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* "'' .=.TION . W * C -U ' 2.. _ _ _ _ _--_.-.m.._ _ _ T-WELYEDITION. WINNSBORO, S. 0.. JULY 2, 1881. ESTABLISHED 1865. THREADING IEEDLEO,. Hdro, daughter, thread my needlo, My sight is growing poor i The silken thread has missed the eye. A dozen times or more. 1 mind when first my mother The same thing said to me, Sad as I felt you must not fool Because I cannot see ; For I remember, years gone by, Just so grandmother said, Now mother's sight was.failing her And grandmother was dead. So one by one we all grow old, And each in turn must ask The younger, brighter, better eyes To help us see our task, Ah I well. dear child, 'tie good to know That somewhere, by and by, A strong new sight shall be restored To every failing eye. I like to think, as earth grows dim, Of where I then sball be ; Eye hath not seen the wondrous things The Lord hath promised me. Give me the threaled needle now, While your young eyes are kind, And I have such a joyful hope I'm sure I need not mind, Though my sight fails as mother's failed, And grandmother's before, And though I miss the noodle's eye A dozen times or more An Opal Ring.. Leopold Aston, with his happy blonde face and immense fortune, had brought a letter of introduction to Dr. herwood, of the Elmns, and Doctor Sherwood had taken Leopold Aston by the hand and introduced him to his two pretty daughters. Now It happened that the latter had never been thrown in the company of two pretty girls in domestic life,.and he found the household habits aud dainty white aprons of these young ladies very charm. Ing. In the first dazzle of pleasure, they looked to him very much alike ; but by and-by he found that Arabella and Mildred Sherwood weie very different. ie was to stry at the Elms during the summer. In the autumn lie was going abroad. "'I'o Englanid, to Germany and to Italy," said 'Mildred. "Yes, and to Paris," respomtled Arabella; and she shut her thin, scarlet lips tight over some resolve. When Leopold came In from a fine, breezy walk by the river, Mildred was dusting the ornaments on the mantle, and Arabella was arranging some fli-wers upon a table. Ile came straight to the table. " Stock-blue and lilac, and crimson and white gladiolaQ. What superb flowers you have here at the Elms, Miss Arabella I" " Do you think so? And do you like clove pinks?" she asked, handing him one. "If this concentration of the topics is a clove pink, yes, I do." "Then let me give you a button-hole bouquet," and taking the pink from his hand, she twined it with a bit of smilax, and fastened it in his buttonhole. And lie, looking (town, saw the curl of in her black lashes, and took the fragrance of her breath. In that instant, lie decided that there was a difference in the sisters. Arabella was prettier than Mildred. "I am going into the garden for more vines for my vases. If you like to come, I will show you my geraniums," said Ara bella. -Leopold took up his hat, which lie had laid down, and they went out into the sun shine. Doctor Sherwood, readling upon the piazza, lifted his spectacles from his news paper ; then look their off, an'l looked up. "Arabella-perhap ' a father is not the best judhge-huit. Arabella, it seems to me, is a very attractive girl!l" lie said to binm. self. Meanwhile, Mildred had put away the duster and gone down into the kitchen to hell) heri mother make florentines for tea. "Mother," she said, absently, after awhIle, " I should like to go to Italy." " Well, pr'obably you never will, my dear. Beat, these eggs a minute longer." At the table, a row nours later, Mr. Leopold Aston found that the eggs for the florentines had been thoroughly beaten. "Iow ice I'' Mildred heard him say, to Aiabella. ''It seems to me that you can dho every thing I'' Mildred was aboiut to remar'k that Ara bella never cooked, bcause it made her head ache, whlen something in her sister's look checked1 her, She swallowed her tea in momentary confusion, and rose from the table with a bewildering thought pressing upon her. Cast it off as she would, it was a thought which persistently returnedl as the summer (lays went by. Mr. Aston seemed to nnd her sister very attractive. Was it possible that tIs young man of fortume, with all the world before him where to choose, had fallen in love with Arabella-thiat lie would w-shi to marry her? She knew so well all the family affairs how the Elms was mortgaged-how hard they all exerted themselves tp keep up the appearance of prosperity and comfort. It would be a splendid~ thing for Arabella for them all I Hut could it be? And then ---Adam Neele i One night, whmen Arabella's voiec, sing ing to LeCop)old ini the pai'lor, came down the stairs, the dloctor remarked: "It seeing to me thsat Arabella speinds all lier' evenings with Mr. Aston.' "' Well, let her, if rho likes. I aii sure lis company is agreeable,"' returned lis wife, w ith apparent cnrelessness. But something in the tonuc prevented the doctor from saying more, ie unfolded the evening paper thoughtfully, mind held it uupsidle dlown for several moments. Mildred's gulick glance wont from one face to another. She thought of the mort gage; -she knew her