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-~1 ,. -. A A , v -v Jr- a i r TRI-WEEKLY EDITION, WINNSBORO, S. C., JUNE 8, 1880. VOL. IV.-1o. L' 18 TOO BHORT. Life is too short to waste In unavailing tears' Too short'to spend in boOtless grief, In ooward doubts and fears. Too short to give itlup To pleasur6, or to now One hour,in guilt, to yield at last Eternity of woe. Time lago not on Its way, But spans our days In haste; If life should lastp a thousand yeare 'Twero still too short to waste. For, short-lived as we are, Our pleasure yet, we see, Evanimb eoon, they live.ludeed, E'ou sh'rter.date than we. But even with us here B:de sorrow, pain and sare; 'Its 'lotted grief to bear. To the old the end ij nigh To the young far off it seems Yet neit.er should dare to toy 4h life Sor WsAke (tyin idbqjivag For by'eaoh,' Time's ervant waits, Though not for sorvant's wage ; And the same worm nibbles the bud of youth That knaweth the root of a3e. Live, therefore, as he Ilv. s Who earns his share of bliss Btrive fot the prize that Virtuo wins Lifo's not too short for this. Perils of thaWilderness, "I suppose o'saw'sohib pretty hard times when you.first settle 1 in the Western count'rll' : o64ce said.to ad'old piloneer. "'Indeed I (id, sir I" he replied, with the .lo?k of op who is. takiiga retrospec tIve view. .' am an old tnan now, and my. hair, yob4^e, is white-but it was . as black as coal.i the nighti Wds snowed up among Wolves, Alt, 11,e! that was a ter rible night, air I and I never think of it, e- but I involuntrally shudder at the recollec tion, and t,hnk ,God that I was so wonder fully prese'r''d ihioixgh it" "Can I not prevail on you to tell re the storyU . "Oh, yes, I will tell It to you, as I hav6 told it to many others before you-so many, in fact, I.that I have it quite by heart thout,h if I had never inentionel the mat ter from that day to this, I am certain I should have no trouble now in recalling the minutes detail, so. strongly are the facts uipressec- upon my -memory.11 " It was just after the war of 1812, thai I got married and took my wife; to a pur chase I had made from government, withir what is now the imits of the State of IllI. nois. The Indamns, previous to this time, had beeti someWhat troublesome to the set tiers in that region ; but, after peace was declar6d, toy brled tl)l hatchet;, and jw< no lonker -ad afy occailo'n to lear theni.ir the vicinity where I located myself. " When I built ny cabin and moved into it, with the few housekeeping articles I had brought from the dastward, evbrything around me looked gloomy enough, and my poor wife sat down and had a hearty crying spell from slicer home-sickness. I laughed at her, and talking largely of what I was going to do, and all that sort of thing; but, to'tell you the honest truth, I felt a good deal more like crying than laughing myself. Our nearest neighbor was ten miles distant; the only mill where we could get grlinding done was fif teen ; all the stock I had in th< world were;,the two~ horses which had (liawn us and our effects out there, and one of these was blind and the other lame; while, to crown all, I hael no money, and, besides seed grain, barcly provisions enoughi to last us till early harvest." "Now I suppose you wotuld like to ask, what made me fool enough to venture int< 'a nrew country and set tip houkekedpius tinder suich circumstances ; and I wil answer you, that I was young, strong, pooi and ambitious, and I thought, and so did my wife, that this would b'e the only way we cotild ever gain,au lndependenc... " Well, things wvere not so bad ats they might have been ; and I congogd myseli with the reflebtlon Chat we !were a greal -eoed better off tItan a goodl many oilher who had settled in the wilderness befort us. . My farm .was about -half woodlant and half prairie-a rich, alluvial soil-ani so, without being obliged to clear th< ground fr$, Ikcom proeed to. pjow,,plani and.sow at once, tuich Is did, it; beldg:tlth -" We got through the summer very well. all things considered, and our ci ops went such as to make both of us look forwaie with a degree of cheerfulnress anid hope Mly wife, thouigh,not exactly contented an< happy, had gbt over her first severe attacl of home-sickness, and, tusing ali the phil osophy and reason sihe was mstber of, hiat become as resigned to he~r lot as I couh expect. When I was with her, shre goner ally seemed quite cheerfutl ; btut I had t< be away mot- el' resssi .and during. my ab Hence she . became tiid-i and low-spirited always fearing that something wotuld hap pen to me: For this reason I madec It p)oint, no matter "where I went, to eihe take her with nme, or return'home the sam, night, oven though1 I might trot get in .til late." " One. plqasitnt morning, late- In thre fall 1 friotr4toed 'my blind horse anti get off fo the mill4-tg get a gr$st I hand loft there, a was tihe custom, a week before-telling mn: wife I bad not the least doubt I should bi back bogark.)g 'q- ~. , " 'And if you are not, Peter,' sIre said 'you Icnbw I shall be terribly frighteiied and shall sit treAihbling by my :loneo fire til - 1hear&yfod ioie;ti' o 1 "Poor Natheyi. shm little knew h6et many long hours s1l4 would sit tremblini alone before she would see me again; a little did I d[ream what perils and suff Ings would be mine before I should agi cross the threshold of my humb'e dv ling." " I took my rifle and hunting