University of South Carolina Libraries
TRI-WEEKLY EDITION. WINNSBORO, S. C., JULY 17, 1879. vol. III.-NO. 72. 80 SAD. to onh 'n sad5 yo macd, that the long sunshine -1no f Summer days is past ; hat the soft, twilight and glory line hich gilds the sky with golden vino ro curtained with the clouds reoline a they early shadows cast. I'm sad, so sad ! 'm sad, so sad, as bright winged birds I re flooking on the hill, c't Chirping a farewoll into words,li A message to the grazing herde, ed, A chorus plaintive as a dirge. While parting prayers they trill. ly, I'm sad, so sad I lw loi i'm sad, so sad, as leaves are torn, y, And by rude storms are thrown. sin -----Empty nests are roughly bouno To wreath with ilowery on graves forlorn, Inc Nature's symbol that to mourn [nil is not left to man alon, nt. I'm sad, so sad ! My heart's first love with the Sulumor's tied ; Its song with the bit do is flown. he I'm left with the sighing win'ds instead To grieve for the precious life that's sp'd, aift For the form in its cold and narrow bed, For the ripe sheaf tl'at Is mown-- he I'm sa 1, so sad te fat The Old Letter. ]lil John Gilfoy sat on the porch of his pl'a- tlhc nut home, looking at the beautiful scene before hin while the book upon his lap lay we unnoticed. - til For half an-hour t.e had sat mlotionlless, sct with that wistful, far-seeing, absorbed gaze he in lis blue eyes, while Mrs. G1lfoy hand sat va equally motionless watching hih. nn Between them, sleeping softly, lay their child, a yellow-lhaired baby, like to its lIs father in its Saxon fairness. ph Presently along the country road near by to sounded the rattle of wheels, and as the carriage rew near with its one passenger o there came suddenly into his face a look as ou if those disturbed visions litd strangely by taken life. So indeed they had. yo 'TVhe woman now alnost beside the porch, was Ella Mason, his second cousin, with fill whom down here at their Aunt iettie Ben- 11 son's he had spent one never-to-he-forgot ten suminer. ev He had been thinking of her as he looked in: upon the bay, where, three years before, they had passed so many hours together. Ie And now at this sudden apparition of tiln her, his eyes gathered an awed, startled tet look, as at the sight of one long dead. For one instant, when the carriage had ovN rolled in front of the door, Miss Mason sat regarding the group before her with wide- he wild eyes. h Then as John Oilfoy -controlled himself dic and came forward to help her alight., Ella bl< recovered from her surprise and g. eeted wl him with an easy eourtesy. th: "What a surprise to meet. you here, Mr. he Gilfoy I I had no idea auntie was enter- ca taining such pleasant guests," said Ella, as Jo she stepped from the vehicle. . N< "We only came yesterday," said John. tll "Neither my wife nor child have been well tin this summer, and I brought them down here for a change of air." ku Before Ella could reply, footsteps came at. rapidly through the hall and Aunt. llettie ce bustled forward. tin "Law sakes I Ella, is it really you ?" til "I rather think it is, auntie," returned ii Ella, with a little laugh ; getting up to give wI her aunt a kiss. th "Well, I am glad to see you I I could li0 scarcely believe my eyes when John brought II your letter this mornin' sayn' you was a-goin' to stop here on your way. Why, D< child It's an age since I've seen your dear on face. ' al "Only a little age, auntie ; something M over this baby's here," reaspoinded Eli, still in' smiling. arJ ''Come to thInk," pursued haer auntt, '"you and Miss Ross and .Johni wore all here together last. You ace," she conltinuedi, leaking at Mrs. Gillfoy, "I can't get, quite used to callin' her by the old naume.,," Ella gave an alnost impem~entllble littleta shiver. "What a draught thaerc is bere, auntie." Mi "You're warnm with travelin', child. Si of down here, away from the dooer, and get ua cool and rested, and Jemin shall bringa you~ a glass of mIlk whIle I get the 'room w ready for you." goE So Ella sat, thecre and talked with her old- sa time lover and her old-time friend.-a But the conversatIon was a restrained one, aind all three felt relieved when tiheT aunt made her appearance to annIIounIce thait tla the room was ready. "Jemimna's taken upi your valise, and I think you can find your way there without a much trouble, Ella. And I thought I'dl better give you this, for I'm gettin' so for getful in my 01(1 ago, ". she continued, refer:-o ring to an envelope she held In her hand, fr "You can't think how-beat I was when we found it yesterday mornin'. You see whlen John sent wvord that lie was goin' to bringa his wire and the baby dlowni Ihere, Jemlima and I went to work to give Miss Ross's old in room a little extra clean, and( what shoulid I get from back of the mantel, b)ut this letter m1 for you. I was a goin' to wrie anld tell you an all about it, as soon as I got the chance." "Thanks, auntie, I dare say it Is of littleli account," responded Ella, lightly, holding m out her hand for the old yollowv-white en velope. And then as she recognized John Gilfoy's, well-known chlrography, her face paled, her w fingers trembled, and she turned hlastily- A but not before she had seen that Jane's face hu was as ashy as lier own, and liar eyes at- b( frlghted, and hlad met a glance that was a a; revelation, al In her ow~n room, with the sound of his thi voice floating in at the Open windows, she in read what John Gilfoy had written threbp sunmmers 'o6o. yu "Ella, dear Ella, I am called abruptly h away; and titough I shall hlasten my return ei as much ag possIble, Imiust:say now what I a was deterreG f#mfinishing last night--that ti -I love you )efondI auight else in the world~ fo In two hours Miss Ross will have gtven you Tl mf ptoelous loe,~ that iven'road your m a dl you1 wi1 g tn~ duilf.e s. r face grw mlore ap mpt9: aitsly the a det fluttee r~ 1191'rv$& h gef#. 