father and mother were thinking of it, too. But she went on silently shelling peas. She had taken thme (d1sh from her mother's thredl hands a few moments before. P'retty soon Arabella danced by the door up to her chamber, A moment after, Leo pold came out upon thme piazza and lighted a cigar. Prett y soon lhe saw Airs. Shor woodi's lavendher cap ribbons, and came to the dining-room window. "Mrs. ShierwoodA I am called to' New York for a day or two. I shall be off be fore you are well astir in the morning." "But Mr. Aston, you will want your breakfast ?" "No, no I I shall take breakfast on the boat." le turned and went down into the gar den. " Rebecca," said the doctor, somewhat uneasily, to his wife, " Adum Neele is coming here to-morrow. He promised to come and show me about the under-drain ing for next year." "Well ?" said Mrs. Sherwood, after a pause. Her tone said:' "We shall see what will happen then." No one noticed the rosy flush which darted like a flame along Mildred's cool cheeks and her white finger-tips when Leo pold Aston, with his handsome presence and mellow voice, came suddenly so near her. It was too dark. She had not looked up, and did not see the quiet attention with which he observed her small, busy Angers, and bowed brown head. The next day Adam Neele came, and Arabella was confined to her room all day with a convenient sick headache, and saw no one. le was a grave, brown-bearded man of nearly forty-honesty, goodnebs was stamped In every line of his plain face. He was the best farmer in the county and owned the model farm of the township. "Arabella?" lie said, questioningly, of Mildred, when they were for a moment alone. "She-she is sick to-day," Mildred an swered; but her truthful eyes droppet and lie saw it. "Ask her if she cannot see me for a few moments," he said. Mildred went up stairs. Arabella lay upon the bed, one arm thrown up, upon the hand of which was a beautiful opal ring Mildred had never seen before. "Where did you get that lovely ring, Ara?" "From Mr. Astou," Arabella said, quietly. She did not seem sick and did not speak again. A tremor ran through - Mildred's delicate limbs, She rested a hand upon a chair to steady herself. . " Will you come down and see Mr. Neele, Ara I He wishes it." "No; maKe my excuses." Mildred went dizzily out of the chamber. She was not quite herself, when she en tered the room where Adan Neele was. "ghe wishes to be excused." Mihired, this rich Oernian-" " lie is not a German." Is lie anything to Arabella?" "I do not know. le has given her a ring," stammered Mildred, scarcely know. ing what she said. ilumphi That is enough." Adam Neele went away from the Elms the next morning. When he had gone, Arabella came down and ate her dinner. She took a book and sauntered down into the garden then. When Mildred had coaxed her mother to take a nap, she fol lowed her sister, and cut gladiolas and pinks. for the vases, which Arabella had neglected entirely for two days. When she came around to the arbor, where her sister sat, she sat down wearily. "Adam Neele has gone, Ara." "I know it." "Then you prefer Mr. Aston ?" "I prefer marrying a rich man and go ing abroad to marrying a poor man and spending my life at FEdgetown." "But you love Mr. Aston, Ara." " Love him ? Pooh! le is just a good natured simpleton. Adam Neele is just worth two of him. lInt I shall marry him if I can. I have meant it ever since he first came here." Mildred gave a littlo cry. "I don't love Adam Neele either. But I'm sick of wvork and striving to keep up appearances. We shall all go to pieces soon at this rate. P'apa earns nothing. Tihe mortgage will take the Elms. I am going to look out for myself. I would ad vise you to do the same, Milly." "I shall look out for myself. I can earn my living If need be, Earn it I will, shall never degrade mystlf by marrying for a home-or for money. Ara, I had rather have my hand burned off than wear that ring as you are wearing it 1" There was a step) upon the gravel, a put ting aside of the elematis vine. " My ring ! Have you found it, Miss Arabella ?" Arabella grew red, then white. She pulled the ring from her finger and handed it to its owner, Leopold Aston. " Where did you find it?" be asked. "At the end of the linden path," she an. swered, in a stifled voice. Then, partially recovering herself: "You are back soon." " Yes," pleasantly. Hie had lis valise in lis hand. He had just conmc over from the depot, and wvent up to his room. Burning with her sister's shianme, yet with a strange joy in her heart, Mildred I urned and went away from the arbor, She buried her face-among the pinks. " How sweet they arc I" she saidh. " Are we nevur going to have any more music?" asked the doctor. "'Milly, go tip and play something lively. ' " When I have finished picking over thene blackberries papa," The twilight overtook- the nImble fingera, and Mildred took thme pile of jetty fruit- out upon thme doorstep, under the porch honey. suckle. "Arc you always at work ?" asked a gentle voice. There was no paied blush nowv. Mil dred looked up, calmii anid sweet. "No, I am at leisure now," she answer ed, in a moment. '''['len will you walk downm this path with nme