knife w me, hoping, a's had sometimes occurred, might get a sliot at a deer; and if ni there were more or less bears and wobi about, and now and then some straggli xidianq, and it was always best to go p pared for -,whatevor one might chance encounter." " I reached the mill long before no. and, had my grist been ready, I cot easily have got home, as I had promis: before dark; but it was not yet groun and when I told the Miller how disappol .d I was, and that we had not meal enon in the house for more than two days, said if 1 would wait he would try and hi a bushel or so ready for me by four o'clo4 I thought of my timi wife, and lonely rl in the dark and half resolved to go hoi Ot once and 19tura .e next day ; but th besides that it seemed foolish to make entire journey again to save a few hou there was by this time every appearance a quick-gathering storm, and it might impossible to get back for the grist befh we should be actually suffering for I want of bread; so, all things being di considered, I concluded to wait." "Now, as bad luck would have it, so thing went wrong with the mill; and stead of getting my grist by four o'cloi us proiisled,.Ihs detained till near eig by which time such a furious snow-sto as riding, that the miller advised me, a matter of safety, to remain till morni aying I might-get Into an impassable di an.d lose.my life.". "'No,' said I, t*.thinking of my pol anxious wife,.. trembling for fear in I lonel.ness, 'I shall make the attempt at hazzards.'" "I had a strip of woodland to go thron for the first five milce, and I thought tI bad enough, I assure you ; but it v nothing in comparison wit4 the open pla or prairie, which stretched away before i for ten miles, to my very door. Sat the winl howled and'muoacd among t trees, itis true; "yet they served to bre its force, and in a measure protect me, aW guidbd my blind, stumbling horse along I path which the light of the snow enab] ne to see; but when I reached the pla the storm burst uipon me in all its terri fury, filled my. eyes, cut my face, chill ny blobd, almost blew me down, and pV the, snow in drifti and ridges higher tl my head. " I stopped and prayed-for somehov felt.that without God's assistance I shoi no1er gQt thro'bgh and behold my dear w again-and then I. set forward with i child-like reliance of one who has ackno leged his weakness and committed himE to the care and guidance of a Supre Power. "For a short distance I continued to ri but I soon found this would not do; besides the fact that I could scarcely k( my position, and felt my limbs and bc numb with,the piercing cold, my poor he was beginning to stagger from the fo of the wind and his load together; so 11 down and led him forward, both o s tumbling more or less on the clear grom and plunging and wallowing throughi high drnifts, which were every minute gro iug higher and more diflcult to surmoun "In this manner I had got over, as ni as I could judge, about three miles of pr rie, when there came to my cars, born alc by the rushing blast, the distant howli of a p)ack of wvolves. Of all nights, suei night as this was the very one for th r'avenous beasts to get the courage to atti a man, and iny heart sunk and my i: trembled. Had there been nobody excI myself to think about, I could have pl .pretty bold face on the matter, even fri the first ; but the Ihought of my poor Ni cy being left alone to mourn for me, a yeihapsje staigve to death and (lie by si, agonies, seemedl to take away all my ho) strength and courage ; and when, a mini after I stumbled and fell into a drift, I there for some t,ime, hearing the storm ra and the wolves howl still louder, and thiu lag I might as well dlegne way as anothe "BUut all at n,asI lay itere, tre bhing liko.mfriglitined hare, it occurred mec that I was acting t he coward andi fool both. I was not dead yet, and i should I die before my time came, withi striking a blow in self-defense?i With t I jumped up, shook off the snow from ri 'self and Ille,beatL my arms and hands agal my breast to got some warmth into the and then reprimed my piece, and fixed knife whlero I could grasp and use it In instant." "fBy the time all this was done, iido of the wolved had come a good ( nearer, and my foor, blind horse, as if -knew what a bloody fate was awaiting hi snorted, cowerd and trembled-but, being able to see, lhe (lid not attempt to away. At first I thought of leaving 1 to appease the hunger of the beasts, wi I madeo made my escape on foot ; b)ul was by no means ,e9rtain I could escape rthus,wtay,; tand besides,;it seenied absolut necessary that I should tak6 the meal ho with 410.1 and no, after- a little conalde tion, I resolved' to mount him and mi WM kelfoM I9Ebjd. I got upon back upon my knees throw the bridle o one arm,. covdred iiny rit1k sA' well Icould, and there, with the storm howl pat, nd the snow fairly drlftmug over in sheets, I waited in terr~ible suspense ~onset of my foes." nd "I did not have to wait long before Isa Dr- their eyesshining like coals of fire all aroun An me, and heard, above the awful roar of t e)- tempest, their barkings, snarling and grow ings, as they danced about, leaping at th tumbliig over each other, one minute ve: I turing up close, and then falling back I it, alarm as I shouted to frighten them, but a 'es the time getting bolder and bolder, till ng saw the struggle must come soon. A re- poor trembling horse could not