11 ilfy',the inamsh nid l oved so hcAeal4dored for he o. a him the perfidy of the woman who had e professed to be her friend, and was, v, through treachery his wife, or not ? [n answer to her summons, Mrs. Gilfoy ered the room and threw herself into an y chair. 'What does this mean ?" demanded Ella, nting to the note. "1 loved John Gil ,, and--thank (od 1 know it even thus c~-he loved me. Why should I suffer silence and never stand cleared in his -s ? Why should he not know that I ed and through whose agency this knowl Xe was kept from him ?' "Because,'' exclaimed .Jane, passionate falling at her feet, "while I know I have onged him ( and you, and that he has never ed me as, perhaps, he would have loved a, yet he cares for me in a kindly way cc he believed you trifled with him and s not worthy of his love, and I am the 1her of his child. Would you go to him 1 estrange us forever, and render that iy either fat.herl,es or motherless?" '"nough I John (ilfoy shall never hear in me of your treachery, norst:spect thi is dearer to me than my own life. But annot stay here. I shall go away this ernoon." And so these two women, who had once m friends, parted, the sinned against and sinning. lane Gilfoy was dead ; and Ella Mason's e was indeed hard. ,)ne, two, three years she waited for the i who mourned his wife, and devoted uiself to his motherless child, to seek again woman lie had loved in the olden days. knd when a long course of fever left her ak, but free from the danger which had eatened her for weeks, Miss .Mason was rcely thankful for the life which had m spared her-the life which was so ueless, so utterly and always heart sick, satisfied and lonely. still she grew better ; so much better at t that she yiel.'ed to the entreaties of ysicians and friends, and Ilettie herself go down to her aunt's. .nd one summer evening when ths mead a were at their greenest., she was lifted of the carriage at the door-lifted out John (ilfoy's strong caressing arms. "Ella, my own henceforth I Thank God, i aitc spared me I" Powerless to speak, Ella's great grey eyes ed now with passionate, love light looked o his. "Never mind onestions, darling. I know 3rything-know that I hold in my arms own best love." "But, John, she is a woman," announced Aunt Iettie. "She'll never be satistied less she is told something about this mat Then,. taking her niece from John to her 'i kindly embrace, she whispered "Walls sometimes have ears. Ella. I ird certain things once, and put thi8 and tt together, and made out a story that I I not feel at liberty to tell-though my mod boiled to do so-until I visited you ien you were sick and raving, and knew it love which you had promised never to ray was, perhaps, killing you. When I ne home I wrote a letter that fetched in home from a trip to foreign parts. >w dear you are satisfied, and do you uk you can stay here, and forget old tes, and get well and happy again?" "Ah, aunt, I am more than satisfied. To ow that John understands me, and loves last, is bhss for which I had forever ised to hope. Indeed, I shall get well, lI happy. Am I not happy now ?" put g her hands, with an eloquent gesture, o those of her lover. "As for the past will never revert to it again-except it I thank you, aunt, (lod alone knows w fervently-for what you have done for "Law, Ella, I know all about it myself I you think you young folks are the only es who have ever loved ?" responded her ut, as she beamingly led the way to Miss ason's room, followed by John with the malid suppiortedl tenderly in lis loving ns. Memuor.v's Queer Freats. In S.an Francisco one shakes hands with riend on the street corner' to-day, and xt year alpeets him fresh from a trip round world, and( is rathier surprised to find n11in another suit of clothes, the pattern the old being as fresh in our mind's eye if we had seen it yesterday. Thei other y a Front street merchant and his wilfe 're seated in a street-ear, whien anoter ritleman stepp)ed in. TPhe moment lie ,v the first-menitioned p)arty the hitter dI, eagerly: "Beccause it comes to the surface to blow. at's the anulwcr, isn't it?" "Yes," said the other, "hut I didn't nk you'd guess it." "Why, what did that gentleman mean?" ed the merchant's mnystlledl wife, after ly had left the car. "WVell, you see, down at the club the ier day I asked them all a conundrum; it rate thing, too-why is a whale like a ter lily ?"