a little way I" He took a soft gray shawvl from its peg, and dror pod it around lher. As lie did so, she saw thme gleam of the opal. " Do you like my nng ?" asked Leopold Aston. "It Is the most becauliful opal I cver saw." "I lost it In the garden, the first (lay I caime to the Elms. Do you know the pro p~erties which inhere In gemsi" "'No.". "rihe ruby restrains w rath, the hyacinth procures sleep, the topaz banmshes sadl ness." "I And the opal ?" "JThe opal sharpens flie sight of the pos sessor. MildIret-ittle Milly-do yu think I (do not know what a jewel be3 ond prIce ,you are ?. Darling, look ump I I love you I Could you love me, Mildred ?" She looked up into his eyes. "Yes. I could love you if you were the poorest, the most unfortunate, man in the world I" "God bless my brave darling!" he cried. They had reached the end of the long, sweet, dewy path, and turned to come back. " And you promise to be my wife ? Let there be no mistake. Lot me be happy, Mildred !" "I promise. But, Leopold, I thought it wasArabella whom you loved." "You did I Well, I had lost my ring then and being without its aid, was a little stupid," he replied, with a slight blush. And so Mildred went to Italy, and Ara bella remained at Edgetown, for Adam Neele never-ca'ne back to her. how They Atmuse Tihensolves in tile Nortil-Sunnmor Excursions up the Itudson. The late ex-President Thomas A. Scott, of the Pennsylvania Rilroad, jild much to build up this great thoroughfare, and by that means to extend, foster and encourage the trade of the whole country. To this work was added that of catering for the amusement and entertainment of the peo ple-travelers and tourists--and lines are opened in all directions by which they can reach prominent and romantic places of summer resort. The plans hitherto pur sued will be again carried out this summer by the oilcors and managers of the Penn sylvania Rallroad, with such additions and amendments, as will accomminodate the peo ple to a still greater degree. Aiong the many lines of sunner travel projected by the Pennsylvania Railroad this suniner, excursions up the romantic Hudson stand deservedly preeminent. About-the 25th of June, the superb steamer "tichard Stock tou" will be restored to the Novburgh route. She is now being fitted np in a completo manner for the sunmer service, and will be as popuilar this summer as she was in 1879. Captain Bloomsburg will be at the post of command; there will be a full and excellent ban., of music on board. The restaurant will be conducted on the basis of popular prices, and no intoxicating drinks will be sold on board. Thsce features of the ex cursions cannot fail to commend them to the confidence and approval of tourists who wish safety, pleasure and profit com bined in one trip. The Stockton will run every day, including Sundays, at the low and popular rates of 1879. She will leave the Pennsylvania docks at Jersey City at 9 A. M., excepting Thursdays, when her leaving time will be thirty minutes later. The Stockton will stop at Cozzen's Dock West Paint, in both directions, and passen gers will have an hour and a half, at that point, to view the place and its objects of interest. She will also remain half an hour at Newburgh, which is full of histori cal memorials. Jersey City will be reached at 6.30 P. M. At this point connections will be made with Brooklyn Annex boats, and the trains of the Pennsylvania Rail road. From Jersey City and Brooklyn, the price for the round trip will be half a dollar, and children half that amount. This will be a delightful suimmer jarint, and the price is put on such a popular basis as to enable all classes to visit and enjoy the picturesque and varied scenery of the Hudson river. A Model Police 01hief. Our three young Americans had been in the ineaniiine introduced in due and an cient form to the police magnate at Duran. go, Mexico, but their piesence seemed at turns to intimidate him, then again to ex cite his wrati. At nearly every street-corner lie would stop short and deiver in a stentorian voice one of his choicest and most eloquent Spanish harangues, full of eomphansis and wild gesticulations. "Hal youi are Amerleans! Good! Long nmay live the United States, but may its in habitants all go to !" (Hie did not exactly mention the antarctic p~ole nor Lemnp's icc-house at the time. youi bet!) "I know what you caime here for; you camne here to ruin or steal my country; but you cannot do it until you cut my throat and crawl over my (lead bodlyl" And to show how easy it could be done ho usedl to squat dlown oii all fours and howl like a wouindedi lion. "'I am an Indian, I[ know: I am not ashamed to acknowledge it, but I can die for my country, and will (10 it sure, before you Americans can get a foothold here. Three cheers for General Washimgton; lie was a brick, but d-- -the Americansl" "What is it you want here, anyhow? My country? Yell can't have it without first taking my blood, and here it Is if you want It! What else do you want? You 'want to drink? Here! Bring us something to dIrink!" 'rho mnozo withm the beer would then come forward, brandish his bottlo andl exclaim victoriously: "I have no cork-screw?" "What else, then, (do you want?" would continue'the chilef. "Is it money? 