proect himse to in the least; for besides, as I have said, th he could not see, lie was now imbeded in n, drift, one-half of which had snowed u Ad around him after he had stopped; at d, though, if the wolves had not been prescn j I might, perhaps, have worked him out It. this, yet I doubt if he could have got o gh alone, or that I could have ever got hi le home alive in any case." ve " Well, the work of destruction soon b k. gun, by some of the boldest of the beas de plunging into the drift,. and seizing upo ne the horse before and behind at the san m1, time. He shriek, and reared, and plunge an and kicked, and It was a marvel that I wi rs, not thrown from his back and destroy< of before him. I clung to him for a sho be time, unable either to shoot or use my rit >re for a club, and believing my last minu lie was at hand ; and then, somehow, by ly sudden impulse, I sprang to my feet, at jumbed from his back, as far as I coul( ie- into the deepest part of the snow. I vei In- clown like plunging into water, and tli ,k, next instant the sweeping blast had covert it. me with a white mantle, that I only hope rm would be my winding sheet, if it wou as save me from the fangs of the monste 1g, that were now tearing my horse to pieces ift 1"For what seemed an age to me, t1 ravenous beasts remained at their blood )r, work-snarling, growling and fightinj ker Every minute of this time I was expectin aill them to bounce upon me, and I kept n knife in my hand, prepaired to sell my Ii gh dearly. I had my rifle with me, too; bi kat this was of no use, except to thrust ot 'as through the white wall of my priso In, house and to open an air* hole throug no which I could breathe. Except in ily fear of the wolves attacking me. I d! Ie not feel so very uncomfortable in my strane ak quarters; and when, at last, I became sei I sible by the sounds that the animals we: he gradually dispersing, sliuking away on ed after another, my poor heart took a gref in, b iund with hope, and I thanked God wi ule my whole soul for his kind Providence I ed preserving me. ed "It was a long, a terribly long and tr; anl ing night after that, as I remained the buried in the snow, constantly changi I iny position, rubbing my legs, arms, han ild and body, forcing open a breathing hoh Ife rousing myself from a drowsiness whoE lie sleep would have been death, listening 1 W- the shrieking and howling storm above m elf and thinking of my poor, distracted wi at home-it was a terribly long night, ir deed-but I lived througb it, and ferventl thanked God to see the storm abate wit lC; the dawn of day." ror " Though only seven miles to my cabir ep it took me six hours of hard labor to reac dy it; and then I fell into the arms ot my a 1'Me most frantic wife, completly exhauste rce and with some of my limbs so frosted thi rot I was not abl to leave the house again ft us months. Terrible as was the journey1 id, the mill, my wife was obliged to make h~e alone, a few days after, to get meal to ket w-us from starving ; and you can fancy wh, "were my feelings, while left an inva id gh home, knowing her lia.>le to be exposed1 the same perils wIch had so nearly prov< -fatal to mec I Ah, sir, it is indeed wil nig truth I can say, I saw some pretty ha: ng times when I first settled in thme wvestem i country." ~se ck ge A IUstoric Desk. a lion. Robert C. Winthrop, in the court >of the Centennial oration delivered by hit on the Fourth of July, 1876, in Music hal un- Boston, exhibited to the 'audience tlr nid wvriting-desk upou which the Deciaratio >w of -independence was written, an(i (I 30, thoughts suggested by this interesting hit ite torical relic formed one of the most cih quent passages of his oration. 1He cot ay eluded his allusion to this (deak with thect >ar words: "Long may It find its applrop)rl ink- ate and appreciating ownership in the su< e." cessive generations of a family in whic the bodof Virgiia and Massachusetts: tothe lapse of years ever pass from the hiant he of those to whom it will be so precious a by heirloom, it col only have its fit and flat )ut place umong thie choicest and most, cei lia ished treasures of the nation, with whet title deeds of independence it is so proudl ly- associated." On a recent visit to Wast nlat ington, Mr. Winthrop took the occasion m, call at the executive mansion to dellv< ny personally to the president, as a gift to 011 United states, the little mahoga,ny desk a an which Mr. Jefferson wrgte the'Declairatie of Independence. It Was presetntedi in th: he namie of the children of thie late Mr. Josep cal Coolidge of Boston, to whom It was give lie by Jefferson himself in 1825, whose granm nfl has an atitograiph inscription as follows iot ''Thomas Jeff< r on gives this writh1 un desk to Joseph Coolidge, Jr., as a menu ims rial of his affection. It was made fromi Iedrawing of his own by Ben Ratndall, cab Snet-maker, of Philadelphia, with whom I , ,frtlodged on lis arrival In that city I in May, 1776h, and Is the identical 01ne c ely which lie wrote the Declaratimi of lnd me pendence. Polities as weoll as relgion lit ra- its superstitions. These, gaining strengt ike with time, may one dtay give imagtia value to this relic for its association wit li.s .thie birth of thie great charter of our lnda vet pendence." This desk will be deposit< a 1 in the fire-proof library of the State di gdartment, where ate kept the original dral of the declaration, written