-and nonie of them could guest "Chub I Why,'- you haven't belonged to clubi for five year-iot since we were urried." "Haven't 19 That's a fact. Now, let see when it was I asked Brown that co mdruim," and by a careful com'parison of tea It was ascertained thia. Brown d kept the answer fresh in hIs mind fom acthy six years and five months. What Boy's Should Be. BIe true, be genuine. No education"tt yrth~ anytliing that.does not inclide 4thls, man had better not know how to mfad,h< ,d better never learn a letter of thle alpha 1, and be true and genuiine inrIntentior d In action, rather than beingYlearned i soiences and in all la;nguais 'to be at o sameo time false in heart ~dcount.erfoil life. Be putre in thoeugland langage, ito In inind and body. /An impureo man, umig or old, 'pIoiong' the society wher< moves2 wi a titt stories and imipur< flmples, Is'a m dal uleet, a plague spot, leper who ou it to be treated .as word o lepers of ql Be uotnsolfish. TIo care r the comfo*ta rand feelings of othersa > be0 polite.. . To be just in all :dealingi Ith ethers. To be generous, pioble- ani mnhy. -Be self-rehlait and '.self.heljin) en fronm early childhopd.: To be indte one, always, and solf.supp4titing.at. thla rllcst proper ago. Teach th0iu.. that al vest work is honorable, and:that: an idl ees life of dependenee on'others fot sA aeftl. "When. a boy has :ldedadi thea ur things when he has mid.edidti ide ~ti~,bs ling, hower g he ghe ul*Vfl o~ rr ,m *l lie ha 0tp h b Etna. Etna presents all the clinates of ti globe. The lower zone, which attains height of about 3,000 feet, is beautifh by the most luxuriant vegetation, such the tropical and moderate zones afford. is, indeed, the richest land of "olive at aloe and maize and vine" to be found up( the face of Europe. Laughing little town white, prosperous. and gleeful and dreai Norman castles, abound all over the regio mingled with streaks of black lava, and i terrupted by gardens illed with oranl trees, fig trees and oleanders. The midd zone, or "Wood Region" belts the mou tain to a height of nearly 7,000 feet, at though not so richly shaded as in form times, it richly deserves the name of sylv sa, which it received from the ancient The eruption of the so ctlled "Bocherel dcl F eoco," in 176(1, destroyed over a mi lion oaks of the most beautiful growth < the southern side of the mountain. Aho, this the desert begins; the four hundred a seventy-seven species of which the flora the Etnean woods is composed thin do\ to about eighty, thirty of which are lichei belonging to the glacial zone. The upp portion of the mountains is in fact, a v wilderness where fire alone contends f supremacy with the snow that, almost tl year round, clothes the summit and tl sides of the main cone. le who has n seen the sun rise from the top of Etna, It a great deal to learn about the immensil and beauty of nature. J ust as the sun rise an immense shadow of the most exquisi purple Is projected from the volcano ha over the island, while without its range tl light strikes with magic suddeness up< the tops of the mountains below. TI range of the view is almost boundless. Catania, Syracuse and even Malta; tl Tyrrenian, the Zonian and the Africi seas, are visible, Castro Giovanni stayds t on its rock, conspicuous in the centre of tl island, while the distant Appenines of C labria and Apulia, and the entrance of tl Faro of Messina, with the medunval tow1 of Reggio and Pizzo, appear in the far ea seemingly but a mile distant. The crat presents itself as a real. valley, profoun, uneven, with hollows and promontori formed by masses of lava that have roll in all directions ever encroaching upon o another. The walls of the crater are j black and steel gray in color, interspers with the most beautiful bluish, reddis greenish and golden veins. A gravelike E lence usually prevails. A thousand smol stacks noiselessly emit long trails of whi vapors that go slowly to break against tl sides of the crater. Over two hundr cones of various heights, most of them r gular in form and all having a reversi conelike funnel at their summit, are sci tered over the woody region as the "Plai del Lano," the plateau from which tl main cone arises. These minor cones thn like huge parasites, cover the mounta sides, are all of very ancient origin, wi the exception of the Monti Rossi, whi sprang up in 1(69, and were the outlets the terrible eruption which came near b rying Catania. It is a very rare oceurren that the main crater is not aided by soni of these auxiliaries in its work of destru tion-hence the fears that are now ente tained, especially as regards the villages < the northern side, such as Randazzo, Cu tiglione and Pledimonte. An enormo portion of the woods overhanghg these v lages was destroyed by a singular event the year 1755. In the eruption of th year, which threatened the eastern slop of Etn, an immense torrent of boilii water issued seemingly from the gre crater, and in an Instant poured down its base on the north, overwhelming ai destroying everything in its course. Sor traces of this torrent are still visib) though the locality has recovered vuget tion and verdure. It was probably caus by the melting of some glacier that did n resist thre Immense heat emanating from t main cone. The eruption of I619 cover six square leagues with lava, at some poi1 one hundred feet thick, and diestroy the dwellings of nearly 27,000 people. "Got 'Nother." A