11ere, we have lots of it; thrjw it to them, throw it." Th'Ie mozo with thme dollars would throw some, but very carefully pick them u1p again. At every corncr the same scene was r peated. The patrolmen, with laniterii m handi, stood spcll-hound, not knowing what to make out of this. Onme of them, older or more independlent than thie rest,slightly lntimnatedl to the chief that lie was really making a distulrbanlce. "Haii!" shiOnted the chief, "I. am an Indian! I am a Mexican! I love my country and respect itsaamonityl Yes, I bow to the authority! Yes, 1 bow to thie authority, look here If I dlon't!" And lie knelt doewn andl kissed the (dirty toes of the patrolman. Whi slight variations the orations andl scenes'were several times repeatedl on thie way,untii at last the house where the dane was going oin was reached~ anmd entrance ob tained. By that time thie procession was (liite Inposing; for every patrolman met 1had( followedl at a short distance with ian terns in hand, wondering who was to be slaughtered-the chief or the Americans. llowever, before half an hour had elapsed the proprietor of (lie house found It, abse lutely necessary to order a forcible eject ment of (lie little chief of Diurango. Vain ly lhe defended hImself with knife In hand; four men got hold of bim and curritd hira bodily into (lie street. Tro-(day, if lhe is sober again, you'll see him bowing to (lie Americans,and assurIng thiem that lie loves thiem fronm (lie very bottom of his heart, and is glad to see thienm comse to help to develop the industries and time wealth of his country, and so forth ad infinitnm The Bieptrio Railway In Berio, it is announced by telegram that the electric street railway of Dr. Slemens, in Berlin, was opened for public travel on the 12th of May, with much success. A num ber of prominent officials and scientists were present. It is a narrow guagc 1leva ted street railway, mounted on posts y,aced on the street sidewalks, something like portions of the elevated railway in New York, but on a smaller scale. The new railway is located on the outskirts of Ber lin, and extends from the suburb known as Lichterfeld to Yeltow, a distance of about two miles. The passenger cars are narrow and short, carrying only fourtceu passengere. There are two tracks. The cars are propelled by a dynamo electric machine, which receives electricity through track and a suspended cable, from an elec. tric generotor, -me at each end of the line, each generator driven by a sixty horse en gine.. An average speed of twenty miles an hour-was expected to be realized. The original electric railways, which were tried as experiments at Berlin and Dueseldorf exhibitions of 1879 and 1880, were worked by locomotives whose mecha nism resembled a fixed dynamo-electric machine. Thei rails of the line and the wheels of the locomotive engines were made of use to conduct the current of elec tricity and produce the necessafy motion. The second conductor conveying the cur rent produced by the staliunary machine to the locomotive was c nnected with a system of brushes attached to the locomo tive. These brushes touched a high edged rail running in the middle of two other rails and it.sulated from the ground by a longitudinal sleeper. In practice, however, it has been found that this arrangement is exposed to serious interruptions. The wet, snow andl mud which (according to the season) collects in the ordinary course of traflic upon the middle rail interfere very seriously at times with its conductive ca pacity. It has accordingly been deter. mined on the Berlin electric line to conduct the current by means of a copper wire properly insulated, and attached to pillars erected alongside the line, the current be ing condueied from the copper wire to the locomotive by means of cotitact rollers. A Queer Caning. A petite lady in a ineat, though notice ably plain attire, and carrying an arinfu' of books, brushed Into an alcove in which a reporter was seatetl at Mercantile Library Hull, St. Louis, the other day. She begged pardon, and began a hasty retreat, when the newspaper man reLonstrated and argued that the recess was common property. She acquiesced in this liberal view, and'after depositing the volume seated herself within a few feet of the only other occupant. After quickly glancing over the title pages of half a dozen of the volumes the lady drew a note-book from her pocket, remark in'g that she had a two hours' task before her. This fractured the congealed water, so to speak, at.d a convereation was opened. "These are all books on tho auiject of' writing letters, about which there is as much ignorance, even in polite circles, as there is about deferential circulars or the contents of the Koran. It has been em bodied in works on etiquette and cure-all books that contain something of everything and nothing complete or absolutely correct about anything." "flave you directed especial attention to it?" "Well, yes, I have, inasmuch as I have selected it to furnish the wherewith to keep body and soul together, a problem for which I find this following an intelligent, respectable and lucid solution. I