on this deal me and the engrossed copy whichi was sigmn the by the memibers of the Continental -Col Farm and Garden. LO Time Is now at haud for the annual ap pearanco of the borer. They make an on trance to the tree at the base of the trunk, d and sometimes just below the surface of the groand. When young they are easily a removed with the blade of a pen-knife or a small wire. The borer more frequenily at tacks young than old trees. Tihe old prActiem among farmers of annually scrap Ing the trunks of -apple trees and afterward if applying a coat whitewash is not so coim it mon nowadays as it used to be. Still the a good results following the lator will well repay one. Underneath the dry and dead P bark countless numt-ers of vermin mako Ad their liome; when the bark is removed and I, whitewash applied the destruction of all )f vermin is certain. The Chinese and Jap anese excel all other nationalities in the cul ture of early vegetables. Tis arises from the fact that they use only ligntid manures, hence the growth of the plants ismnot e rapid, and as a natural consequence the vegeta bles are very brittle and tender. Lettuce and radishes they force rapidly, giving the plants a sprinkling once -a day. Tobacco e and tea plant are also treated in a like manner. The rhubarb, or "pie plant" as is it is best known in the country, should be d looped after these spring lays, since it is an early growtk determines in some nicas ure its value. Remove all of the old and e decaying stalks and place over each root a e barrel (without heads) so that the stalks a will grow erect while the bea ns of light renders the shoots more tender. Somie of the varieties of English and Scotch oats are worthy of culture no doubt, while others it have no value at all. The Pedigree Po ic land, an early and profitable oat, is recoi d mended by some of our western farmers. d Its quality is said to be excellent. Ordinari d ly this grain succeeds best when sown early in the spring, thereby avoiding danger from ro protracted drouth. Moderately rich soil is best, since the oal is liable to lodge if t.he L ground is too rich. Most of the ferns found in our woods contain more or less 3 starch, and when properly prepared are ex -' tremely palatable and nutritious. An at - _ tempt was recently made in France to popu y larize them as an article of food. The .e young shoots of the common brake fern when exposed above the soil to the air and sunlight become exceedingly fleshy, white and tender. A famous French painter is n known to pride himself on his fern omlets, i and the hill tribes of Japan live on fern all y the year round. In spring they eat the ten d der leaflets and later in the season they eat the starch extracted from the roots. If you c intend sowing any of the ornamental grasses i be sure and obtain a packet of gynercum -e argenteum (passes grass). This sor is tho ic finest of them all, and reaches an aittudo of ten feet. Alost of the sorta are annuals, but this one is it half hardy perenial. A I dwarf variety known as hare's tail grass is n very pretty and grows to the hight of one foot. Some of the varieties have panl-liko foliage, while others have feathery spikes. The triccolona iroaca is q6 beautiful rose tinted grass. 'Thet yariegated Japanese g maize is one of the latest novelties In orna Is mental :rasses. All of the varieties make very pretty winter bouquets, when made e up with the everlasting flowers. ,0 The Blonkoy ana ft Hawk. The cook of a French nobleman, whose 'e chateau was in the south of France, had a j- monkey which was allowed the free range Y of t lie kitchen, and which ivas so intelligent that by severe training its natural propen sity to mischief had been subdued, and it was even taught to per-form certain useful , services,such as pl c'ing towls, for instance, h at which it was uncommonly expert. Ono fine morning a pair of partridges was given it to pluck. The monkey took them to it I open window which looked directly upon it the park and went 4o work with great dili ir gence. le soon finished one, which lie o iaidl on the outer ledge or the window, and then went quietly on with the other. A hawk, wvhichi had been wuatching his pro Pceedings from a neighboring tree, darted it dIown upon the p)artridge, and in a minute it was upi in the tree again, greedily devour o ing his pr'ey. 'The constei'nation of the d monkey at tis untowasrd adivJmnure may hi be easily imagined, lie knew lie she nld be0 severly whipped for losing it. le hopped iabout in great distress for several miinutes, Ii when suddenly a bright thought struck him. Seizing the remaining partridfie, ho wvent to work wit h energy and stripped off the feathers, lHe then placed the otheir, on the windowv sill, and closing one of the shutters concealed ehi.miie.lf behind it. The hawk, which hy thIi time had finished his meal, .very soon swoopedc dlown upon01 the partridge; but hardly had lis chaw touched the bird when the monkey spranig upotn him from behind ethe shutter. Tihe hawk's head was instant -ly wiung, and the mionkey, wvit.h a triumph ant chucklec, p)rocee(ded to strip off the feathers. Ti's (lone, Ite carried the two p lickedl fowls to his matster, with a confi dent andl s:ilf-satisfled air, which seemed to -say. "Here are two birds, sir, just what iyou gave ine.'' What the cook maid en Sfinding one of the partridge converted into a hawk, is more thtan we