South 11111 schtoolma'am the other da 'while working an example on the boar (detected an urchin directly behind her the unlawful act of devouring an appl She said to him: "Tim, what are you d ing?" "Nothin," s4id Tim, with his mou so full his cheeks stuck out on either si< like aldermen's stomachs. "Yes youi are paradoxically insisted the teacher ; "whI have you In your hand?" "Nap)ple," a Tim, with some surprise, as lie looked the fragment of the apll In htis htand a1 wurndered who had bit it while ho was at dyitng. "What has become of thre rest it ?" "Dunno," said Tim, looking arou1 in an amazed effort to discover wIho I thme rest of It. "Somebody's been catin' it "Have you anmy more?" demandedt teacher. "Yes'mn," said Tim (dolefull: "got 'nether." "Where Is It?" relentles ly pursued the teachter. -"On my desk4 sighted Tim, as ho begatn to suspect LI the teacher was going to demand it of hih "Well take it out and go stand on the ph form and eat it. "-"Eat 'em both?" qi ried Tim. "Yes, eat them both." ".1 all I got?" demanded Tim .in a subdu tone of countenance. e,e eat all you have," impatientlyi poddthe teacher, and, turning to board, continued : "And don't you loa that platform while you have any apple'. eaten." Silence reigned in the' sh< -roomi. The paper pellet pursued its tra quil transit unobserved .Tie busy hum the studious made more noise thran t cautious smile qf the indolent. Tim sto at his pest. The stood at his post, TI frogment In his hrand soon disappear< and ho fell upon thme ,other apple elletl but <teterminedly. Quickly it followved I first. Then he put hris right hand in1 pants pocket and took out ar-applo and, ter a cautious reconnoitre during which wiped it on his trowses,he bgan the tack.' Hie carried tIre fort. -Down w the lvand again land anotber apple e broutght to light. . It was quicklyd patched. A .thiird followed. .Then changed his positiop sa~d reetlng the wemj ofis pody on hil's'loft log, sighed 'as drew from piie left bi'eschesk4t anet] a pple. When It wasie goe hedre#on1 ebmmlssar'y for aniothei, and b3f the time prodneed:the eighth 'apple hO was silen beilng oboeryed by two-hrds pf the hoys .the .roopi. .The teaohp tun4i ig, ,the .ey till standing Iat t14p ofc t. n"A6i'1 u 18@iouj y p ibh.,lo 1 Epopmdell 1~trnf ptbdt prise aw hIms' rescha another, au d, when that was gone, sur prise grew to amazement as his unwavering le hand again sought the gaping mouth of that a 'pocket. As the boy ate he grew in dimen :d sious, and the teacher became alarmed. its There seemed to be no end to the apples he It had in his clothes. "Timn, for mercy's d sake, have you any more appleM?" "(lot )m 'nother," said Tim indifferently. ''low a, many more apples have you;" "I)unno," ry said Tim; "guess two or three more." I., The teacher did not dare to let him proceed - and appointed herself an investigating comi ;e mittee to look after the back counties. The le boy never changed a muscle of his counte 1- nance nor moved an inch wlle that teacher d pulled apple after apple front his coat, and or stacked them up upon the desk, until there o- was something less than a peck pilied up, 8. with Dade county to hear from. The mat Ic ter hasn't been laid before the school board 1i- yet, but the exhausted sehnohma'am de )n clares that the next thne she will learn how re much of a crop of apples a boy has about id him before she issues any orders. Pf Fit s A Now Steam Wagon' or at A new style of road vehicle, designed or to be propelled by mechanical power, 10 has made its appearance in London, 1 England. The oarriage closely resem bles an ordinary dog cart; the shafts Ly are very short, and incline together, a, meeting two feet in front of the dash to board; between them is a third wheel, If working upon an upright shaft, which to could be turned by a handle placed the n same as that of a bicycle, this handle is , worked by reins, in the hands of the t driver. The motive power is obtained in by tw combustion of benzoline, a small p jet of which is admitted into the burn o or. It is then set on fire, and is com a- pletely consumed by a current of air, t which, until the naching is in action, ti Is produced by turning the small han or die already alluded to.' The burn tl, or Is about the size of an ordinary es chimney pot hat, and quite as elegant, (d Is lined by coils of a copper tube con 1e taming water; this tube is ca.lculated ed to bear 2,000 lbs. on the square Inch, b, and in working only receives 00 lbs.; I- so that practically it is not likely to cc burst, and if such an accident did oc to cur, the results would not be serious, e as the whole tube only contains a pound ,( of water. The steam generated in this tube passes at one end Into the cylin ders of a small torpedo engine, which io rotates a horizontal shaft; it then pass 1e es into a cooler, where it is condensed t, by the effect of a current of cold air m driven against the outside of the vessel by a revolving fan, and the water so of produced is forced back Into the other o. And of thm tubular boiler by a force coe pump; hence there is not the slight to eat escape of steam, nor is there any c- smoke, as the benzoline is entirely con r- sumed by the current of air. The re volving engine