am a professional letter writer." From her pocket she produced and handed to the re porter a neatly inscribed card, with the name, Aglac Beaumond, Letter Wilter. "Ihave you been located In this city very long ?" "I havc'been here for two years. Pre vioums to then I was in Chicago, Cincinnati, New York, Brooklyn. Dubuque, Milwaukee and a number of smaller towns. In I~ew York there are half a hundred persons (10 ing this work, but in this city there is scarcely any competition. ~The only other person I know who is a professional letter wilter is a man at No; 701 Chestnut street, and~ his b~usiness is really teaching pen manship, though he advertises as a letter writer." "What is the character of patrons ?" "They are of all stations of life but really can b)e divided into two classes ; those that cannot write and those who are educated b~ut desire to frame their crude thoughts in language with which they are not capable of clothing it or else are particularly anxious to 1be absolutely correct both grammatically andi rhetorically. Or course, one of the first requisites is to write an elegant and a very varied style of hand. The first Is ab solutely necessary, while the great need of the second quality will soon suggest itself to any one adopting this queer mode of making a living. "Do you dlevote your time exclusively to letter writIng ?" 'Yes. When I first began this work, about five years ago in Cincinnati, I also (11( inscription work, writing cards, formal invitations, faimily records in bibles, and inscrip~tions in books, albums and similar presenits. Since then I have found ample remuneration in letter writing." "Well, there is no market price regulat ing the sale, and I might say that I charge from nothing at all for seine Work and up to what you would consider a fabulous price for more. The class of work you speak of is alwayn done at bed rock prices, of course, for the usual customers for this are poor and uneducated persons. For these no great care Is required, and I wIll give them a letter for nothing ; or, If they are anxious to pay andl are capable-of do0 hig so, I charge them 25 cents, or some nominal amount. You will readily con ceive that this class of customers are not greatly solicited, though I must say that 1 havej worked hours in this way with the utmost pleasure. Much of the work 1 do is b r young mcei and shop girls, and it is needless to say that the correspondence In th(se cases is all of the lovely stamip.I soon comprehiend~ed the necessity of writ iiug a bold male hand when I embarked In this calling, and can (lash off an accurately worded epistle or write a neat, sweet love letter in .a hand that no expert in the world could pronounce a woman's. These letters are paid for in accordlance with the ability of the customer. I have receiyed as much as $25 for a letter cf t'.is descrip tion, and usually charge $' & Im ot any lengrth- Bntwnnn9; 25ncnt. lthu prices range. though, as I said, I frequently receive much greater sums for work." "What is your object in taking notes from eo many books " "Well, they are all on this subject, and nearly all incorrect in some ponts. I am now at work on the manuscript of a booic which .1 propose shall contain all the ex cellences and none of the glaring mistakes of these. I have written several magazine articles on this subject, and now Intend to compile these and other articles appertain Ing thereto. I have just returned from New York, where I have been for some weeks making arrangements for my book." ''You are, I suppose, the repository, of many secrets ' "Yes, I have some very queer customers and experiences, but I enjoy and am in structed by them. By the way, I am just meditating organizing an epistletory society for ladies and gentlemen. You cannot conceive how much ignorance there is con cerning this, and even about addressing persons in this county. I have spoken with several ladies on the subject and think it will be a success." To Jail no went. They give a man a chance out West. In Deadwood, Custer, or any of those new Western towns, the spirit of fair play crops to the surface even in judicial proceedings. In March last, a Michigan man who keeps an eating-house at Gunnison, was over particular about taking a counterfeit half dollar, and in the row which resulted he was considerably battered. le therefore called upon the Justice of the Peace and stated his case and asked for a warrant. "I guess I wou Idn't make a fuss over it," replied the cGillcial. " But he meant to kill me." "Yes, I presume so, but he'll leave town and that will end it." "1 But he's a dangerous man." "Yes, they say so; but no one is afraid of him." "Judge, do you know what lie said about you when I told him l'd have him arrested ?" ''No." "Well, lie said you were a blamed grass hopper eater I" "Yes, but he didn't mean it." " And he called you a reptile.' " Well, he was mad, I suppose." a a Yes, and lie was mad when lie said you didn't know enough to write your own name, and therefore couldn't issue a war rant I" "Did lie say that?" "le did." "Then I'll issue on him like a ten ton avalanche on a yaller mule ! The man who sneezes at my larnin' must have a contempt