tire able to tell. I We feel sure that the subject of timber -culture does not engage the attention of 0 thme putblic as Its merits demand. The an y nal consumption of railroad ties alone is over 40,000,000. It requires thirty year's o gr'owth to produce the avertige rilroad tie. r 'There Is ovei' 90,000 miles of railroad ini e this country; making over 180,000 miles of a fencing, which cost over $50,000,000j, and a ovei' $I5,000,000 annally for repair. We e have over 75,000 miles of telegraph wires, ih which require over 300,000 telegraph p)osts, ni and the annual rep)air takes 30,000 more. I- But, if' we should go on and enumerate the d amount required for farm fencing, build :Ings. brtick-b)urniing (which requires 2, 000, - g (000 cord(s a year), nmatch-making, shooe pegs, furniture -makinug, saddle-tree making, a packing-boxes, scythe antd tool handles of all kinds, wagons, carriages, agricultural e impliements, atnd fire-wvood,--it would swell a the grand total at least $200,000,000 an tn nually. And, notwithistaindlng this great (-lemand and shortenedi supply, the havoc is of lumber-destroymngis going on just as Ii rapidly as ever.' The time Is coming when y this wholesale (destruct Ion will be regretted. Ii Tihe supply will b)e exhausted; and then it -will take more than fifty years to restore It, d at great expense and labor. The supply uthereafter can never be made to equal the t demand for It. Those who will now turn , their at'.ention to timber culture and to the d prehervation of what timber they have, i- will receive a big reward in the near fnture. Eutertainins: Passengers. "4 I hope nothing will happen to the boy," the woss passenger remarked, anxiously, as we were speeding northward from London. The boy in question was about seven years old. Ile was entertaining the pas sengers by running up and down the aisle, shouting like a Comanche Tndinu. le would run to the rear door, kick the panels and shout, " Ilo I " Then he would run to the forward door, kick it and yell "Ilayl" When this performance began to grow maddening with the monotony, tho boy would lend it a little variety by pausing to look into some passenger s fact-, while at tile same time he would strike at him and shriek, "I'll kill you ! " It was very in teresting, and we all loved the infant. Now and then his mother woul say, "Sammy, Sammy dear, you mustn't strike the gentleman ; perhaps the gentleman doesn't like it." And then the gentleman would lie like a Trojan, and say, "Oh, yes, he didn't mind it ; he liked little boys." And so we were all worried and nervous, for fear the child might get hurt. We fairly grew sick with anxiety. llestopped at my se1 31n1tched the lap tablet out of my hands a ' roared, "niny that poncil I " and n,h!in I i mother said, "Why, Sammy, I am afraid you ditutb the gei.tlem-in," 3ammny.yelled, "I'll kill him! " I was so anxious about him that I watched him all the way down the aisle to see if he wouldn't fall and break his neck. So we all sat and watched him, with concern written all over. our faces. The boy snatched an apple away fron the fat passenger, kicked the cross pamssener's valise, made faces at the sad passenger, and hit the man on the wood-box twice with a stick. Once, and only once, lie made an offer to slap the woman who talks base, but she glared down at him with a croak that mate his hair stand oi end, and lie avoidedi her dur ing the rest of the trip. At last just as lie was rushing up to Ilh. f>rwnrd door to kick it, the Impetuous brakeama banged it open to intioince a stt;tiot. It, cia,!ke.l that boy on the lead with the brazen knob, and the boy acted very muclh as lie would have actedl had lie been shot with a catapult, and it took all the ice water in the cooler to cool off his head, and the boy was effectually quieted (own. And it was really pleasant, to see the wearied look of anxious concern off the passenger's face., after lie brake mian dropped the boy. The cross passen get 'A grim face relaxed like a May morning, the fat passenger winked at the man on I lie wood-box, who wasi still rubbing his knuckles with an air of tender interest, the sad passenger hummed a merry little air, and the woman who talks base gave a cheerful croak that vas intcrpr ted to mean laughter. Four passengers, w1iose names I could not learn, gave the astonished brake man ifty cents apiece. he boy with his head swathed up in wet handkerchiefs re mained comparatIvoly quiet. The city of Ghuznee, India, on which the Bngliish troops have advanced, is situated 233 miles from Candahar and eighty-fIve from Cabul; and the route from the former city lies up the valley of the Tarnak, along which there is considerable cultivation, and in consequence a silliency4 of supplies. It appears that these have been collected at various stations along the route to a litile way beyond Kelat-i Ghilzai, a fort eighty-nine miles from Can dahiar, and at present ovcpied by a native regiment, two campanies of British in fantry andtoutr guns, left there as a garri san by Ocmral IA.ughes i October last. Beyond that fort Ilie forces will le in the very boart of time Ghilzai country; but the tribe have been so worted in their recent ongagements with the Ilazaralis, who in habit the hilly country to the noithwest and have warmly eipoused our cause, th(tt there dtoes not appear much prosp)cCt of opposition before the walls of Ohuznee are reached4-even