shaft works the driving a shaft, not directly but by the medium of two cones placed side by side, their in bases being reversed in position. A at t1gure of eight band connects the two, es and, as it is moved toward the base of ng one it nears the apex of the other, and at thus increases or diminishes the speed td of the driving shaft, which is connected ne 'with the driving wheel, or off wheel, e, by an endless band. ,a A Contract Made. ot 110 The Commander of the Faithful was Dd about to uniform Is hosts, and( a gigantic Its contract for cloth was aheadI. A contractor 3d presented himself to tihe Minister of War, prep)arcd to make his tender. "How muchl a yardl I" said the Minister, softly rubbing Is fIngers anid thulmb to gether. y3 "By the beard of Allahl I" said tIle cOnl d, tractor, whlo was short sighted, "30 liras ini delivered f. o. o., and may goats defile my e. grandmother's grave if I make more than o- five liras profit a yard." th "Come again to-morrow," said the Mi El nister of War, rather curtly, aind the secondl " contractor presented hhnmself. at "What do you chlarge a yard." id '"By tIle thirty-inie 1 mleums, 40 liras, at which leaves me0 15 liras a yard profit. ld "A-all," said theo oflicial brightening ulp, u- God is greait. Just Wvait a minute till I of see thle otheor slave. H-ow much do you ad want for your cloth, ehl?" ad "Sovereign Lordl, repliedl theo third cOnl ." tractor, falling upon his face, while a wink hie shot ovcr his left eye, "thle slave of the ;foot-stool hlas some clothl all wool and war s- ranted not to shlrink, whlich I lay uipon thle " altar of miy countr.y for 510 liras a yard." 'at "And tIhe profit thereupon," said tihe of n. fieial in a voice choked with emotion, "is" It- -"20 liras a yard. 0o- "Oh my soul, Oh my lamb, replied the !at. Minister, "thle contract is thine,n And ed clapping his hands. he bade the Nubian slave who -appearea go bid his bekbekrs 'e- begin carting sand for Is riew palace, lhe ye 'The Leap into Niagara.: o1 When Poet was asked what ,sensa ,n- tions lie experienced at his late leap Ofinto the Niagara'from tIle lOW Suspen 8d101o Bridge, he said: " nmo pai'tiou he0 h%r as I went'down; nothhig mpore than d, it.!liai4 jumped ten insteo I of one hun y, dred anld ninety-two fee I tbink I he must have gone.dowi - abo t eleven feet lsi into tihe water when 1 01nnuntered tile -e under current, bytt I did m M.go n,to.it. t-As.it oaught me, it threi me flat opi t 'my .back, and in thlat po ition .I was ess carried very Swiftly about twdntg-two is, feet between two currents and the feel I.e 'ing toin~y back was just *s though--I haidn urawn quickly -ve~ a rough board4ekle,sbut no evil e eots folldw. Sedi 1hlad my eyes open and- looking lhe ujhl ud see the -bridge through the ly watete My life preserver saved me af in tori went undex'the wate-. Rallsiig nritmust.be itbout mny buasi s W' a: thy hange paddlid a' t41o a,$$ Tp thalnta iifrndnan at The Largest Orchaitd In the World. Hobert McKinlstry, of Hudson, N. \ enjoys the honor of owning the largc orchard in the world. lAike all fruit-groi ers, and others of kin to that profession, 1 is kindly and liberally disposed, and has i secrets to reserve from others who lo fruit-growing, and to talk of fruit. Visita are therefore made welcome, and his c chard is open to inspectionl by all who a interested in his labors. The orchard situated on the east bank of the lluds< river, on high rolling Iable latnd, and occ pies :30) acres, aid contains iore thi 24'000 apple trees, 1,700 pears, 4,000 chI ries, 600 penches, 200 plums, 200 cral 1,100 vines, i,1)00 eturranIats, and 200 chet nuts. The varietis grownt are : ihot Isatnd Greening, 7,000tJ; lialdwins, 6,00( King of Tompkins Co., 4, 000 ; Ast rachian 800 ; Northern Spy, 500 ; Wagener, 5t Oravenstein, 400; Cranberry Pippins, 201 Ben Davis, 20); I)uchess of Oldenher 200 ; with .Jonatians, IIubbardstonls, (a; ugas, Vanderveers, Bellflowers, Pearaini Peck's Pleasants, 20-ounce l'ippins, Iiu sets and others in less munber. The pen are Bartlett, 11. d'Anjou, Shelden, Seek and l,awrence chiefly. Of cherries the are 28 varieties. The orchard is remark bly thrifty and the oldest trees tre about years old. The soil is a dry, rolling grav with some limestone; the trees are plant< 20 feet apart, and do not seem by any nea to be crowded. The ground Is plow< several tinies in the year and kept, fallom excepting, whenl thought. advisable, it seeded to clover. The orcltar,d is inti sected by roads over six miles in length fI the passage of wagons, and is bounded I t contintuotas row of apple trees set 10 fe apart for 41 miles. The soil is certai well adapted for fruit growing, for the tre are clean, thrifty, compact, and loadet wil the fatirest. looking fruit. The apple cri of the present year is expected to he :30,o( barrels, a large portion of which will 1 exported to Liverpool and (lasgow. Twe ty-four men and 14 horses are employed hauling out the crop or in plowing. 