for the judiciary." The warrant was issued the party ar-. rested and tried, and the verdict of the court was: "Gunnison William, the verdict of this court Is that you are guilty, and the sen tence is a flue of $25 in cash. This court can't get over the fact that you vilified its mental calibre. It is also aware of the fact that you haven't a red to pay your fine ,with. Now, then, if you will meet this court lljok of this building on the level it will eltlmr git away with you in six and a half nimut's or remit the fine. I want to prove to Vhe citizens of Gunnison that in electing in) to the judiciary they have cast their votes Toi: a man who can spit on his hands in sififferent languages and git away wit it, bog-pen full of roughs without having an eor scratched, Prisoner at the 4ar, have you anything to say ?" The )ris*cr had. He said he'd rather go to jail,. apd to jail he went. Utres in the Telephone. Ilaving remarked that telephones trans mit along with speech sounds of iia un known origin), the author has undertaken experiments in ordler to find out if the causes of these sounds are not those wvhich oppose telephlonic communication in great (lstanles. To eliminate all possible sources of error, the following arrangement was adoptedl. A line of twventy meters was laid on the floor of several rooms, all the (loors of comumuication being closed. It was connected at one end to a pair of telephones by means of flexible conductors, designed to arrest s ;unds which might communicate themselves mechanically along the metal to the telephones. The circuit was completed between these con :ductors by another flexible wire, on the path of whilch was an interruption pedal, rendering it possible to cut the clrquit without changing at all the nature of the communications between the line and the teiephones, andl to prove that the sounds heard had1( an electric origin. The operator acted at the other end of the line which was not connected, directly or by Induction, with any electric generator. ie observed that the current produced by the friction of two wires of the same kind or of differ at kinds andl that produced by closing a pressure screw were heaird in the tele phiones. It is easily undlerstood that whoa suspended, telegraph wires serve for tele phonic transmission, this cause may occa sion much trouble, sirnce these lines are formed of pieces of iron wire connected to each other and to the stretchers by liga tures, more or less perfect, which are in a state of constant agitation. lBut this cause of failure may he removedl by soldering the wires instead of tying them. Unfortu nately there is another cause; the currents (due to the influence of tihe vibrations them. selves. To verify tis hiypothesis, the author placed In the circuit, at the end op posite the telephones, a rod of iron 1.50 meters in length, and connected to the system by suipple conductors. This rod was struck so'metimes transversely and sometimes longltudiinally with a hammer. T.he sounds occasioned by thbe blows were distinctly reprodluced1 by the telephones with their peculiar characters. This ex periment if r'eeated with copper or brass rodls, gave merely negative results. It seems that the phenomenon is only pro-. duced as an effect of the vibrations occa sioned in the wire. Future experiments must decide whether it Is (1u1 to a molecular change which the metal undergoes or to a lpeculiar action. If, as it Is probable, the vibrations caused by the wind r.ct upon the lines of iron wires like the blows upon a rod, it appears difficult to correspond at gi'eat distances with the existing means of transmission, till a method has been fomund of calising the telephones to speak by the aid of electric action so powerful that th currents n''ising in the Jino itself cease be an appreciable cause of dIsturbance. -T34 ,erowni of IAengland Is va uod at About Some Fish. In 1878, while salang south, a dolphin was caught which wasof unusual sizesome 4 feet 6 Inches lwng. It is exceedingly in teresting to examine the stomach of all fish. In this dolphin, however, nothing very curious turned up,-though the veracity of the fish was quite evident when the con tents of the stomach were exposed. A lot of coal cinders were found, and at least a half-pound of 8-inch wrought-iron nails. An explanation of how the fish had swal lowed such strange and indigestible hard ware was readily found. The ship's cook was in the habit of cleaning out his stove every morning at 4.80 o'clock, and had been burning a quantity of old passengers' berth-boards which had been held together by wrought-iron. nails. These were the nails, mixed up with the cinders, which the dolphin had swallowed. An instance of voracity of a similar character may be told of a shark. In the spring of 1861, while at anchor off the coast of Georgia, a ship's crew amused themselves by fishing. Their luck was poor. For some days all the lines were severed, and there was no sport. A ilot beat told us that a tiger-shark was under our bottom, and that It had - taken all our bait. We set to work to catch him. A shark-hook was baited with a piece of pork and this soon brought him to grief. We rigged a running