if Mohammed Jan's hostility should last as long as that, General Stew art will return from Ghumznee to India by time Kuramn route; by which is p)robab)ly meant the road followed by the Lumnsden mission in 1857. There are, however, twvo other routes from Ghiuznee to India, neither of which have ever beomn traversted by Europeans, and of which a more complete knowledge is desirable. One diverges from the G3huznee-Cabul route at hIatt Asia and loads through the Bugawand Pass (also enlled Bakawand and Sujaon) to [Kushi, while the other, lying between the Kuram andi the Gomul routes, runs ini a southeasterly direction anmd passes through Urgun anid down tihe valley of the Tochi River to Bannu. Thie first of these two1 routes was frequently used by the first Afohammeelan conquerors of India in pro ferencee to the Khyber route, and therefore many be conifidently assaumned to be wvorth explhoration, while thme second has the merit of being the shortest and most dlirect line possible from Qhuznee to the Indus. Arramnge,noumt of Fiowers. Of all the various mistakes made b)y parties in arranging flowers, the common-1 est is that of putting too) many lr.to a vase; andl next to that is the mistake of putting too great a variety of colors into one beou quet. ,Every flower in a group should be] clearly dhisti nguishmable and determninable without pulling the nosegay to piees; tihe ealyx of a clove-pink ahould never be hid b)y being pluniged inito tihe head of white phllox, however well the colors mnay look. Sweet peas never loo)k so well ini the hands a as they do on the boughs over which they c:1mb, b)ecause they cannot 1)0 carried I without crowdhing them; but put them< tmguatly into a vase with an equal nmbmher of~ imignonet te, or rather, ornament a vase I half huil of mignonette with a few blooms of sweet peas, and you get a charming of fect, because you followv the natural ar rangement by avoiding crowdmng of thie blooms, andl putting them with the green folinge which they want, to set them off. Few people are aware uinthi they try it how easy it is to spoli1 such a pleasing combina.. tion as this. A pice of calceoharia, scarlet geranmiumt, or lue salvia would ruin it efeectuially. Such decided colors as these require to he group)ed in another vase, and should not eveii be placed on the same ta ble with sweet peas. They also require-a much larger preponderance of foliage than is wanted of flowers of more delicatecolors. it is unquestinably diflicult to resist the temptation of "just putting in" this or that flower, b)ecause "it is such a beauty." A beauty it iray be -and so may be an apricot, b)ut it would be out of place in a basin of green pea soupl There is at least Ione $roper place for every flower; thon let 4Yery flower be in its pror place. Corn Sugar and Syrups. The process of making corn syrup and I sugar is as follows. The corn Is steeped In I large tanks for 24 to 80 hours in warm 4 water; when it becomes quite soft. It is t then ground in burr stone mills through I which a stream of water is constantly pass ing. As fast as the corn is ground it is carried off by the water into settling tanks in which the coarse particles are deposited, y the fine starch being carried off in the a water into other tanks where it finally I 3ettles free froni any impurity, and the a water is drawn off. The coarso iatter is a reground, bolted, and washed repeatedly, I until ali the stargh is secured, when the refuse is gathered and sold as starch wasto r for feeding co*vs and cattle, for about 15. 3ents a bushel. This Is obviously a pure I Wnd wholesome food, being thus freed friom niost of the starch, and containing the a gluten and other nitrogenous natters with t all tile mineral portions of the grain. The tateient so often Iade that this waste is injurious when .fed to cattle is seen to be tintrue; it is as wholesome and about as nutritious us bran. 'rhe starch thus mado and still nixed with a largo quantity of wator from which it is not necessary to t iepai ate it, is puul)ed into wooden vessdls 4n which a certainl proportion of sulphuric a icid is added to the starchy liquid. The f propr.ion of a4id vairies foi one to three o pcr cent. ikaording to the quantity of f starch suspleIdLd in the liquid. 'ile whole C iass of liquid is thoroughly stirred and 4 lieated by means of a stean coil of lead I [)ipe until the wilole of the starch has beec .onverted into dextrine. This point Is as- 'I :ertaiied by testing a small portion of the in liquid by the addition of a few drops of s 1lcohic ic solution of iolilne. lodine pos- ( i-ases tihe property of giving violet color to 0 itarch and if any starch relaiis iI the d liquid its presence is noted by the appear- 1 Ince of a violet cloud Im the test tube. If 1: io dincoloration takes 1)place the process is s :omiplote and the liqui is drai off into n1 mother vat and powdered marble dust is fI stirred intO it in the proportion of 3 pounds u o each 5 pounds of acid used. ).'he mar- I ble dust, carbonate of lime, unites with a the acid and forms sulphaite of limte or o pIaster, which falls to the bottoml), leaving g the sweet liquor free from acid, if the pro- y ness has been exactly performed. This is y tested by tile use of litlus paler which d becomes red when dil)Ped into an acid t liquid, and blue If dipped intb one that is a alkaline. When found to be perfectly s1 autitral the liquid is