'I' success of this orchard htas not hea achieved, nor1 is it m1a1intamled, without t1 closest supervision aud the most industrio work. Enemies tire there, as well as els where ; but these have no peace ; the wa fare against them needs to be consta1u Suckers and sprouts tire reioved as soon seen ; the borers are watched and follow( with vigor. Wires are used to reach the in their burrows, and the damlatg;(ed bark removed with chisels. As trees fail othe are planted in their places, and the orchai is constantly being renewed in this manc As the market for good fruit is extetdh every year, and foreign customers are see ing supplies here, the business of growi fruit cannot. fail. to be profltable and pc mtnent. No other business pays bett than this for the most skilful attention alt management ; indeed, without these, it vain to expect a crop that will sell In t market at remunerative prices. Good fri sells itself and the grower is soon soug for by purchasers. Fingers ant Forks. We often laugh at the Chinese and thi chopsticks-or small, thin sticks of wo or ivory-with which they eat, and fan, they must make very dirly work tt th meals; yet they are cleanly and civilizi compared with the habits of our anceste some three hundred years ago. Then for were unknown. Each man had his ox knife, and at, dinner seized the Joint wi his hand and cut off what he wished. T dish was then p ssed on to the next, w: did the same. The knife then cut up t portions ito small pieces, which were p Into the mouth by the fingers of the hai uno"cupied by the knife. In many parts Spain, at present, drinking-glasses, spool and forks, are rarities; and lin tavernas many countries, particularly in some tow In France, knives are not, placed( ont table, because It Is expected thatt echcl p sotn lias one of his ownt-a custom whi thme Frechl seemn to have retaitned fromi tl old Gatuls ; hut, as no peron5t wvill ai longer oat without forks, landlords a obliged to furnuish these, togethera wi plaites andt spoonus. None of the sovereig of Englanid hadut forks till the reign Henry VIl[. All, h'ght and lowv, used the finagers. IIence, itn the royail huousche there was a dignitary called the ewry, wl1 with a set, of subordiates, at,tended at t meals withm basins, water and towvels. T]' office of the cwry survived after forks cat pnrtitally into fashion. About the first roy personage who is hnown to have lied a fo was Queen Elizabeth ; buit, although sev( al weore presented to her, it, remains doul1 ful whether she utsed thtem on ordinal occasions. Forks wvere employed otnly I the higher classes in the middle of t soventeetnth century. About the period the revolution (1(688) few English ntoblemi had more than a dozen forks of silver, adoi with a few of Ironi or steol. At loength, i genieral utse, steel forks biectame tan article manufacture tat Shiefieold. At first they i but two prongs ; anid It was onily in Itat times that the three-pronged kind we made. As late as thme early part of tl eighateenut.h cntury table-forks - ad may adid knives---wero kept on so sall scale by the country lans In Scotland, (a1 perhaps in some parts of Englanud,) that was cuistomaury for gentlemen travelling carry with them a portable knife and fo In a shiagreen case. The general introdh tion of silver forks into Great, Britain quite recent. It catn be dated no fur-tI: back than the terminuation of the Fren war in 1814. -Shephierdh Dogs. The Scotch Uolley dogs are remarkal for . great Intelligence ; an lm,tliet wIhi seems sometimes to surpass reasoni; wc dlerful endurance,- andi activity. Withc these dogs, sheep-keeping In many d tricts, useful for no other branach of ag culture, wvould be Impossible. The hmos of tIs breed is the Scotch highlands locality- of rocks and -hills, interspers with grassy valleys; elevated table isan bearing scanty hterbage, and "moors," level or slightly undulating tracts cover wIth gorse, heather, low bushes, bogi places, and scattered rocks.. Upon -tI< lills shecep.pro liept in largesflocks,-oxpos from dlay to. day.,t9., all $ho .vicesItudes storms, mists, rains and snows, with other elter than-Is afforded by the lee-si of abirui' pi'eoca 'overhanginhg roe stoho walls 6r in ouhsheds ofe poles g lieather4 . Without hi d6gs the, sheph( aouki lisi helpless to m ianage his flock this 3roughu cotntry. In ceountries *h;y atable fland bMars a-yory big prie4,g such land as cannot.be plowed Is aioi tb sheep pastu're, lendhcre ihe de1 valoablo; A1dd not only ho ote siq Al#ful dupon thetnote olvhid hIllsIe the Scotch low-lands upon the grassy downs of England, the rich farms where sheep-keeping is only incident to high cul ture, and i)on our own western plains. l, Everywhere, where sheep are kept, a sheep 10 dog of some kind is found useful ; and of v all the different varieties the Scotch Colley is considered the most valuable. lie pos- i r- senses a rare instinct for his work, which comes as a second nature to him. lie often knows the ways of sheep better Ihim his m master, and underst ands the signals of the shepherd when far out of hearing, with Pl u great precision. Cases have been knowa in which the dog hIas discovered the absence hil of somo laggards of the h ock which his master had not missed, and has returned to in le the pasture for then unbidden. lie can range his flock npon one side of a road, pii when meeting other sheep, and thus keep them from intermingling with the strangers. lei IIe will discover by his acute sense of smell