ' | * ?r !nf' 11 o,.n the soil, decomposes t! during the -.v; titer, end the plant it t > ;d 11. .4 l*.*SI 11I rt i 11 > t? 1 ;' .t g 11, no ef>v -iri-nf vegetation on th' tf -iii i 'ii > >1! i iitj n'c-'ini' r'>ois in ni tho sr'l to arrest t')<? product" of n< the dr'Cor'poTiti'"n) " ' ifhor car f ried ' r>' iu *! ? rt'rfcwater r pi leached through the soil beyond in the rea'Ii i f the roots of tho spring T1 cropr if grain of vime kind .,.a"l'tl flown in tho f?!l upon all fields hi which had been subjected to oloan of culture during tho current year,! w not. only would the surface cover-' cc in? prevent the waste by washing,' th but tho roots filling tho soil would di take up and conservo the plant w food hoconiing available during th the winter, for the use of the crops to bo planted in the spring su following. In tho grain and grans bo .'otton i>;i :r.i!j '>'< . *: "?<? only proiiii: t rormvt:'.) from thojej far . The entire cotton stalk "n-| F1 J t;-, -torn- and J c< burs were left m the field, and d* . : 1 - ore r. I1/ r.'tnrn- fi ' \ N ' ' 7V 0 " % T f' 1 ^ v ;'. ',o * . i . . A. her t. w: o < >n- ?; :'i?n>o?! upon ?! . fan;-, ?;>> that v. :? < -i cotto - farm *he v.* 'in; o-.i'ton ..?? the only product ?! ; 'iiiuv. i1.. N'-.i ithf '.'iding tko?e! ?f the farrni lands; of the on- h 'ire Soul!-, have rapidly dotorio-' r< ited in productive* capacity, and' c< :n manj* sections arc still under- n going the destructive process, in In the face of the fact that many ol millions of dollar* arc annually jt expended for commercial fertil- h irers. Assuming on average produc-jH tion of one hundred and fiftv JURAL :mentof worn soils. WMAN. rowing sections the soil is never ithout some covering vegetation, nd consequently there is leps liaility to waste (even if climatic audition* wero the same), than nder our system of husbandry. More than half century ago too ind owners of the cotton States ?alized tlie rapidity with which ieir soil-: wero being wasted, and ?cogn:^ed the nio?t conspicuous ins" in surface washing. Mr. [ ?rdTriek, a planter in Hancock )uuty, (le-rgio, is said to have evi-od Cii.i put into pra-tic'- ' < r*t system <<f what ha- been - > kn nvr? hillside dit. * ioc, c?;*-t^csed preventive of the ? * >ful surface washing. " hi"h Mlv cnrrying the sml fr m jo hill.' uito the valleys and leanis. This system was gonerIIv adopted by planters owning filing lands in all of the older jtton Sfates, and some are even ow using this most. efficient lethod of hastening tlio transfer f the soil of the hills to the ad?eent swamps and streams. The istory of HILLSIDE DITCHES t written in unmistakable lanuage in the gullied hillsides om the Atlantic to the Missisppi?in the barren, currogated jrfacas, red with the blushes of lother earth at the rude exposure f her Losoui, and the prodigal aste of her resources. The theory of the hillside ditch >oked to the protection of the ind from surfaco washing by Dllecting the descending water t intervals, and conducting by entle grade to the crooks. They roved in practice, howover, a deaption and a snare. They not uly did not prevent the removal f the etirfaoe soil, the humus and in soluble plant food,but /tautened even while the banks of the itches remained intact, and all bstrnctions were regularly roloved. Under the tenant system,which as prevailed for the last thirty ears, these neglected ditches avo become the inoet efTectivo ngines of destruction. The neglected ditch has con*rrod 0:10 blessing upon the l.mdwncrs ??f the cotton State*,which oiupensat.es 111 some degree for ie -in? 't haw committed An bservant farmer, in Chambers >u!.fj Alabama, 11 dice ! that here 'he old ditches had little r no falhthoy had filled with tho >il washed fr ?m above,??: ! '< -n 1 against the lower bank ; ' r ice. A ting upon this bug*. 01 > laid oil In- entire farm with nriz >n( 'l 'ines, giving t p -rpen icu!:- r f- !' ( f three r > ' b?tvee > i<>'n, "11 I plowing t he -urf ice in nitatiot! of the agencies which id converted the ditch into the Trace, and such ?ui' ? ??? ? cr- 1 1 is oxp-rim* nt that terracing i-? [>w adopted hh the most, and in iff the only reliable moans of re venting injurious surface wash ig upon cultivated hill sides, he theory of tho ditch is to collect 10 water which falls upon tho lis and carry it ofT. The theory ' tho terraco is to prevent the ?iern irom collecting, and to mrc it to sink into tho soil of ie hill, whore it is needed. Tho toh carries oil' tho water, and ith it tho Holuble food, leaving ie foil dry and hungry. The terrace caneon tho water of iimner showers to ?oak into tho il, carrying * jth it its burden of Cotton, like every other crop, needs nourishment. A fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and not less than 3% of actual ft I . will increase the crop and improve the land. Oi't hooks tcil all a' out Iho . ihjut Th?y ar?