filt r.d through bone v charcoal, by which it is purilled and muade i elear and liipid. After this it is conveyed a in.o vocuum pans and ovap irated by staan a heat Into sugar or syrup. The product of ti 3ugar is from 25 to 30 pounds fron a g bushel of corn, depending upon tic quality b )f tile grain. A inshel of corn weighing 'I 110 lbs., contains about 36 ls. of starch, af bnut all the starch is not extracted from the 8 corn as soie is left in the waste. The A manuifacture Is evidently a )rofitable one S especially when carried oi in the great -E corn growing localities where the grain is f cleap. __ A Wiap's strait-ogy. A writer says that ono morning when lie was watcihiag a spider's nest, a matid wasp tj ilighted within nu inch or two of the nest, (I >in the side opposite tile opeing. Creep- It ing noiselessly around toward the enIir.mce c f the nest, the wasp stopped a little short 1) f it, and for a iomient renialne i perfectly al lifuiet. Then reaching out one of his an- a enne, Ie wriggled it before the opening 31 m(d withdrew it. This overture hol the ti lesired effect, for the boss of the nitst, as a aige a spider as one ordinariy sees, cami1e v, )nt to see what was wrong and to set It to t1 ,1ghts. No sooner had the apider emerged 0< o that.point at which lie was at the worst lisidvantage than t the wasp, 'with a quick lnvoient, thrust lisa sting into tie body >f his foe, killhng him easily and almiost ti nistaintly. Theli experiment, was rep)eated is mi the plart of thle wasp), and1( when there tr unss nlo repocnso from the inside he beccame ni antishied, probaubly, that lhe ield the fort. It i.t aill evenats lie p)roceedled to enter the nest ti mid slaughter the young sp)iders, whaich gl vere afterward lugged off one at a timie. Tf T.iable Etiquiette, i Upon taking your seat, your flrst duity f( houild be to Inspect the cutlery. If the ii iiiives bear lRogers' stamp), for instance, e mound the pra1ie of the Meride11n manufac- ei uire. This will cause ot,hers to exampine rc heir knives. They will marvel at fur bi >ractical knowledge. Aad you will tiive ~ ong In the meh\dry of ybdr hioitess. Whean d oip is served, opb)ortuulty wlli present it- a elf to show your supe)rior attachmenits 1'n tl ~astronomy. Confbuientiially iinforam your i >/s-a-3)is, in a voice sutllciently 10oud to be E icaird all around the table, that Builleboil ci 5 the only person you ever knew who a :ouild make soup flt to eat. Every eye r arill be turned towardl you In adoration. J leur hostess will feel a sort of reflected aj treatness In having one so gifted conida icend to grace her humble board. Theni I alow Into your soup as though you were Ci ander contract to furnish motive power for 'I windmnill. Then you will show your & liughity contemp)t for conivenltionahities. L ?or a similar reason, you will eat fronm the a >oinit of your spoon. This movement will il nako you look ike the swvord swjillowver. r. k'our appearanice will be pictuiresque. 01 (our elbow wall thlreaten your right hand ul ieighibor's eye. In eating fish whip as big C 1)piece as you can in to your mouth, andl lien pick out then bones one by one at your I elsure. Always eat with your knife, andi @ lose your lips tightly about, it when you s vithidraw it from your mIouith. This will 0, ceep your knife clean durlig the whole ii neal. Cleanliness is next to godliness, you si mnow. With the moats comies an excelleut ti pportunity to exhibit your gymnastic at- ' ainment. You will miake yourself re. a p!ctedl, now, lby your 1ef t-hand as well. as rour right-hand neighbors. You can make ti pourself more agreeable by watching your A >pp)ortuinities ini conversation.. When a II genitleman has transferred a forkfull of food a romi his plate to his miouthl, address him Ii mddenhy. It is very amusing to see a gen- kt leman half ekokeddo his,:endeavor to get' ii us mnouthufull of,.food outa of the way, 'that1 II in mry answer you. Of course you will eat di the while you are talking, and talk while h rou cat. 'Thus will you. pjiy a delicate U :omaplimuent to your hlostess's cook, show h your soQial qualitie,: and prevent others,, d possibly, from eating more,than is goodl it ror themi. If puddinc~ is served, say it, l :oesn't agree with you., Bat eat of it jus~t I the samre, and call for more. And hbfo Is -b in tidmirablo opportunity to dollate upon is the idiosynoraslos -of your digestIve appa- a atus. The noblest study of mnkind is an.' If pudding Is not' iortheoing, re. nark upon the singular Idea that me peo. ae have that pudding may bdomitted from dinner for people *ho upderstand such hinge. When the pie comes peep under , or turn it over like a grl$doe cake. This specially where the lady of the house locs her own baking, , Af rthe pie is inderdone, it would be the right thing to antion the fact. If it be done too brown, ay something appropriate to the occasion. Yhen a lady makes a slip'in- hek cooking he likes to be told of It publiely Coffee houid be drank from the saucer, As though were an oyster in its shell. This gives Iou a jaunty air. If at a private table, iever pass anything to your neighbor. You iay want all there is yourself. Never hes late to ,ask for what you canot reach. (ou love tp wait upon yourself. Others aust love to wait on you. Remomber the Dothpick. Diatnonds and Diamond Fields. The principal diamond fields of the rorld are in South Africa and Ia Brazil. )wing to the great production in the Kit erley mInes In South Africa, and the con oquent reduction in price, the Brazil mines re not worked as much as formerly. A aw stones are found in India, some small ties in China, and occasionally one is )Und in California. It Is claimed that no or two have been discovered in Indiana ud one or two in Georgia. Blut those that ave bedu sent from Georgia have turned ut to be either beryl or common. crystal. 