sheep that have been overwhelmed in snow- pa dr ifts, and will conduct. the shepherd to the place. If no help is available, he has th been known to dig into the drift. and release simprisoned sheep, and to warm chilled i laimbhs b yt el y huddling close to them. Ile is vahant in their.defense, and will give battle to a wolf without hesitation. No vagrant st dog will be permitted to approach a flock el of which he has charge. Ilo will bring " back stragglers when upou the march, and will return to find the sore-footed ones that tth have lingered by the way. For a farm dog he is of special value,' as he can easily be he is trained t , manage with gentleness any kind of live-stock. lie is domestic in his habits. let i- While kind and affectionate to his owner, ?r and his herds, he is watchful and suspicious sta et of strangers and strange animals. Ilis et 3 good disposition gives him great influence Li over his charge, and causes them to have conildence in him. When a flock is afraid i of the shepherd's dog, It shows wrong ac management on the part of the shepherd, Is and that the (log has been badly trained. The Scotch Colley has long and woolly hair, a bright mild eye, a 8harp nose, an b' intelligent aspect, a long bushy tail curling to upwards, with the end clear of the ground; tic N and in color is usually black and tan, varie 10 gated with a little white. Not the least as a wonderful or useful characteristic of the dog is his tenacious memory, by which lie p1l Is able to remember all the turning points it. In a journey of hundreds of miles, and to co recognize at. sight every member of the flock to which lie has become attached. With all his good qualifications, however, lie sometimes lapses from virtue ; and no, other (log is so destructive to the fold as a b ,c sheep (log become demorilized by had . r companions. A traitor Is the worst of to enemies. k- ...-.. .. .... g The Two Murphy-s. - pa er A good story Is told of the Irish conic d dian, Joe Murphy. ev is It was during the " blhi ribbon " excite- ou lie ment of last season, and Joe was journey iit Ing to a small town in the vicinity of n ht Pittsburg. As the train steamed Into the wI depot, it was boarded by half a dozen men, who, after a hurried conference with at the conductor, approached the comedianli C with beaming faces. "Mr. Murphy, I believe," said the It )d spokesman, hat In hand. co y " At your service, sir," replied Joe. i "Delighted to meet you, sir. We are th the conmnittee appointed to take you in lo 1 charge," and they fairly dragged the aston k islied Joe from the car, placeing hint t! in a carriage, they were whirled swiftly to away. he "God bless us," thought the exponent, o of Irish peculiarities. "This is very kind. le Never was in this town before. A man's e ut reputation does travel, and that's a fact." In a short time they reached the hotel, v of and the committee having placed Joe in s, the best parlor suite, prepared to depart. in "We will call for you after supper, Mr. a nilMurphy," said the spokesman. f "One moment, gentlemen," cried St. Joseph, as lie pulled the bell-cord vigor- grn ously13. "'Walter, dIrinks for the pamrty." to "Drninksl" shrIeked tihe coniclave In a Schorus. "Mr. Murp)hy, arc you mad ? "w " 'Mad," echoed Joe; ''not a bit of It. fa tiName your beverages, gentlemen." '' Oh this is terrible backslidIng," said i1 -rone. -' Francis Murphy ordeinig dIrinks." thm hi 'Francis Murphy," rep)eated the per p(lexed Joe. " I 1111 -Joe M[urphy, tihe ,comnedilan." im S They saw it all, anti ruishied wildly fronm (I the roomi in search of the templeranmce Sapostle, who was e ven then toiling pain- e' Sfully from the dlepot on foot, ''totIng" a t.l hIuige carpet-bag. Bioth the Murphiys drew large houses WV that night. co 13' Growinag Ivy ini RIom.(I of Ivy ill succeed bettor in a warm, driy m1 room than any other lant, andl all that is ig needed to make It attractive Is the exercise.frn or of a little Ingenuity In the appliances for its of home. A vase, not necessarily costly by d any means, will answer a good piurpos5e; ar er aiid tis remnd(s us of an excellent, Idea th ro that we lately noticed in a foreign periodli lie cal for growing this very plant. Lot.g or ye shoots of Ivy were procured, with the cai a young and tender aerial roots very abunidant. 'id Thi e lower ends wore wrapped in mos, and bt It thien some five or six of these were lIghtly ria to tied together at tho bottom and placed in rk the vase. Fill the vase within a few Inches be c- of time top, and suspend the ball of moss51 ot. is within. rTe r'oots will soon commence to ns oer grow, and afterward the moss should not oh quito reach the water, as the roots will ox tend down Into it, and prove all suflieient-a So many different varieties of Ivy amro now se in cult.ivat.ijn, that by selecting kinds that slo wIll form a decided contrast in shape and st0 chi color, the effect will be sensibly heIghtened. In in- Trho centre of the vase may be filled with 31 ut cut flowers, or grasses, or nothing would is- look better than ferns. The Ivy miay be r ri- iallowed to hang down over the sides of the ~ no vase in graceful festoons, or else be trained d a and placed over and around the window. ccd It will