- free t.> .any rarnn-r. GERMAN KALI WORKS, jj . t., Nc ? Vo.k. 1 hsM<-? p1 1 ' !' > ! tving tho ^ sail mouil a id ?< </'. Mtvh -?erioij-. orror o\isttf Tucnu'it P '* r:u?or of Fictorn ' fro :ia * * Sr."*!i rl", 'inn ?i? to {lie mani; r cf nixsTiin riMj rKhHACKS. Water i* powerless for harm until it collects into livulets ami I thus acquires momentum sufiiI cient to movo Roil in its downj ward llow. TJie true theory of the terrace is: ((/) To prevent tho water I precipitated as rain from collecting, but to keep it spread out in a sheet, and thus retard its downward llow Kuliicieutly to allow it to bo absorbed by the soil, (b) By using tho hill side plow ami moving the soil gradually from tho upper towards the lower part of the interspace and thus changing iho slopo of tho hill into a series of level plateaus, from which the rain water will not llow hut oak into the soil. The terrace lines should be ao eurately laid off on an exact level arouud the hill, marking them with stakes to guide the plowman in runuing the lirat furrow in breaking the interspaces. Any instrument with which a level line jcun bo run will answor. There are j many simple and cheap farm Imt| eli made for this purpose. Very good ones can be bought for lira I dollars. After the lull has boon marked I oil in horizontal hues, having I three feet purpondioular fail bev wo en them, use a hillside plow, j or swivel plow, to aid in leveling I the interspaces. Leave the terrace line unbroken. Run the lirst furrow above the terrace line throwing the plow slice upon the i ... 1 -,.1..... K...X ... U .1. .1 ?_i.. j V4 44 tJk KJi\Xl IJ lillU 1 tl V> lli\;u IUH Hill HUM I were placed. Continue turning I each furrow down the hill until tin* next terrace lino i* reached. Attain leave tin* terrace lino utibroken and plow tin? interspace as beiore. It 111v? plow turns the Oii hi*. mooes it.n'j, <?hm terrace iir.e v.*ill t- rai "d six inches .il.ovti an i lowered nix tnches at its ii.i i', tnu- h aying it ono loot h:uh atte; ii.i'. first plowing. I'sing tii?* hiilsido plow every time tile land is broken, the interspaces vviii finally become level and the , teudeucy id' the rain water to llow down the hill practically over come. The wrnor has had thirteen years of experiment and practice hi protecting land from surface I waniiiiiit by terraces, uinl m every I instance results have boeu satiaj factory. lin.LSIDP IlANKH. Some farmers mistake hanks thrown up around fho hills with ' plow and shovel for terraces. Those hanks are not only more expensive than torroftcos, but prove very destructive under unusually heavy rainfall. These hanks collect the water into ft series of ponds arranged in tiers, one above another on the side of the hill. If the uppermost bank break* and empties its water into the next pond below,mid this is emptied into the next, and so on down the hill, a destructive I torrent is created, which loaves ruin in its wake. If land lying above a hill to be terraced is owned by another who will not torrace, it is necessary to protect the terraces from the water already collected above b\ a hillside ditch. Having lomovtd the most do' struotive agency i;; the inipover 111 U i O.. t l/> tilO Swl!,t?iC- IllOs' l tic;.bio Lucanj of KKSTOHIXU KKHT1I ITV wiM now bo ennsidere-i. 'f !f>ft ! herself nt turo will in her own wat reassert herself and bj means ,,r spontaneous ??r w'h ' t> soiln * \>y} ^ % r t *1 f * * f"0' 'it*? t h O T7) to pf f* f i J-\l o ri ~r> a ' I ; ?ho olf! tl \A pi MO V' o ' blessing as j. soil renovator, con cuming in i4i growth but a 'trail ! percentage of the clem >n*j, it ' is ccpnhlo of making 'uxuricnt growth upon Moils too much re duced in their contents of mineral ! plant food to grow hardwood trees. This pine sends its tap root, deeply in the subsoil nd there organizes plant food from the depthr beyond tho-reach of cultivated plants and stores it, rot in itr wood, but in itm leaves and burs, which, in its annual cycle,it deposits upon tho surface of the soil, thus mulching and enriching il. Nature's methods are, however, too slow for the spirit of the nineteenth century. Wo cannot wait twenty or thirty yoarR for nature to heal the wounds which we have inflicted. More eape ditious methods are at our command by which wo ca* hasten nature's processes and accomplish, by using leguminous plants, in a few years, what tho pine does in thirty. By sowing peas upon the land now terraced, starting them off with a small application of nitrogen and re-enforcing the mineral plant food of tho soil with potash and phosphoric acid to enable the , peas to entertain as guests the nitrogen-collecting microbes, wo are able to organize into one crop , of