'he peculiarity of the great Kimberley ines-which are now 360 feet below the arface and cover a large area-i that the Liamonds are found imbedded In steatite, r soapstone. Those found In the Bahla istrict in Brazil-which is about 400 iles below Rio Janeiro-are usually lin. edded in a conglomerate composed of mall pebbles. The diamonds that are at ilt to cut for gems are used )r inechanical purposes. Those most sed are what are called carbons from the lahia district. They are irregular in shape ad of a dark brown color, about. the size f a hazel-nut. When .broken there is a ray fracture. They were discovered many ears before they were known to have any alue. Since the discovery that they were iaionds by an Amsterdam diampud cut. r th6y have risen in. price to $8 a carat nd more. They are used in burring mill ,onos and In diamonds drills. Another ariely, known as Brazilian boart, is too oor to cut, andl is used for drilling. They re of different colors, and vary in pize fro;n pin-head to a pea. These little white ones, >o small for gems, have good cutting au lea, and arc used by lithographers and ank-note engravers in preparing plates. 'he labor connected with catting and pot. thing a diamond adds greatly to its cost. ome are very difficult to shape apd polish. , particular seven-carat diamond took 3ven months' labor, more or less work very (lay, to get it cut and polished ready or the jeweler, and sold at a losspf $1,000. uch diamonds are not crystallized in re ilar planes, and may be compared to a notty piece of wood. As a rule, how. ver, diamonds have regular cleavage lanes. The cutter just makes a line on ic face of the point or angle of another iniond. Then lie uses a shcrt instru tent of steel and a mallot to eff ct the leavage. They all have the same nuim er of facet s-i ffty-slx-but may'be round the girdle (circumference) or oblong, .cordlug to the original shape of the one. They arc cut, as a rule, with a lit e waste as possible. The white are the tost brilliant, and consequently the most luablo. Tinted stones are loss valuable, i a dia'nond of a positive pink or green >lor conmnands a high price. A Lion's Dinnor. One of the mlost interesihug places in te Zoological G)ardien. Philadelphia, Pa., the lion house, not far from tihe main en ance. One of the mlost favorable me. enIts to visit this lion house Is four o'clock the afternoon, as the lions, tigers, pan era, leopards, cougars and hiyenas are yen their dinner at that time of the day. hey are given one meal a day only. "Poor heoWs I". perhaps you may exclaim, but It uist be rememnbored that .Ia their native ilds these flesh-eating boasts go without ed for several (lays. It is a very interest g sight to see this four Q'clock dinner. As rny as three o'clock visitors- began to owdl lnte the promenade in front of the iw of cages and bf? the tim'ei the keeper Ings out his buckets the house Is well led,, Of course the animals, know that nuier-time is approaching. Thley pace upi id down their cages .with uneasy steps, 10 lions roar and the titors g4ow), show .g very p)lamlly that they are hungry. very nowv and then a.-little- boy wilJ go ose up to the lion's cage, but will leap vay againl in an instanit, for the terrific >ar that makes the floor shako frightens >hmnny' out of his shioes. When the keeper ipoars with a bucket full of 'meat "Om odore Lawrence," the bigge& of the mnthors, bounds around the sides of his age like a cat, for, as his cage is nearest to provision-house door, lhe gets the first lod. Having received his big ."hunk,'' as te keeper calls it, the Commodore eats vay with great relish. The tigers are al Lost wild Wit,h delight when their cages are ached. I erhaps the most interesting part thme sport, howoe et', is tile feedig of the ale lion. Noble fellow 'thlat lie tel IHero mee the keeper; now look.sharp and soe 'hat the lion Is doing| Th''ere lie stands, on is haunches, with hia head. towardi the reat crowd. His nmane stands out like the - aggy whiskers on Uncle PAm's chin. is. 1 es, fastened upon the keeper, gleam with easure. Now, really, ilan't that a smile caling over his face, nmaking his beard vitch and his oars point forw~ari? It looks ery much like ii, anyno9w, and it'that isn't lion's smile, then no lion ever did smile. [o is not as in,patient as the other, anhnahs, iough he showse that lhe ila ugry, He has native diguity qmiui,~i jtig ory one ' must admire,' See, the. keee anroaches 'ilh a plecQ d b'df-iom1se ~f~eighing ftedft pour ds, oh th&eh4Y 16. The ceper --ho,ids -the, lied> unla'efho lion's Qad, anlelosqi te, ttetgs is the most dAihtul i e i 10lok I" 2 How earmay be card bn is i,a ~ he' 6d surges p' aghindi th'd iro&Ni t85i.hhV't keeper olds the beet above,theIon*shbad. The on looks up it itwlth~ M -esodo.drop I-pi-stymo\ith'' gxp'eassIn Iih paws are osdand his ha elva Suddenly arse th'e lilohteistit-with a $W sk -you"' ~ok .and be ls-to arMeAgdg -~A17''' ood little Url in the United Miet'.