bowline, a kind of nauti cal lasso, slipped it over his head, and aoon had him hauled on board, stern foremost. After severing his vertebral column, we disembowled the monster. The contents of the shark's stomach were exposed to view. Among many minor items were several large lumps of clay, fully a pack of beef bones, many fish-hooks, with pieces of the lines, belonging to us, two horse-shoe Drabs, 7 inches wide,pieces of stones, prob ably ballant, and a half-worn boot. The most interesting point of this fish story is the finding of the fellow boot and its owner. The inquisitiveness of the writer led him to examine the boot most carefully to find out what had been the effects of the 4astric juices on the leather and the nails. On the upper some few spots of green were visible. This was determined to be green paint. -The evidences were that somebody bad been engaged in painting a short time before. But had the artist dropped over board from some vessel, had he been swal lowed by the shark, and was this boot the sole mortal remains of the painter? That day a pilot was hailed, whose sides had just been newly painted. A kind of coro ner's inquest held by me brought out the fact that Captain Smith, of the pilot-boat Savannah. had been decorating his boat, had accidentally dropped a boot overboard, splashed with green paint, and that the shark had swallowed it. In order to claim property the boot was presented and iden Miled. The boot was then returned to its rightful owner, and, for what I know, this jetsam boot, miraculously saved from a shark's maw, may be still among the heir ooms of the Smith family. The intelligence of fish remainsas yet an unwritten chapter, which requires future study. What instincts we may allow birds a their migrations are followed out even more miraculously by fish, if birds can see landmarks, it Is not improbable that the water fish can be guided by their eyes. Ihink of the shad in Chinese waters which mount up from the sea to the head of a river 2,000 miles distant from the ocean. There must be exceeding intelligence in the black bass, who protects her young as va liantly as does a hen her chicks. Think to of that fish which secures his food by a co ordination which is really not equalled by any other creature. The fish sees an insect on a leaf or spear of grass overhanging the water, lie arises to the surface, sights the insect as a rifleman would his weapon of precision, and unerringly fires a drop of water, which never misses the tiny mark, he i~Asect, which, knocked off its perch by ~he globule of water, falls Into the stream, mud is swallowed. The assumption that fish possess a great imount 01 natural intoJhigence need not 1,e :ioubted. A certain sagacuhy a absolutely accessary in order to enatwle ah 1t over somie tihe diilceulties they must encounter .n obtaining food. An instance of this sharacter may be cited. Near the Mar auesas Islands, the peaceful wvaters abound n fish ad birds. T1here are constant cehools of flying-fish and bonitns. Th'le atter exist almost entirely on the former. The flying-fish, by clever flymng, are always mndeavoring to escape the jaws of the bomn tos, while the devourers are up to all kinds of stratagems to circumvent their agile prey. The bonitomes seem to study the surve the llying-fibh will take in the air and the detlection caused by the wind, and shooting across in a straight line, will catch he flying-fish as he touches the water at the end or his flight. On one occasion, when the sea was smooth andl the wind light, opportunity was taken to throw out i surface dredge in order to secure speci mns. 'This diredge was made of gauze. F~or several evenings in succession I observ id that shortly after sundiown there were to be seen on the surface of the water nuim bers of flying fish. Many of them were caught in the dredge, and when taken out were found to be disabled' or dlead. Trhis occurrence was so remarkable that I1 was led to ask the reason why, and at once set about fInding the cause. Watching the sea from a position taken on the bow of the ship as she was slowly surging thirougui the water, I observed a large school of bonitos, who separated into three- divisions. One took position directly ahead of the ship, t e other two at some distances on either I) w. Presently the party on the starboarti at tracted my attention by a disturba cc on the surface. I saw them driving a school of flying-fIsh, who, to avoid thi bonitos, triedl to pass ahead of the shi , but they were prevented from doing by the party on the larboard side. F hitened, then, by the bonitos advancing .,wardsthem and flanking them on both si es, they took wing, ad after a few~ mfomii ts of hesitation, flew directly towards t e ship's bow, always pursuedi by their iemies. T1hiey were cor raledl to their fat . Hindr-eds were dashed against the 8111 's piow, and fell Into the water, mali edi or killed, to be immediate ly gob~bledl y the bonitos, who waited the ship's ce~ ning, passing astern to gorge themns yes oii their victims. This act was plal my observable from the stcrin of the shi . where the movements of .the bonitos auld be stuidied. -Gu~y Fawkes was executed in 