poos, grown upon an acre, as | mucn nitrogen as thirteen tons oi I stable manure would supply, or I more than throe-fourths of a ton ' of cotton soed meal will furnish. The peas, like the pine, send . | their tap roots deeply into the subsoil, organizing plant food from its depths, admitting .? circulation of air into its root channels, allowing the descent f rain water during wet as nc and encouraging the rising of c pillary moisture during period - of drouth. I'lie organized plant food in its roots, stems and leaves is promptly given up, as tiles * l.avy, for the nourishment of other crops which succeed them. Tin- peas grow drri. g the season of n<e?r active Tiitrificj tion, in June, duly, August and September, and prepare the way for a second nitrogen-collector, erim ' son clover, which building upon ' the improvement wrought by the ' crop of peas, continues tho work | r?f renovation through the winter, ' into tho curly spring, '.hus proj venting any wasto of tho results j of decomposition of the pea vinos, ' hut using these to colloct udditional stores'for the benefit of a 'fitnplo or food crop for tho next J season. These leguminous plants not only collect nitrogen by the ! aid of micro organisms, which at! tach themselves to their roots, | bnt they practically subsoil the Tutt's Pills Cure All Liver Ills. ^ Perfect Health. Kern the system in perfect order by the occasioned use of Tutt's Id er F'lls. They regulate th : bawels and produce A Vigorous Body. * For sick headache, malaria, biliousness, constipation and kini dr^^d d * s* "* an absolute cure 1 TJJTT'5 P?LLS land upon which they grow by tlioi r ii . I'*.' penetrating tap roots* ti knin'o r\r>n; osvkv ennrs. 'i 1 : ' ; reconnnon 1 turning | u id r gr n crops when they have I t< ?< Ik h maximum growth. ,'Iiii.- i siin:.;i teaellinj; for co'd I chi. t?\x, I.-.it if m uoiss of greeu . ..,( 0.0 .1 is turned in during >'j? ..arm Minnver- tit- femienta, lio:j i< '-o rapid that acid coinI pounds ;ir,? formed which are p,:i ion us to growing crop:*. Remits of experiments etnphasi/o the correctness of this slate- m| mcnt. Results upon sandy upland, upon river bottom and upon : strong clay, analyzing ?? per cont. ! to Q per cont. lime, all point to ' the propriety of leaving the vines upon the land until fall or winter. ^ jUnle > crop follows immediately aft??r tut nine in the fall, they had better remain until winJ tor or until preparation' for the next crop i? begun. If turned in the early fall much nitrogen is lost he-fore spring crops are planted. Tho uniform indications of the resultR of experiment are as follows ; Tho effects upon succeeding crops were invariably best whore the vines wero allowed to remain upon the surface until winter, or until preparation for the next crop commenced. Rotter results wero obtained where the vines wore out and oured for hay than where they wero turned under green. Tho platR upon which the vin??Q Tfnr? fnrnrwt rrronn i r. An gust gave no increase over those upon which no peas wore 'own. In no cane, however, did the value of the increase in the next crop, duo to leaving the vinos upon the surface, exceed that * | where the vines were cut to an amount equal to tho vain* of the ' hay. It;.* a judicious rotation of crops, alternating nitrogen-collectors and vitro- m consumer- and clean crops with those which supply humus, rapid improvement in i i.aii. a... : 1 ?-- - '<M ii uiu iii-i iiuuiuin uuuiuiiun 1 and the chemical content* of soil* may ho wrought, < trowing r -novating crops affords the ?-.\iy ulJu iitv.iiiA ol i.. j manuring **i? a largo <cale in a country i ? which a?? few < tuck are J kept ".?? in the cotton holt. In ; our I'lnnatc wo can grow two rrtiovating crops?peaa and crnn' on elwvcr in one year. Ii' peaa ! are plunt'd in the whole corn 1 -..-d follow ?m?l' grain, re noI vation will he hoth certain and | rapid. Deafness Cannot he Cured 'iv ! . rvpnlientli.'. m they cannot roach ti.e clib' i-i i | rljon ol ih" t ur. There In only oue way i 1 ifii '*i, and that Is hy ronelttu- X tional remedies. Deafness l? fanned hy an Inllanjf 1 i million of thf mucous lining of the Eustachian 'l ube. When this tube ?reis inflate e'l you have a rumbllne sound or Imperfect hearing, ami wliun it In entirely cloned deafness Ih the result and unless the Inflammation ear. b? inki n out ami this tubn restored k? it* nor tnal c Tillttoft, Iw :;rlnn will >" destroyed for ivi r. nine i Mot out of tun urn caused r?jr i"?ftrrh, which is nothing but an Inflamed condl* Hon of the mucous surface*. lVr I''ll >*iv<T One Hundred Dollars for any k cum' of In afni HN (caused t>y catarrh) thai ran m not be cure ! by Hall's Catarrh Cure send for Sf circulars, free C J CIIF.NKY A CO., Toledo, O Sold by UruKKisis. 71c Hall's Family fills are ?he beat