not grow quite as wall In strong de light as when partly shaded, ets the ivy loves 3' or shade and an oven, cool atmosphere. It Iv ed 'can be planted i'n tubs and trained up a of gy stairway, thtus forming a mass of green foil so age from the hall below to the floer. above. t11 ed A convenient way to grow a small ivy is to O( of fila small fish globe with cleain rain water 01 no, p>utting in the bottom some tiny shells and l d. gay colored stones for ornament;. plaItiC ii .this a piip of parlor ivy, and suspend th0 Q9 rd globe by three small brass clinns, which I rd~ may be bought at tny bariW re l~r.i in T.hs may hang foithg ~dT ,nio~ er mo omthe eetn oft~ e i~ 6rW'* i'OO' ) FOR 'I'IIOU(.Ii'lT. P'here is no good In preaching to the ngry. L'iarity gives itself rich, but eovet sness hoards itself poor. With patience and time the n'iber:y if becomes a silk gown. lie who blackens others does not aiten himself. F'ake care of your plough and your >ugh will take care of you. lie who saves in little things can be. oral In great ones. le who avoids small sins does not fall o large ones. lIe that pelts every barking dog must k a great many stones. Where the hedge is lowest the devil aps over. peak little, speak trut'sai spend little, y cash. What comes from the heart goes to 3 heart. Jur neighbors' children are alway worst. l'ruth may be suppressed, but not angled. Lorgive thiyselI nothlig and others aoi. if pride leads the van, poverty brings the rear. No one is mote profoundly sad t:han who is obliged to laugh. ['rue beauty increases, wilie la'se .senas on examiination. )o not squander time, for that is t.he Il' life is made of. l'here is a plenaure in effort, though' 3 end be but a dream. E0yery man who his decisilon of clir 'er will have enemies. 1'o be dumb for the remainder of Ii.e better thn to speak falsely. 1Every mant sees the faults of ot,ber" t cannot discern his own. lo the blessed eternity itself there Is other handle than this instant. Ragged clothing cannot debase a man nuch as a frayed reputation. Let us search ourselves in the first ice. and afterwards the world. If evil be said of thee, and it is true, rrect it; if it be a lie, laugh at it. l' mployment is Nature's physicians, d is essential to humann happiness. No one will dare maintain that it is tter to do injustice than to boar it. It is more prolitablo to look up our de :ts than to boast of our attainments. Uftena, while in the direct line of duty, ngers and dilllculties surround our thl. [n the great world there Is a iplace for cry one, and we should be found in rs. l'hose days are lost In which we do good; those worse than lost, in ielh we do evil. think less of the vipers that many .ack you, and more of the duty that. s before. rlere is no real use in riches, except be in the dist,libution ; the rest is but noel t. lie neede no other rosary whose read of life is strung with beads of re and thought. 'lhe Chalus of habit are generally too tall to be left till they are too s.rong be broken. Individuality is everywhere to be ared and respected 1s the root of orything good. Lot a man overcomt, anger by love, il by good, the greedy by liberality, e liar by truth. iIappiness can be built on virtue )ne, and mnust of necessity have truth r its foundation. Goodl counsels observed are chains to a1Ce, which, uheeOLded, prove halters strangle UIuntiful children. If one strives to treat others as lhe )uld be treated by thlem, lie will nor, ito c0om1 niear the perfect life. i'rite goodness is like the glow-wor m; shines nmost whlen no eyes except Dse of IIeaven are upon01 It. [vory does not come fr'oml a rat's )uthI, nor good counsel I rom a slan-. rer. 'l'e first andt worst of' all brands is to eat one's self. All bin is easy aft,er A metaphor In slander is always bear ien it enmes voluunturiiy, and is nor. nstrainied, It is unftair to say a 11ail1 does good 0(ds only for elfect, merely because lie 0s themi wltth efleet. The hap)piness of the tender heart ia Drensedi by what It can11 take away )ym thit wretchedness of others. An Ill-tempered word and a stonIe e alIke inl that, wheni 01nce thr1owVI, ey cannot bo recalled. A man can no0 wore escape . from his dinary grooves of thought than he n from his habitual grooves of netion. You may13 never have thiougnlt of It, it it Is utterlylinlpossible to get down.. hth angry wlthiotet raisinug your voice. B3ome people aot as thougha they hiad 61n inoculated with stupidity, whiile hers act as thoulgh they had it in tile, tural way. Only the8 religious matn Is good.. And [llt is religion ? It .is the' perfect.. reenment of tihe wvill > with tile eon Value. the friendship of hIan who mndb by 1you iri the storm;' hi&rnms of beets will surround you la -the sun. inie. Beware of grejudices; they are,like ts, and men s minds are like traps. -eudees oreep in easily, but it is ubtful if they ever get out. Be thankful for past'mdreles, before u plead for new favors this"is tie yto plead suoceasfuilly he~ thta forethl praise glorifiethi God The difference between th6g Ie~~ e world esteems as good, and those:It ndenahs as bgud, i in many qes flte se thali thMt thelf6rnier hat been eltered freni temgt4tion, Uniy9raal lgy0 1*8f*5 S OVEkwt ahanid 1~lr ~4 t~ *t~o ~YI,,