1600. -Germany has $100,000,000 in silver in circulation. --Cromwell refused the crown of E ngland in 160. -It is said that there are 23,000 feminine farmers in Great Britain. -Tho Buik of Englani was founded in 1094. The capital is ?14,533,000. -Incendlarism has been a capital offense in 8outh Carolina since 1878. -The first volume of Gen. Beaure gard's history of the war is completed. -Tho number of miles of telegraph wires In the world is placed at 492,578. - Abon t 3 000,000 copieb of the re vised Testament have been sold al ready. -The mileage of telephone wires in the United States i8 estimated at 60,000 miles. --he resignation of Gen Melikol' has been accepted by the Emperor of Russia, -England manages to keep up her Ppirits on $50,000,000 worth of liquor annually. -Tho new Texas Capital will cost 1,500,000,and will be built by a Detroit architect, -The desert interior of Australia p)robsbly olfords the hottest climate in the world. -The population of Prussia Is in the proportion of eleven Protestants to seven Catholics. -More than 35,000,000 pounds of honey are produce(d and sold in this 3ountry annually. -Nebraska has a school population f 142,348 and an enrolmont of 92,5949 with 4,100 teachers. -Since 1800 9,000 divorces have been granted in Italy, Milan being set down ror no less than 3,000. -The first normal schoolon this side af the Atlantic was established at Lex ingtou, Maes., in 1789, -Lord Calthiness was burled in the 3lapel o1 lolyrood which, strango to ;ay, remalom rootless. -Jay Cooke has paid all his crediters in full and purchased his country seat, 3gontz, near Philadelphia. -In tMe whole commonwealthL of Miassachusetts, only 4,258 women have voted in the last two years. -The gift of the Ancient Order of [Iibornians to the Irish land league will amount to about $25,000. -Since gold was discovered in Aus ralia In 1851, ore to the value of $1,355,0C0,000 has been dug out. -The Supreme Court of Nevada has leelared unconstitutional the lottery ill passed by the last legislature. -The cold water spree of the Mis ;ourI river cost the people along its 3ourse $4,000,000 at a low estimate. Seventy workmen were killed and 300 were wounded, lait year, in the great tunnel at Mount St. Gothard. -Partial records of the live stock in terests of TeXas show a yearly yield ot s6methling over 400,000 head of cattle. -The reportof the Marylebone Club, the nost promninent cricket club in England shows a membership of2,679. -A pension of Z4,000 was granted In 1790 by the British Parliament to the heirs and descendants of William Penn, -The Common Council of Boston has appropriated $15,000 foi' the cele bration of the coming Fonrth of July. Louisiana and Florida are the warm ast climates in the Unitud States; Min tiesota and Wyoming Territory the. -oldest. -Mr. Ashmead-Bartlett, otherwise known as the husband of the Baroness Iurdtt-Coutt , will visit this country in June. --Mrs, Jessie Fremont has organized classes in history among the grown-up inns anti daughters of poor settlers In Arizona. -In 1850, 5,361 hands weore employ. ad In the manufascture of agricultural machinery. Last year 40,080 were so mniployed. Tihe roonlpts of the (Uunard Steam ship Company. for 1880 were close on 01,400,000 and thn net profits about lC200, 000. -Theis gross value of the mannfae bured silk products in the United sates for' the census year 1880 was $40,975.285. -The tota' diebt of the United States 3lutstandicing is now $2,030,248,433. Do Einctiag tihe cash in the treasury it is $1 SO61,072,693./ --Thec Cowpens monument. ivs un vell at Spartansburg, So~ith Caro ina.on the 11th of May,hn the presence of 23,000 people. -Th'le school fund of south Carolina amounte:l to $351,4l5,50) In 1880. There were 0,973 schools in the State, with 134,072 pupils1. ~-Moody and Sankey will sail for Scotland in OIktober. Mr. Moody is now 'at Nor,~lfleid, Mass., and Mr. Sankey at B!-ooklyn. --The g oss earnings for April, 1881, of forty~.wo railroads amount, to $12, 285,494; For the same month last yeair they /v're $9,919,254. hAe French ascribe the Invention billiards to Hienrique Davigno, in thAe reign of Charles IX., about 1571. Slate billiard tables are very modern. -A bronze statue of Dinte has late ly been set up in tihe square of tihe Col loge dhe terance, this being the qtaiarter in which he iivedl whein In Paris ini 1302. -A company has been formed in Chicago with a capital of $500,000 10 run the .300 Hlerdie coaches on the stra e',s of that oity. The faire is to be five cents. -E'x-Presidenit R1. B. Hayes hai been elected Preaident of the Board of Trrustees of the Green Spring Acad emsy, recently founded *at Green Springs, Ohio. -Judge Robertson, the new Collec tor of the port of New York, is fifty eight years old. Ills hair is a gray whIte, and lhe wears a large goastee. is eyes are blue. -The Revolutionary war cost thte United States $135,193,703. Great Bru' ains lost 50,000 men, incurred a debt of ?100,000,000 or $500,000,000, and lost her Amneric.mn colonies. T'he United Brethren of Christ re cen~ly held their eighteenth quadren nial session at fAsbon, Iowa. The de nomination lhas a membership of 160, ano. and 2,242 churchies.